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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 1,528 Documents
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Menurunkan stunting: advokasi penggunaan dana desa oleh bidan desa di Kecamatan Sungai Rotan Kabupaten Muara Enim Eka Putri Puspita Aryanti; Thamrin, Edo Prabudi; Fitriana Puspitarani; Delli Aridasari
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS7 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Objective: Bidan desa di Kecamatan Sungai Rotan mengadvokasikan penggunaan dana desa untuk usaha kesehatan bersumberdaya masyarakat (UKBM) dengan fokus pada penanggulangan stunting di tahun 2018. Artikel ini membahas refleksi pembelajaran dari proses advokasi dan pengawalan realisasi dana desa untuk menurunkan stunting di Kecamatan Sungai Rotan sejak tahun 2018-2020. Content: Bidan desa memiliki peran strategis sebagai perpanjangan tangan puskesmas dalam mengadvokasikan penganggaran dana desa dan mengawal realisasi dana desa untuk usaha kesehatan bersumberdaya masyarakat (UKBM). Program dana desa dimulai sejak tahun 2015 dengan tujuan untuk membiayai penyelenggaran pemerintahan, pembangunan, dan pemberdayaan masyarakat desa. Berdasarkan Buku Saku Dana Desa yang diterbitkan oleh Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia pada tahun 2018, dana desa dapat digunakan untuk upaya kesehatan masyarakat dalam bidang sarana prasarana sosial pelayanan dasar. Pada tahun 2018, angka stunting di Kabupaten Muara Enim mencapau 14,42% dan Kecamatan Sungai Rotan menjadi salah satu penyumbang angka stunting saat itu. Hal ini disikapi oleh bidan desa di Kecamatan Sungai Rotan dengan cara mengadvokasikan penggunaan dana desa untuk upaya penanggulangan stunting melalui musyawarah perencanaan pembangunan desa (musrembangdes). Mereka menyiapkan bahan advokasi berisi alternatif program yang bisa dianggarkan di dana desa berdasarkan data masalah kesehatan yang diputuskan bersama oleh masyarakat sebagai prioritas. Pengawalan dilakukan hingga pemerintah Kecamatan Sungai Rotan mewajibkan seluruh desa di wilayahnya (total 19) menganggarkan dana desa untuk UKBM. Setelah dua tahun berjalan, realisasi dana desa di Kecamatan Sungai Rotan meliputi peralatan posyandu dan posbindu, pemberian makanan tambahan, insentif kader posyandu, dan pelaksanaan kelas ibu hamil 1 kali dalam setahun.
Procurement of healthy lunch for adolescents to prevent iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in Prambanan school area FItriana Sundari
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS7 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Objective: This study aim to reduce the rate of iron deficiency anemia in adolescents in the Prambanan area. People still thingking the symptoms of IDA are not serious and have a long-term impact. Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) has an impact on cognitive decline in adolescent girls (Hb <12 mg / dL), this condition causes their productivity to decline both in school and in the work area. By the time they grow up, it can cause a high risk of pregnancy and delivery LBW’s baby. The government still focuses on curative treatment rather than promotion or prevention. The highest ADB rate in Sleman district is in Prambanan subdistrict. Content : First, regulation about the day to drink bloods plus tablets was unaffective to decrease IDA in some areas. Second, according to article review of Sekiyama that the provision of lunch can increase consumption of animal protein and also increase hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in children which this article containing the similar program and become the foundation of this study. Beside of that provide this program also include campaign with a booklet containing a healthy breakfast and dinner’s menu as a source of knowledge for adolscents and their parents. Third, canteen should be renovation to provide properly kitchen and dining area than empower the canteen workers who have been selling fried snack, instant noodles or other unhealthy foods to cook healthy and nutritious food in canteen for student lunches. Fourth, the regulatory system is decentralized according to the nature of the region. Funding sorces can come from Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), government subsidies and a funding system from wealthy parents of students. Conclusion: procurenment of healthy lunch and campaign use booklet will accepted by stakeholder because can decrease IDA in adolescents without causing conflict from food vendors around the school.
Epidemiology investigation of typhoid incidence in senior high school X in Magelang District Ahmad, Nasir; Isworo, Adi; Indriani, Citra
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 03 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i03.1718

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the magnitude and cause of the outbreak, describe the outbreak based on person, place, and time, and implement control measures. Methods: This study uses descriptive epidemiology and looks for active cases to find additional cases. Cases included students with fever with or without further symptoms: dizziness, nausea, vomiting, headache, stomachache, diarrhea, and chills from September 28 to November 28. Data collection was carried out through interviews using a standard questionnaire. We took clean water, drinking water, and blood samples. The water sample was sent to the Environmental Health Laboratory, and the blood sample to a private laboratory in Magelang for an IgM anti-Salmonella typhi test. Results: The number of cases was 150 students. The highest attack rates were among women, 72/359 (20.1%), and first-year students, 139/381 (36.48%). The onset of the disease starts from 28 September to 26 October 2016. There are outbound activities on the river on 26 September, attended by all first-year and second- and third-year students, as part of the activity committee. This activity is followed by eating together before and after washing hands with soap. All cases attended outbound activities. IgM was positive in 51 students, and water samples were negative for Salmonella typhi. Conclusion: There was an outbreak of typhoid fever with 150 cases in schools from 28 September to 28 November 2016. The outbreak was caused by the lack of hand-washing with soap when eating. We provide medical and health education to students about typhoid fever. The recommendation is to make school rules about the behavior of washing hands with soap, and if you take a bath in the river, before eating, it is necessary to wash your body and hands with soap.
Autonomous informed consent in term of completeness of medical information disclosure Ervin Dyah Ayu Masita Dewi; Siswanto Sastrowijoto; Retna Siwi Padmawati
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 03 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i03.1793

Abstract

Purpose: Many lawsuits filed by patients to doctors exist because patients don’t receive adequate information concerning their illness which mainly resulted from non-exposure to medical treatment risks. The research was performed to identify the completeness of information disclosure by doctors for informed consent purposes from the perspective of respect for autonomy. Method: The research was conducted by a descriptive qualitative method. Researchers had interviewed five surgeons and five adult patients as subjects with high-risk elective surgical treatment in the hospital as case criteria. Surabaya is the location of the research. Conclusion: By non-exposure of complete medical information to patients, decisions made by patients are not autonomous since they have incomplete understanding, and proper disclosure technique for doctors is required.
Smartphone addiction and anxiety in high school students – a cross-sectional study Gultom, Rudolf L; Indrarto, FX Wikan; C.A Nugroho, Daniel; Siagian, Jonathan W
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 02 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2067

Abstract

Purpose: Smartphones are a communication device that is widely used by people nowadays. Smartphones and their features have become a common need in the community. Excessive use of smartphones could lead to addiction. Smartphone addiction could affect physical and mental health. This study aims to assess the correlation between smartphone addiction and the level of anxiety among high school students. Method: This survey examined the correlation between smartphone addiction and anxiety in tenth-grade students of Frater Don Bosco High School (n=130) of Banjarmasin. Variables are measured using Smartphone Addiction Scale and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Data were then analyzed using proper correlation analysis. Result: Spearman's analysis shows that smartphone addiction had a relationship with anxiety (P: <0.001 and R 0.404). Whereas no significant correlations between age, sex, and lifestyle (smoking, alcohol, physical activity, sleep) with anxiety.
Smoking habit and cardiac risk index in areas with different levels of urban compactness Demara Yedhi Azlia; M. Lutfan Lazuardi; Arta Farmawati; Muhammad Sani Roychansyah
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 11 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i11.2136

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the relationship between urban compactness level, smoking habit, and CRI in Yogyakarta Urban Agglomeration (YUA) region population. Method: This cross-sectional study used secondary data of 181 male subjects aged 24-52 years who lived in the YUA region to analyze the relationship using the chi-square test. Results: The relationship between urban compactness level with smoking habits showed a value of p=0.075, and the relationship between urban compactness level with CRI showed a value of p=0.181. On the other hand, the relationship between smoking habits with CRI showed a value of p=0.008. Conclusion: Smoking habit had a significant association with CRI in the YUA area population, but not in the level of urban compactness with smoking habit nor CRI.
Women smokers in Yogyakarta: a phenomenological study Desliana Sande; Retna Siwi Padmawati; Yayi Suryo Prabandari
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 10 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Purpose: Indonesia became the country with the highest number of smokers in ASEAN, namely 65.19 million people, with 62.9% male smokers and 4.8% women in 2018. The Special Region of Yogyakarta had 29.8% smokers in 2018. This study aims to find out the smoking behavior of women in Yogyakarta. Method: This research was conducted qualitatively with a phenomenological approach. Data was collected through interviews with 14 people consisting of 9 female smokers and five parents using an interview guide and observation with three female smokers using an observation guide—the trustworthiness validity of the data using field notes, member checking, and triangulation of data sources. Results: Smoking behavior in women is caused by the influence of family members who smoke, imitate smoking friends, experience heartbreak, and feel calm. Despite knowing the dangers of smoking to women's health and experiencing pain due to smoking, women who smoke choose to continue smoking. The habit of hanging out in cafes and nightclubs and drinking alcohol makes women smoke more than usual. Conclusion: The social environment has a vital role in shaping smoking behavior in women. Therefore it is necessary to create a family strengthening program to prevent smoking behavior in children and a mentoring program for women smokers who intend to quit smoking, and increase information about the impact of smoking on women's health.
The effects of product, price, promotion, and place on patient satisfaction: a study in inpatient care of a regional public hospital in West Sumatra Putra, Raihandi; Bachtiar, Hafni; Putra, Abdi Setya; Daryus, Asyari
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 02 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320

Abstract

Purpose: As a consumer, people always want something to satisfy themself whether in goods or services. Hospitals always try to give consumers the best services. To improve consumer satisfaction, hospital managers apply product, price, promotion, and place. This research aims to study the relationship between product, price, promotion, and place with the satisfaction of ward patients in Arosuka Hospital. Method: This study used purposive sampling of 106 inpatients of Arosuka Hospital. Results: The results are on variable of product, p = 0.027, variable of price with p = 1.00, variable of promotion with p = 1.00, and variable of place with p = 0.08. From all variables, the product has the strongest relationship to the satisfaction of ward patients in RSUD Arosuka with p= 0.021. Conclusion: Product is the only variable that has a relationship with inpatient satisfaction in Arosuka Hospital. The product has the strongest relationship to inpatient satisfaction in RSUD Arosuka.
Mother's self efficacy and perceived barriers in maintaining dental health of pre-school children Chairunisa, Fania
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 10 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between mothers’ self-efficacy and perceived barriers to mothers in maintaining the dental health of children with caries status in pre-school children. Method: This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional research design, conducted in the city of Yogyakarta from May to June 2021. The sample in this study amounted to 119 pairs of mothers and children aged 2-6 years. The sampling technique used was multistage cluster random sampling by randomizing the districts and early childhood education organizations (PAUD). Because it is still during the Covid-19 pandemic, data collection is carried out remotely using online questionnaires and the teledentistry method. Data analysis used the Spearman correlation test to determine the relationship between self-efficacy also perceived barriers to dental caries status. Multivariate analysis using multiple linear regression was carried out to analyze the influence of self-efficacy and perceived barriers with caries status in pre-school children. Results: Self efficacy has no effect on dental caries status (r = - 0.107; p = 0.248), as well as perceived barriers (r = 0.108; p = 0.240). Mother's self efficacy and perceived barriers simultaneously did not affect the child's dental caries status (R square = 0.021; p = 0.284). Conclusion: The results showed that there was no significant relationship and influence between self-efficacy and perceived barriers with dental caries status separately or simultaneously. Further research is needed using larger sample size and more variables to obtain comprehensive results.
HIV case finding among tuberculosis patients at primary health centers in Garut District, West Java Luthva Luviandani Pratiwi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 10 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Indonesia is the country with the third-highest tuberculosis case in the world according to WHO in 2018, in addition to having a high TB ​​burden, it also has a TB-HIV burden. One of the efforts made to control TB-HIV is by conducting HIV counseling and tests (HCT) among TB patients. There has been an increase in the number of TB cases and HIV positive TB cases reported in Garut District, but TB cases documented by HIV testing in 2019 are still very small, namely, 666 (18.92%) cases, allowing for other TB patients whose HIV status is unknown. Purpose: To find out the implementation and barriers of HIV counseling and tests from provider and TB patient's perspectives at Primary Health Centers in Garut District. Method: This type of qualitative research uses a descriptive case study approach with multiple holistic designs. The study was conducted at the Department of Health and 6 primary health centers (with high, moderate, and low HIV test coverage) in Garut District. The research instrument used interview guidelines and sheets checklist. The data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews with 18 informants, and documentation. Data Analysis are using thematic analysis. Results: There are health workers that have not carried out HIV tests in accordance with the guidelines. Barriers to HIV testing from the health workers perspective such as communication difficulties, lack of training, reluctance to offer tests, the burden to offer tests, offer HIV testing to pediatric patients, workload, lack of supervision, lack of motivation, lack of coordination, and the patient is fear and does not feel HIV. Meanwhile, from the patient's perspective, the barriers found were not feeling at risk of HIV, the perception that it was not important to do the test, the fear of knowing the test results, poor knowledge, and the presence of stigma. Conclusion: There is one puskesmas with low coverage that does not routinely offer HIV testing because it is only seen based on the presence or absence of HIV risk. Officers who routinely carry out HIV tests but are inadequate due to a lack of coordination and communication between officers at the primary health centers. There is no TB-HIV training, and a lack of supervision for TB-HIV monitoring and evaluation, so that it requires more support and attention from TB/HIV program officers from the Garut District Health Office to improve the implementation of HCT.

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