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Jurnal Pijar MIPA
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 19071744     EISSN : 24601500     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Mathematics Physics
Jurnal Pijar MIPA (e-ISSN: 2460-1500 & p-ISSN: 1907-1744) is an open-access scientific periodical journal published by the Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA publishes original articles on current issues and trends in mathematics-science-science education studies. In addition, this journal addresses issues concerning environmental education and environmental science. The journal scopes are: a. Physics and Physics Education b. Chemistry and Chemistry Education c. Biology and Biology Education d. Natural Science and Science Education e. Mathematics and Mathematics Education f. Environmental and Environmental Education
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 1,179 Documents
 92   93   94   95   96 
Fauna Diversity and Bird Community Structure in the Bissoloro Educational Forest, South Sulawesi Hendra Kurniawan; Kurniawan, Hendra; Marpaung, Sutan Sahala Muda; Oktaviani, Eva; Syah, Firman
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i5.9841

Abstract

The Bissoloro Educational Forest, covering an area of 75.12 hectares in Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi, serves as a natural research site under the stewardship of Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. Although the forest holds considerable ecological value, comprehensive and systematic data on its faunal diversity are still limited. This study was conducted to explore and evaluate the composition, richness, and community structure of fauna within the area, focusing on three major groups: mammals, reptiles, and birds. Data collection for mammals and reptiles was conducted through both direct sightings and indirect indicators, while avian data were obtained using a 1,700-meter line transect with 17 observation points over a three-day survey period. A total of 39 faunal species were recorded, comprising 4 mammal species, 10 reptile species, and 25 bird species. Among the bird species, Pycnonotus aurigaster was identified as the most dominant, with the highest Importance Value Index (INP) of 38.19%, supported by a relative frequency of 19.61% and relative dominance of 18.58%. The overall bird community diversity, as measured by the Shannon-Wiener index (H'), was 2.59, reflecting a moderate level of biodiversity. The occurrence of endemic and protected species, including top predators and nectar-feeding birds, indicates that essential ecological functions such as pollination and food web dynamics are still maintained. These results highlight the ecological importance of the Bissoloro Educational Forest and its role as a vital site for biodiversity conservation, environmental education, and long-term ecological monitoring in alignment with the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) framework.
Potential Bioactivity of Guava Leaf Extract (Psidium guajava L.) as a Natural Therapeutic Agent: A Review Risa, Risa Dwi; Septiani, Dia; Faoziyyah, Nabilla; Ananda, Meisya Dwi
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i5.8080

Abstract

Guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.) from the family Myrtaceae are known to have many health benefits. This review identifies the main active compounds in guava leaves, such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids, which contribute to its pharmacological activities. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of guava leaves in providing therapeutic effects, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. A literature review with a qualitative approach of 10 articles was used in this research. Research shows that guava leaf extract is effective as an antidiabetic by inhibiting α the α-amylase enzyme and regulating glucose uptake. In addition, this extract functions as an antioxidant to fight free radicals, as well as an immunomodulator that increases phagocyte activity. The antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of this extract can inhibit the growth of pathogenic microbes and suppress inflammatory responses, making it potentially useful for the treatment of infection and inflammation. Anticancer activity has also been demonstrated, mainly through inhibition of cancer signalling pathways and induction of apoptosis. Thus, guava leaves have prospects as a potential natural ingredient for the development of herbal medicines to treat various health conditions, especially enzyme inhibition, increased phagocyte activity, and inhibition of inflammation and pathogenic microbial growth.
Potential Combination of Red Onion and Bean Sprouts Extract as Natural Regulatory Substance (PGR) through Total Phenolic Analysis and Antioxidant Activity Aristya, Cintania Putri; Anggarani, Mirwa Adiprahara
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i5.9550

Abstract

Organic farming is now increasingly gaining attention as a solution to the challenges of environmental damage and the need for healthy food in the modern era. One important aspect of organic farming practices is the use of natural Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) to increase crop yields and quality. This study aims to examine the potential combination of red onion and bean sprout extracts as natural PGRs through total phenolic analysis and antioxidant activity as a reference basis for further application to potato plants. Extracts from both materials were obtained through the maceration method, then formulated in six different ratio comparisons and analyzed for their total phenolic content using the Folin–Ciocalteu method and their antioxidant activity through the DPPH test. The results showed that variation B (8 g/L red onion + 2 g/L bean sprouts) had the highest total phenolic content of 14.77 mg GAE/g and the strongest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 173.7 ppm. The results were supported by the DMRT test, which showed significant differences between the combination variations. The content of natural hormones such as auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin in both materials works synergistically in stimulating the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as phenolics, which contribute to antioxidant activity and its effectiveness as a PGR. Thus, variation B has the highest potential to be developed as an environmentally friendly and sustainable natural PGR to support the growth and resistance of potato plants. This formulation shows promising potential for further development in the field of organic farming and nature-based agricultural innovation.
The Effect of the JIRE Collaborative Learning Model Based on Phylearn Media on Students Learning Outcomes in the Topic of Heat and Temperature in School Ilato, Nursuciani Radja; Ntobuo, Nova Elysia; Setiawan, Dewa Gede Eka; Samatowa, Lukman; Mohamad, Wahyu Muzizat; Yunus, Muhammad
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i5.9631

Abstract

Collaborative learning has the potential to address these challenges by promoting problem-solving through collective participation within groups. This research investigates the effect of the Jire Collaborative Learning model integrated with Phylearn media on students’ learning outcomes regarding heat and temperature. The study was motivated by low student achievement, primarily attributed to conventional teaching methods to engage students in active participation. This quasi-experimental research employed a one-group pre-test-post-test design involving 25 seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 4 Monano. The Jire Collaborative model emphasizes active student collaboration, while Phylearn provides interactive multimedia support to help visualize abstract scientific concepts. The findings reveal a significant improvement in students’ cognitive performance (levels C2-C4) after the intervention, indicating that the integrated approach effectively improves conceptual understanding. This influence is demonstrated by the difference in students’ learning outcomes before and after applying the JIRE model, where the average pre-test score of 46.4 increased to 81.05 in the post-test. The t-test results indicate that this difference is statistically significant, with a significance value of 2.10, less than 0.05. These findings confirm a significant difference between students’ pre-test and post-test scores after applying the JIRE collaborative learning model, indicating that this model effectively improves students’ learning outcomes. These results suggest that technology-supported collaborative learning is a promising strategy for improving the quality of science education at the junior high school level.
Optimization of Functional Properties of Cocoyoghurt through Fortification with Moringa Leaf Extract (Moringa oleifera): Antioxidant Activity and Organoleptic Characteristics Sintyadewi, Putu Rima; Widnyani, Ida Ayu Putu Ary; Putra, Anak Agung Ngurah Dwi Ariesta Wijaya; Wulansari, Nadya Treesna
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.9524

Abstract

Yogurt is a fermented milk product known as a functional food. Food diversification efforts by finding alternative yogurt raw materials to replace animal milk are necessary to provide products for people who want alternative non-dairy yogurt products. One of the plant-based milks that has a nutritional content similar to animal milk is coconut (Cocos nucifera). Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) are reported to contain antioxidant compounds and have therapeutic benefits, making them potentially suitable for use as a fortifier in cocoyogurt functional drinks. The purpose of this study was to obtain the most appropriate formula for adding moringa leaf extract to produce cocoyogurt products that are high in antioxidants and have physicochemical and organoleptic properties that are acceptable to consumers. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments, namely: P0 = without the addition of moringa leaf extract; P1 = moringa leaf extract 1 g/L; P2 = moringa leaf extract 2 g/L; and P3 = moringa leaf extract 3 g/L. The data obtained were analyzed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical method and continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test if there was a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) between treatments. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the addition of moringa leaf extract to coconut milk yogurt produces cocoyoghurt with a low acidity (pH) (4.5-44.3), which is in accordance with the SNI standard (2981-2009) for yogurt quality. Overall, the best treatment in cocoyoghurt was the addition of 3 g/L of moringa leaf extract with an IC50 value of 148.33 µg/ml, with free radical inhibitory activity in the moderate category, and the sensory properties of taste, aroma, color, and texture showed the most preferred values ​​by the panellists. These findings have broader implications for functional food innovation, particularly in developing plant-based, nutrient-enriched products that cater to lactose-intolerant populations and health-conscious consumers seeking natural sources of antioxidants.
Development of an E-Worksheet on Acid-Base Material with the Sorogan-Bandongan Learning Model to Train Students Attitude of Responsibility Naimah, Kholifatul; Rinaningsih, Rinaningsih
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.9577

Abstract

The Sorogan-Bandongan learning model is a traditional approach that is effective in training learners' responsibility through a series of learning activities, including reading and working on handouts, diagnostic tests, independent practice based on test results, reinforcement of concepts by the teacher, and self-reflection. This model emphasizes both individual (Sorogan) and collective (Bandongan) approaches, so that students are not only responsible for tasks they complete independently but also participate in collaborative discussion and evaluation processes. The purpose of this study is to describe the feasibility of the E-Worksheet on acid-base material using the Sorogan-Bandongan learning model to cultivate students' sense of responsibility. The feasibility of the E-Worksheet is assessed based on validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The method used in this study is Research and Development (R&D) with Thiagarajan's 4D development model, limited to the Develop stage. In this study, a limited pilot test was conducted in May 2025 with 20 high school students from SMA Negeri 19 Surabaya who had already studied acid-base material. Based on the results of the research conducted, it was found that the validity of the E-Worksheet was deemed valid based on the scores obtained from the validation sheet. The overall results of student activities from meeting 1 to meeting 3 showed an increase and obtained a percentage of ≥ 61%, indicating that the E-Worksheet on acid-base material is practical. The effectiveness of the E-Worksheet was assessed based on the increase in the observation sheet scores for students' sense of responsibility in each session. The n-gain results for students' sense of responsibility were categorized as high. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the E-Worksheet on acid-base material using the Sorogan-Bandongan learning model to cultivate students' sense of responsibility is suitable for use.
Diversity of Mollusks (Bivalvia and Gastropoda) in Medana Beach, North Lombok Sasmitha, Yuan; Candri, Dining Aidil; Ahyadi, Hilman
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.9621

Abstract

Mollusks are an important group of marine organisms that contribute significantly to marine ecosystem structure and function, exhibiting high species diversity and widespread distribution across various marine habitats. Medana Beach, located in North Lombok, is a coastal area with ecological potential as a habitat for mollusks, particularly bivalves and gastropods. However, excessive exploitation beyond sustainable limits has led to a decline in mollusk populations, due to rates of harvest surpassing their natural regeneration. This study aims to assess the species diversity and community structure of mollusks (Bivalvia and Gastropoda) in the intertidal zone of Medana Beach. A purposive sampling method was used to select stations based on differing environmental characteristics, while transects were laid using systematic random sampling. Mollusk sampling, environmental parameter measurements (temperature, salinity, and pH), and substrate identification were carried out at all three study stations. A total of 55 mollusk species comprising 1,052 individuals were recorded, including 14 bivalve species and 41 gastropod species. The bivalves belonged to 9 families, and the gastropods to 17 families. The highest infaunal abundance was observed at Station 3 (616.67 ind/m³), while the highest epifaunal abundance occurred at Station 1 (15.38 ind/m²). Modiolus philippinarum had the highest infaunal density (255.56 ind/m³), found attached to seagrass roots in muddy-sand substrates. Cellana radiata had the highest epifaunal density (6.13 ind/m²), found attached to rocks. The mollusk community structure at Medana Beach was relatively stable, as indicated by moderate diversity and evenness indices, with no dominant species observed. These findings suggest that the habitat conditions at Medana Beach are capable of supporting mollusk communities and are not currently experiencing significant ecological stress.
Isolation and Characterization of Nanocellulose from Rice Husk (Oryza sativa L.) Waste Through Chemical and Ultrasonication Treatment Paramitha, Viona Witya; Maharani, Dina Kartika
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.9632

Abstract

Rice husk waste is one of the abundant lignocellulosic biomass sources in Indonesia and holds significant potential as a raw material for nanocellulose production. This study aims to isolate nanocellulose from rice husk through a combination of chemical and mechanical treatments to obtain a product with high crystallinity and nanoscale particle size. The isolation process involved several steps: alkali treatment using NaOH to remove hemicellulose, bleaching with H2O2 to degrade lignin, and acid hydrolysis using H2SO4 to eliminate the amorphous regions of cellulose. The resulting cellulose suspension was then subjected to ultrasonic treatment to further reduce particle size and achieve a more homogeneous dispersion, followed by freeze drying to obtain stable dry nanocellulose powder. Characterization using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed changes in chemical structure, marked by the disappearance of lignin and hemicellulose peaks and the dominance of hydroxyl (-OH) and C-O functional groups, indicating increased cellulose purity. The nanocellulose yield obtained from this process was 38.15%, calculated based on the dry weight of nanocellulose relative to the initial dry weight of rice husk used. This value falls within the typical range reported for nanocellulose isolation using sulfuric acid hydrolysis and suggests that the applied method was effective in converting rice husk biomass into nanocellulose. The relatively high yield also supports the viability of rice husk as a sustainable and cost-efficient raw material for nanocellulose production. These findings demonstrate that rice husk waste can be effectively converted into high-quality nanocellulose through combined chemical and mechanical approaches, offering a sustainable and value-added solution for various functional materials, biodegradable packaging, and polymer composite applications.
Effect of Using Integrated Markerless Augmented Reality Learning Media on Buffer Solution Material to Improve Students Learning Outcomes Khairunnisa, Nadila; Yuhelman, Nofri; Guspatni, Guspatni
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.9701

Abstract

Integrated learning media markerless augmented reality can overcome the problems faced by some students in understanding the material of buffer solutions and become a learning media that displays the three levels of chemical representation in full. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is an effect of the use of integrated learning media markerless augmented reality on the material of buffer solutions on the learning outcomes of phase F students of SMA/MA. The research design used is a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. This study was conducted at SMA N 2 Padang in the 2024/2025 academic year. The sampling technique used in this study is a purposive sampling technique. Data for this study were collected through test techniques. The data analysis techniques used are the Normality test, the Homogeneity test, and the hypothesis test. The results of the t-test analysis (Independent Sample t-Test) with the final data obtained are the value tvalue (2.2407) > ttable (2.0017) at a real level of α = 0.05. It can be concluded that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Thus, the use of integrated markerless augmented reality learning media on buffer solution material has a significant effect on the learning outcomes of class XI students at SMA N 2 Padang.
Identification of Student Misconceptions on Dynamic Fluid Material using a Five-tier Diagnostic Test Hazmi, Hanifah Rahmania; Jauhariyah, Mukhayyarotin Niswati Rodliyatul
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.9717

Abstract

Misconception is one of the problems that often occurs in physics learning, especially in dynamic fluid materials. Misconceptions can affect physics learning outcomes if allowed to occur continuously. This study aims to identify students' misconceptions about dynamic fluid material using a five-tier diagnostic test. Five-tier diagnostic test is the newest form of diagnostic test that is able to detect deeper misconceptions experienced by students. By using the five-level diagnostic test, you will be able to see dynamic fluid material that still has misconceptions and requires more emphasis. Apart from that, teachers can design remediation learning better. This study employed a one-shot research method with a sample of 68 students from class XI of a high school who had received dynamic fluid material. The result of this study is that students experience misconceptions on dynamic fluid material, with an average percentage of 40.7% in the moderate category. Students' misconceptions on dynamic fluid material occur in the sub-matter of the principle of continuity and Bernoulli's Law. The misconceptions experienced by students in the continuity principle sub-matter regarding the relationship between cross-sectional area (A) and fluid velocity (v) by 37,5%, the relationship between cross-sectional area (A) and fluid debit (Q) by 46,9%, and the relationship between cross-sectional area (A) and volume (V) by 50%, with a moderate category. Meanwhile, in the Bernoulli's Law sub-matter, students experienced misconceptions regarding the relationship between the depth of the leak hole (h) and the distance of the fluid jet (x) by 40,6%, and the relationship between velocity (v) and fluid pressure (P) by 43,8% with moderate categories. Given the misconceptions students still experience with dynamic fluid materials, it is necessary to implement remediation strategies, such as tests, special learning methods, or assignments.

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