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Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 24072354     EISSN : 24770612     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/psr
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Aims Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR), an international, peer-reviewed, open access, and official journal from Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, aims to disseminate research results and findings in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices. Major area of interest is natural products in drug discovery and development. We also consider other areas related to pharmaceutical sciences and practices. PSR publishes content in English language to promote the sharing of knowledge to international scholars. PSR publish 5 types of articles: 1. Original article 2. Case report 3. Case series 4. Review article 5. Mini review article Scope Researches in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices which are covered by PSR are within these subject areas: - Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry - Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Pharmaceutical Technology - Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - Clinical Pharmacy - Pharmacology-Toxicology - Social and Administrative Pharmacy, including Pharmacoeconomy
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Articles 355 Documents
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Antibiotic Sensitivity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa of DiabeticPatient’s Foot Ulcer Apridamayanti, Pratiwi; Meilinasary, Khairunnisa Azani; Sari, Rafika
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 3, No. 2
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Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients are at risk to have the diabetic ulcer. The main reason for DM’s patient with ulcer complication to be treated and healed in hospital is bacterial infection. One of many bacteria that infects diabetic ulcer is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The effort to treat this infection is by using antibiotic. The use of antibiotic unfortunately, is often found inaccurate causing the microbe resistance to occur. To choose the right antibiotic, it needs to test the antibiotic’s sensitivity towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The aim of this study is to determine the sensitivity of antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sample used was taken from diabetic ulcers swab with grade III and IV Wagner. The identification of bacteria was managed using the biochemical test and Gram staining test. Antibiotic sensitivity was determined by Kirby Bauer method. Antibiotics that were found still sensitive towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa included ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem, ceftriaxone, and cefotaxime, whereas cefadroxil and amikacin were resistant. Antibiotics that can be used for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in diabetic foot ulcer patients are ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem, ceftriaxone, and cefotaxime.
Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk.) Terhadap Kadar Superoksida Dismutase (SOD) Pada Plasma Tikus yang Mengalami Stres Oksidatif Butarbutar, Ruth Haryati; Robiyanto, Robiyanto; Untari, Eka Kartika
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 3, No. 2
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Cigarette smoke is free radicals superoxide resources that contains, hydrogen peroxide, hidrosil and peroksil. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzymatic antioxidants that protect cells from oxidative stress by catalyzing superoxide dismutase (O2 *) into O2 and H2O2 . This study aims to determine the potential of ethanolic extract petai leaves against plasma SOD enzyme activity in animals exposed by cigarette smoke. The simplicia extracted by maseration using ethanol 96%. Thirty-six rats Sprague Dawley strain were divided into six groups: normal group was not given treatment, negative group received 10% CMC-Na, positive control group received vitamin E, and treatment group received ethanolic extract petai leaves of 50; 100; 250 mg / kgBW of mice. All rats were treated for 14 days. SOD activity was measured by UV-Visible spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 505 nm. Statistical analysis using One Way ANOVA. The mean value of SOD activity to the normal, negative control, positive control and the group receiving the ethanolic extract petai leaves dose of 50; 100; 250 mg/kg in a row is 37 979 ± 3708; 59 932 ± 3085; 48 552 ± 1234; 57 239 ± 2102; 50 774 ± 1632; 59 124 ± 4849. The results show ethanolic extract petai leaves the most influence on the activity of SOD is a dose of 100 mg/kg.
Uji Aktivitas Penghambatan Xantin Oksidase secara In-Vitro oleh Isolat 6,4’-Dihidroksi-4-Metoksibenzofenon-2-O-β-D Glukopiranosida(C20H22O10) yang Diisolasi dari Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) Rina Yanti Eff, Aprilita; Rahayu, Sri Teguh; Syachfitri, Resta Dwi
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 3, No. 1
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Abstract

Hyperuricemia is a condition in which an increasing in uric acid levels abovenormal. Hyperuricemia is a major factor in the development of gout. Gout is adisease caused by the accumulation of monosodium urate crystals in the tissues dueto elevated levels of uric acid. Crown gods (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) is Indonesia native medicinal that has effect such as lowering blood pressure, diabetes mellitus drugand lowering uric acid levels. One of the chemical constituents of this plant is abenzopheneon compound that is 6,4’-dihydroxy-4-metoksi benzofenon-2-O-β-D-glukopiranosida (C20H22O10). Research was conducted to determine the activity of 6,4’-dihydroxy -4-metoksi benzofenon-2-O-β-D-glukopiranosida (C20H22O10) that isolated from Crown gods in inhibiting xanthine oxidase by in-vitro method using spechtrofotometer with allopurinol as a positive control.The results showed that isolates 6,4’-dihydroxy-4-metoksi benzofenon-2-O-β-D-glukopiranosida (C20H22O10) has inhibitory activity against xanthine oxidase with IC50 values 15.705 mg / mL. However, allopurinol has xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity higher than isolates with IC50value of 0.091 mg/mL. Lineweaver-Burk plot showed that isolates 6,4’-dihydroxy-4-metoksi benzofenon-2-O-β-D-glukopiranosida(C20H22O10) has a competitive inhibitory activity.
Pengaruh Pemberian Minyak Atsiri Daun Kemangi (Ocimum americanum L.) Terhadap ~ Motilitas Usus Mencit Putih Jantan Sriyani, Dewi; Saputri, Fadlina Chany
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 3, No. 1
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Kemangi (Ocimum americanum L.) is a well known plant that contains essential oils with citral as a major compound. Citral is reported to have beneficial effect on intestinal motility. In the present study, we investigated the effect of essential oil of kemangi leaves (Ocimum americanum L.) on male DDY mices intestinal motility. Thirty mices were divided into six groups and each group was pretreated with 0,2 ml of 0,5% CMC (negative control), 1 mg/kg BW of atropine sulfate (positive control), 5 mg/kg BW of citral (comparative control), and three dose variation of volatile oil of kemangi leaves (25 mg/kg BW; 50 mg/kg BW; 100 mg/kg BW) orally. All mices were given charcoal meal suspension 0,2 ml orally, and the animals were sacrificed. The percentage ratio and inhibition were analysed by measure the intestinal transit of charcoal. The results showed that the essential oil of kemangi leaves dose 100 mg/kg BW significantly (p < 0.05) reduced intestinal transit in mice with the percentage ihibition value of 59,79%. This value is not significant different (p > 0.05) compared with citral and atropine sulfate. It is concluded that the essential oil of kemangi leaves has potential effect as antispasmodic agent.
Uji Aktivitas Antiproliferasi Formula Liposom Ekstrak Etanol Kunyit (Curcuma domestica) Terhadap Sel Kanker Payudara T47D Pasaribu, Gabriella; Iskandarsyah, Iskandarsyah; Sagita, Erny
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 3, No. 1
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Breast cancer is one of deadliest diseases in world. Turmeric extract was known to have antiproliferative activity. To minimize its toxicity, turmeric extract was encapsulated with liposome, a vesicle lipid bilayer functioned as cancer drug carrier in body. This research aimed to determine encapsulation effect of turmeric ethanol extract against antiproliferative activity in T47D breast cancer cells through in vitro assay. Liposomes was made using thin layer method and particle size was reduced by extrusion. Materials used are phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and turmeric extract. Optimization of liposomes was made in three formulations with different concentrations of extract. Most optimal formulation was formulation with minimum amount of extract, judging from physical parameters which have smallest precipitates and longest settling time. Evaluation liposome particle size and zeta potential was used DLS, morphology was used TEM, and entrapment efficiency was used dialysis. Most optimal formulation was tested their antiproliferative activity compared with not encapsulated extracts used 3-(4,5-dimethylazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. There was decrease antiproliferative activity of encapsulated extracts. IC50 encapsulated extracts was 45.762 μg/ml and IC50 extracts was 36.399 μg/ml. Liposome particle size was below 445 nm. Zeta potential was -7.51 mV. Morphology was LUV and MVV. Entrapment efficiency was 63.80%. It could be concluded that encapsulation of turmeric extract into liposome could reduce its toxicity against cancer cells.
Uji Penghambatan Xantin Oksidase secara In Vitro Ekstrak Kulit Rambutan Putri, Nurul Eka; Rissyelly, Rissyelly; Mauldina, Marista Gilang
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 3, No. 1
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Hyperuricemia is a condition have higher uric acid levels that can cause a cumulation uric acid crystals in the tissues. Xanthine oxidase is an enzyme which catalyze the oxidation of hypoxanthine into xanthine and into uric acid.Therefore, the inhibition of xanthine oxidase will reduce ammount of uric acid. This research aims to determine xanthine oxidase inhibition activity and also to identify chemical constituent group of extract rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum Linn.) skin. Rambutan fruit skin was extracted by graded maceration using a three solvent, based on polarity the solvent are n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The test of inhibition xanthine oxidase activity was using a spectrophotometer at λ = 274.79 nm, pH 7.8, substrate concentration of xanthine 0.15 mM and an incubation temperature of 30°C. Inhibition on Allopurinol as positive control has IC50 0.15 μg/mL. The result showed that methanol extract of rambutan skin had the highest inhibition percentage with IC50 3.71 μg/mL. Phytochemical screening showed that the most active extract methanol of rambutan fruit skin contain flavonoids, saponins, tannins and terpenoids.
Karakterisasi dan Stabilitas Fisik Mikroemulsi Tipe A/M dengan Berbagai Fase Minyak Fitriani, Endang Wahyu; Imelda, Erlina; Kornelis, Christina; Avanti, Christina
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 3, No. 1
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This research consists of formulation, characterization and physical stability of the microemulsion of water-in-oil type. On the microemulsion, VCO, palm oil, olive oil and soybean oil were used as oil phase, aqua demineralisata used as the aqueous phase, a combination of Span® 80 and Tween® 80 as a surfactant and propanol as cosurfactant. Each formula was three times replication done and determined the physical characteristics including organoleptic observations, measurements of density, droplet, viscosity, flow properties, and pH. Determination of physical characteristics was done at the beginning of the microemulsion formed and after 5 weeks storage at room temperature. The physical stability test including the centrifugation test at 10,000 rpm for 30 minutes, the freeze-thaw test for 6 cycles, and heating stability with the oven temperature of 60ºC, 70ºC, 80ºC, 90ºC and 100ºC for 5 hours were done. The data obtained were analyzed using t-Test and one-way ANOVA. Based on the characteristic and physical stability tests, it was showed that microemulsion with VCO, palm oil and soybean oil had better physical characteristics and stability compared to the microemulsion with olive oil.
Evaluasi Kadar Kurkumin dalam Jamu Tradisional Kunir Asam yang Dijual di Pasar Kota Gede Bulan Februari 2015 Yusuf, Fitrilya Mustikahati; Nurkhasanah, Nurkhasanah
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 2, No. 3
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Javanese women often consume kunir asam to relieve dysmenorrhea symptom. It is a traditional herbal medicine which is conventionally prepared from curcuma domestica. One of the active compound of curcuma domestica is curcumin. The purpose of this research is to determine the amount of curcumin available in kunir asam selling in daily market of Kota Gede. Curcumin level in daily batches consistency was also evaluated. Curcumin analysis was conducted by qualitative and quantitative tests by TLC densitometry method. A total of 50.0 ml kunir asam was extracted with 25.0 ml of chloroform, and then the mixture was dried by evaporation. The dried residue of extract was then reconstituted in 5.0 ml of 96% ethanol. 5 μl of sample supernatant and standard solutions spotted on the plates of silica gel 60 F254 that has been activated previously. The organic solvent mixture comprise of chloroform: ethanol: glacial acetic acid (94:5:1) was used as the mobile phase for elution, and the spots were then analyzed by using densitometry at wavelength of 425 nm. Curcumin levels was calculated by inputting the size of spot area data into the standard curve linear regression equation of curcumin concentration versus the size of spot area. The data analysis was performed by normality test Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Levene test of homogeneity followed by Post Hoc / Test LSD (Least Significant Difference) or Mann Whitney. TLC analysis conducted on four samples of “kunir asam” displayed a disparities on the curcumin level between the three days of sampling in a row. Statistical analysis of the curcumin content in traditional herbal medicine of “kunir asam” samples showed that the levels were not consistent in the three days of the examination. Curcumin levels in all four samples were also shows a significant difference in variations.
Toksisitas Ekstrak Etanol Mangifera foetida L. sebagai Pengkelat Besi Ditinjau dari LD50 dan Komponen Sel Darah Wahyuni, Tri; Sari, Santi Purna; Estuningtyas, Ari; Freisleben, HJ
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 2, No. 3
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Ethanolic extract of bacang mango leaves (Mangifera foetida L.) decreased iron concentration in blood Sprague dawley rats that had been induced iron overload. The aim of this experiment was to determine acute toxicity (LD50) value of ethanolic extract of M.foetida by weil method and its effect to blood component. This study was conducted by employing a complete random design using 25 male and 25 female mice of DDY strain which devided into 5 groups. The first group until fourth group were administered ethanolic extract of M.foetida with dose variation which suspension in aquadest orally. The fifth group was control that administered aquadest. The LD50 was determined by the total of death on all group. LD50 value of the extract showed no death in the biggest doses (13.013 g/kg). The examination was continued with measured blood count (erythrocites, trombocytes, leukocytes, and haemoglobin concentration). It was shown that the extract at dose 1.626; 3.253; 6.506 and 13.013 g/kg unchanged the blood count measurement.
Pengaruh Kandungan Komponen Minor dari Minyak Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Proses Pemurnian Karotenoid Sinaga, Ahmad Gazali Sofwan; Siahaan, Donald
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 2, No. 3
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Palm oil contains carotenoid and vitamin E which possess antioxidant properties. A long exposure of heat and chemical substances during the purification process may lower antioxidant activity. This research was conducted to compare antioxidant activity of carotenoid and vitamin E obtained from each stage of three continuous purification process (transesterification, solvolytic micellization, and saponification). Total carotenoid concentration was analyzed by UV-visible spectrophotometer at λ 446 nm and total vitamin E concentration was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, while ester and triglyceride concentration were analyzed by gas chromatography. Antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH assay with incubation time in 60 minutes. The highest concentration of carotenoid (229,968 mcg/ml) was extracted from saponification process, yet the highest concentration of vitamin E (97.64 mcg/ml) was extracted from transesterification process. The highest antioxidant activity of carotenoids and vitamin E was obtained from the transesterification process, while other processes had lower antioxidant activity, so it can be concluded that exposure to heat and excessive chemical substances couldimpact on antioxidant activity.

Page 25 of 36 | Total Record : 355

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