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Krisni Subandyah
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Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FKUB (Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya). Jl. Jaksa Agung Suprapto No. 2 Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur, Indonesia
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INDONESIA
Pediatric Sciences Journal
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 27220427     EISSN : 27221474     DOI : https://doi.org/10.51559/pedscij
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Public Health
Pediatric Sciences Journal (PedSciJ) is published by the Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia, as an Open Access & Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Journal. The aims and scope of the Journal include pediatric, neonatal healthcare, and perinatology/ The Journal aims to bridge and integrate the intellectual, methodological, and substantive diversity of medical scholarship and to encourage a vigorous dialogue between medical scholars and practitioners. The Journal welcomes contributions that promote the exchange of ideas and rational discourse between practicing educators and medical researchers worldwide. Pediatric Sciences Journal (PedSciJ) publishes peer-reviewed clinical research articles, case reports, serial case reports, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and letters to the editor twice a year in June and December. Articles published in the Pediatric Sciences Journal (PedSciJ) embrace the full scope of the manuscript related to the health and diseases of infancy, neonates, children, adolescents, and those related to pediatric topics. The Journal also explores legal and ethical issues, neonatal technology, and product development based on COPE. The Journal’s audience includes all those that participate in perinatal/neonatal care, including, but not limited to neonatologists, perinatologists, perinatal epidemiologists, pediatricians, pediatric subspecialists, obstetrics, surgeons, neonatal and perinatal nurses, respiratory therapists, pharmacists, social workers, dieticians, speech and hearing experts, other allied health professionals, as well as subspecialists who participate in patient care including radiologists, laboratory medicine and pathologists
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
Articles 67 Documents
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A successful management of children with retroperitoneal abscess due to recurrent renal staghorn calculi Krisni Subandiyah; Astrid Kristina Kardani; Tita Luthfia Sari
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): (Available online: 1 June 2024)
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v5i1.46

Abstract

Introduction: A particular kind of urolithiasis known as "staghorn calculi" occurs when the calculus grows into the pelvis and renal calyces. It was characterised by fast growth, which might progress to kidney damage and result in other consequences if left untreated. Although the disease's clinical presentation in paediatric patients might be non-specific, it still dramatically raises morbidity and death rates. This case report aimed to identify the risk factors, clinical manifestation, and treatment of children with retroperitoneal abscesses due to recurrent renal calculi. Case description: We describe a case of a young woman with severe acute malnourishment who had a history of painful swelling in her left renal angle after contracting a urinary tract infection. A radiological examination revealed a massive staghorn calculus in the left kidney with significant hydronephrosis, resulting in a retroperitoneal abscess. The patient had surgical treatment along with free drainage of 1000 millilitres of pus. The systemic antibiotic was given as urosepsis treatment. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and placement of a double-J catheter were performed as definitive treatment for staghorn calculi three months later. Interestingly, it was the second episode of urolithiasis in this patient in 10 years. Malnourishment and recurrent Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) may be predisposing factors to staghorn calculi and perirenal abscess. Conclusion: Considering its significant problem, early evaluation, treatment, and prevention of recurrence were essential to decrease morbidity and mortality in pediatric urolithiasis.
Efficacy of ketogenic diet therapy in infants with epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis Tejaputri, Nadzila Anindya; Maryam, Salsabiila; Clarisa, Dina; Amelia, Putri
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): (Available online: 1 December 2023)
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v4i2.51

Abstract

Introduction: The ketogenic diet therapy, a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet, has been known since the 1920s as a therapeutic option in treating drug-resistant epilepsy. However, with the increasing incidence of the infant population, research on this subject is still limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ketogenic diet therapy in infants with epilepsy. Methods: We searched the articles from Cochrane Library, Embase, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus, based on predetermined inclusion criteria. Four investigators independently performed screening, study selection, extracted data, and assessed the quality of relevant articles. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale to assess the risk of bias in included articles. We present the results of the meta-analysis using a forest plot. Results: We identified 1781 studies from database screening, with eight cohort studies in this study. Our meta-analysis revealed that an estimate of 69% of infants with epilepsy achieved ≥50% seizure reduction in three months follow-up (95% confidence interval [CI] 56- 82%) and an estimate of 36% of infants achieved seizure freedom (95% confidence interval [CI] 20- 51%). Retention rates ranged from 91% at three months to 28% at 24 months. The most common side effects reported were dyslipidemia (131/355, 36.9%), gastrointestinal disturbances (66/355, 18.6%), and hyperkeratosis/acidosis (42/355, 11.8%). Conclusion: Ketogenic diet therapy is well tolerated and effectively reduces seizure frequency at three months in infants with epilepsy.
Comparison efficacy and safety sodium valproate versus combination sodium valproate and levetiracetam for treatment epilepsy in children: a meta-analysis Gasti, Detria Rahma; Hapsari, Aulia Sita; Ulifah, Karima Iffani
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): (Available online: 1 December 2023)
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v4i2.54

Abstract

Background: The most prevalent severe neurological condition, impacting more than 50 million individuals globally, is epilepsy. A new anti-epileptic drug (AED) called levetiracetam (LEV) has shown promise as an adjuvant treatment for children's treatment-resistant partial-onset seizures. Sodium valproate (SV) is a commonly used anti-epileptic medication that has a range of effects and a distinct mode of action. Combining LEV and SV has emerged as a viable clinical treatment plan. This study aimed to use meta-analysis to estimate the safety and effectiveness of LEV with SV in pediatric epilepsy patients. Methods: From January 1993 to April 2023, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and ScienceDirect were searched. The included literature consisted of randomized controlled clinical trials that examined the use of SV in conjunction with LEV in pediatric epileptic patients. This meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines. The statistical program used for the meta-analysis was Revman V.5.4.1. Results: From 568 original titles screened, data were extracted from 3 studies (n=303). Compared with SV alone, SV combined with LEV significantly improved the overall therapeutic effect of epilepsy (OR=0.80; 95%CI= 0.72-0.89; p<0.0001). The observation group significantly reduced the occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of nausea and vomiting (OR=2.77; 95%CI=1.08-7.09; p=0.03). Conclusion: According to this meta-analysis, SV plus LEV considerably increased the overall therapeutic effect of epilepsy while concurrently lowering the incidence of ADRs when compared to SV alone. Thus, for treating epilepsy in children, we advise SV in conjunction with LEV.
Necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, and diarrhea due to cow's milk allergy in a full-term infant with Hypothyroidism: a case report Arumndari, Runi; Putri, Asterisa Retno; Liman, Claudia Natasha; Suryaningsih, Putu Siska
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): (Available online: 1 December 2023)
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v4i2.58

Abstract

Introduction: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains one of neonates' most common gastrointestinal diseases. NEC is allegedly to be a multifactorial disease. Some of the predisposing factors are cow’s milk formula (CMF) feeding or not being breast-fed from birth, sepsis, and Hypothyroidism. Case: An 8-day-old full-term baby girl was admitted with an initial diagnosis of sepsis and acute diarrhea due to cow's milk allergy. She had never been breast-fed from birth. She also had a fever, signs of mild-to-moderate dehydration, a C-Reactive Protein (CRP) level at 114, leukocyte 6.280/ul, platelet counts 477.000/ul, and fat on the stool test. She was given Cefotaxime, probiotics, zinc, and a hypoallergenic milk formula. Her condition worsened on the 4th day of hospitalization. She showed abdominal distention, bradypnea, and vomiting. She was then fasting, required a nasal cannula oxygen, and undergone several laboratory examinations showing leukocyte 4.980/ul, platelet count 54.300/ul, and a positive fecal occult blood test. An abdominal x-ray showed an increased bowel gas. She was then diagnosed with grade I NEC, and the antibiotic was changed to Meropenem, added with Metronidazole. She also undergone a thyroid hormone screening, had a TSH level of 6.36 and FT4 1.23, and thus was given Levothyroxine. Her condition improved gradually. After being given Meropenem for 7 days, she was discharged on the 12th day of hospitalization in good condition. Two days later, during the clinic’s follow-up, she was in good health, and it was planned that she would do a follow-up examination for thyroid hormones a month later. Conclusion: Cow’s milk allergy can be severe enough to develop sepsis. Meanwhile, both are predisposing factors for NEC. Hypothyroidism can also be a predisposing factor by causing a decrease in intestinal motility, which plays a role in bacterial overgrowth. A study in animals showed that bacteria play an important role in the development of NEC because NEC will not occur in a germ-free environment but can only develop after exposure to microbes. Conservative treatment for NEC includes broad-spectrum antibiotics, bowel rest, and abdominal decompression.
Correlation between nutritional status, leukocyte levels, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio to the incidence of respiratory failure in children under five years of age with pneumonia at Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Hospital, Samarinda Ainurfaiz Fiqridiyanto; Rachmi, Eva; Muhyi, Annisa
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): (Available online: 1 June 2024)
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v5i1.63

Abstract

Background: The most common infectious infection-related fatality in children under five worldwide is pneumonia, an acute infection of the lung parenchyma. Hypoxemia can induce respiratory failure and pneumonia-related deaths. For children with pneumonia under five years old, several possible predictors, including nutritional status, leukocyte counts, and the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (RNL), can be used to forecast respiratory failure. Because these three criteria are common tests that can be employed in basic healthcare institutions, they are promising predictors. This study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional status, leukocyte levels, and RNL on the incidence of respiratory failure in children under five years of age with pneumonia at Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Hospital, Samarinda. Methods: The research design is case-control. All children with pneumonia under five years old receiving treatment at Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Hospital Samarinda from January to December 2022 made up the study population. Purposive sampling was used to carry out the sampling. The patient's medical record provides the information. Independent T-test and Chi-square test were used to assess the data. Forty patients in all; 20 were case samples, and 20 were control samples. Results: The results showed that the incidence of respiratory failure was related to nutritional status (OR=0.07; p=0.000; 95% CI 0.01 – 0.35), leukocyte levels (OR=35.28; p=0.000; 95% CI 3.86 – 321.98), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (p=0.036). Conclusion: Malnutrition and poor nutritional status, high leukocyte levels, and high RNL have the potential to be predictors of respiratory failure in toddlers with pneumonia.
Comprehensive management for the improved outcome of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn in a one-day-old baby girl: a case report Koentartiwi, Dyahris; Ramadhanti, Ardhanis; Amalia, Najwa
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): (Available online: 1 December 2023)
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v4i2.64

Abstract

Introduction: Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is characterized by an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), caused by failure of circulatory adaptation within minutes after delivery. Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) can lead to severe respiratory distress and hypoxemia. Newborns with PPHN are at high risk of severe asphyxia and its complications. This study aims to present a comprehensive assessment and treatment of newborn PPHN that might be applicable in any hospital setting. Case description: A one-day-old baby girl came to the emergency room with the chief complaint of cyanosis since birth. The baby was born with oxygen, with pre-ductal and post-ductal differentiation of 5%. The baby showed weak crying movements and inadequate spontaneous breathing, indicating persistent respiratory distress and a chest x-ray revealed pneumonia. The echocardiogram showed a bidirectional secundum, an atrial septal defect, moderate patent ductus arteriosus, and severe pulmonary hypertension. Sputum culture showed Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL). Comprehensive management was given to the patient. After several days of hospitalization, the patient was discharged in good condition. Conclusion: PPHN is associated with high morbidity and mortality in newborns. Comprehensive evaluation and management of PPHN and control of any comorbid conditions must be performed to improve patient outcomes.
Assessing the relationship between anthropometric factors and refractive errors in school-age children: height, weight, or BMI? Risnanda, Muhammad Rafi; Anandita, Nanda Wahyu; Koentartiwi, Dyahris; Wulandari, Lely Retno
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): (Available online: 1 June 2024)
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v5i1.68

Abstract

Introduction: Refractive errors (RE) are the leading cause of visual impairment and disability among children globally. Limited research exists on the relationship between anthropometric measures and refractive errors. This study aims to determine the correlation between weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and refractive errors in children. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed purposive sampling in orphanages across Malang City. Participants were selected based on specific inclusion criteria. Data on their weight, height, BMI, and types of refractive errors were collected as ordinal data. Refractive errors were measured objectively using an auto-refractometer, categorizing refractive errors as myopia and hyperopia based on spherical equivalent results. To minimize subjective bias, we utilized a large sample size and established clear inclusion and exclusion criteria. Additionally, we defined operational definitions for each standardized measurement to ensure consistency and accuracy. Statistical analyses were conducted using an unpaired T-test and Spearman’s correlation test with SPSS software. Results: A total of 362 participants aged 5–18 were included in the study, with 284 participants diagnosed with myopia and 78 with hyperopia. No significant differences were observed in mean body weight, height, or BMI between the myopia and hyperopia groups. Spearman's correlation test indicated no significant relationship between refractive errors and body weight (p > 0.05), height (p > 0.05), or BMI (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The study found no significant correlation between anthropometric status and the presence of refractive errors in children. Future research should consider more diverse settings and explore additional risk factors contributing to the prevalence of refractive abnormalities in children.
The Effectiveness of Analgesics in Pain Treatment in Critically Ill Children: a Literature Review Taufiq Kadafi, Kurniawan; Yuliarto, Saptadi; Jihan Ruhi Said, Astika; Khalasha, Takhta
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): (Available online: 1 December 2023)
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v4i2.71

Abstract

Adequate pain management is an important and common requirement in health care in pediatric intensive care units. There are many pain assessment scales in children based on the literature, but the guidelines for using pain scales as a guide in pain management have not been widely discussed. One of the most common pain interventions is to provide opioid or non-opioid analgesics. Analgesic drugs given to critically ill children can provide different anti-pain outcomes when measured by a pain scale. Therefore, this literature review will compare the effectiveness of analgesics in pain management in critically ill children.
The correlation between body mass index and intraocular pressure in children without Down syndrome and children with Down syndrome Rizqillah, Aliyah Faiza; Wulandari, Lely Retno; Dewi, Nadia Artha; Anandita, Nanda Wahyu
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): (Available online: 1 June 2024)
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v5i1.75

Abstract

Background: Intraocular Pressure (IOP) is the fluid pressure in the eye. Primarily, IOP is influenced by the production and drainage of aqueous humor. The IOP value is in the normal range if the production and drainage of aqueous humor are balanced so that IOP homeostasis must be maintained. Eye dysfunction can occur if the production and drainage of aqueous humour are not balanced. IOP can be influenced by factors such as Body Mass Index (BMI). This study aims to find out whether there is a correlation between BMI and IOP in children without Down syndrome and children with Down syndrome, where children with Down syndrome have one of the eye manifestations in the form of steep and thin corneas which could be one of the factors causing affect the results of IOP measurements. Methods: The research method used is quantitative-observational with a cross-sectional approach. The total research sample used in this study was 101 children aged 0 to 18 years, with details of 79 children without Down syndrome and 22 children with Down syndrome. Data were processed using the Mann-Whitney hypothesis test and T-test, as well as the Spearman correlation test. Results: The results of the study showed that there was a difference in IOP between children without Down syndrome and children with Down syndrome (p < 0.1), there was a difference in BMI results on IOP in children without Down syndrome and children with Down syndrome (p < 0.1), and there was no correlation between BMI and IOP in children without Down syndrome (p > 0.1). It was found that there was a correlation between BMI and IOP in children with Down syndrome (p < 0.1). It was stated that BMI contributed 91.7% to the increase in IOP. Conclusion: there was a significant difference in IOP and BMI results on IOP between children with and without Down syndrome. There was no correlation between BMI and IOP in children without Down syndrome, but there was a correlation between BMI and IOP in children with Down syndrome.
COVID-19 vaccine for adolescents with chronic disease or disabilities Tjahjono, Harjoedi Adji; Almiradani, Ayunda; Salim, Irfan Agus; Mutaqi, Fadilah; Ariani; Wulandari, Hajeng
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): (Available online: 1 December 2023)
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v4i2.77

Abstract

Background: Indonesia has a relatively high number of COVID-19 cases and mortalities, including children and adolescents groups. Vaccination coverage for these groups is currently low, especially in the population of children with disabilities and special needs, due to the difficulty of assisting them. The objective of this study was to share the data on the COVID-19 vaccine for adolescents with chronic diseases or disabilities. Methods: This descriptive study uses data collected from two hospitals in September 2021. We analyzed the patients' characteristics, age groups, diagnoses, comorbidities, and adverse events following immunization (AEFI) of the adolescents injected with the COVID-19 vaccine. Results: From a total of 94 adolescents, 51 have disabilities, and 43 have chronic disease. Disabilities include children with special needs (54%), attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (4%), autism (11%), cerebral palsy (4%), and Down syndrome (27%). The accompanying chronic diseases vary widely, such as diabetes mellitus (28%), asthma (14%), rheumatic heart disease (14%) and thalassemia (14%). There were 6 patients found to have AEFI. Three of them have diabetes mellitus, the other two patients have thalassemia, and the other one patient has Down syndrome. Varies AEFIs were found, including fever, drowsiness, weakness, dizziness, hunger, and itching. All symptoms were improved within hours and did not require hospitalization. Conclusion: Adolescents with disabilities and chronic diseases require special assistance and extra care during vaccination. The COVID-19 vaccine is relatively safe for adolescents in these groups without significant side effects.

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