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Hanif Amrulloh
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Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Published by Pandawa Institute
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27743047     DOI : 10.47352/jmans
Core Subject : Science, Education, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science (abbreviated as J. Multidiscip. Appl. Nat. Sci.) is a double-blind peer-reviewed journal for multidisciplinary research activity on natural sciences and their application on daily life. This journal aims to make significant contributions to applied research and knowledge across the globe through the publication of original, high-quality research articles in the following fields: 1) biology and environmental science 2) chemistry and material sciences 3) physical sciences and 4) mathematical sciences. The J. Multidiscip. Appl. Nat. Sci. is an open-access journal containing original research articles, review articles, and short communications in the areas related to applied natural science. The J. Multidiscip. Appl. Nat. Sci. publishes 2 issues in a year on January (first issue) and July (second issue). This journal has adopted a double-blind reviewing policy whereby both the referees and author(s) remain anonymous throughout the process.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 198 Documents
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Ridge and Liu-Type Estimators for Tobit SUR Model: Application to Air pollution Data Omara, Tarek Mahmoud
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Articles in Press
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.372

Abstract

This study extends the seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model through introducing the ridge (RTSUR) and Liu-Type (LTSUR) estimators as biased estimation techniques to address the problem of multicollinearity in the SUR Tobit (SURT) model. This study theoretically evaluates the superiority of the proposed estimators based on the mean square error (MSE) criterion. The results for the theoretically study showing that, the Liu-Type estimator outperforms other estimators under many conditions. A simulation study was conducted to compare the estimators under various factors. The results of simulation show that, the maximum likelihood (MLE) estimator is the worst estimator at all factors and the LTSUR and RTSUR estimators perform better at high levels of multicollinearity and censoring. The LTSUR still achieved a significant superiority over the RTSUR. In addition, when the number of observations in the equations increases, the performance of the LTSUR and RTSUR estimators improves. Moreover, the simulation mean squared errors (SMSE) values for LTSUR estimator converge as number of observation and censored level increase. To study the behavior of the proposed estimators on real data, we used weather data from Cairo city to examine their influence on pollution levels of carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The results from the real data were consistent with the findings from the simulation study.
Probabilistic Modeling of Annual Maximum Rainfall for Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curve Construction in the Mamminasata Region, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia Sanusi, Wahidah; Patahuddin, Sudarmin; Sidjara, Sahlan
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Articles in Press
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.373

Abstract

The evaluation of extreme rainfall events is crucial for the management and planning of water resources, particularly in the design of drainage systems and water storage reservoirs. Such evaluation can be carried out through the estimation of design rainfall, which is commonly represented as rainfall intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) data. The purpose of this study is not only to apply probabilistic models to annual maximum daily rainfall data but also to construct the IDF curves of rainfall in the Mamminasata region of South Sulawesi Province. This study utilizes annual maximum daily rainfall data obtained from the Water Resources, Human Settlements, Spatial Planning, and Development Office of South Sulawesi Province, as well as the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) of Indonesia. The dataset consists of observations from 8 rainfall stations in the Mamminasata region spanning 36 years, from 1989 to 2024. The methodology involves first determining the appropriate probability distribution for each rainfall station, followed by estimating rainfall intensity using the Mononobe method, and finally constructing the IDF curves based on the estimated design rainfall and rainfall intensities for different return periods. This study found that each regency or city within the Mamminasata region generally exhibits distinct rainfall probability distributions. This highlights the importance of evaluating multiple probabilistic models to appropriately characterize the variability and extremes rainfall pattern across different locations. Based on the IDF curve, the results indicate that the longer the rainfall duration, the lower the intensity. Likewise, the shorter the return period, the lower the corresponding intensity.
Dual Antifungal and Immunoregulatory Actions of Topical Silver Nanoparticles from Piper ornatum Extract in Cutaneous Candida albicans Infection Dewi, Firli Rahmah Primula; `Mustofa, Laila Al Azizi; Hamdin, Candra Dwipayana; Geraldi, Almando; Lim, Vuanghao; Pramudya, Manikya; Hayati, Alfiah; Hajar, Versa Rachmania
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Articles in Press
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.374

Abstract

Cutaneous Candida albicans infection is characterized by persistent inflammation, epidermal damage, and dysregulated immune responses. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as promising antifungal agents with additional immunomodulatory properties; however, their effects on skin pathology and local immune responses during candidiasis remain incompletely defined. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of a topical AgNP-based cream in a murine model of C. albicans–induced skin infection. AgNPs were green-synthesized using an aqueous leaf extract of Piper ornatum. A murine model of cutaneous C. albicans infection was established, and infected mice were treated topically with AgNP-based cream formulations at concentrations of 4% or 6%. Disease severity was assessed through macroscopic skin evaluation and histopathological analysis. Immune modulation was examined by flow cytometric analysis of CD4⁺ T-cell subsets expressing TNFα and IL-17, as well as CD11b⁺ myeloid cells expressing IL-6 and IL-10. Untreated infected mice exhibited severe cutaneous pathology, including persistent erythema, erosive lesions, epidermal hyperkeratosis, and acanthosis. These changes were accompanied by marked immune dysregulation, characterized by expansion of CD4⁺IL-17⁺ T-cells, suppression of TNFα-producing CD4⁺ T-cells, increased IL-6 expression, and reduced IL-10 production in CD11b⁺ myeloid cells. Topical AgNP treatment significantly ameliorated macroscopic and histological skin damage, restoring epidermal architecture toward normal. Immunologically, AgNP therapy attenuated pathological Th17 responses, reduced IL-6-producing myeloid cells, enhanced IL-10 expression, and maintained TNFα at controlled levels. Both AgNP concentrations were effective, with the 4% AgNP formulation showing slightly superior normalization of epidermal thickness and inflammatory markers. Overall, topical AgNP-based cream effectively alleviated cutaneous C. albicans infection by combining antifungal activity with coordinated immunomodulation of both adaptive and innate immune responses. By suppressing excessive IL-17– and IL-6–driven inflammation while promoting regulatory immune pathways, AgNP treatment supports tissue repair and immune homeostasis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic strategy for cutaneous candidiasis.
New Pyrrole-Chalcone Hybrids Against Acetylcholinesterase: Synthesis, In Vitro, and Computational Studies Ridwanuloh, Dadan; Danova, Ade; Hermawati, Elvira; Chavasiri, Warinthorn; Ihsanawati, Ihsanawati; Alni, Anita
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Articles in Press
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.375

Abstract

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition remains a central therapeutic approach for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as it helps preserve synaptic acetylcholine levels, enhances cholinergic neurotransmission, and mitigates early cognitive decline. In this study, eight novel pyrrole–chalcone hybrids (3–10), consisting of four pyrrole–chalcones (3–6) and four pyrrole–chalcone amides (7–10), were designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated for AChE inhibition. Among them, compound 8 (N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-pyrrole–chalcone amide) and compound 10 (N-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-pyrrole–chalcone amide) demonstrated the strongest inhibitory activity, with IC₅₀ values of 3.1 and 2.8 µM, respectively, comparable to galantamine. Kinetic assays confirmed that both compounds act as noncompetitive inhibitors, as indicated by reduced Vmax without significant alteration in Km, while compound 10 exhibited Ki of 0.8 µM, reflecting high enzyme affinity. Molecular docking revealed strong binding interactions of compounds 8 and 10 with key AChE residues (Trp84, Phe330, Tyr334), supported by π–π stacking, π–alkyl interactions, and hydrogen bonding, with binding energies of –9.2 (compound 8) and –8.9 kcal/mol (compound 10). Molecular dynamics simulations further demonstrated that compound 10 forms a more stable and compact complex with AChE, as indicated by consistent RMSD values and a stable radius of gyration. SwissADME analysis confirmed favorable pharmacokinetic profiles for both ligands, including Lipinski compliance, high GI absorption, and absence of PAINS alerts, despite the lack of predicted BBB permeability. Overall, compound 10 emerges as the most promising noncompetitive AChE inhibitor in this series, exhibiting strong binding affinity, structural stability, and drug-likeness, thus warranting further optimization and in vivo evaluation.
Evaluating the Potential of Agarose Hydrogel Incorporating Eggshell Powder as a Sustainable Medium for Seedling Growth Nuryantini, Ade Yeti; Mahen, Ea Cahya Septia; Oktaviani, Indri; Nuryadin, Bebeh Wahid; Edikresnha, Dhewa; Khairurrijal, Khairurrijal
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Articles in Press
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.376

Abstract

Hydrogels represent a promising alternative for plant cultivation, offering excellent water and nutrient retention. This study reports the synthesis and characterization of an agarose-based hydrogel composite enhanced with eggshell powder (ESP). The hydrogel composites were prepared in four agarose-to-ESP ratios: 10:0 (Hyd-ES0), 10:1 (Hyd-ES1), 10:3 (Hyd-ES3), and 10:5 (Hyd-ES5). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed minimal peak shifts, indicating no significant chemical modifications. Characteristic ESP peaks were identified in the composite hydrogels, confirming the effective integration of ESP into the agarose matrix. The addition of ESP reduced the decomposition rate of the hydrogels and increased macromolecular stability. Density measurements indicated higher density with increasing ESP concentration, supported by enhanced crystal formation, as evidenced by more intense diffraction peaks in X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Morphological analysis revealed that the porosity of the hydrogel, swelling, and weight-loss tests showed a decline in both properties with higher ESP content. Seed germination experiments demonstrated that stem, root, and leaf growth, as well as fresh and dry weights, were most optimal with the Hyd-ES1 hydrogel composite. Thus, Hyd-ES1 hydrogel exhibits significant potential as a medium for seed germination and plant growth.
Genetic Variation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Fungal Pathogens on Native Dendrobium in Lampung using DNA Barcoding Mahfut Mahfut; Sri Wahyuningsih; Arie Setya Putra
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.382

Abstract

Dendrobium is one of the flagship collections of Liwa Botanical Garden, as well as an endemic flora of southern Sumatra that requires conservation. One of the major challenges in its conservation and potential development is the identification of diseases. Molecular approaches employing genetic variation and phylogenetic analyses with DNA barcoding markers can serve as an effective alternative. Genetic variation analysis is required to evaluate the level of intra and interspecific diversity of pathogens, while phylogenetic analysis is necessary to determine the evolutionary relationships among pathogenic fungal species. This study provides insights into the evolutionary patterns and adaptive potential of pathogens to their hosts at the molecular level. A total of 6 out 10 samples showing fungal infection symptoms, such as rust spots, necrosis, and others, were collected. Amplification of two selected samples, D23 and D24, revealed specific bands of approximately 300 bp. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses indicated similarity to isolates of the genera Xylaria and Termitomyces, with sequence lengths ranging from 513 to 671 bp, respectively. Genetic variation analysis through haplotype grouping showed that isolate D23 clustered with the Xylariales group, while isolate D24 clustered with the Termitomyces group. The findings of this study enrich the sequence data of pathogenic fungi, although with a limited success rate, and provide a molecular basis for the accurate conservation of native Dendrobium in the Liwa Botanical Garden through protection against disease infections.
Synthesis, Structural, Spectroscopic, and DFT Characterization of a Thermodynamically Stable Bis(quercetin)copper(II) Complex and Its α-Amylase Inhibitory Activity Puteri Khansa Salsabila; Yusi Deawati; Regaputra Satria Janitra; Safri Ishmayana; Iman Permana Maksum; Yessi Permana; Yudha Prawira Budiman
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.383

Abstract

Quercetin (Q) is a dietary flavonol with promising antidiabetic activity but limited therapeutic utility due to poor solubility and low bioavailability. Herein, we report a temperature-controlled synthesis, structural characterization, and α-amylase inhibitory activity of a copper(II)–quercetin (CuQ) complex prepared from a 1:1 Cu(II):quercetin mixture in methanol at 65 °C. The characterization techniques include an elemental analysis (EA), AAS, TGA, MSB, UV-Vis, and FTIR. Elevated temperature predominantly affords a bis(quercetin)-Cu(II) complex, [Cu(H2O)(Q)2]·4H2O, supported by DFT calculations. Spectroscopic, thermal, and magnetic data are consistent with a proposed mononuclear Cu(II) structure, in which the metal center is coordinated by two quercetin ligands. DFT calculations suggest a thermodynamic preference for the complex, with the relative reaction free energy (ΔΔGoreaction = 32.93 kcal mol-1) representing the difference in Gibbs free energy change between the formation of CuQ 1:1 and 1:2 complexes, confirming the higher stability of CuQ 1:2. The complex exhibits enhanced α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 133 µM) compared to free quercetin (IC50 = 450 µM). The apparent IC50 value is reported alongside acarbose (IC50 = 148 µM) under identical assay conditions. These findings indicate that the coordination of Q with Cu(II) enhances the inhibitory activity of the α-amylase enzyme.
Multiphase Nanoparticles from Eggshell Waste as Antibacterial Agents Against Rice Blight in Lampung Rodhiansyah Djayasinga; Wasinton Simanjuntak; Sumardi Sumardi; Sutopo Hadi; Mimi Sugiarti; Hartanti Hartanti; Rudy Tahan Mangapul Situmeang
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.384

Abstract

This study reports the first isolation of an Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) strain, closely related to Enterobacter hormaechei (99.86% 16S rRNA identity), associated with bacterial blight symptoms in rice in Lampung, Indonesia. Acknowledging 16S rRNA limitations within ECC, species identification is reported cautiously, while pathogenicity profile fulfilled Modified Koch's Postulates. To address chemical bactericide limitations, we developed sustainable multiphase nanoparticles from chicken eggshell waste through mechanical and thermal decomposition approaches. The produced nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, TEM, FTIR, SEM-EDS, PSA, and UV-DRS. The results showed that the nanoparticles consisting of Ca(OH)2, CaO, and β-tricalcium phosphate, with a dimension of 11–31 nm (XRD) and 20–23 nm (TEM). The FT-IR/EDS data confirmed OH⁻, Ca, O, and P elements, while UV-DRS showed a bandgap energy of 5.96 eV. Descriptive statistical analysis (n=6) evaluated antibacterial activity via disk diffusion (20 µg/disk) against the ECC isolate, compared to ampicillin sulbactam (SAM 20). Nanoparticles yielded a mean inhibition zone of 10.06±0.02 mm for responsive replicates, demonstrating moderate activity. Within the zones, bacterial cells showed morphological damage, likely caused by Ca²⁺ and OH⁻ release, inducing membrane disruption and oxidative stress. Furthermore, spatially graded element distribution (Ca, O, P) and β-TCP as a controlled release matrix support sustained bioactivity. These findings reveal eggshell-derived nanoparticles as a promising, economical, and environmentally friendly antibacterial agent for sustainable rice disease management.
PVA/ZnO-Modified Bacterial Cellulose Acetate Membranes from Pineapple Peel Waste with Improved Thermal Stability, Antibacterial, and Filtration Performance Uun Yanuhar; Heru Suryanto; Joseph Selvi Binoj; Leong‑Seng Lim; Arumugam Kumaravel; Aminnudin Aminnudin; Fajar Nusantara; Defa Rizqi Machfuda; Komarudin Komarudin; Aulia Surya Ramadhan
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.429

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to create and assess bacterial cellulose acetate (BCA) membranes reinforced with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and mixed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). BCA membranes were made from pineapple peel biowaste and they contain 0.25 wt.% ZnO and PVA at 2.5 wt.% and 5.0 wt.%. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to observe the properties of membrane structure. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to examine the developed membrane's thermal degradation. Additionally, the filtration capabilities and antibacterial activity were examined. Furthermore, the membrane's morphology demonstrates that the addition of PVA results in denser surfaces, and ZnO was distributed without substantially changing the fiber's morphology. Similarly, the XRD analysis shows that as the PVA content increases, the crystallinity index decreases and the crystallite size slightly increases. Moreover, the thermal analysis demonstrated that PVA improves membrane stability by reducing the rate of mass loss. The PVA has a minor impact on antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. However, it appears that the ZnO content in the membrane was the source of the antibacterial activity. Besides, the brackish water filtration test revealed that the addition of PVA at 2.5 wt.% and 5.0 wt.%, respectively, enhanced the efficacy of bacterial filtration by 17.9 and 10.7 times. These results demonstrate that PVA/ZnO-modified BCA membranes are viable, environmentally friendly options for sustainable aquaculture and water filtration systems.
Modeling Lifetime Data using the Hybridization Rama Distribution: Construction, Properties, Bayesian Estimation with Real-World Applications Waleed M Afify; Eslam Abdelhakim Seyam; Ahmed E Khairalla; Emadeldin I A Ali; Said G Nassr; Ahmed Ramzy Shehata
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.430

Abstract

This article introduces a novel hybrid probability distribution, termed the hybridization Rama (Hyb-R) distribution, constructed by integrating the proportional hazard model (PHM) within the rank transmutation map (RTM) framework, using the Rama distribution as a baseline. The proposed model aims to enhance flexibility and improve the modeling of lifetime data with skewness and kurtosis properties that standard distributions often fail to capture. We derive and explore the structural properties of the Hyb-R distribution, including its density and distribution functions, survival characteristics, and statistical measures. Parameter estimation is conducted using both classical methods via maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and Bayesian methods under various loss functions (SEL, LINEX, and GEL), with implementation via the Metropolis-Hastings (MH) algorithm of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. A simulation study is performed to assess the accuracy and efficiency of the estimators. Results reveal that Bayesian estimators, particularly under informative priors and GEL, outperform MLEs in terms of lower mean square error and shorter credible intervals. The proposed Hyb-R model provides a flexible and effective alternative for modeling censored and real-world lifetime data.

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