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Berajah Journal
Published by CV. LAFADZ JAYA
ISSN : 27971805     EISSN : 27971082     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47353/bj
Core Subject : Science, Education, Social,
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences
BERAJAH JOURNAL menerbitkan artikel tentang pendidikan dan pembelajaran secara umum. Berisi artikel /hasil penelitian yang ditulis oleh para ahli, ilmuwan, praktisi, dan reviewer di bidang pendidikan dan pembelajaran. Beberapa cakupan Berajah Journal meliputi: Teori dan landasan pendidikan dan pembelajaran, Filsafat pendidikan dan pembelajaran, Teknologi pendidikan dan pembelajaran, Media pendidikan dan pembelajaran, Evaluasi pendidikan, Manajemen Pendidikan, Inovasi pendidikan dan pembelajaran, Pendidikan untuk semua jenjang, Pendidikan formal, Pendidikan informal, Pendidikan non formal, Pendidikan pedesaan, Pendidikan perkotaan, Kurikulum pendidikan dan pembelajaran, Pendidik dan siswa, Kebijakan pendidikan dan pembelajaran, Metode dan strategi pembelajaran, Penilaian pembelajaran, sosial budaya, dll.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 668 Documents
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ANALISIS KESULITAN MEMBACA AWAL PADA SISWA KELAS 1 SD Yulita Ania Rahman; Rina Susi Cahyawati
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i3.674

Abstract

This study aims to analyze early reading difficulties among first-grade elementary school students and the factors influencing them, including students’ reading interest. The research employs a qualitative approach using a phenomenological method to explore students’ learning experiences in depth. The subjects of this study are first-grade students who experience difficulties in beginning reading. Data were collected through initial reading tests and in-depth interviews. The data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that early reading difficulties include the inability to consistently recognize letters, difficulty in connecting letters with their sounds, hesitant or halting reading, and low comprehension of simple texts. These difficulties occur in stages and show that students have not yet reached reading fluency and comprehension. Furthermore, the study reveals that reading difficulties are influenced by several factors, including physiological, intellectual, environmental, and psychological aspects. One significant factor is students’ low reading interest, which affects their engagement and practice in literacy activities. To address these challenges, appropriate and varied instructional strategies are needed, such as the phonics method, the use of engaging learning media, and repeated reading activities. Support from teachers and parents is also essential in improving students’ reading interest and ability. Therefore, systematic and continuous efforts are expected to enhance students’ early reading skills.
IMPLEMENTASI CYBER NOTARY DALAM RUPS ELEKTRONIK PADA PERSEROAN TERBUKA: ANALISIS BATASAN WEWENANG DAN PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM NOTARIS Anis Khafifah Mz; Nuzulia Kumala Sari
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i3.675

Abstract

The development of information technology has driven the transformation of the General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS) mechanism from face-to-face to electronic (e-GMS). This is intended to eliminate the constraints of distance and location between shareholders. This phenomenon places notaries in a crucial position as cyber notaries to ensure the authenticity and legal certainty of the minutes of meetings held online. The authority of notaries, expressly stated in the UUJN, still emphasizes conventional processes, while notaries are also required to adapt to developments in information technology. In addition, notaries are also required to apply the prudent notary principle, which requires notaries to act with integrity, honesty, and thoroughness in verifying the identity, competence, and accuracy of the parties' statements to prevent legal defects in authentic deeds. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the cyber notary concept in the implementation of e-GMS, identify the technical and legal obstacles faced by notaries, and evaluate legal protection for notaries in exercising their authority.  
IMPLEMTASI RESTORATIVE JUSTICE TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA MEDIK AKIBAT KESALAHAN DIAGNOSIS BERBASIS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DALAM PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA Beni Satria
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i4.677

Abstract

The rapid adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in diagnostic processes across Indonesian healthcare facilities has not been matched by an adequate legal framework for determining liability when an AI system produces a diagnostic error that harms a patient. The retributive approach embodied in the criminal sanctions of Article 440 and Article 447 of Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health is considered insufficiently capable of addressing the complex relationship between medical personnel, healthcare providers, and technology developers in AI-based medical crimes. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of medical crimes arising from AI-based diagnostic errors and to examine the relevance of restorative justice as an alternative dispute resolution mechanism in Indonesian healthcare services. The study employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches, analyzed descriptively and qualitatively on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The findings show that the absence of specific technical regulation on medical AI generates uncertainty in determining the subject of criminal liability, while the restorative justice principles under Attorney General Regulation Number 15 of 2020 could potentially be adapted for such cases, provided that intent (mens rea) is not dominant and patient harm can be restored through relationship-based recovery mechanisms. The study recommends the formulation of technical guidelines for applying restorative justice specifically to AI-based medical crimes, coupled with strengthened algorithm auditing and safety certification of medical AI systems.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN AUTONOMOUS MEDICAL DEVICE DALAM PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA Beni Satria
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i4.678

Abstract

The advancement of health technology has driven the entry of autonomous medical devices—artificial-intelligence-based medical instruments capable of performing diagnosis, clinical decision-making, and even medical actions with minimal human intervention into healthcare practice in Indonesia. The use of such devices raises new legal issues, particularly concerning the party that may be held criminally liable when a system error or failure causes harm to a patient, given that Indonesia's criminal law system still rests on the principle of fault (mens rea), which can only attach to a legal subject, whether a natural person or a corporation. This study aims to analyze the construction of criminal liability for the use of autonomous medical devices in healthcare services in Indonesia based on Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health together with its implementing regulations, and Law Number 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code. This study employs a normative juridical method with a statute approach and a conceptual approach, supported by primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials analyzed in a descriptive-qualitative manner. The findings indicate that autonomous medical devices are not yet recognized as legal subjects, so their position remains that of an object or instrument, and criminal liability for their failure remains attached to medical personnel, healthcare facilities as corporations, and/or device manufacturers, depending on where the fault lies within the chain of the device's use. This study also identifies a legal vacuum in the technical regulation of safety standards, certification, and the proof of algorithmic causation, indicating the need for more specific derivative regulations so that the principles of legal certainty and patient protection can be optimally fulfilled.
PERAN INVESTASI DALAM MEMODERASI PENGARUH PENDUDUK BEKERJA, IPM, UPAH MINIMUM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI KABUPATEN/KOTA PROVINSI BALI Ni Made Ira Vary Ayesti; Gede Crisna Wijaya
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i4.679

Abstract

Economic growth is one of the main indicators used to measure the success of regional economic development. This study aims to analyze the role of investment in moderating the effects of the employed population, Human Development Index (HDI), and minimum wage on economic growth across regencies and municipalities in Bali Province. The analysis employed a quantitative approach using secondary panel data covering the 2019–2025 period. The analytical methods used were the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results indicate that, simultaneously, the employed population, HDI, minimum wage, and investment have a significant effect on economic growth. Partially, HDI and investment have a positive and significant effect on economic growth, while the minimum wage does not have a positive and significant effect, and the employed population has no significant effect on economic growth. The moderation test results show that investment is unable to moderate the effects of the employed population, HDI, and minimum wage on economic growth in the regencies and municipalities of Bali Province. These findings suggest that improving the quality of human resources and strengthening investment remain essential to support sustainable economic growth in Bali Province.
COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM MANAGEMENT PADA EVENT BUDAYA GEBYURAN BUSTAMAN: PENGUATAN KAPASITAS KOMUNITAS MELALUI PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGEMBANGAN DESTINASI BERKELANJUTAN Zahrina Nabila Abidin
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i3.680

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Community-Based Tourism Management (CBTM) through community participation in the Gebyuran Bustaman Cultural Event, as well as its contribution to community capacity building and local development. Employing a qualitative case study design , data were collected through field observations, documentation, and in-depth interviews with event organizers, community leaders, MSMEs, and local residents selected via purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using an interactive model comprising data condensation, display, and verification. The results indicate that the event successfully implements CBT by positioning residents as primary actors across all management stages : bottom-up planning via community meetings , collaborative and non-hierarchical organizing , active execution as ritual performers and culinary vendors , and participatory evaluation. This active involvement functions as a learning-by-doing platform that significantly enhances community capacity by driving local leadership regeneration among the youth , improving organizational skills , and fostering multi-stakeholder collaboration. Consequently, the event generates a positive cycle of urban destination sustainability by balancing economic gains for MSMEs , strengthening social cohesion , and preserving cultural heritage. This study concludes that the Gebyuran Bustaman Cultural Event is an effective instrument for community empowerment , demonstrating that grass-roots independence paired with proportional government support is vital for sustainable urban tourism.
PENINGKATAN MUTU PEMBELAJARAN QUR’AN HADITS MELALUI LITERASI DIGITAL Wahidin; Abdul Halim Rais
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i3.685

Abstract

This study aims to examine the influence of digital literacy on the learning of the Qur’an and Hadith and to identify the challenges and solutions in its implementation in madrasahs. The study employed a qualitative approach with a case study design conducted in five Islamic senior high schools in Kapuas Regency. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. The findings revealed that digital literacy significantly improves the quality of Qur’an and Hadith learning through the use of digital Qur’an applications, multimedia tafsir, and online learning platforms, making learning more interactive, flexible, and effective. Digital literacy also enhances students’ independent learning, critical thinking skills, and learning motivation. However, several challenges were identified, including limited teachers’ digital competence, inadequate technological infrastructure, and the lack of alignment between digital media and the madrasah curriculum. Therefore, continuous teacher training, the development of Islamic-based digital learning platforms, and the improvement of technological facilities are necessary to support innovative and relevant religious learning in the digital era.
THE INFLUENCE OF FINANCIAL RATIOS ON BOND RATINGS OF BANKING COMPANIES IN 2019-2023 Alindra Yanuardi; Novia Afifatur Rohmah
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i3.686

Abstract

The downgrade of bond ratings by PT PEFINDO amidst the COVID-19 outbreak was the driving force behind this study. It can be seen from the downgrade of the bond ratings of these companies, which indicates that the risk of default is increasing. Theoretically, several factors, including financial ratios, can influence bond ratings. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of LDR, BOPO, ROA, and CAR on the bond ratings of banking companies assessed by PT PEFINDO from 2019 to 2023. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data analysis method used was ordinal logistic regression analysis, performed using the SPSS 26 program. Based on the study's results, bond ratings were significantly influenced simultaneously by LDR, BOPO, ROA, and CAR. LDR has a positive and significant effect, and BOPO has a negative and significant effect. ROA and CAR do not have a significant effect on bond ratings.
PERAN STRATEGI GENERASI Z DALAM OPTIMALISASI PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL TERHADAP PELAKU UMKM DI KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG Feberlina Hulu; M. Chaerul Rizky; Dewi Nurmasari Pane; Dea Putri Ananda; Larissa Pia Revianty
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i4.689

Abstract

This study aims to identify and analyze the role of Generation Z strategies in optimizing the utilization of digital technology among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Deli Serdang Regency. Amid the rapid advancement of the digital era, digital transformation has become a crucial necessity for MSMEs to enhance their competitiveness, expand market reach, and improve operational effectiveness and efficiency. However, many MSME owners still face various challenges in utilizing digital technology optimally, including limited digital literacy, financial constraints, and a lack of understanding of digital marketing strategies. This research employed a quantitative approach using a survey method involving 65 MSME respondents. The data were analyzed through reliability testing, descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression, F-tests, and t-tests using IBM SPSS software. The results indicate that all research instruments met the reliability criteria, with Cronbach’s Alpha values exceeding 0.70, confirming that the instruments were reliable and suitable for data collection. The simultaneous test results revealed that Generation Z strategies collectively have a significant effect on the optimization of digital technology utilization among MSMEs. Meanwhile, the partial test results showed that the Generation Z Strategic Role variable (X1) has a positive and significant effect on the optimization of digital technology utilization among MSMEs, while the other variables did not demonstrate a significant influence. The findings suggest that Generation Z holds a strategic position as an agent of change in supporting the digital transformation of MSMEs. Their contributions are reflected in the utilization of social media as a promotional tool, the implementation of digital marketing strategies, the enhancement of digital literacy, and assistance in adopting various technologies that support business activities. Therefore, stronger collaboration and synergy among Generation Z, government institutions, higher education institutions, and MSME actors are essential to accelerate sustainable digital transformation and improve the competitiveness of MSMEs in the digital economy era.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA KORPORASI DALAM SISTEM HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA PASCA BERLAKUNYA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2023 TENTANG KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PIDANA Briski Viktor H. Sinaga; Sumarno; Suci Ramdani; Derta Simbolon; Lume Hetty Alphani Simbolon; Rika Suryana Surbakti
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i4.690

Abstract

The development of modern economic activities has significantly strengthened the role of corporations as legal entities that contribute substantially to national economic growth and development. However, corporations also possess the potential to become perpetrators of various criminal offenses, including corruption, money laundering, tax crimes, environmental crimes, consumer protection violations, and other economic crimes. The enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana/KUHP) marks a fundamental reform in Indonesia's criminal law by explicitly recognizing corporations as subjects of criminal liability. This legal reform provides a more comprehensive framework governing the concept, forms, and mechanisms of corporate criminal liability within the Indonesian criminal justice system. This study aims to analyze the regulation of corporate criminal liability in Indonesia's criminal law system, examine the forms of corporate criminal liability under Law Number 1 of 2023, and identify the challenges and optimization efforts in implementing corporate criminal liability. This research employs a normative legal research method using a statutory approach, conceptual approach, case approach, and comparative approach. The legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources collected through library research. The collected legal materials are analyzed qualitatively using descriptive-analytical and prescriptive methods to formulate legal arguments regarding corporate criminal liability in Indonesia's criminal law system. The findings indicate that the regulation of corporate criminal liability in Indonesia has undergone significant development through Law Number 1 of 2023, which explicitly recognizes corporations as subjects of criminal law. Criminal liability may be imposed on the corporation itself, its management, or both simultaneously, depending on the degree of fault, the relationship between the offender and the corporation, and the benefits obtained by the corporation from the criminal act. In addition to fines as the principal punishment, corporations may also be subjected to additional penalties and corrective measures, including confiscation of criminal proceeds, compensation for victims, revocation of business licenses, suspension of business activities, restitution for damages caused by criminal acts, and, in certain circumstances, corporate dissolution. Nevertheless, the implementation of these provisions continues to face several challenges, including inconsistencies between the Criminal Code and sector-specific legislation, difficulties in proving corporate mens rea, limited institutional capacity of law enforcement agencies, and the absence of comprehensive technical guidelines for handling corporate criminal cases. Therefore, regulatory harmonization, institutional capacity building for law enforcement officers, the development of comprehensive implementation guidelines, and the strengthening of good corporate governance and corporate compliance principles are essential to establishing an effective corporate criminal liability system that ensures legal certainty, justice, and public benefit.

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