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Ivandini Tribidasari A.
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Makara Journal of Science
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23391995     EISSN : 23560851     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/mss
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Science publishes original research or theoretical papers, notes, and minireviews on new knowledge and research or research applications on current issues in basic sciences, namely: Material Sciences (including: physics, biology, and chemistry); Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology (including: microbiology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy and evolution); and Biotechnology.
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Articles 880 Documents
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THE FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING AND ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC ACTIVITIES OF VARIOUS GAMBIERS AVAILABLE IN INDONESIAN MARKET Widiyarti, Galuh; Sundowo, Andini; Hanafi, Muhammad
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF CuO/TS-1 ON BENZENE HYDROXYLATION REACTION Ediati, Ratna; Fansuri, Hamzah; Prasetyoko, Didik
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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CuO/TS-1 catalysts have been prepared and tested in the benzene hydroxylation. TS-1 was synthesized by hydrothermal method, while CuO/TS-1 was prepared by impregnation method using Cu(NO)2.3H2O as precursor. Catalysts were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and N2 adsorption-desorption techniques. The catalytic activity was tested in the hydroxylation reaction of benzene. The products were analyzed using gas chromatography. Catalyst characterization by XRD and IR techniques have showed that the catalyst structure was a MFI type of zeolite. XRD pattern have showed the orthorombic structure and indicated the presence of CuO aggregation. The results of the pyridine adsorption have found that the acidity of TS-1 and CuO/TS-1 were a Lewis acid and it’s increased with an increasing amount of CuO loading. The results of nitrogen adsorption analysis have showed decreasing of surface areas of catalyst with increasing amount of CuO loading. The optimum conditions of benzene hydroxylation was observed by 1%CuO/TS-1 catalyst at 70 °C, reaction time 2 h and acetic acid as the solvent yielded 27.6% of phenol with phenol selectivity was 75.5%
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CO-PROCESSED EXCIPIENT CARRAGEENAN-PREGELATINIZED CASSAVA STARCH PROPIONATE AS A MATRIX IN THE GASTRORETENTIVE DOSAGE Anwar, Effionora; Komariah, Engkom; Junaedi, Junaedi
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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COMBINATION OF DEPOT MEDROXY PROGESTERONE ACETATE AND JAVANESE LONG PEPPER EXTRACT ON BODY WEIGHT, HEMATOLOGY, AND BLOOD BIOCHEMISTRY AS A SAFE CONTRACEPTION MODEL Yurnadi, Yurnadi; Asmida, Yoel; Suryandari, Dwi Anita; Moeloek, Nukman
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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The development of male hormonal contraception is based on a decrease in sperm concentration without affecting libido and sexual potency. The combination of depot medroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA) + extract of Javanese long pepper (JLP) with dosages of 0.94 mg and 1.88 mg decreases the concentration of spermatozoa. However, it remains unknown whether the combination influences body weight, hematology, and blood biochemistry. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effect of DMPA + JLP extracts on the body weight, hematology, and blood biochemistry of male rats (Rattusnorvegicus L.) using Sprague-Dawley strains. The research uses a completely randomized design (CRD); one group control and two treatment groups. In the first group, the castrated rats were given oral administration extracts of JLP (CJ) with doses of 0, 0.94, 1.88, 2.82, and 3.76 mg. In the second group, the rats were injected with 1.25 mg DMPA and given an oral administration extract of JLP. Injection was given in week-0 and 12. Administration was conducted every day from week 7-18. Analysis of the normality and homogeneity of data is done before the ANOVA test. Data that is abnormal and not homogeneous are tested with non-parametric statistical Kruskal-Wallis. This study shows that the combination of minimal doses of DMPA and administration variousdoses of extracts of JLP does not affect body weight and hematology (erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrite), and the blood biochemistry of rats, such as the values of SGPT, SGOT, HDL, and triglycerides (p < 0.05), but rather the total cholesterol and LDL (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it is concluded that the combination of the minimal dosage of DMPA and weaned various dosages of JLP extracts affect the total value and LDL cholesterol but do not influence body weight, nor hematology and blood biochemistry. Such combinations can be drawn on for asafe male contraceptive model t by taking into account the value of the total cholesterol and LDL during its use.
SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF GINGER OLEORESIN USING ULTRASOUND Supardan, Muhammad Dani; Fuadi, Anwar; Alam, Pocut Nurul; Arpi, Normalina
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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The use of ultrasound in extraction process creates novel and interesting methodologies, which are often complementary to conventional extraction methods. In the present study, the use of ultrasound to extract oleoresin from ginger (Zingiber officinale R.) was investigated. The extraction was performed by using ethanol as solvent in the presence of ultrasonic irradiations operating at frequency of 42 kHz at extraction temperature of 60 o C. The oleoresin extracted was in the form of dark thick liquid with specific ginger flavor. Based on GC-MS analysis, the use of ultrasound was not give an effect on alteration of main component in ginger oleoresin. The main component in extracted ginger oleoresin was zingerone. Gingerol as one of the pungent principle of the ginger oleoresin was not detected due to decomposition of gingerol at a temperature above 45 o C. Extraction rate of ultrasound-assisted extraction was about 1.75 times more rapid than a conventional system based on soxhlet. The scanning electron microscopy images provided more evidence for the mechanical effects of ultrasound, mainly appearing on cells’ walls and shown by the destruction of cells, facilitating the release of their contents.
ISOLATION, CLONING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIN-ENCODING cDNAs FROM Jatropha curcas L. IP-2P Yuniati, Ratna; Widyastuti, Utut; Sopandie, Didy; Yokota, Akiho; Akashi, Kinya; Suharsono, Suharsono
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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Actin is a major component of the plant cytoskeleton, so all cells contain this protein. Actin is expressed constitutively and is involved in basic housekeeping functions required for cell maintenance. Because of this, it has been frequently used as an internal control to normalize changes in gene expressions analysis. Actually, the information of nucleotide sequence of actin gene of Jatropha curcas L. population IP-2P from Indonesia is not available yet. The objective of this research was to isolate, clone and characterize cDNA of actin genes of J. curcas IP-2P. Three partial actin gene sequences had been successfully isolated by PCR using total cDNA as template, and actin primer designed from conserved region of Arabidopsis thaliana. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that the length of JcACT fragment is 610, 534, and 701 bp encoding 203, 177, and 234 amino acids respectively. Local alignment analysis based on mRNA sequences shows that JcACT fragment shares 98% similarity with actin mRNA of Hevea brasiliensis and 99% with actin mRNA of Ricinus communis. Based on deduced amino acid sequence, JcACT is 100% identical to actins from Prunus salicina, Gossypium hirsutum, and Betula luminifera. Even though these clones of cDNA are not completed yet, they can be used as reference in J. curcas L. gene expression analysis.
CLONING OF DENGUE VIRUS TYPE 3 (INDONESIAN STRAIN D3-1703) NON STRUCTURAL-1 GENE INTO pYES2/CT VECTOR Narita, Vanny; Widyanto, Rahma Micho; Pambudi, Sabar; Sudiro, Tjahjani Tjahjani
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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Dengue is an infectious disease caused by dengue virus. Dengue endemic region includes America, Western Pacific, Africa, East Mediterranian, and South East Asia including Indonesia. An early diagnostic system specific for Indonesia is needed to control dengue in Indonesia. In this research, cloning of Non Structural 1 (NS1) gene from dengue virus type 3 (Indonesian strain D3-1703) into pYES2/CT vector was performed. In the long run, NS1 recombinant protein will be expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for diagnostic materials. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of NS1 gene fragments were done with optimal annealing temperature at 55 ºC. NS1 gene fragment and pYES2/CT were cut by BamH I and Not I enzymes. The digested pYES2/CT was dephosphosrylated using Calf Intestine Alkaline Phospatase enzyme. Ligation with the vector:insert ratio of 1:12 and 1:20 resulted in 6 and 5 recombinant colony candidates respectively. Restriction enzyme and PCR verifications showed that 5 recombinant plasmids contained NS1 gene. Sequencing of the first 600 bp of one recombinant plasmid was performed. The blastn analysis showed that it had a 99% identity with dengue virus type 3 strain FW06. Finally, it was shown that NS1 clone within pYES2/CT was in the correct Open Reading Frame and ready to be expressed in S. cerevisiae.
SEROSURVEILLANCE OF AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS SUBTYPE H5N1 WITH HAEMAGGLUTINATION-INHIBITION ON WILD AQUATIC BIRDS IN PULAU DUA SERANG NATURAL RESERVES, BANTEN PROVINCE Elfidasari, Dewi; Solihin, Dedy Duryadi; Soejoedono, Retno Damayanti; Murtini, Sri; Noor, Yus Rusila
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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Further detailed research is required to obtain deeper information on the role of wild birds on the distribution of Avian influenza in Asia. A research has been carried out on February–June 2007 focused on blood sampling (serosurveillance) of wild birds in Pulau Dua Nature Reserves (CAPD), Serang, Banten. The research is aimed to investigate the infection of AI virus sub-tye H5N1 on the studied wild birds. The blood samples were taken from studied aquatic birds, followed by HI (haemagglutination-inhibition) test. A total of 183 samples represent 7 water bird species were taken i.e Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis, Javan pond-heron Ardeola speciosa, Little egret Egretta garzetta, Intermediate egret Egretta intermedia, Black-crowned night heron Nycticorax nycticorax, Great egret Casmerodius albus and Grey heron Ardea cinerea. The result revealed that 41 (23.27%) samples showed the present of AIV antibodies serotype H5N1 which is identified as positive. Data showed 5 positive-test species, including B. ibis (29.27%), E. garzetta (29.27%), E. intermedia (4.88%), Ardeola speciosa (7.32%), and N. nycticorax (29.27%). A total of 41.46% were infected adult individual, whereas 58.54% were juveniles.
EFFECTS OF NEUTRINO ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM FACTORS ON NEUTRINO INTERACTION WITH FINITE TEMPERATURE ELECTRON MATTER Satiawati, Listiana; Sulaksono, Anto
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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The differential cross-section of neutrino interaction with dense and warm electron gasses has been calculated by taking into account the neutrino electromagnetic form factors. The significant effect of electromagnetic properties of neutrino can be found if the neutrino dipole moment, μ ν , is ≥ 5.10-9 μB and neutrino charge radius, Rv, is ≥ 5.10-6 MeV-1. The importance of the retarded correction, detailed balance and Pauli blocking factors is shown and analyzed. Many-body effects on the target matter which are included via random phase approximation (RPA) correlation as well as photon effective mass are also investigated.
BAND ALIGNMENT OF ULTRATHIN GIZO/SiO2/Si HETEROSTRUCTURE DETERMINED BY ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY Tahir, Dahlang; Ilyas, Sri Dewi Astuty; Kang, Hee Jae
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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Amorphous GaInZnO (GIZO) thin films are grown on SiO2/Si substrate by the RF magnetron sputtering method. By the combination of measured band gaps from reflection energy loss spectroscopy (REELS) spectra and valence band from X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra, we have demonstrated the energy band alignment of GIZO thin films. The band gap values are 3.2 eV, 3.2 eV, 3.4eV and 3.6eV for the concentration ratios of Ga: In: Zn in GIZO thin films are 1:1:1, 2:2:1, 3:2:1 and 4:2:1, respectively. These are attributed to the larger band gap energy of Ga2O3 compared with In2O3 and ZnO. The valence band offsets (ΔEv) decrease from 2.18 to 1.68 eV with increasing amount of Ga in GIZO thin films for GIZO1 to GIZO4, respectively. These experimental values of band gap and valence band offset will provide the further understanding in the fundamental properties of GIZO/SiO2/Si heterostructure, which will be useful in the design, modeling and analysis of the performance devices applications

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