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Bandung Conference Series : Sharia Economic Law
Published by Universitas Islam Bandung
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28282264     DOI : https://doi.org/10.29313/bcssel.v2i2
Core Subject : Religion, Economy,
Religion Economics, Econometrics & Finance
Bandung Conference Series Sharia Economic Law (BCSSEL) menerbitkan artikel penelitian akademik tentang kajian teoritis dan terapan serta berfokus pada ekonomi syariah dengan ruang lingkup yaitu Perbankan Syariah, Keuangan Syariah, Akuntansi, Muamalah. Prosiding ini diterbitkan oleh UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Unisba. Artikel yang dikirimkan ke prosiding ini akan diproses secara online dan menggunakan double blind review minimal oleh dua orang mitra bebestari yang ahli dalam bidangnya.
Arjuna Subject : Bisnis, Menejemen, dan Akutansi (semua kategori) - Bisnis, Menejemen, dan Akutansi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 366 Documents
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Analisis Pemahaman Literasi Keuangan Syariah Generasi Milenial dan Generasi Z terhadap Risiko Skema Ponzi dalam Investasi Syariah melalui Perspektif Maqashid Syariah Humaira Aini Bilqis; Ira Siti Rohmah Maulida; Arif Rijal Anshori
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 219-228
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25440

Abstract

Abstract. This research is motivated by the prevalence of Sharia-labeled investments exhibiting Ponzi scheme characteristics, such as guaranteed fixed returns without clear risk mechanisms. This phenomenon highlights the importance of Islamic financial literacy for wealth protection (ḥifẓ al-māl) within maqāṣid Sharia, particularly for Millennials and Generation Z actively investing online. This study aims to analyze the Islamic financial literacy of both generations, identify differences in their understanding, and examine the correlation between Islamic financial literacy and awareness of Ponzi scheme risks. A descriptive qualitative method was employed using an empirical approach and Sharia normative analysis. The analysis focuses on three main indicators: knowledge, attitude, and behavior. The empirical approach maps social phenomena among Millennials and Gen Z, while the normative analysis evaluates respondents' behavior against Islamic Economic Law principles and ḥifẓ al-māl. The results indicate that respondents' Islamic financial literacy generally falls into the good to excellent categories. Millennials demonstrate stronger conceptual understanding of Sharia investments. Meanwhile, Gen Z excels in preventive behavior, particularly in verifying investment legality and utilizing digital information. Based on the research results, Islamic financial literacy serves as a vital instrument for wealth protection (ḥifẓ al-māl) by enhancing public awareness against fraudulent Ponzi scheme investments. Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi maraknya investasi berlabel syariah berkarakteristik skema Ponzi, seperti janji keuntungan tetap tanpa kejelasan risiko. Fenomena ini menegaskan pentingnya literasi keuangan syariah untuk perlindungan harta (ḥifẓ al-māl) dalam maqāṣid syariah, khususnya bagi Generasi Milenial dan Generasi Z yang aktif berinvestasi secara daring. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pemahaman literasi keuangan syariah kedua generasi tersebut, mengidentifikasi perbedaan pemahamannya, serta mengkaji keterkaitannya dengan kewaspadaan terhadap risiko skema Ponzi. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif melalui pendekatan empiris dan analisis normatif syariah. Analisis difokuskan pada tiga indikator utama: pengetahuan (knowledge), sikap (attitude), dan perilaku (behavior). Pendekatan empiris memetakan fenomena sosial Generasi Milenial dan Gen Z, sedangkan analisis normatif mengevaluasi kesesuaian perilaku responden dengan prinsip Hukum Ekonomi Syariah dan konsep ḥifẓ al-māl. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan literasi keuangan syariah responden secara umum berada pada kategori baik hingga sangat baik. Generasi Milenial unggul pada pemahaman konseptual mengenai investasi syariah. Sementara itu, Generasi Z lebih menonjol dalam perilaku preventif, seperti aktif memverifikasi legalitas investasi dan memanfaatkan informasi digital. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, literasi keuangan syariah terbukti berperan penting sebagai instrumen perlindungan harta (ḥifẓ al-māl) melalui peningkatan kewaspadaan masyarakat terhadap risiko investasi bodong berskema Ponzi.
Tingkat Kesadaran Mahasiswa Fakultas Syariah UNISBA 2022 terhadap Investasi Emas secara Cicilan Berdasarkan Fatwa DSN MUI Ghina Syakira Putri Wibowo; Sandy Rizki Febriadi; Neng Dewi Himayasari
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 229-236
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25444

Abstract

Abstract. This study was motivated by the growing practice of investing in gold through installment plans at Islamic financial institutions, supported by Fatwa No. 77/DSN-MUI/V/2010 of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) on the Non-Cash Sale and Purchase of Gold. However, some students in the Class of 2022 at the Faculty of Sharia, Bandung Islamic University (UNISBA), still lack sufficient awareness of Sharia provisions on gold investment through installment plans, even though such students are expected to apply DSN-MUI fatwas in muamalah activities. This study analyzes the influence of knowledge about gold investment, understanding of Fatwa No. 77 of 2010, students’ attitudes, and environmental influence on awareness, using a quantitative survey distributed to the 2022 cohort of Faculty of Sharia students at UNISBA. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS, including validity, reliability, classical assumption, coefficient of determination, t-test, and F-test. Results show that, individually, knowledge of gold investment (X1) and attitudes (X3) have no significant effect on awareness, while understanding of the fatwa (X2) and environmental influence (X4) have a positive and significant effect. Simultaneously, all four variables significantly affect awareness, with an F-value of 16.958 and significance of 0.000 (<0.05). These findings indicate that understanding of the fatwa and environmental support play a greater role in raising awareness than investment knowledge and attitudes. Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh berkembangnya praktik investasi emas secara cicilan pada lembaga keuangan syariah, yang didukung Fatwa DSN-MUI Nomor 77/DSN-MUI/V/2010 tentang Jual Beli Emas secara Tidak Tunai. Namun, masih terdapat mahasiswa Fakultas Syariah Universitas Islam Bandung (UNISBA) angkatan 2022 yang belum memiliki kesadaran dan pemahaman memadai terhadap ketentuan syariah mengenai investasi emas secara cicilan, padahal mahasiswa Fakultas Syariah diharapkan mampu mengimplementasikan fatwa DSN-MUI dalam aktivitas muamalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pengetahuan investasi emas, pemahaman Fatwa DSN-MUI Nomor 77 Tahun 2010, sikap mahasiswa, dan pengaruh lingkungan terhadap kesadaran mahasiswa. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada mahasiswa Fakultas Syariah UNISBA angkatan 2022. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan SPSS, meliputi uji validitas, reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, uji koefisien determinasi, uji t, dan uji F. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial pengetahuan investasi emas (X1) dan sikap mahasiswa (X3) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesadaran mahasiswa, sedangkan pemahaman Fatwa DSN-MUI Nomor 77 Tahun 2010 (X2) dan pengaruh lingkungan (X4) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan. Secara simultan, keempat variabel berpengaruh signifikan dengan Fhitung 16,958 dan signifikansi 0,000 (<0,05). Temuan ini menunjukkan pemahaman fatwa DSN-MUI dan dukungan lingkungan berperan lebih besar meningkatkan kesadaran mahasiswa dibandingkan pengetahuan investasi dan sikap mahasiswa.
Normalisasi Perilaku Israf dalam Tren Self Reward: Analisis Etika Ekonomi Syariah terhadap Gaya Hidup Netizen di Tiktok Muhammad Rival Tyo Anggara; Neng Eva Fauziah; Maman Surahman
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 237-244
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25457

Abstract

Abstract. TikTok has become a contemporary space of muamalah that shapes the consumption patterns of urban Indonesian Muslims, particularly through the self-reward trend that risks normalizing israf (extravagant spending). This study analyzes how self-reward narratives are constructed on TikTok, how israf is normalized through netizen interaction in the comment section, and how this phenomenon is evaluated from the perspective of Islamic economic ethics, especially its impact on hifz al-mal (protection of wealth). A descriptive-qualitative approach with a netnographic case-study design, adapted from Kozinets' procedure, was used. Primary data were drawn from four sample videos and twenty-seven netizen comments through purposive sampling, then analyzed with the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña and triangulated with secondary literature. The findings show that self-reward narratives are constructed through positive psychological framing that blurs the boundary between hajah (needs) and syahwat (desires). In the comment sections, 74% of netizen responses normalized israf through self-justification, social validation, and distortion of the creators' educational messages, while only 26% showed critical awareness. From an Islamic economic ethics perspective, the phenomenon violates the principle of maratib al-hajah, undermines hifz al-mal, and produces greater mafsadah than the momentary maslahah obtained. The study recommends strengthening cyber-syariah literacy and more algorithmically competitive digital da'wah for Islamic financial institutions. Abstrak. TikTok telah menjelma menjadi ruang muamalah kontemporer yang memengaruhi pola konsumsi masyarakat Muslim urban di Indonesia, khususnya melalui tren self-reward yang berpotensi menormalisasi perilaku israf. Penelitian ini menganalisis konstruksi narasi self-reward pada konten TikTok, proses normalisasi israf melalui interaksi netizen di kolom komentar, serta mengevaluasi fenomena tersebut dari perspektif etika ekonomi syariah, khususnya dampaknya terhadap prinsip hifz al-mal. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan desain studi kasus netnografi yang mengadaptasi prosedur Kozinets. Data primer dihimpun dari empat video sampel dan dua puluh tujuh data komentar netizen melalui purposive sampling, dianalisis dengan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña, serta ditriangulasi dengan sumber sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa narasi self-reward dikonstruksi melalui pembingkaian psikologis positif yang mengaburkan batas antara hajah dan syahwat. Pada kolom komentar, mayoritas reaksi netizen (74%) menormalisasi israf melalui pembenaran diri, validasi sosial, dan distorsi makna pesan edukatif kreator, dibandingkan hanya 26% yang menunjukkan kesadaran kritis. Ditinjau dari etika ekonomi syariah, fenomena ini melanggar prinsip maratib al-hajah, mencederai hifz al-mal, serta menghasilkan mafsadah yang lebih besar dibandingkan maslahah sesaat. Penelitian merekomendasikan penguatan literasi cyber-syariah bagi masyarakat serta strategi dakwah digital yang lebih kompetitif secara algoritmik bagi lembaga keuangan syariah.
Analisis Kesadaran Zakat Penghasilan ASN Kemenag Kota Bandung: Tinjauan Fatwa MUI No. 3 Tahun 2003 Qori Nur Syara; Arif Rijal Anshori; Ira Siti Rohmah Maulida
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 245-252
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25512

Abstract

Abstract. Income zakat is a religious obligation regulated by MUI Fatwa No. 3 of 2003; however, its implementation among civil servants at the Ministry of Religious Affairs in Bandung still faces a gap between normative provisions and on-the-ground realities. This study analyzes civil servants’ awareness of the obligation to pay zakat on income, obstacles to payment, the appropriateness of the salary deduction mechanism, and strategies for its optimization, using a descriptive-juridical-empirical qualitative approach with Knowledge, Attitude, Practice indicators. The results show that civil servants’ knowledge and attitudes are quite positive from a normative perspective; however, their technical understanding of the nisab remains weak and has not yet been reflected in proactive actions. The seemingly high compliance rate is actually driven more by the UPZ’s automatic deduction system than by individual awareness, and there are some employees who have not yet been registered. Cognitive delegation and administrative dependence are key to understanding why compliance appears high in quantitative terms but is vulnerable to deviations from Sharia principles. This study recommends strengthening outreach efforts, implementing digital transformation through a transparent dashboard, reinforcing institutional policies (data updates), and establishing an accountable reporting system to promote compliance that is more in line with Sharia provisions. Abstrak. Zakat penghasilan merupakan kewajiban syariat yang diatur dalam Fatwa MUI No. 3 Tahun 2003, namun implementasinya di kalangan ASN Kemenag Kota Bandung masih menghadapi kesenjangan antara ketentuan normatif dan realitas lapangan. Penelitian ini menganalisis kesadaran ASN terhadap kewajiban zakat penghasilan, kendala pembayaran, kesesuaian mekanisme pemotongan gaji, serta strategi optimalisasinya, menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif-yuridis empiris dengan indikator Knowledge, Attitude, Practice (KAP). Hasil menunjukkan pengetahuan dan sikap ASN cukup positif secara normatif, namun pemahaman teknis nisab masih lemah dan belum tercermin dalam tindakan proaktif. Kepatuhan yang tampak tinggi ternyata lebih digerakkan oleh sistem pemotongan otomatis UPZ ketimbang kesadaran individual, serta adanya sebagian pegawai yang belum terdata. Delegasi kognitif dan ketergantungan administratif menjadi kunci memahami mengapa kepatuhan tampak tinggi secara kuantitas namun rentan terhadap ketidaksesuaian substansi syar'i. Penelitian merekomendasikan penguatan sosialisasi, transformasi digital melalui dashboard transparan, penguatan kebijakan institusional (updating data), dan sistem pelaporan akuntabel guna mendorong kepatuhan yang lebih sesuai ketentuan syariah.
Analisis Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 04/IV/DSN-MUI/2000 terhadap Implementasi Akad Murabahah di KSPPS BMT Itqan Bandung Ayen Nanda; Arif Rijal Anshori; Ira Siti Rohmah Maulida
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 253-260
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25641

Abstract

Abstract. The implementation of the murabahah contract in Sharia microfinance institutions must adhere to Sharia principles as stipulated in DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000. However, various studies indicate that the implementation of murabahah still faces challenges regarding asset ownership, the separation of wakalah and murabahah contracts, and the transparency of the cost price. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the murabahah contract for business capital financing at KSPPS BMT Itqan Bandung based on DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000. The study employs a qualitative method with a normative-empirical juridical approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis involving Account Officers, the Sharia Supervisory Board (DPS), and the Head of the KSPPS BMT Itqan Bandung Foundation. The results indicate that the implementation of the murabahah contract is, in principle, consistent with Sharia provisions through the application of the murabahah bil wakalah contract. However, improvements are still required regarding asset ownership, the separation of wakalah and murabahah contract stages, and cost price transparency, as the current pricing is not based on the BMT's actual acquisition cost. Therefore, it is necessary to refine standard operating procedures, enhance the understanding of Account Officers, and adjust contract execution to better align with DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000. Abstrak. Implementasi akad murabahah pada lembaga keuangan mikro syariah harus dilaksanakan sesuai dengan prinsip syariah sebagaimana diatur dalam Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000. Namun, berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi murabahah masih menghadapi kendala pada aspek kepemilikan barang, pemisahan akad wakalah dan murabahah, serta transparansi harga pokok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi akad murabahah pada pembiayaan modal usaha di KSPPS BMT Itqan Bandung berdasarkan Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif empiris. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi terhadap Account Officer, Dewan Pengawas Syariah (DPS), dan Ketua Yayasan KSPPS BMT Itqan Bandung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi akad murabahah pada prinsipnya telah sesuai dengan ketentuan syariah melalui penerapan akad murabahah bil wakalah. Namun, implementasinya masih memerlukan penyempurnaan pada aspek kepemilikan barang, pemisahan tahapan akad wakalah dan murabahah, serta transparansi harga pokok yang belum didasarkan pada harga perolehan riil oleh BMT. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penyempurnaan standar operasional prosedur, peningkatan pemahaman Account Officer, dan pelaksanaan akad agar lebih selaras dengan Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000.
Kepatuhan Syariah terhadap Praktik Jual Beli Mobil Bekas Kecelakaan Muhammad Ghibral Thoriq 'Izzatulloh; Sandy Rizki Febriadi; Neng Dewi Himayasari
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 261-268
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25681

Abstract

Abstract. The sale and purchase of accident-damaged used cars may create information asymmetry when the condition of the vehicle is not fully disclosed to prospective buyers. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Sharia Compliance in the sale and purchase of accident-damaged used cars at Showroom JP Accesories, Bandung, based on the principles of transparency, honesty (ṣidq), and justice ('adl). This research employed an empirical juridical approach using a case study method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observation, and documentation and analyzed using descriptive qualitative methods based on Islamic commercial law principles and DSN-MUI Fatwa Number 110/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 concerning Sale and Purchase Contracts. The findings indicate that the sales practices at Showroom JP Accesories generally comply with the principles of Sharia Compliance. Transparency is reflected in the disclosure of vehicle history and condition, honesty is demonstrated by the absence of tadlīs (fraudulent concealment), while justice is reflected in proportional pricing, opportunities for vehicle inspection before the contract, and post-sale warranties. The study concludes that transparency, honesty, and justice are the key factors in achieving Sharia-compliant practices in the sale and purchase of accident-damaged used cars. Abstrak. Praktik jual beli mobil bekas kecelakaan berpotensi menimbulkan asimetri informasi apabila kondisi kendaraan tidak disampaikan secara terbuka kepada calon pembeli. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penerapan sharia compliance pada praktik jual beli mobil bekas kecelakaan di Showroom JP Accesories Kota Bandung berdasarkan prinsip transparansi, kejujuran (ṣidq), dan keadilan ('adl). Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empiris dengan metode studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur, observasi, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif berdasarkan prinsip fikih muamalah dan Fatwa DSN-MUI Nomor 110/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 tentang Akad Jual Beli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik jual beli di Showroom JP Accesories secara umum telah memenuhi prinsip sharia compliance. Transparansi diterapkan melalui penyampaian riwayat dan kondisi kendaraan, kejujuran ditunjukkan dengan tidak ditemukannya praktik tadlīs, sedangkan keadilan diwujudkan melalui penetapan harga yang proporsional, kesempatan pemeriksaan kendaraan sebelum akad, dan pemberian garansi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan transparansi, kejujuran, dan keadilan menjadi faktor utama dalam mewujudkan praktik jual beli mobil bekas kecelakaan yang sesuai dengan prinsip kepatuhan syariah.
Analisis Fikih Muamalah dan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPerdata) terhadap Transaksi Jual Beli Tanah Kolam Siti Sakinah Ainurrohimah; Redi Hadiyanto; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 269-276
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25688

Abstract

Abstract. The practice of fishpond land sale and purchase in Maparah Village, Ciamis Regency, was marked by a unilateral price increase from IDR 5,000,000 to IDR 6,500,000 per bata after the buyer had prepared the payment. This study aims to describe the practice, analyze it from the perspective of Islamic Commercial Law (Fiqh Muamalah) by emphasizing the principles of wa’ad and ghabn, and examine it based on the Indonesian Civil Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata). This research employed a qualitative method with a normative-empirical juridical approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, documentation, and library research. The findings indicate that, formally, the sale and purchase contract fulfilled the essential elements and legal requirements. However, the unilateral price increase reflected the inadequate implementation of the principle of wa’ad, indicated ghabn fahisy (gross price disparity), and showed that the buyer’s consent (ridha) was idhtirari (given under compulsion) rather than ikhtiyari (given voluntarily). From the perspective of the Indonesian Civil Code, the seller’s action cannot yet be classified as a breach of contract because there was no binding agreement regarding the final price and no formal notice of default (somasi) as required under Article 1238 of the Civil Code. Nevertheless, the seller’s conduct did not reflect the principle of good faith as stipulated in Article 1338 paragraph (3) of the Civil Code. This study concludes that although the transaction was completed amicably, the principles of justice, legal certainty, and good faith had not been fully realized. Abstrak. Praktik jual beli tanah kolam di Desa Maparah, Kabupaten Ciamis, ditandai dengan perubahan harga sepihak dari Rp5.000.000 menjadi Rp6.500.000 per bata setelah pembeli mempersiapkan dana. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan praktik tersebut, menganalisisnya berdasarkan perspektif Fikih Muamalah dengan menitikberatkan pada prinsip wa’ad dan konsep ghabn, serta meninjaunya berdasarkan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPerdata). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif-empiris. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara formal akad jual beli telah memenuhi rukun dan syarat, namun perubahan harga tersebut menunjukkan belum optimalnya penerapan prinsip wa’ad, mengindikasikan ghabn fahisy, serta ridha pembeli lebih bersifat idhtirari daripada ikhtiyari. Ditinjau dari KUHPerdata, tindakan tersebut belum dapat dinyatakan sebagai wanprestasi karena belum terdapat perjanjian yang mengikat mengenai harga dan tidak adanya somasi sebagaimana Pasal 1238 KUHPerdata. Meskipun demikian, tindakan tersebut belum mencerminkan asas itikad baik sebagaimana Pasal 1338 ayat (3) KUHPerdata. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun transaksi terlaksana secara damai, penerapan keadilan, kepastian hukum, dan itikad baik dalam transaksi belum sepenuhnya terwujud.
Keabsahan Akad Rahn Musta‘ār dalam Perspektif Fikih Muamalah Rinaz Meikusdanti; Ira Siti Rohmah Maulida; Arif Rijal Anshori
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 277-286
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25717

Abstract

Abstract. Rahn musta‘ār refers to the pledging of borrowed property by a musta‘īr, which raises legal issues concerning the authority to use another person’s property as collateral. This study aims to analyze the legal construction of the ‘āriyah contract as the basis for the formation of rahn musta‘ār, the validity of rahn musta‘ār from the perspective of Islamic commercial jurisprudence, and its legal position within the framework of Islamic Economic Law in Indonesia. This study employed a normative juridical method using conceptual, statutory, and comparative approaches. Legal materials were collected through library research involving the Qur’an, hadith, classical Islamic jurisprudential literature, the Compilation of Sharia Economic Law, DSN-MUI fatwas, books, and scientific journals. The collected materials were analyzed qualitatively using descriptive-analytical and prescriptive methods. The findings indicate that the ‘āriyah contract is understood through two legal constructions, namely tamlīk al-manfa‘ah and ibāḥah al-intifā‘, which form the basis of the legal relationship in rahn musta‘ār. The owner’s permission constitutes the basis for the musta‘īr’s legal authority to undertake legal actions concerning the borrowed property. The validity of rahn musta‘ār depends not solely on ownership but also on the existence of legitimate ḥaqq al-taṣarruf. In Indonesian Islamic Economic Law, rahn musta‘ār is recognized under Article 342 of the Compilation of Sharia Economic Law and supported by the general principles governing rahn and I‘ārah in DSN-MUI fatwas. Therefore, rahn musta‘ār may be implemented provided that the owner’s permission is obtained and the transaction remains within the scope of the authority granted. Abstrak. Akad rahn musta‘ār merupakan penggadaian barang pinjaman oleh musta‘īr yang menimbulkan persoalan mengenai kewenangan untuk menjadikan barang milik pihak lain sebagai objek jaminan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konstruksi hukum akad ‘āriyah sebagai dasar terbentuknya rahn musta‘ār, keabsahan rahn musta‘ār dalam perspektif fikih muamalah, serta kedudukannya dalam kerangka Hukum Ekonomi Syariah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual, perundang-undangan, dan perbandingan. Bahan hukum dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap Al-Qur’an, hadis, kitab fikih klasik, Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, fatwa DSN-MUI, buku, dan jurnal ilmiah, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis dan preskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akad ‘āriyah dipahami melalui dua konstruksi hukum, yaitu tamlīk al-manfa'ah dan ibāḥah al-intifā', yang menjadi dasar hubungan hukum dalam rahn musta‘ār, sedangkan izin pemilik barang menjadi dasar kewenangan musta‘īr untuk melakukan tindakan hukum. Keabsahan rahn musta‘ār tidak semata-mata bergantung pada kepemilikan, melainkan pada adanya ḥaqq al-taṣarruf yang sah. Dalam Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Indonesia, rahn musta‘ār diakui melalui Pasal 342 KHES dan didukung oleh prinsip umum dalam Fatwa DSN-MUI tentang rahn dan akad I‘ārah. Dengan demikian, rahn musta‘ār dapat diterapkan sepanjang memperoleh izin pemilik dan dilaksanakan sesuai batas kewenangan yang diberikan.
Program Zakat Produktif BAZNAS BMM Perspektif Yusuf Qardhawi: Analisis SWOT Sofi Andriani; Redi Hadiyanto; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 287-296
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25725

Abstract

Abstract. This research is motivated by the great potential of zakat as an instrument for the economic empowerment of the ummah, although its utilization has tended to be consumptive. The BAZNAS Mosque-Based Microfinance (BMM) program in Tasikmalaya Regency is present as an effort to utilize zakat productively through a mosque-based micro-financing scheme. This study aims to analyze the concept of productive zakat according to the thought of Yusuf Qardhawi, to examine the management of the BMM program from the perspective of productive zakat, and to formulate its development strategy through a SWOT analysis. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and a literature study, then analyzed using the IFAS matrix, EFAS matrix, and the SWOT quadrant diagram. The results show that the BMM program is implemented through a qardhul hasan contract, namely a benevolent financing without any return, accompanied by business mentoring. Its implementation is in line with the five indicators of productive zakat according to Yusuf Qardhawi. The SWOT analysis obtained an IFAS score of 3.42 and an EFAS score of 3.00, placing the program in Quadrant I (Cell I), the growth and build position that demands an aggressive strategy of program development and strengthening. Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh besarnya potensi zakat sebagai instrumen pemberdayaan ekonomi umat, meskipun pemanfaatannya selama ini masih cenderung bersifat konsumtif. Program BAZNAS Microfinance Masjid (BMM) di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya hadir sebagai upaya pendayagunaan zakat secara produktif melalui skema pembiayaan mikro berbasis masjid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep zakat produktif menurut pemikiran Yusuf Qardhawi, mengkaji pengelolaan Program BMM dalam perspektif zakat produktif, serta merumuskan strategi pengembangannya melalui analisis SWOT. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan matriks IFAS, EFAS, dan diagram kuadran SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Program BMM dilaksanakan melalui akad qardhul hasan, yaitu pembiayaan kebajikan tanpa imbalan yang disertai pendampingan usaha. Pelaksanaan program telah sejalan dengan lima indikator zakat produktif menurut Yusuf Qardhawi. Analisis SWOT memperoleh nilai IFAS sebesar 3,42 dan EFAS sebesar 3,00 sehingga program berada pada Kuadran I (Sel I), yaitu posisi growth and build yang menuntut strategi agresif berupa pengembangan dan penguatan program.
Implementasi Fatwa Halal MUI pada Kuliner Non-Halal Cibadak Kota Bandung Nazwa Meliana Putri; Arif Rijal Anshori; Ira Siti Rohmah
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 297-304
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25761

Abstract

Abstract. This study is grounded in the sociological condition of the Cibadak Night Culinary Area in Bandung, a highly heterogeneous and multicultural space where halal and non-halal food vendors operate side by side in a crowded public area. The close proximity between stalls creates a high risk of impurity mixing (ikhtilath) and product status ambiguity (syubhat) for Muslim consumers, a concern reinforced by an incident at the end of 2025 involving the undisclosed use of lard. This research examines how Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) Fatwa Number 4 of 2003 on Halal Fatwa Standardization is implemented in food trading practices in the area, the obstacles to its supervision, and how Islamic economic law reviews this ambiguity. A socio-legal (yuridis-empiris) approach with descriptive-analytical specification was applied. Primary data were collected through repeated non-participant observation, documentation studies, and semi-structured in-depth interviews with consumers, culinary vendors, and a representative of MUI. Findings show that halal labeling and certification remain partial and inconsistent, socialization is not matched by facilitation and post-certification supervision, and the dense, unsegregated layout of the area heightens the risk of cross-contamination. From an Islamic economic law perspective, these conditions constitute gharar fil-washf and weaken the function of al-hisbah, requiring a more inclusive, collaborative model of halal oversight that protects Muslim consumers without marginalizing non-Muslim traders. Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kondisi sosiologis Kawasan Kuliner Malam Cibadak Kota Bandung yang bersifat heterogen dan multikultural, di mana pedagang makanan halal dan non-halal beroperasi berdampingan dalam satu ruang publik yang padat. Kedekatan geografis antar-gerai menimbulkan risiko tinggi terjadinya percampuran (ikhtilath) serta ketidakjelasan status produk (syubhat) bagi konsumen Muslim, terlebih setelah insiden penggunaan minyak babi tanpa label yang transparan pada akhir tahun 2025. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implementasi Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) Nomor 4 Tahun 2003 tentang Standarisasi Fatwa Halal pada praktik jual beli makanan di kawasan tersebut, kendala dalam pengawasannya, serta tinjauan hukum ekonomi syariah terhadap ketidakjelasan status produk kuliner tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-empiris dengan spesifikasi deskriptif-analitis. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan non-partisipan berulang, studi dokumentasi, dan wawancara mendalam semi-terstruktur bersama konsumen, pelaku usaha kuliner, serta perwakilan MUI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelabelan dan sertifikasi halal masih bersifat parsial dan tidak seragam, sosialisasi belum diimbangi fasilitasi dan pengawasan pascasertifikasi, serta tata letak kawasan yang padat dan tanpa sekat memperbesar risiko kontaminasi silang. Dalam perspektif hukum ekonomi syariah, kondisi tersebut mengandung unsur gharar fil-washf dan melemahkan fungsi al-hisbah, sehingga diperlukan model pengawasan halal yang lebih inklusif dan kolaboratif tanpa memarjinalkan pedagang non-Muslim.

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