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Journal of Social Research
Published by CV. International Journal Labs
ISSN : 28279832     EISSN : 2828335x     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55324
Core Subject : Economy, Humanities, Science, Education, Social,
Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences
The Journal of Social Research is a double blind peer-reviewed academic journal and open access to social and scientific fields. The journal is published monthly by International Journal Labs. The Journal of Social Research provides a means for sustained discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scopes of the journal which can be examined empirically. The journal publishes research articles covering all aspects of social sciences, ranging from Management, Economics, Culture, Law, Public Health, and Education that belong to the social context.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 1,446 Documents
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The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Lowering the Pulse Rate of Isitirahat in Women Over 40 Years of Age Who Work Indoors Regina Safira Patricia; Prima Arundani; Dody Taruna; Asami Rietta Kumala
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i3.3068

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of aerobic exercise on reducing resting heart rate in women over 40 years old who work indoors. This research employed an experimental quantitative design with a one-group pre-test–post-test approach. The sample consisted of 30 women aged over 40 years who worked indoors and met the inclusion criteria. The intervention involved low-impact aerobic exercise performed for four weeks, three times per week, for 30 minutes per session. Resting heart rate was measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the paired sample t-test after fulfilling the Shapiro–Wilk normality test. The results showed that the average resting heart rate before aerobic exercise was 80.50 bpm and decreased to 73.07 bpm after the intervention. The reduction of 7.43 bpm was statistically significant (p = 0.000), indicating cardiovascular adaptations such as increased parasympathetic activity and improved cardiac efficiency. Aerobic exercise has a significant effect on reducing resting heart rate in women over 40 years old who work indoors. Regular aerobic exercise for four weeks is effective in improving cardiac efficiency and cardiovascular fitness.
Analysis of the Influence of it Affordance in Live Commerce on Tiktok Shop Applications on Purchase Decisions in DKI Jakarta Zhafirah Lavinia; Eko Budi Santoso
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i3.3070

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technology and social media has driven the transformation of electronic commerce models through the adoption of Live commerce. TikTok Shop is one of the platforms that integrates the live streaming feature as a medium for interaction and transactions between sellers and consumers. However, the effectiveness of technological features in Live commerce is still influenced by the psychological responses of consumers during the shopping process. This study aims to analyze the effect of IT affordance, which consists of visibility, metavoicing, and shopping guidance, on purchasing decisions in TikTok Shop Live commerce in the DKI Jakarta province, with perceptions of comfort and consumer confidence as mediating variables. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method involving TikTok Shop consumers in DKI Jakarta who have made purchases through the Live commerce feature. Primary data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with the help of SmartPLS software. The results showed that all dimensions of IT affordance significantly affect perceptions of comfort and consumer confidence. Furthermore, perceptions of comfort and consumer confidence have been shown to significantly influence purchasing decisions and act as mediating variables in the relationship between IT affordance and purchasing decisions. Within the Stimulus–Organism–Response (S-O-R) framework, IT affordance serves as the stimulus, perceptions of consumer comfort and confidence as the organism, and purchase decision as the response.
SWOT Analysis with IFAS-EFAS Approach: A Case Study of Human Resource Management at Indonesian Customs and Excise Firul Zubaid Affandi; Risyad Fahri Murfid; Rafli Pratama; Dian Furghoni; Sarinah Sihombing
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i3.3074

Abstract

This research analyzes the strategic management of human resources (HR) in the Indonesian Customs and Excise Organization through the integration of the SWOT method with a quantitative approach using IFAS (Internal Factor Analysis Summary) and EFAS (External Factor Analysis Summary). The study employs a qualitative descriptive methodology based on evidence from academic journals and organizational documents from 2020 to 2025. Through the analysis of 15 academic journals and Customs documents, this research identifies internal strategic factors: strategic mandate (weight 0.20; rating 3.5), merit-based recruitment (0.18; 3.0), competency development (0.17; 3.0), integrity awareness (0.22; 3.5), and technology infrastructure (0.15; 2.5), with a total IFAS score of 2.81. External opportunities include administrative reform (0.20; 3.5), HR technology adoption (0.18; 3.0), integrity standard improvement (0.22; 3.5), national talent pool (0.15; 2.5), and international collaboration (0.15; 2.5). External threats include endemic corruption (0.25; 3.5), geographical challenges (0.22; 3.0), private sector competition (0.20; 3.0), ethical leadership say-do gap (0.18; 2.5), and resistance to change (0.15; 2.0), with a total EFAS score of 2.86. The results of the study show that the IFAS-EFAS-based approach, supported by empirical evidence from journals, produces specific strategic positioning, facilitates objective decision-making, and provides actionable and context-specific TOWS strategy recommendations. The research concludes that the implementation of a holistic approach integrating ethical leadership, merit-based recruitment systems, competency-based human resource development, and digital transformation is the optimal strategy for strengthening the competitive position of the Customs and Excise Organization in the face of multidimensional HR challenges.
Implementation of Government Procurement Policy for Local MSMEs in the Context of Regional Economic Stimulus of Cirebon Regency Halimatussa’diyah Halimatussa’diyah; Endang Sutrisno; Ipik Permana
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i4.3079

Abstract

This study was motivated by the low involvement of local MSMEs in the Government Goods/Services Procurement (PBJP) policy in Cirebon Regency, even though national regulations—particularly Presidential Regulation No. 12 of 2021—require a minimum allocation of 40% of government spending for MSMEs. This condition shows that the implementation of the policy has not functioned optimally as an instrument of local economic empowerment. This study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of PBJP for MSMEs and examine the construction of MSME empowerment mechanisms through this policy in the context of regional economic stimulus. The method used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive design through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving the Cooperative and MSME Office apparatus and MSME actors. The results of the study show that the implementation of PBJP is still not optimal, as reflected in the low level of MSME participation (around 19% of 31,054 MSMEs), limitations in supporting regional regulations, lack of policy literacy, and uneven technical assistance. However, a high level of commitment was found among the implementing officials, and there were positive impacts on the MSMEs that had been involved, such as increased turnover and expansion of market networks. The study concludes that the effectiveness of PBJP as an SME empowerment instrument requires strengthening local regulations, increasing the capacity of implementing agencies and SMEs, and expanding access to information and assistance so that the stimulus can be maximized.
Loanwords as Cultural Representation: Indonesian Lexicon of “Durian” in Mandarin Chinese Kumala Dewi Wundari; Fransiska Wiratikusuma
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i3.3080

Abstract

The relationship between Indonesia and China left tangible imprints on the Mandarin lexicon. One such trace can be found in the loanword ?? (liúlián), which refers to durian. This article examines the loanword as a product of non-colonial language contact and as a reflection of how cultural experiences from Southeast Asia—particularly Indonesia—have been introduced into and utilised within Mandarin Chinese. The study approaches loanwords not merely as matters of linguistic form, but as part of a broader process of cultural meaning-making. This research adopts a qualitative approach that integrates historical analysis, structural linguistic analysis, and perspectives from cultural linguistics. The data are drawn from authoritative Mandarin dictionaries, modern Mandarin texts, and historical sources discussing maritime trade and the mobility of Chinese communities in Southeast Asia in earlier periods. Through this approach, the analysis focuses on the origin of the term, the ways in which Mandarin adapts foreign sounds and characters, and the cultural meanings associated with the use of ?? (liúlián) in Mandarin. The findings indicate that the incorporation of ?? (liúlián) into Mandarin was not driven solely by the need to name a foreign object, but was closely tied to direct experience through trade and socio-cultural interaction. In Mandarin, ?? (liúlián) does not merely denote a tropical fruit known for its distinctive aroma; rather, it serves as a living record of historical connections and cross-cultural exchange, as well as a symbol of longstanding ties and mutual engagement between Southeast Asian societies and China.
Exploring the Impact of Twin-Block Appliances on Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Sleep Quality in Children: A Scoping Review Intan Winari; Meirina Gartika
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i4.3082

Abstract

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), including conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), poses a serious concern in children due to its negative effects on cognition, behavior, and overall well-being. One of the underlying causes of SDB is mandibular skeletal deficiency, which is frequently observed in Class II malocclusion. The Twin-Block appliance, a functional orthodontic device, has been explored for its ability to advance the mandible and potentially improve airway patency and sleep-related physiological parameters. This scoping review aimed to explore and summarize the breadth of existing evidence concerning the influence of Twin-Block treatment on pediatric SDB and sleep quality. A comprehensive search, guided by the participants, interventions, comparisons, outcomes, and study design (PICOS) framework, was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect for studies published between 2015 and 2025. Abstracts, eligible full texts, and reference lists were screened, and all reported primary and non-primary outcomes, as well as methods of measurement, were recorded. Eligible studies included clinical and observational research assessing outcomes such as the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), blood oxygen saturation, airway morphology, and aspects of sleep architecture. The review process followed Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodological guidance for scoping reviews. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria, most of which demonstrated positive changes following Twin-Block intervention, including reduced AHI, improved oxygen saturation, enlarged upper airway dimensions, and enhanced sleep quality. However, discrepancies in research designs, intervention protocols, and measurement tools contributed to substantial variability across studies. Twin-Block therapy may provide a beneficial complementary approach to managing SDB in children, especially those with mandibular deficiencies. Nonetheless, more rigorous and standardized studies are necessary to confirm its effectiveness and support its broader application in clinical practice.
Equity of Financial Protection Under National Health Insurance: A Concentration Index Analysis in East Nusa Tenggara Muhammad Aslam Muwaffiq; Gilang Ramadhan; Antokalina Sari Verdiana; Dina Anjayani
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i5.3090

Abstract

This study addresses the challenge of financial protection under Universal Health Coverage (UHC), particularly in the context of Indonesia’s National Health Insurance (JKN) program. Although JKN has expanded access to healthcare services, evidence indicates that insurance coverage does not always prevent households from experiencing Catastrophic Health Expenditure (CHE), especially in geographically disadvantaged regions such as East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the equity of financial protection by examining the incidence and socioeconomic distribution of CHE among households in NTT. This study employed a quantitative approach using secondary microdata from the 2025 National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS), covering 13,063 households. CHE is defined as out-of-pocket health expenditure exceeding 40% of non-food expenditure. Households are ranked using an asset-based Wealth Index, and inequality is analyzed using the Concentration Index (CI) and Concentration Curve. The results show that 16.89% of households experienced CHE, indicating substantial financial vulnerability. The findings reveal a dual inequity pattern: CHE is concentrated among the poorest households for subsidized beneficiaries (negative CI), while among non-subsidized participants, it is concentrated among the wealthiest (positive CI), reflecting different spending behaviours. In conclusion, JKN has not fully achieved equitable financial protection. Policy interventions should address both access-related costs for the poor and service quality gaps to improve system effectiveness
The Structure of State Ministries in Indonesia's Presidential System: Prohibition of Dual Positions for Deputy Ministers Rahmat Saputra; Salha Marasaoly; Andika Adhyaksa
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i3.3091

Abstract

This research aims to find out the extent of the effectiveness of the implementation of the ban on dual positions for Deputy Ministers in Indonesia. Deputy Ministers (Wamen) in the Indonesian government system were formed to assist the Minister to improve the effectiveness of state administration. This is in line with the provisions of Article 23 of Law Number 39 of 2008 concerning State Ministries, that Ministers and Deputy Ministers are prohibited from holding concurrent positions. However, in practice, this shows that there is several Deputy Ministers who are still holding dual positions. This research uses a normative research method with a legislative approach. The legal materials used in this study include primary legal materials consisting of relevant laws and regulations and legal documents, as well as secondary legal materials in the form of books, journals, and print and online media that are directly related to the research object. All these legal materials are collected through literature study techniques. Furthermore, the collected data is analyzed using a descriptive method to provide an in-depth and systematic explanation. The results of this study show that there are still many Deputy Ministers who hold dual positions in the SOE sector. The non-compliance of the Deputy Ministers shows arrogance and abuse of power in exercising their authority. Of course, this is contrary to existing regulations and mandates from the Constitution.
Development of a Smart Village Application to Support Local Administration and Public Service Delivery in Vaviquinea Village, Maubara Municipality Jaime Da C.L. Soares; Apolinario dos Santos; Armindo da Costa; Cristiano C. Abel; Constantino F.S. Amaral
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i5.3092

Abstract

Digital transformation in rural governance is crucial for improving administrative efficiency and the quality of public services, particularly in areas with limited infrastructure. Currently, most administrative processes at the Desa level are still conducted manually, resulting in data fragmentation, prolonged service times, and limited access to information. This study aims to design, develop, and implement a web-based Smart Village application in Desa Vaviquinea, Maubara Administrative Post, Timor-Leste. A Research and Development (R&D) approach was employed using the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) framework, which includes requirements analysis, system design, implementation, functional testing, and user evaluation. Data were collected through field observations, semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and user questionnaires (N = 50; 10 Desa staff and 40 community members). The application integrates population data management, administrative letter services, dissemination of public information, as well as online application submissions and complaint handling. Evaluation results indicate a 60% reduction in processing time, a 2% error rate, and a user satisfaction score of 4.2 out of 5, demonstrating improvements in administrative efficiency, transparency, and responsiveness. This study presents a contextual Smart Village model for rural areas in Timor-Leste and can be replicated in other Desas with similar characteristics .
Environmental Impact Reduction Analysis on PT XYZ Asphalt Production using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Analytical Hierarchy Process Method (AHP) Putri Tandriani Sundana; Udisubakti Ciptomulyono
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i3.3098

Abstract

Research was conducted on the environmental impact analysis of the asphalt production process at PT XYZ, with the aim of identifying and determining the magnitude of the environmental impact of asphalt production. It also aimed to identify alternative strategies to reduce the environmental impact of asphalt production. The data used consists of primary and secondary data. The analysis method to determine the magnitude of the environmental impact of asphalt production was carried out using the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) method with the ReCiPe 2026 Midpoint and Endpoint methods. Meanwhile, the analysis of the environmental impact reduction program was carried out using the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method with Expert Choice 11. The production process of 1 metric ton of asphalt distributed at PT XYZ produces endpoint impacts including human health of 63,062.033 Pt, ecosystem of 8,440.988 Pt, and resources of 72.541 Pt. Meanwhile, the most dominant midpoint impact is global warming, with a characterization value of 5,360,044.8 kg CO? eq. The unit with the highest impact contribution is the storage unit, due to its high electricity consumption. Uncertainty analysis or Monte Carlo simulation was performed on the data using the dataset. Based on the uncertainty analysis conducted on the grave, it is known that 1 metric ton of distributed asphalt produces an ecosystem environmental impact of between 171,651.00 and 417,824.27 Pt, human health between 2,181,108.80 and 3,917,701.50 Pt, and resource between 117,301.19 and 243,365.28 Pt. The environmental program priority selected through the AHP method is the “Automation of Heater Switch On/Off Shutdown with Temperature Sensor” program. This program can reduce the midpoint global warming impact by 16.7%, the endpoint human health impact by 16.7%, and the ecosystem impact by 16.7%.

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