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JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia
Published by Universitas Islam Indonesia
ISSN : 20854145     EISSN : 25272950     DOI : 10.208885/JKKI.Vol10.Iss3.art5
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
JKKI: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia is a peer-reviewed journal in the field of medical and health sciences. This journal is designed as a place of dissemination of information and scientific knowledge, which publishes three times a year. It publishes original article, article review, and case report. These comprise of biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, public health sciences, and medical science education.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran Keluarga
Articles 468 Documents
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World TB Day 2025: Advancing the fight against tuberculosis through science and nature Devita, Ninda
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 16, No 1, (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol16.Iss1.art1

Abstract

Critical roles of community health workers in combating stunting in low- and middle-income countries Pranata, Muhammad Alwi Eka
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 16, No 1, (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol16.Iss1.art2

Abstract

Assessment of one-year overall survival among stage III breast cancer patients Darwito; Sari, Ika Puspita; Wijayana, Singgih; Mahardinata, Nur Azid; Anwar, Sumadi Lukman; Ridhayani, Firda
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 16, No 2, (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol16.Iss2.art6

Abstract

Background: The results of a comprehensive diagnosis, combined with the individual's general state, establish the appropriate therapeutic care for breast cancer patients. These management disparities have an impact on clinical outcomes, which may influence patient survival. The evaluation process of breast cancer management is essential as a strategy to boost the therapy's effectiveness in the future year. Objectives: Assessing survival rate, one-year overall survival, among stage III breast cancer patients.Methods: An observational study was conducted comprising a retrospective cross-sectional study. Data collected retrospectively from the medical record followed a total sampling technique. This study included patients with breast cancer as a main diagnosis with or without comorbidities and aged ≥ 18 years when undergoing their first diagnosis. Moreover, the exclusion criteria were patients who had incomplete medical record data, undergoing breast cancer treatment at other healthcare facilities, unspecified clinical stage, and patients who had been diagnosed with non-stage III breast cancer. The survival time of the participants is defined as the number of months from initial diagnosis to their last status (alive, died, or loss of follow-up). One-year overall survival was projected using the Kaplan-Meier curve and presented as a percentage with a 95% confidence interval. Results: Of the 23 patients with stage III breast cancer and the mean age was 57.39 ± 10.417 years. The one-year overall survival for stage III breast cancer was 78.3%. In addition, metastases conditions were associated with worse one-year overall survival compared to patients without metastases (40.0% vs 88.9%, p=0.028).Conclusion: The survival rate of breast cancer patients remains lower than in another recent study from Indonesia. This indicates the requirement of treatment strategies evaluation.
Vitamin D supplementation and moderate intensity continuous training: Impact on leptin and anthropometric measures in obese individual Suputra, Putu Adi; Arsani, Ni Luh Kadek Alit; Wijaya, I Made Kusuma; Lestari, Ni Made Sri Dewi; Parwata, I Made Yoga
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 16, No 2, (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol16.Iss2.art3

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D may potentially have a significant influence in managing obesity-related risk factors. The current evidence suggests that observational studies have found a negative correlation between leptin levels and serum vitamin D, but heterogeneous intervention studies have not shown a significant effect. Objectives: This study aims to examine the effect of the combination of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and vitamin D3 on leptin and anthropometry. Methods: A true experimental, randomized pre and post-test control group design were performed on 36 subject (18 male and female each) for 12 weeks. A treatment group received MICT and vitamin D3, control group only received MICT and placebo. Both groups received moderate-intensity exercise (64-75% HR Max) with a frequency of 3x/week and a time of 60 minutes, carried out. In the treatment group, 5000 IU vitamin D3 was administered daily for 12 weeks, while the control group only received a placebo. In this study, hypothesis testing was conducted to compare the means of two independent groups using an independent t-test or Mann-Whitney test. For comparisons between two related groups, a paired t-test or the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used.Results: After conducting a test to compare two sample means from unrelated groups, statistically significant differences were observed between the treatment and control groups in this study. For the variables of BMI (p=0.025), waist circumference (p=0.042), body weight (p=0.008), leptin (p=0.015) and vitamin D3 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Combination of vitamin D3 supplementation and MICT significantly lowered leptin and anthropometry in obese individuals.
Toxicity of activated-charcoal purified Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. methanolic extract on zebrafish embryos Maulaya, Ikvini; Hayati, Farida; Awaluddin, Rizki
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 16, No 2, (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol16.Iss2.art4

Abstract

Background: Purification of Centella asiatica methanolic extract using activated charcoal (ACP-CME) to isolate its non-aromatic compounds is a novel method that requires rigorous foundational safety data for the next validation stage.Objectives: The study aimed to determine the LC50 and identify toxicity signs of activated charcoal-purified Centella asiatica methanolic extract (ACP-CME) on zebrafish embryos.Methods: Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity (FET) was conducted following the 2013 standardized guidelines from OECD number 236. The zebrafish embryos were divided into eight groups (n=20/group), with an additional internal control in each group (n=4), namely 5 ACP-CME groups (ACP-CME at concentrations of 15.625, 31.25, 62.5, 125, and 250 ppm), a negative control group (distilled water), a positive control group (3,4-dichloroaniline), and a solvent control group (DMSO 0.2%). The observation was performed every 24 hours for 96 hours on four lethality parameters (coagulation, somite formation, tail-bud detachment, and visible heartbeat). The lethal concentration 50 (LC50) was calculated using Microsoft Excel 2019 to determine the signs and levels of toxicity of the extract based on the observational data. Results: ACP-CME exhibited concentration-dependent lethality caused by coagulation and absence of heartbeat, with 100% mortality at 250 ppm. Some abnormalities caused by ACP-CME exposure were spotted at concentrations of 31.25 and 125 ppm, with the occurrence of 15% and 10%, respectively.Conclusion: The LC50 of ACP-CME was 39.56 ppm. Malformation effects included lordosis, kyphosis, delayed tail-bud detachment, abnormal fin, somite formation failure, hatching failure, and yolk sac edema.
Strategies to slow down the progression of myopia: A systematic review Amila, Adelia Rizka; Azizi, Nurul Ainun; Rizky, Putri Sri; Nurhuda, M. Rizwan; Suryasna, Nogi; Rahman, Aldy; Andre, Dastin
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 16, No 2, (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol16.Iss2.art11

Abstract

Globally, the prevalence of myopia or nearsightedness is rising quickly, which presents a serious public health concern. By 2030, approximately half of the world's population is expected to be impacted. Untreated nearsightedness can have serious health consequences, such as avoidable blindness and an estimated $244 billion in lost productivity worldwide each year. Serious difficulties might arise from untreated myopia, which frequently starts in childhood. Efforts to delay the progression of myopia have focused on the following three main intervention types: optical, pharmaceutical, and environmental. More investigation and methodical assessments are necessary to combat the expanding myopia epidemic. A systematic review was carried out in accordance with PRISMA criteria to evaluate existing strategies for slowing the progression of myopia. From the beginning to November 2024, a thorough search was carried out in ISRCTN, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ClinicalTrials.gov, resulting in an analysis of 9833 articles, ultimately selected 16 RCTs involving 3,062 subjects. A standardized technique was used to evaluate the articles' quality after duplicate publications, review articles, and incomplete articles were eliminated. This study found that Soft Contact Lenses (SCL), Atropine (AT) eye drops, and Orthokeratology (OK) lenses are all useful for treating pediatric nearsightedness. SCL, especially bifocal varieties, slows the progression of myopia, although their usage may be restricted by pain and hygienic concerns. Despite its efficacy varying, low-dose AT (0.01%) also slows progression, and cautious dosing is necessary due to concerns about rebound effects when therapy ends. OK lenses considerably minimize axial elongation, particularly when used in conjunction with AT; however, there are concerns of infection and maintenance. The most successful treatments seem to be combination ones, such as OK lenses with AT, although they demand strict commitment. In conclusion, SCL, AT, and OK may be useful for slowing the progression of myopia.
Cultural factors and risks: Incidence analysis of acute coronary syndrome in young adults in Bali Bawa, Ngakan Nyoman Rai; Nurachmah, Elly; Adam, Muhamad; Herawati, Tuti; Sungkono
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 16, No 2, (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol16.Iss2.art9

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which is the most critical ischemic heart disease and is the main source of morbidity and mortality worldwide, increases significantly every year in Indonesia, including Balinese young adults. Identification of modifiable risk factors, such as smoking habits, consuming alcohol, and processed food, is culturally important for making primary prevention strategies, the occurrence of attacks, and secondary prevention to reduce readmissions.Objectives: This study aims to identify modifiable factors using a cultural approach associated with the incidence of ACS in Balinese young adults.Methods: This is a quantitative cross-sectional study. A total of 150 eligible respondents were recruited consecutively at the Integrated Heart Service Centre of Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah General Hospital, Bali. Data were collected using validated questionnaires on socio-demographics, diet (SQ-FFQ), physical activity (GPAQ), alcohol use (AUDIT), psychological status (DASS-42), and sleep quality (PSQI). Independent variables included hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, lifestyle, and psychosocial factors, with ACS incidence as the outcome. Data were analysed with descriptive statistics, chi-square, and logistic regression (p < 0.05).Results: Results showed a significant relationship between hypertension, high salt intake, and sleep quality. Hypertension demonstrated the strongest statistical association with ACS among the variables included in the model (OR = 6.785, 95% CI: 2.429 - 18.956). The Nagelkerke R² value was 0.449, indicating a moderately strong predictive model. This shows that hypertension, risky diet, and poor sleep quality contribute to 44.9% of the explained variance in the incidence of ACS among young adults. Conclusion: Risk factors contribute to the high prevalence of hypertension in Bali, including a high salt and fat diet in Balinese cuisine, poor sleep habits, and traditional activities in Bali. Recommendations for future research include exploring cardio-social factors and culturally based prevention and control strategies for ACS in young adults in Bali.
The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and suicidal ideation: A potential inflammatory indicator in affective disorders Wirasto, Ronny Tri; Arganist, Maharani Primastuti
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 16, No 2, (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol16.Iss2.art7

Abstract

Background: Inflammation is increasingly recognized as a key factor in the pathophysiology of mental disorders, including affective disorders. Evidence suggests that elevated inflammation markers may be associated with a higher risk of suicidal ideation in patients with conditions such as depression and bipolar disorder. Cost-effective and accessible biomarkers are needed to identify individuals at high risk. The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is an easily obtainable inflammatory biomarker that may serve as a predictor of suicidal ideation in this population.Objectives: To evaluate the predictive performance of NLR for suicidal ideation in patients with affective disorders. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted using secondary data from medical records of inpatients at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, between January and December 2023. Eighty patients diagnosed with affective disorders were selected through consecutive sampling based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were classified into two groups: those with suicidal ideation and those without. Categorical variables were comparedusing the Chi-square test and numerical variables analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test or independent t-test, as appropriate. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the predictive performance of NLR, with the Area Under the Curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and optimal cut-off values reported. Results: The mean NLR was significantly higher in patients with suicidal ideation (3.55) than in those without (2.46)(p=<0.001). ROC curve analysis yielded an AUC value of 0.783 (p=<0.001). The optimal cut-off for NLR was 2.77, with a sensitivity of 72.5%,specificity of 72.5%, and accuracy of 72.5%. An odds ratio of 6.95 (95% CI) was observed, indicating a significant association between elevated NLR and suicidal ideation.Conclusion: A relationship exists between NLR and suicidal ideation in patients with affective disorders.
Individual and community factors of early sexual debut among adolescents in Indonesia: Evidence from demographic and health survey Sulistiawan, Dedik; Arifa, Riza Fatma; Matahari, Ratu; Chakranon, Pairote
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 16, No 2, (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol16.Iss2.art5

Abstract

Background: Early sexual debut by adolescents is a major public health issue with long-term consequences for sexual and reproductive health. Research has highlighted the role of social skills, peer influence, and social norms in shaping the risk of early sexual initiation among adolescents. However, there is still insufficient evidenceto contextualize the contributing factors in socio-ecological framework, especially in the era of disruptive technologies in Indonesia.Objective: This study was to examine the individual and community-level factors associated with early sexual debut in adolescents socio-ecological framework.Methods: This cross-sectional study utilizing data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). Individual-level factors included gender, age, work and school participation, dating experience, perceived peer pressure and access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information. Factors at community level include the area of residence and community internet access. Multilevel logistic regression was used, with effect sizes reported as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: Adolescents with dating experience (OR: 18.41; 95% CI: 8.14–41.62), those with friends who had an early sexual debut (OR: 6.24; 95% CI: 4.81–8.09), and those who had a good understanding of pregnancy prevention (OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.41–2.11) were more likely to experience early sexual debut. Protective factors included discussing SRH with teachers (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.64–0.90) and first exposure to SRH education at the junior (OR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.47–0.77) or senior high school level (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.23–0.74). An analysis at Community-level has shown that adolescents in areas with high internet accessare 59% less likely to engage in early sexual debut than their counterparts.Conclusion: Individual and community-level factors, including internet access, influence adolescent early sexual debut. Reinforcing sexual and reproductive health education in formal education systems is essential, especially in areas with limited acces to internet.
Optimising hospital management through integrated epidemiological data: A study in Samarinda Ardan, M.; Febriyanto, Kresna
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 16, No 2, (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol16.Iss2.art8

Abstract

Background: The high incidence of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and dengue fever in Samarinda, coupled with the low integration of epidemiological data—only 47% of hospitals are connected to the Hospital Information System (SIRS), which impedes evidence-based decision-making and compromises hospital service quality.Objectives: This study aims to describe the integration of epidemiological data in hospital administrative management, to assess its impact on management effectiveness and service quality, and to examine the mediating roles of data quality, data utilisation, and administrative human resource capacity.Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed in 10 hospitals in Samarinda, involving 139 administrative staff selected through a purposive and convenience sampling. The data for this study were collected using a validated and reliable Likert-scale questionnaire (1–5) and were analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) via Smart PLS.Results: Epidemiological Data Quality (β=0.979), Data Utilisation (β=0.273), and Administrative Human Resource Capacity (β=0.243) significantly influenced System Response to Outbreaks. All variables also significantly affected Hospital Administrative Management Effectiveness. System Response to Outbreaks mediated the relationship between organisational capabilities and administrative effectiveness (β=0.308), which subsequently had a significant impact on Hospital Service Quality (β=0.414).Conclusion: The quality of epidemiological data, its use in managerial decision-making, and the capacity of administrative personnel significantly influence the hospital service quality, both directly and through the mediating roles of system responsiveness and administrative management effectiveness.

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