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Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam
Published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro Lampung
ISSN : 1693069X     EISSN : 23562420     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32332/akademika
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Social,
Religion Humanities Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Akademika provides a means for sustained discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scopes of the journal which can be examined empirically. Akademika welcome papers from academicians on theories, philosophy, conceptual paradigms, academic research, as well as religion practices
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 470 Documents
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THE PERSPECTIVES OF ISLAMIC SCHOLARS ON RELIGIOUS DERADICALIZATION AND SOCIAL MEDIA ROLES M Nurul Ikhsan Saleh; Yuli Astiana
Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Vol 26 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (366.23 KB) | DOI: 10.32332/akademika.v26i2.3565

Abstract

Tackling religious radicalism is a challenge in Indonesia which acts of intolerance, group exclusion, religion-based violence, terrorism, and hate speech through social media occur repeatedly. This study aims to explore the perceptions of Islamic scholars in Yogyakarta regarding the deradicalization of religion and the role of social media in religious deradicalization. This research uses a case study method which is part of qualitative research. Researchers collected data by conducting in-depth interviews via offline or online interviews through the Zoom application. Participants were 16 male and female Islamic scholars coming from various backgrounds of Islamic organizations, such as Muhammadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama, the Indonesian Islamic Da’wah Institute, Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia, and the Qur’an Tafsir Council. The location of this research is Yogyakarta Special Region. Interview data were analyzed using thematic analysis methods. This study of religious deradicalization found four major themes, namely strengthening awareness of being Indonesia, prioritizing an inclusive approach as a soft approach in fighting radicalism, promoting a deep understanding of Islam, and utilizing social media. This research provides a novel finding that could contribute to the government, religious leaders, educational institutions, and The National Counter Terrorism Agency where religious deradicalization programs need to be focused on a soft approach, involving the use of social media, targeting blind spot areas such as study programs of medical, engineering, and pharmacy at universities and ensuring mosques uncontrolled by radical groups.
PEMBUMIAN MISI PROFETIK DI TENGAH ARUS GLOBALISASI PERSPEKTIF ISLAM HUMANIS Yusdani Yusdani
Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Vol 16 No 1 (2011): Agama dan Kearifan Lokal di Tengah Arus Globalisasi
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

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Abstract

Penulis membahas globalisasi yang salah satu karakteristiknya adalah mempertemukan aspek-aspek social menjadi sebuah standar baru. Standar tersebut tidak lepas dari sisi negative yang berimbas pada perubahan social dan budaya. Tulisan ini berkaitan dengan isu humanitarian sebagai dampak negative globalisasi. Cendekiawan muslim perlu memberikan penerangan kepada sosial dengan mengerjakannya juga, hal ini membutuhkan kerangka skema perumusan dari Islam untuk mempertahankan nilai-nalai kemanusiaan. The author of article below tries to discuss that globalization has the characteristics of uniting the social aspects into a new standard for various parts of the world as well as the negative impact toward social and cultural change, dealing with humanitarian issues as the negative impact of globalization, Muslim intellectuals need to provide enlightenment to the society By doing so, it needs to be formulated paradigmatic framework of Islam to defend human values. In this sense, Humanist Islam discourse in the context of scientific development and to formulate strategic steps toward concrete and took a position as a science and a discourse based on prophetic values. Thus, developing and Islamic teaching in Indonesia today is Islamic as a science. So, it needs paradigm shift from the theocentric-eschatological- to anthropocentric transformative.
KAFĀ’AH IN THE AHMADIYYA MARRIAGE: HOMOGAMOUS- HETEROGAMY AND SECT PRESERVATION Ikhwan Fuad Hasan; Lukman Santoso
Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Vol 24 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (284.835 KB)

Abstract

Ahmadiyya has a different concept of kafā’ah in marriage compared to several Muslims communities. The majority of Muslim scholars agree the main factor of kafā’ah in marriage is religiosity which is interpreted as theistic and moral, but Ahmadiyya interprets it as religious commonality. As a result, an Ahmadi woman is forbidden to marry a non-Ahmadi man. Meanwhile, an Ahmadi man is allowed to marry a non-Ahmadi woman, even a non-Muslim woman. Any adherent who violates the provision will be removed from the sect as an organizational sanction. Related to the facts, this paper aims to discuss the motivation, strategy, and goal of the provision. It uses a descriptive-analytic approach to analyze kafā’ah provision in Ahmadiyya literature with homogamy and heterogamy concepts. The results of this study show that the provision is motivated by historical and social factors, such as group discrimination, operational prohibitions, physical and non-physical violence. In addition, Ahmadiyya implements a homogamous-heterogamy concept in the provision as a strategy to preserve its teachings and resist its adherents from other religious affiliations. The provision has been preserving the existence of Ahmadiyya from its establishment to the present. Keywords: Ahmdiyya, Kafā’ah, Homogamy, Heterogamy
DUALISM AND INTEGRATION SYSTEM OF EDUCATION: PERSPEKTIF SEJARAH Gunawan Ikhtiono
Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Vol 23 No 1 (2018): Good Coorporate Governance dan Manajemen Lembaga Pendidikan Islam
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

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Abstract

Abstract A mosque was the first place to conduct education, from which science developed to experience its heyday in the 12th and 13th centuries AD. Methods of scientific discussions taking place within such as the As-Shofwah Brotherhood, Bait Al-Hikmah, Daarul Hikmah, were supported by the Caliphs or community leaders by giving maximum funding assistance. From the mosque, educational institutions developed into Madrasah Nidzamiyah to Al-Qarawiyyin University and Al-Azhar University. Nevertheless, such funding assistance is never free from political agenda aimed at developing and maintaining cetain ideals or schools of thought. As for the learning process, the sulthans and muslim scholars do not distinguish between the sciences related to the world and that related to the hereafter (habluminallah wa habluminannas). Both are studied and explored without separating them. So, in the golden age of Islam, an expert in the field of medicine could also be an expert in in the field of Sufism. An expert in worship might also be an expert in astronomy, and a mathematician could be a philosopher as well. Keywords: Mosque, Management, Curriculum, and Integration of Science Abstrak Masjid adalah tempat pertama yang menyelenggarakan pendidikan. Dari Masjid itu Ilmu Pengetahuan berkembang hingga mengalami masa kejayaannya di abad 12 dan 13 M. Metode diskusi-diskusi ilmiah yang berlangsung di dalamnya, seperti Ikhwan As-Shofwah, Bait Al-Hikmah, Daarul Hikmah, didukung oleh para Khalifah ataupun tokoh masyarakat dengan memberikan bantuan pembiayaan yang sebesar-besarnya. Dari Masjid itulah lembaga pendidikan berkembang menjadi Madrasah Nidzamiyah hingga Universitas Al-Qarawiyyin dan Universitas Al-Azhar. Meskipun demikian, tidak terelakkan bahwa bantuan-bantuan tersebut ada muatan politik untuk mengembangkan serta mempertahankan faham/mazhab yang anutnya. Adapun dalam proses pembelajarannya, para Sulthan dan para Cendikiawan Muslim tidak membedakan antara Ilmu yang berhubungan dengan dunia dan akhirat (habluminallah wa habluminannas). Keduanya dipelajari dan didalami tanpa memisahkannya. Sehingga, di zaman keemasan Islam (the golden age), seseorang yang ahli dalam bidang Kedokteran tetapi juga seorang yang ahli Tasawuf. Seorang yang ahli ibadah, adalah juga seorang yang ahli Astronomi. Seorang ahli Matematika juga sebagai Filosof. Kata Kunci: Masjid, Manajemen, Kurikulum, and Integrasi Keilmuan
REAKTUALISASI HUKUM ISLAM Vita Fitria
Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Vol 17 No 2 (2012): Memperkuat Citra Islam sebagai Agama Perdamaian
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

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Abstract

Dalam perkembangan pemikiran Islam kontemporer saat ini, mulai berkembang suatu pemikiran sumber hukum yang dianggap mandiri yakni maslahah atau maqashid asy-syariyyah. Belakangan konsep tersebut makin berkembang bahkan menjadi disiplin ilmu yang seolah terlepas dari ilmu ushul fikh. Konsep pemikiran tersebut meski mulai berkembang belakangan, namun secara implisit sudah dijadikan sebagai landasan berpikir oleh para intelektual Muslim tak terkecuali di Indonesia. Munawir Sjadzali, seorang intelektual Muslim Indonesia, memunculkan ide tentang “Reaktualisasi Ajaran Islam“ dengan mengedepankan aspek maslahah. Dalam hal ini Munawir lebih mengkonkritkan lagi pada tiga kerangka metodologi yakni adat, nasakh dan maslahah. Lebih lanjut tulisan ini akan mengupas tentang garis besar pemikiran Munawir terutama pada masalah waris dan bunga bank, beserta argumen-argumen yang melatari konsep pemikirannya. Melalui pendekatan fikh dan ushul fikh, penulis akan menggali aspek pembaruan serta sedikit mengurai tentang pemikiran tokoh Indonesia yang lain sebagai pembanding, juga mengulas tentang beberapa polemik seputar konsep ijtihad yang ditawarkan oleh Munawir tersebut. In the development of contemporary study of Islam, there grows an autunomous idea of source of law, that is maslahah or maqashid asy-syariyyah. Lately, this concept has been growing to be a discipline that autonomously apart from ushul fiqh. Relatively new, this discipline has implisitely become a basic of thought for many Moslem intellectualists, including in Indonesia. Munawir Sadjali, one of those, proposed an idea of “Reactualize of Islam” by advancing aspect of maslahah. In this standpoint, Munawir concretize on three methodological frames, namely adat (tradition), nasakh, and maslahah. Further, this writing will analyse the outline of Munawair‟s reasoning, particullary on issues of inheritance and bank interest, along with arguments of his background concept. Through fiqh and ushul fiqh approachment , the writer will dig up some aspects of renewal and a little of some other thoughts of Indonesian figures as comparators; and will also provide a review around polemic of Munawir‟s idea on concept of ijtihad.
KEPEMIMPINAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF ULAMA PESANTREN DI ACEH Marzuki Marzuki
Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Vol 19 No 1 (2014): Agama dan Kepemimpinan
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

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Abstract

AbstrakKepemimpinan perempuan dalam Islam masih menjadi salah satu persoalan yang menjadi perdebatan di kalangan Ulama di dunia, Indonesia bahkan di tingkat daerah. Aceh merupakan satu-satunya daerah legalisasi pelaksanaan syariat Islam di Indonesia, sehingga mengetahui pandangan para Ulama di Aceh tentang kepemimpinan perempuan yang masih menjadi polemik merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan menarik, terutama pandangan para Ulama Pesantren di Aceh. Studi ini berbentuk analisis terhadap jajak pendapat yang dikumpulkan dari pandangan para ulama Pesantren di Aceh terhadap kepemimpinan perempuan. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa Ulama Pesantren di Aceh memiliki dua pandangan dalam meninjau kebolehan seorang perempuan menjadi pemimpin. Pertama, membedakan antara urusan Syariah dan muamalah. Dalam urusan syariah, para Ulama sepakat tidak membolehkan seorang perempuan menjadi pemimpin, seperti menjadi Imam shalat dan Khatib Jumat. Sedangkan dalam urusan muamalah, mereka membolehkan seorang perempuan menjadi pemimpin, seperti menjadi Kepala sekolah, ketua PKK, ketua Koperasi dan lain-lain, hingga Jabatan legislatif dan eksekutif. Kedua, Ulama Pesantren di Aceh “memberi celah” bagi perempuan untuk menjadi pemimpin, yaitu mereka pada dasarnya melarang atau tidak membolehkan seorang perempuan menjadi pemimpin. Namun, apabila ada di antara perempuan yang mencalonkan diri, dan dia memiliki kemampuan dan dijamin keagamaannya, maka hal tersebut tidak dipermasalahkan, asalkan ia memiliki kecakapan dan berada pada jalan syariat Islam. Female leadership in Islam is still one of the contentious issues among Ulama in the world , Indonesia and the local level. Aceh is the only area of the legalizations the implementation of Islamic law in Indonesia, so knowing the views of the Ulama in Aceh on women’s leadership is still being debated and is a very important and interesting, especially the view of the Ulama Pesantren in Aceh. This study is an analysis of the poll form collected from the view of the scholars boarding school in Aceh on women’s leadership . The results of this study indicate that the boarding school in Aceh Ulama have two views in reviewing the permissibility of a woman becoming a leader . First ,the respondents distinguish between Sharia and muamalah affairs. In matters of sharia , the scholars agreed not to allow a woman to become a leader , as an Imam and Khatib. While in the affairs muamalah, they allow a woman to become leaders, such as being a school principal, chairperson of a cooperation, up to the legislative and executive Position. Second , Ulama Pesantren in Aceh “giving gap” for women to become leaders, that they basically do not prohibit or allow a woman becomes a leader. However, if there is among women who ran, and she has the ability and guaranteed religious, then it does not matter, as long as she has the skill and is on the way Islamic law.
THE DYNAMICS OF SPIRITUALITY IN THE OLD AGE: THE PERSPECTIVE OF MAQASHID AL-SHARIAH AND PSYCHOLOGY Mubasirun Mubasirun; Sa'adi Sa'adi
Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Vol 26 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (361.847 KB) | DOI: 10.32332/akademika.v26i1.3281

Abstract

This study aimed to describe the dynamics of spirituality among the retirement community viewed from the perspective of Maqashid al-Shari’ah and Psychology that are the factors that cause the strengthening of the activities of the spirituality to liberate itself from the situation of post-power syndrome. In-depth interviews and observations, data reduction, data presentation, and verification are the mainstay methods in the data collection and analysis of this study. The results of this study show that the mashlahah (benefit) that is the meeting point between the theory of Maqashid al-Shari’ah and Psychology become a basic need for the retirement community. In their old age, the retirement community precisely strengthens their spirituality. The strengthening factors of their spirituality are the motivation of the fulfillment of the needs of the world and hereafter, free of social conflicts, as well as the awards and respect from their surrounding community because of their devotion and example (social devotion and leadership).
DIGITAL REORIENTATION OF ISLAMIC HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDONESIA Kastolani Kastolani
Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Vol 24 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (192.632 KB)

Abstract

The digital era and rapid technological developments require responses from various institutions to be able to survive and be able to use it well. Islamic education also needs to respond to this. Therefore, the reorientation of Islamic education in the digital era is important to discuss. This article aims to discuss various thoughts related to the reorientation of Islamic education in the digital era. The discussion is focused on approaches, models, and methods in Islamic studies at Islamic higher education using descriptive analysis. This article recommends the reorientation of Islamic education in the digital era can be done through three things, namely first, with a historical approach, second, by avoiding pseudo-diversification models, and third, by using Blended e-learning methods. Thus the Islamic Higher Education institutions can carry out its role and function in education that is sensitive to the times and at the same time the manifestation of Islam as rahmatanlil 'alamin in the digital era. Keywords: Blended E-Learning, Digital Era, and Technology.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL SHARIA BOARD’S FATWA NUMBER 108 YEAR 2016 ABOUT SHARIA TOURISM ON HALAL TOURISM PRODUCTS Muhammad Rifqi Hidayat; Parman Komarudin
Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Vol 24 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

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Abstract

The fatwa of the National Sharia Board (DSN), specifically aimed to Islamic financial institutions (LKS), is always binding and must be adhered by Islamic financial institutions based on Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2008 about Sharia Banking. But not in the DSN Fatwa Number 108 about sharia tourism, because there are not regulations of legislation in Indonesia that require sharia-related tourism elements to observe this fatwa. So, this research is carried out to analyze how sharia travels agencies Practice if reviewed by DSN fatwa. Data will be taken from PT. Rizma Tour & Travel which has halal tourism products, with a triangulation system through interviews, observation, and documents. The data used analyzed qualitatively using a juridical-sociological approach. The results of this research that PT. Rizma has implemented all the conditions required by the fatwa according to their needs on business basis, even though juridical it is not as ideal as what the DSN wants. Then needed a legal basis to raise the DSN fatwa of sharia tourism in order that must be implemented by businessmen, this is the technical instructions that contain the way of implementations and exceptions in application on the field.
PEMBERDAYAAN PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI KOPERASI UNIT DESA BERBASIS USAHA TERBIMBING Erlina Rufaidah
Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Vol 22 No 2 (2017): Ekonomi Islam dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

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Abstract

Abstrak Koperasi dan masyarakat merupakan aspek penting dalam peningkatan ekonomi pedesaan yang akan bermuara pada kemajuan desa tersebut. Maka koperasi dan masyarakat tidak dapat berjalan sendiri-sendiri atau bergerak terlalu dominan pada salah satu aspek nya, sehingga pola gerakan koperasi harus selalu beriringan dengan pola gerakan masyarakat sebagai anggotanya. Usaha terbimbing merupakan sebuah perlakuan khusus kepada pelaku usaha untuk dapat diberikan pendampingan, pembimbingan, penyuluhan hingga pada tahap evaluasi usaha. Hal tersebut dimaksudkan agar pelaku usaha tersebut dapat terarah dengan baik, mampu memecahkan masalah, mampu menjawab tantangan, mampu mengikuti perkembangan zaman dan memiliki daya saing sehingga usaha yang didirikan dapat terus maju dan berkembang sebagai bukti turut ambil bagian dalam pembangunan perekonomian masyarakat. Pemberdayaan dengan cara pembimbingan atau pendampingan dinilai akan berjalan lebih efektif dan efesien sehingga target yang telah ditentukan dapat lebih mudah dicapai. Paradigma yang masih menganggap koperasi menjadi jalan untuk kepentingan individual profit oriented sudah seharusnya untuk di-revitalisasi menjadi multi-purpose oriented. Sehingga fungsi dan peran koperasi dapat berjalan dengan optimal sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsipnya. Pengembangan model usaha terbimbing dipandang akan menjadi jalan solusi bagi koperasi unit desa untuk dapat mencapai target capaian yang telah ditetapkan. Kata kunci: Pemberdayaan Perekonomian, Koperasi Unit Desa, dan Usaha Terbimbing Abstract Cooperation and community is the important aspect in increasing rural economic which lead to the development of its rural area. Then, cooperation and community can not walk aone or moving dominanly on one of the aspect, so the cooperation pattern movement must be hand in hand with community pattern movement as its member. Guided business is a special treatment to the businessmen in order to get guiding, supervising, counseling until evaluation business step. That means the businessmen will be guided well, able to solve problem, able to answer the challenge, able following development era and have competitiveness so the business that established able to develop, As proof of taking part in community economical development. Empowerment by way of mentoring or mentoring assessed will run more effectively and efficiently so that the target that has been determined can be more easily achieved. The paradigm that still considers the cooperative to be the way for the benefit of individual profit oriented is supposed to be in the revitalization become multi-purpose oriented. So, the function and role of cooperation can run optimally in accordance with the principles. The development of a guided business model is seen as the path of solution for the cooperation of village unit (KUD) to achieve the established performance target. Keyword: Economical Empowering, The Cooperation of Village Unit (KUD), and Guided Business

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