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Jurnal Pijar MIPA
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 19071744     EISSN : 24601500     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Mathematics Physics
Jurnal Pijar MIPA (e-ISSN: 2460-1500 & p-ISSN: 1907-1744) is an open-access scientific periodical journal published by the Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA publishes original articles on current issues and trends in mathematics-science-science education studies. In addition, this journal addresses issues concerning environmental education and environmental science. The journal scopes are: a. Physics and Physics Education b. Chemistry and Chemistry Education c. Biology and Biology Education d. Natural Science and Science Education e. Mathematics and Mathematics Education f. Environmental and Environmental Education
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 1,179 Documents
 94   95   96   97   98 
Development of Interactive Media Based on Lectora Inspire Solar System (SITAYA) to Material to Increase Students Learning Motivation in Science Triastika, Adinda Yaniar; Tyas, Dewi Nilam
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10004

Abstract

Success in learning is important, not only influenced by student intelligence, but also by learning environment factors, motivation, learning styles, methods, strategies and learning media, these factors greatly influence student learning outcomes. This study aims to develop and test the feasibility and effectiveness of interactive learning media based on Lectora Inspire, specifically SITAYA (Solar System), in order to enhance the motivation and learning outcomes of sixth-grade students at SDN 4 Honggosoco in the Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subject, focusing on the solar system. The method used in this study is research and development, utilising the ADDIE model, which is simplified into five distinct stages. The validation process was conducted by media experts and material experts, resulting in assessments of 80% and 83.92%, respectively. This is supported by the results of student and teacher responses, with a percentage of 88.88% and 96.66%, respectively. Based on the results of the learning motivation questionnaire, it can be concluded that the category is very good, with a percentage of 98.8%. The effectiveness test, conducted using a one-group pretest-posttest design, showed a significant increase in the average score of students, from 42.61 to 83.65. The results of the paired t-test showed a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating a statistically significant increase. The N-gain calculation of 0.71 indicates a high level of effectiveness. SITAYA media is declared feasible and effective in supporting interactive and meaningful science learning. Additionally, SITAYA media is also highly effective in increasing student motivation and learning outcomes. These findings support the use of Lectora Inspire technology as an innovative solution in science learning at the elementary school level.
Development of Biology Teaching Materials Based on Biopreneurship for High School Students Hasanah, Nur; Jufri, A. Wahab; Japa, Lalu
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10028

Abstract

Biology learning in high school often faces challenges due to students’ reliance on teacher explanations and conventional textbooks, which tend to be less engaging and limit the development of critical and entrepreneurial skills. To address this issue, innovative teaching materials are needed that not only improve students’ understanding of biological concepts but also foster creativity and independence through entrepreneurship-based approaches. This study aims to develop and test the validity of biopreneurship-based biology teaching materials for high school students. The research employed a 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate) with a focus on the first three stages. Validation of the teaching materials was conducted by three expert validators using questionnaires, and the results were analyzed with the Aiken index. The construct validity assessment produced values ranging from 0.58 to 0.94, while content validity ranged from 0.63 to 0.75, both categorized as valid. Additionally, the readability test using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level showed that most of the text fell within the easy-to-moderate range, making it suitable for high school students. These findings indicate that the developed materials meet the scientific and pedagogical standards required for classroom use. Furthermore, the integration of biopreneurship elements into the biology content provides an innovative approach that not only enhances students’ conceptual understanding but also motivates them to develop an entrepreneurial spirit, particularly in managing biological resources. Overall, this study concludes that the developed teaching materials are valid, relevant, and beneficial for high school biology learning, making biology both meaningful and applicable to students’ real-life contexts.
The Effectiveness of Implementing Problem-Based Learning Models in Improving Biology Literacy and Scientific Attitudes Astuti, Tika; Jufri, A. Wahab; Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10042

Abstract

Biological literacy and scientific attitudes are important aspects that need to be developed in students because they are related to the ability to understand biological concepts contextually and foster scientific thinking. This study aims to analyze the effect of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on students' biological literacy and scientific attitudes. The type of research used is a quasi-experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of 58 eleventh-grade students at MAN Lombok Barat, selected using purposive sampling, with the experimental class receiving PBL instruction and the control class receiving conventional instruction. Data were collected through validated biology literacy tests and scientific attitude questionnaires. Data analysis techniques included mean value comparisons and ANCOVA tests using SPSS version 26. The results showed that the average biology literacy score in the experimental class increased from 53.8 to 72.5, while the control class increased from 53.5 to 76.6. In terms of scientific attitude, the experimental class improved from 32 to 36.9, while the control class increased from 36 to 37.2. The results of the ANCOVA test revealed a significant difference between the experimental and control classes in biological literacy, with a p-value of 0.004 (p < 0.05). Similarly, in the scientific attitude, a significant difference was observed with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the application of PBL has a significant effect on improving students' scientific attitudes; however, its effect on biology literacy is less optimal than that of conventional learning. This is thought to be influenced by time constraints and other external factors that cannot be fully controlled during the research.
The Effect of Mangrove Crab Shell Powder (Scylla serrata) Addition on the Iron Content of Cookies Anggraeni, Ni Kadek Ayu Rina; Widnyani, Ida Ayu Putu Ary; Rabani RS, I Gusti Agung Yogi; Sintyadewi, Putu Rima; Putra, Anak Agung Ngurah Dwi Ariesta Wijaya
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.9528

Abstract

Increased awareness of healthy lifestyles has spurred the growth of functional food trends among communities. Iron deficiency causes anemia, a major nutritional problem in Indonesia. Mangrove crab shells are a local source of iron. In most cases, the edible portion of crabs is limited to the meat, while the shells are discarded, leading to their high potential as a source of waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding mangrove crab shell powder on the iron content of cookies. This study employed an experimental design using a Complete Randomized Design (CRD), with treatments of adding different concentrations of mangrove crab shell powder (0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15%). The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Findings indicated that adding mangrove crab shell powder significantly affected the iron content of the cookies. The iron content of the modified cookies ranged from 64.13 to 187.54 mg. The higher the concentration of crab shell flour added, the higher the iron content of the cookies. It is recommended that further research be conducted, encompassing organoleptic evaluation, microbiological contamination analysis, and heavy metal contamination assessment, to ensure the product's safety and quality. It is hoped that this research can serve as a reference on the use of crab shell waste as a source of iron that is beneficial to health.
A Comparative Study of the Antioxidant Activities of Black Goji Berry (Lycium Ruthenicum) and Chinese Jujube (Zizyphus Jujube Mill.), and their Combination Rastiti, Ida Ayu Anom; Strisanti, Ida Ayu Suptika; Sintyadewi, Putu Rima
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10007

Abstract

Oxidative stress, which arises from an imbalance between free radicals and the body’s antioxidant defences, is a major factor in the development of degenerative diseases, making the search for natural antioxidants an important area of research. Black goji berry (Lycium ruthenicum) is known to be rich in anthocyanins and polyphenols, while Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) contains high levels of vitamin C, flavonoids, and polysaccharides; both have been traditionally used in herbal medicine and are considered promising natural antioxidants. This research is the first study that examines the synergistic antioxidant effect of black goji berry and Chinese jujube. An experimental laboratory study was conducted with five treatment groups consisting of Chinese jujube (100%); black goji berry (100%); black goji berry 75% : Chinese jujube 25%; black goji berry 25% : Chinese jujube 75%; and black goji berry 50% : Chinese jujube 50%. Infusion samples were analyzed for antioxidant activity, and data were further analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. The results demonstrated significant differences in antioxidant activity among treatments (p < 0.05). Chinese jujube exhibited the weakest activity with an IC50 value of 35,695.24 ppm, while the 50:50 combination of black goji berry and Chinese jujube showed the strongest activity with an IC50 of 1,605.07 ppm. Groups containing black goji berry, either alone or in combination, consistently displayed better radical scavenging activity than Chinese jujube alone. These findings indicate that both black goji berry and Chinese jujube possess antioxidant potential; however, their combination, particularly in equal proportions, enhances this effect, suggesting a synergistic interaction. The results support the potential of these herbal mixtures as a complementary source of antioxidants to mitigate oxidative stress and prevent chronic diseases. They also highlight the value of studying plant combinations rather than single extracts.
Solution of the Sir Epidemic Model for the Spread of Tuberculosis Using the Fourth Order Runge-Kutta and Milne Method Hurit, Roberta Uron; Lapeng, Veronica; Muaraya, Irwanius P.
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10083

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease of the human respiratory tract caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The bacteria that cause TB are a type of bacillus bacteria that are very strong, so it takes a long time to treat this TB disease. This research is a literature study examining the mathematical model of SIR in TB disease. This research involves several stages, including the numerical integration of the SIR model, converting the resulting model into a computer programming language, performing numerical simulations, and observing solution graphs. This study aims to solve the SIR model of tuberculosis transmission using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and the Milne method. The resulting SIR model is a nonlinear differential equation model. The object of research in this study is the SIR Mathematical Model. The procedure for creating the SIR mathematical model consists of seven steps: case identification, establishing assumptions, creating the mathematical model, model analysis, model interpretation, model validation, and using the model. The research method employed is a literature study approach with a numerical component. Simulations were carried out twice for each method. The results of the numerical simulation in the MATLAB program show that both methods produce solutions with similar behaviour. However, in theory, the Milne method has a higher level of accuracy than the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The graph also shows that a population/individual suffering from tuberculosis will recover over time, assuming they undergo treatment or adopt a healthy lifestyle. The infection population will experience a decline towards an equilibrium point as time passes.
The Effect of Jackfruit Seed (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk) and Mung Bean (Vigna radiata) Composite Flour Fortification on Protein Content and Acceptability of Crackers Paramita, Ni Wayan Nadia; Widnyani, Ida Ayu Putu Ary; Rabani RS, I Gusti Agung Yogi; Sintyadewi, Putu Rima; Putra, Anak Agung Ngurah Dwi Ariesta Wijaya
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10021

Abstract

Adequate balance of nutrient intake is crucial due to its biological functions in supporting growth and muscle formation, particularly protein. Jackfruit seeds and mung beans are high-protein raw materials with potential for incorporation into protein-enriched foods, such as crackers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of jackfruit seed–mung bean composite flour fortification on protein content and sensory acceptability, and to identify the optimal fortification ratio in crackers. This experimental study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments representing different wheat-to-composite flour ratios. Data were analyzed using one‐way ANOVA to test for significant differences, followed by Duncan’s multiple range test to identify the best treatment. Findings indicated that the highest protein content (11.13 %) was achieved in treatment P5 (50 % wheat flour: 50% composite flour). Panellists rated color at 3.93 (like), aroma at 3.56 (like), texture at 3.86 (like), taste at 3.63 (like), and overall acceptability at 3.70 (like). The optimal fortification ratio was identified as P2 (80 % wheat flour: 20% composite flour). Fortification of crackers with jackfruit seed–mung bean composite flour enhances protein content and maintains favorable sensory attributes, with an 80:20 wheat-to composite flour ratio yielding the best overall results.
Advancements in Modern Biotechnology for Enhanced Kojic Acid Production in the Cosmetic Industry: A Review Herlaesa, Shofiatulfuadah Retnaningrum; Muini, Chantiara F. M.; Khaerunisa, Aulia
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10034

Abstract

Kojic acid (KA), a secondary metabolite from Aspergillus species, is widely used in the cosmetic industry as a skin-lightening agent, antioxidant, and anti-aging ingredient. With the growing demand for natural and effective skincare products, there is an increasing interest in sustainable and scalable KA production. Conventional fermentation methods remain limited by low yields, long incubation periods, and high costs. Advances in biotechnology now provide more efficient and reliable alternatives to overcome these challenges. This systematic review of studies published between 2020 and 2025 highlights recent developments in genetic engineering and process optimization for KA production. CRISPR/Cas9-based editing of regulatory genes such as kojR and the promoter region of kojA has improved production stability and yield, with increases reported up to 43 percent. Mutagenesis approaches using UV, gamma irradiation, microwave exposure, and atmospheric plasma have produced hyperproductive strains, with some reaching 96.5 g/L KA, representing a 293 percent increase compared with parental strains. In addition, novel regulatory proteins, including AoZFA and Aokap2, have been identified as key molecular factors controlling KA biosynthesis. Fermentation optimization also contributes significantly to efficiency. Adjustments in pH and temperature, the addition of metal ions such as Zn²⁺ and Pb²⁺, and the use of alternative substrates like sugarcane bagasse or sorghum sheaf have been shown to improve yields and reduce costs. These strategies not only increase production but also align with the demand for sustainable raw materials. Overall, integrating advanced genetic tools with optimized fermentation systems provides a strong platform for industrial-scale KA production. Modern biotechnology demonstrates clear potential to meet the requirements of the cosmetic industry while ensuring product safety, consistency, and scalability.
Comparative Effectiveness of Video and Picture Media on Students’ Biology Learning Outcomes Janah, Nur; Mahrus, Mahrus; Khairuddin, Khairuddin
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.10072

Abstract

Learning media play a crucial and inseparable role in the teaching and learning process. Appropriate learning methods and media, such as videos and images, are necessary to facilitate students' understanding of the material presented by the teacher, ultimately maximizing learning outcomes. This study aims to determine the differences in biology learning outcomes using video media and images in Class VII of SMPN 1 Gunungsari. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study. The population of this study consisted of all students in class VII, comprising 10 classes with a total of 340 students. This study employed two classes: the experimental class and the control class. This study employed a purposive sampling technique, where the sample consisted of students who were more active and had stable learning outcomes. The experimental class consisted of 33 students, and the control class consisted of 33 students, resulting in a total sample of 66 students. The experimental class received learning through video media, while the control class used images. The results of this study showed that the average post-test score of the experimental class was 92.09, and the average post-test score of the control class was 80.06. Thus, the learning outcomes of students taught with video media were better than images. The results of the independent sample t-test showed a significant (2-tailed) value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a difference in biology learning outcomes between video media and images in class VII students of SMPN 1 Gunungsari.
The Effectiveness of the Teams Games Tournament Learning Model Using QuARD Media to Improve Science Learning Outcomes Nikmah, Putri Khoirotun; Ratnasari, Yuni; Masfuah, Siti
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.9527

Abstract

This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of third-grade students in the subject of science at SD 2 Gondangmanis, mainly caused by the use of conventional learning models that do not actively involve students. To overcome this, the Teams Games Tournament learning model, incorporating QuARD media (Question and Action Cards), is applied. This model is designed to improve understanding of concepts and science process skills through educational games and group competitions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in the average learning outcomes of students before and after the implementation of the Teams Games Tournament learning model assisted by QuARD media, and to determine the improvement in student learning outcomes after the intervention. This study employs a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design, utilising a one-group pretest-posttest model. The subjects of the study were 22 third-grade students of SD 2 Gondangmanis. Data collection was conducted through interviews, observations, documentation, and written tests, including essays. Data analysis techniques include normality tests, paired sample t-tests, and N-Gain tests. The study's results showed a significant increase in student learning outcomes, with an average pretest score of 41.00 and a posttest score of 86.81. The t-test showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores. The N-Gain value of 0.78 falls within the high category, and 96% of students achieved learning completion. It can be concluded that the Teams Games Tournament learning model, assisted by QuARD media, is effective in improving student learning outcomes in the science subject, particularly in understanding concepts and process skills.

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