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Jurnal Pijar MIPA
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 19071744     EISSN : 24601500     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Mathematics Physics
Jurnal Pijar MIPA (e-ISSN: 2460-1500 & p-ISSN: 1907-1744) is an open-access scientific periodical journal published by the Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA publishes original articles on current issues and trends in mathematics-science-science education studies. In addition, this journal addresses issues concerning environmental education and environmental science. The journal scopes are: a. Physics and Physics Education b. Chemistry and Chemistry Education c. Biology and Biology Education d. Natural Science and Science Education e. Mathematics and Mathematics Education f. Environmental and Environmental Education
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 30 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)" : 30 Documents clear
A Comparative Study of the Antioxidant Activities of Black Goji Berry (Lycium Ruthenicum) and Chinese Jujube (Zizyphus Jujube Mill.), and their Combination Rastiti, Ida Ayu Anom; Strisanti, Ida Ayu Suptika; Sintyadewi, Putu Rima
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10007

Abstract

Oxidative stress, which arises from an imbalance between free radicals and the body’s antioxidant defences, is a major factor in the development of degenerative diseases, making the search for natural antioxidants an important area of research. Black goji berry (Lycium ruthenicum) is known to be rich in anthocyanins and polyphenols, while Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) contains high levels of vitamin C, flavonoids, and polysaccharides; both have been traditionally used in herbal medicine and are considered promising natural antioxidants. This research is the first study that examines the synergistic antioxidant effect of black goji berry and Chinese jujube. An experimental laboratory study was conducted with five treatment groups consisting of Chinese jujube (100%); black goji berry (100%); black goji berry 75% : Chinese jujube 25%; black goji berry 25% : Chinese jujube 75%; and black goji berry 50% : Chinese jujube 50%. Infusion samples were analyzed for antioxidant activity, and data were further analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. The results demonstrated significant differences in antioxidant activity among treatments (p < 0.05). Chinese jujube exhibited the weakest activity with an IC50 value of 35,695.24 ppm, while the 50:50 combination of black goji berry and Chinese jujube showed the strongest activity with an IC50 of 1,605.07 ppm. Groups containing black goji berry, either alone or in combination, consistently displayed better radical scavenging activity than Chinese jujube alone. These findings indicate that both black goji berry and Chinese jujube possess antioxidant potential; however, their combination, particularly in equal proportions, enhances this effect, suggesting a synergistic interaction. The results support the potential of these herbal mixtures as a complementary source of antioxidants to mitigate oxidative stress and prevent chronic diseases. They also highlight the value of studying plant combinations rather than single extracts.
Solution of the Sir Epidemic Model for the Spread of Tuberculosis Using the Fourth Order Runge-Kutta and Milne Method Hurit, Roberta Uron; Lapeng, Veronica; Muaraya, Irwanius P.
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10083

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease of the human respiratory tract caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The bacteria that cause TB are a type of bacillus bacteria that are very strong, so it takes a long time to treat this TB disease. This research is a literature study examining the mathematical model of SIR in TB disease. This research involves several stages, including the numerical integration of the SIR model, converting the resulting model into a computer programming language, performing numerical simulations, and observing solution graphs. This study aims to solve the SIR model of tuberculosis transmission using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and the Milne method. The resulting SIR model is a nonlinear differential equation model. The object of research in this study is the SIR Mathematical Model. The procedure for creating the SIR mathematical model consists of seven steps: case identification, establishing assumptions, creating the mathematical model, model analysis, model interpretation, model validation, and using the model. The research method employed is a literature study approach with a numerical component. Simulations were carried out twice for each method. The results of the numerical simulation in the MATLAB program show that both methods produce solutions with similar behaviour. However, in theory, the Milne method has a higher level of accuracy than the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The graph also shows that a population/individual suffering from tuberculosis will recover over time, assuming they undergo treatment or adopt a healthy lifestyle. The infection population will experience a decline towards an equilibrium point as time passes.
The Effect of Jackfruit Seed (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk) and Mung Bean (Vigna radiata) Composite Flour Fortification on Protein Content and Acceptability of Crackers Paramita, Ni Wayan Nadia; Widnyani, Ida Ayu Putu Ary; Rabani RS, I Gusti Agung Yogi; Sintyadewi, Putu Rima; Putra, Anak Agung Ngurah Dwi Ariesta Wijaya
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10021

Abstract

Adequate balance of nutrient intake is crucial due to its biological functions in supporting growth and muscle formation, particularly protein. Jackfruit seeds and mung beans are high-protein raw materials with potential for incorporation into protein-enriched foods, such as crackers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of jackfruit seed–mung bean composite flour fortification on protein content and sensory acceptability, and to identify the optimal fortification ratio in crackers. This experimental study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments representing different wheat-to-composite flour ratios. Data were analyzed using one‐way ANOVA to test for significant differences, followed by Duncan’s multiple range test to identify the best treatment. Findings indicated that the highest protein content (11.13 %) was achieved in treatment P5 (50 % wheat flour: 50% composite flour). Panellists rated color at 3.93 (like), aroma at 3.56 (like), texture at 3.86 (like), taste at 3.63 (like), and overall acceptability at 3.70 (like). The optimal fortification ratio was identified as P2 (80 % wheat flour: 20% composite flour). Fortification of crackers with jackfruit seed–mung bean composite flour enhances protein content and maintains favorable sensory attributes, with an 80:20 wheat-to composite flour ratio yielding the best overall results.
Advancements in Modern Biotechnology for Enhanced Kojic Acid Production in the Cosmetic Industry: A Review Herlaesa, Shofiatulfuadah Retnaningrum; Muini, Chantiara F. M.; Khaerunisa, Aulia
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10034

Abstract

Kojic acid (KA), a secondary metabolite from Aspergillus species, is widely used in the cosmetic industry as a skin-lightening agent, antioxidant, and anti-aging ingredient. With the growing demand for natural and effective skincare products, there is an increasing interest in sustainable and scalable KA production. Conventional fermentation methods remain limited by low yields, long incubation periods, and high costs. Advances in biotechnology now provide more efficient and reliable alternatives to overcome these challenges. This systematic review of studies published between 2020 and 2025 highlights recent developments in genetic engineering and process optimization for KA production. CRISPR/Cas9-based editing of regulatory genes such as kojR and the promoter region of kojA has improved production stability and yield, with increases reported up to 43 percent. Mutagenesis approaches using UV, gamma irradiation, microwave exposure, and atmospheric plasma have produced hyperproductive strains, with some reaching 96.5 g/L KA, representing a 293 percent increase compared with parental strains. In addition, novel regulatory proteins, including AoZFA and Aokap2, have been identified as key molecular factors controlling KA biosynthesis. Fermentation optimization also contributes significantly to efficiency. Adjustments in pH and temperature, the addition of metal ions such as Zn²⁺ and Pb²⁺, and the use of alternative substrates like sugarcane bagasse or sorghum sheaf have been shown to improve yields and reduce costs. These strategies not only increase production but also align with the demand for sustainable raw materials. Overall, integrating advanced genetic tools with optimized fermentation systems provides a strong platform for industrial-scale KA production. Modern biotechnology demonstrates clear potential to meet the requirements of the cosmetic industry while ensuring product safety, consistency, and scalability.
Comparative Effectiveness of Video and Picture Media on Students’ Biology Learning Outcomes Janah, Nur; Mahrus, Mahrus; Khairuddin, Khairuddin
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10072

Abstract

Learning media play a crucial and inseparable role in the teaching and learning process. Appropriate learning methods and media, such as videos and images, are necessary to facilitate students' understanding of the material presented by the teacher, ultimately maximizing learning outcomes. This study aims to determine the differences in biology learning outcomes using video media and images in Class VII of SMPN 1 Gunungsari. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study. The population of this study consisted of all students in class VII, comprising 10 classes with a total of 340 students. This study employed two classes: the experimental class and the control class. This study employed a purposive sampling technique, where the sample consisted of students who were more active and had stable learning outcomes. The experimental class consisted of 33 students, and the control class consisted of 33 students, resulting in a total sample of 66 students. The experimental class received learning through video media, while the control class used images. The results of this study showed that the average post-test score of the experimental class was 92.09, and the average post-test score of the control class was 80.06. Thus, the learning outcomes of students taught with video media were better than images. The results of the independent sample t-test showed a significant (2-tailed) value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a difference in biology learning outcomes between video media and images in class VII students of SMPN 1 Gunungsari.
The Effectiveness of the Teams Games Tournament Learning Model Using QuARD Media to Improve Science Learning Outcomes Nikmah, Putri Khoirotun; Ratnasari, Yuni; Masfuah, Siti
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.9527

Abstract

This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of third-grade students in the subject of science at SD 2 Gondangmanis, mainly caused by the use of conventional learning models that do not actively involve students. To overcome this, the Teams Games Tournament learning model, incorporating QuARD media (Question and Action Cards), is applied. This model is designed to improve understanding of concepts and science process skills through educational games and group competitions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in the average learning outcomes of students before and after the implementation of the Teams Games Tournament learning model assisted by QuARD media, and to determine the improvement in student learning outcomes after the intervention. This study employs a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design, utilising a one-group pretest-posttest model. The subjects of the study were 22 third-grade students of SD 2 Gondangmanis. Data collection was conducted through interviews, observations, documentation, and written tests, including essays. Data analysis techniques include normality tests, paired sample t-tests, and N-Gain tests. The study's results showed a significant increase in student learning outcomes, with an average pretest score of 41.00 and a posttest score of 86.81. The t-test showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores. The N-Gain value of 0.78 falls within the high category, and 96% of students achieved learning completion. It can be concluded that the Teams Games Tournament learning model, assisted by QuARD media, is effective in improving student learning outcomes in the science subject, particularly in understanding concepts and process skills.
Developing an Augmented Reality Chemistry Textbook on Acids and Bases with Ethnochemistry to Enhance Students Understanding of Chemical Representations Ariani, Sunniarti; Supriadi, Supriadi; Ardiyanti, Yunita; Hidayah, Weny Amanatul; Daraswita, Adina Ayu
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10067

Abstract

This development research presents an Augmented Reality(AR)-based textbook that integrates chemical concepts with the SASAMBO culture, highlighting an innovative approach to ethnochemistry. The study aims to produce a practical, valid, and effective AR textbook to enhance students’ understanding of chemical representations. The research follows the 4D development model: Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. The textbook was validated by two experts and tested for effectiveness with a limited implementation involving 26 students. Data were collected using validation and practicality questionnaires, as well as pretest-posttest evaluations. Validation data were analyzed using Aiken’s V, while improvements in students’ understanding were assessed with a paired t-test via IBM SPSS Statistics 25. Results show high validity (Aiken’s V = 0.9), strong practicality (86% average score), and a significant increase in understanding (t = 16.871, p < 0.005). These findings suggest that the AR-based textbook is a valid, practical, and effective tool for enhancing students’ comprehension of chemical representation.
Tidal Flood Prediction in Surabaya Based on Hydrometeorological Data Using Gradient Boosting and Logistic Regression Setyaningrum, Kartika Dwi Indra; Masfufah, Kiki Syalasyatun; Rahmawati, Endah; Hermanto, Ady
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10068

Abstract

This research aims to develop a predictive model for tidal inundation at Tanjung Perak Port in Surabaya, a region identified as critical and highly susceptible to such events. The foundational data incorporated comprises hydrometeorological indicators, such as lunar cycles, tidal patterns, and precipitation levels, which were sourced from the BMKG Tanjung Perak Maritime Meteorological Station. A dataset comprising 26,275 individual data points was compiled and subsequently partitioned into training sets (80% of the data) and validation sets (20%) via randomization. This apportionment is intended to support the robustness and applicability of the developed model. The initial data preparation phase involved techniques such as data normalization, imputation of missing values, and the determination of variable weights based on their respective degrees of impact. Subsequently, two distinct machine learning methodologies were employed to construct the predictive framework: Gradient Boosting (specifically, XGBoost) and Logistic Regression. The efficacy of the resultant models was rigorously assessed using various metrics, including accuracy, confusion matrix analysis, ROC-AUC scores, and feature significance analysis. Analysis of the outcomes indicated that the Gradient Boosting model achieved a superior accuracy of 99.96%, whereas Logistic Regression attained 99.85%. An examination of the features revealed that lunar cycles and tidal conditions were the principal determinants of tidal inundation, with precipitation exerting a comparatively minor effect. These observations substantiate the efficacy of integrating suitable data preparation techniques with machine learning methodologies to achieve precise predictive outcomes. The principal contribution of this investigation is the establishment of a computational framework to facilitate the development of an advanced warning system for tidal flooding, thereby aiding hazard reduction and limiting adverse societal, financial, and operational consequences in littoral regions.
Adsorption-Based Laboratory Hazardous Waste Treatment with a Combination of Biochar, Zeolite, and Activated Alumina as an Environmentally Friendly Solution Akhdiyat, Hendra R.; Sukartono, Sukartono; Jasrodi, Jasrodi; Putra, Hendra Susana
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10180

Abstract

Hazardous and Toxic Waste (B3) from laboratories, especially those containing heavy metals (Hg and Cr) and several physical factors such as pH, TSS, and color, poses a serious threat to the environment if not managed properly. This study aims to estimate the adsorbent for the development of laboratory-scale wastewater treatment equipment based on the adsorption method using biochar, zeolite, and activated alumina. The research method involves preparing adsorbent materials, testing their effectiveness in reducing the content of heavy metal pollutants, and designing a waste treatment device. The combination of biochar, zeolite, and activated alumina was chosen due to their complementary abilities in removing heavy metal content from B3 waste in the Soil Chemistry laboratory. The treatment results showed significant reductions (p < 0.05) in heavy metal (Hg and Cr) levels in laboratory waste. The optimal combination is a formulation of biochar, zeolite, and activated alumina (1:1:1). Innovations in adsorbent technology for processing heavy metal waste in soil chemistry laboratories can be applied and further developed to create a clean and healthy environment.
Developing Web-Enhanced Physics Learning Media on Renewable Energy Using Google Sites Agusta, Mutia Velli; Asyhari, Ardian; Mustari, Mukarramah
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10285

Abstract

Education in Indonesia requires the utilization of technology to improve the quality of learning. The Web-Enhanced Course (WEC) model offers flexibility in accessing learning materials while supporting the effectiveness of face-to-face instruction. Google Sites serves as a relevant medium, integrating text, video, and interactive features that foster students’ motivation and engagement. This study aims to develop physics learning media based on the Web Enhanced Course model using Google Sites, focusing on renewable energy topics, to evaluate its feasibility and assess students’ responses in grade X of senior high schools. This research employed a development method adapted from the Borg and Gall model, which consists of seven stages. Data collection instruments included expert validation sheets for media and material, as well as student response questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis to determine the level of feasibility and attractiveness of the developed media. The results indicated that the physics learning media based on WEC, with the aid of Google Sites, were highly feasible, with material expert validation reaching 85% and media expert validation at 86%. The small-group trial obtained 89%, and the field trial achieved 90%, both categorized as very interesting. Educators and students responded positively to the media in terms of ease of use, material relevance, and engaging presentation. The media has the potential to enhance students’ conceptual understanding of renewable energy and strengthen the integration of digital technology in physics learning. More broadly, this study contributes to the development of 21st-century learning models that are collaborative, interactive, and grounded in digital literacy. Further research is recommended to examine the effectiveness of this media on other physics topics and in diverse educational contexts.

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