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Perlindungan Hukum Investor pada Fintech Peer-To-Peer Lending Syariah di Indonesia: Analisis Integratif Hukum Positif dan Prinsip Maslahah Mursalah Nurul Novianti Azzahra; Maman Surahman; Liza Dzulhijjah
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 49-56
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.24786

Abstract. The rapid growth of sharia peer-to-peer (P2P) lending in Indonesia, alongside a series of default cases affecting both conventional and sharia-labelled platforms, raises concern over the extent to which investors are genuinely protected under current regulation. This study aims to analyze the form of legal protection provided to investors in the practice of sharia P2P lending in Indonesia, and to formulate an ideal concept of investor protection viewed from positive law and the principle of maslahah mursalah. The research employs a qualitative method with a normative-juridical and conceptual approach, using primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials as the main data, supplemented by a semi-structured interview with the Financial Services Authority (OJK) as complementary and validating data. Findings show that investors are legally positioned as unsecured (concurrent) creditors without special collateral, and that preventive and repressive protection mechanisms already exist but remain substantively weak, particularly the Sharia Supervisory Board's oversight, which is still largely administrative, alongside the absence of a systemic compensation scheme and a lex specialis regulation. Evaluated against Al-Qaradawi's three conditions of maslahah mursalah, the existing regulation formally satisfies the requirements, yet its real effectiveness still falls short of the intended sharia benefit. The study proposes an integrative six-pillar framework combining positive law and maslahah mursalah to strengthen investor protection in Indonesia's sharia fintech ecosystem. Abstrak. Pertumbuhan pesat fintech peer-to-peer (P2P) lending syariah di Indonesia, yang diiringi rangkaian kasus gagal bayar pada penyelenggara konvensional maupun berlabel syariah, menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai sejauh mana investor benar-benar terlindungi oleh regulasi yang berlaku saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada investor dalam praktik penyelenggaraan fintech P2P lending syariah di Indonesia, serta merumuskan konsep perlindungan hukum yang ideal ditinjau dari hukum positif dan prinsip maslahah mursalah. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan konseptual, menggunakan bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier sebagai data utama, dilengkapi wawancara semi terstruktur dengan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) sebagai data pelengkap dan validasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa investor berkedudukan hukum sebagai kreditur konkuren tanpa jaminan khusus, dan bahwa mekanisme perlindungan preventif maupun represif sudah tersedia namun masih lemah secara substantif, terutama pada pengawasan Dewan Pengawas Syariah yang masih bersifat administratif, serta belum tersedianya skema kompensasi sistemik dan regulasi yang bersifat lex specialis. Dievaluasi melalui tiga syarat maslahah mursalah Al-Qaradawi, regulasi yang ada secara formal telah memenuhi persyaratan tersebut, namun efektivitas riilnya masih jauh dari kemaslahatan syariah yang dikehendaki. Penelitian ini mengusulkan kerangka integratif enam pilar yang memadukan hukum positif dan maslahah mursalah untuk memperkuat perlindungan investor pada ekosistem fintech syariah di Indonesia.

Tinjauan Fikih Muamalah terhadap Klausula Denda Keterlambatan Penyerahan Barang pada Transaksi PO di TikTok Shop Ahmad Reyhansyah Ashadi; Arif Rijal Anshori; Ira Siti Rohmah Maulida
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 57-64
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.24809

Abstract. This study examines the late-delivery penalty clause applied to Pre-Order (PO) transactions on TikTok Shop from the perspective of muamalah jurisprudence. The rapid growth of PO transactions has been accompanied by frequent delivery delays that disadvantage buyers, prompting TikTok Shop to include a penalty clause in its Seller Terms of Service whose conformity with Islamic contract law has not previously been examined. This research aims to identify the provisions of the clause and analyze them according to classical and contemporary muamalah scholarship. A qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical normative-juridical approach was used. Secondary data were drawn from primary legal sources (the Qur'an, hadith, classical fiqh texts, DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 43/2004, and the OIC Fiqh Academy Resolution No. 109/2000), secondary sources (books and journals), and TikTok Shop's official documents, collected through literature and documentary study and analyzed through data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that PO transactions fulfill the pillars of a valid salam contract. The penalty clause, an automatic minimum Rp25,000 voucher applied without proof of actual loss, is better classified as syartul jaza'i than ta'widh. Classical scholars tend to prohibit time-linked penalties as a form of riba, while contemporary scholars permit them if proportional and free of riba. The clause is concluded to be mubah bi al-syuruth, requiring refinement of its compensation form, proportionality, penalty cap, and force majeure provisions. Abstrak. Penelitian ini mengkaji klausula denda keterlambatan penyerahan barang pada transaksi Pre-Order (PO) di TikTok Shop dari perspektif fikih muamalah. Pesatnya pertumbuhan transaksi PO kerap diiringi keterlambatan penyerahan barang yang merugikan pembeli, sehingga TikTok Shop mencantumkan klausula denda dalam Syarat dan Ketentuan Layanan Penjualnya, namun kesesuaiannya dengan hukum akad Islam belum pernah dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi ketentuan klausula tersebut dan menganalisisnya menurut pandangan ulama klasik dan kontemporer. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif yang bersifat deskriptif-analitis. Data sekunder bersumber dari bahan hukum primer (Al-Qur'an, hadits, kitab fikih klasik, Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 43/2004, dan Qarar Majma' al-Fiqh al-Islami OKI No. 109/2000), bahan hukum sekunder (buku dan jurnal), serta dokumen resmi TikTok Shop, yang dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka dan studi dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transaksi PO memenuhi rukun akad salam sehingga sah sebagai akad salam. Denda berupa voucher minimal Rp25.000 yang berlaku otomatis tanpa pembuktian kerugian riil lebih tepat dikategorikan sebagai syartul jaza'i daripada ta'widh. Ulama klasik cenderung melarang denda yang dikaitkan dengan waktu karena berpotensi riba, sedangkan ulama kontemporer membolehkannya dengan syarat proporsional dan bebas riba. Klausula ini disimpulkan mubah bi al-syuruth, dengan catatan perlu penyempurnaan pada bentuk kompensasi, proporsionalitas, batas maksimum denda, dan ketentuan force majeure.

Keabsahan Rahn Tasjily atas Harta Waris yang Belum Dibagikan Arya Leksana; Sandy Rizki Febriadi; Liza Dzulhijjah
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 65-72
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.24881

Abstract. Undistributed inherited property is, in principle, the collective right of all heirs and has not become the exclusive right of any individual heir. In practice, however, such property is still used as collateral for debt, raising legal questions about the validity of the encumbrance. This study analyzes the validity of rahn tasjily over undistributed inherited property from the perspective of fiqh muamalah, examines its validity under Law Number 4 of 1996 concerning Mortgage Rights (UUHT), and compares the two legal systems. This is normative legal research using the statute, conceptual, and case approaches. Primary legal materials include the Qur'an, Hadith, DSN-MUI Fatwa Number 68/DSN-MUI/III/2008 on Rahn Tasjily, Law Number 4 of 1996, and Malang Religious Court Decision Number 108/Pdt.G/2025/PA.Mlg, used as supporting legal facts. Secondary materials include classical fiqh literature, books, and scholarly journals, analyzed descriptively-analytically and comparatively. The findings show that encumbering undistributed inherited property as rahn tasjily does not meet the validity requirements of fiqh muamalah because the elements of milku al-rahin (full ownership) and wilayah tammah (full authority) are not fulfilled. Under Article 8 paragraph (1) of the UUHT, such encumbrance likewise fails to meet the requirement of full authority by the grantor. Both legal systems converge on the same conclusion: undistributed inherited property cannot be unilaterally pledged as collateral, although each relies on different legal reasoning. Abstrak. Harta waris yang belum dibagikan pada dasarnya merupakan hak bersama seluruh ahli waris sehingga belum menjadi hak penuh masing-masing ahli waris. Namun, dalam praktiknya masih ditemukan penggunaan harta waris yang belum dibagikan sebagai objek jaminan utang, sehingga menimbulkan persoalan mengenai keabsahan pembebanan jaminan tersebut. Penelitian ini menganalisis keabsahan rahn tasjily terhadap objek harta waris yang belum dibagikan berdasarkan perspektif fikih muamalah, menganalisis keabsahannya berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 1996 tentang Hak Tanggungan (UUHT), serta menganalisis persamaan dan perbedaan keduanya melalui pendekatan komparatif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus. Bahan hukum primer meliputi Al-Qur'an, Hadis, Fatwa DSN-MUI Nomor 68/DSN-MUI/III/2008 tentang Rahn Tasjily, Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 1996, dan Putusan Pengadilan Agama Malang Nomor 108/Pdt.G/2025/PA.Mlg. yang digunakan sebagai fakta hukum pendukung. Bahan hukum sekunder diperoleh dari kitab fikih, buku, dan jurnal ilmiah, yang dianalisis secara deskriptif-analitis dan komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembebanan rahn tasjily terhadap harta waris yang belum dibagikan belum memenuhi syarat keabsahan menurut fikih muamalah karena belum terpenuhinya unsur milku al-rahin (kepemilikan penuh) dan wilayah tammah (kewenangan penuh). Berdasarkan Pasal 8 ayat (1) UUHT, pembebanan tersebut juga belum memenuhi ketentuan karena pemberi hak tanggungan belum memiliki kewenangan penuh atas objek yang dijaminkan. Kedua sistem hukum bermuara pada kesimpulan yang sama, meskipun menggunakan dasar hukum yang berbeda.

Tinjauan Maqashid Syariah dan UU No. 33 Tahun 2014 Tentang BPJPH terhadap Kewajiban Sertifikasi Halal pada Program Makan Bergizi Gratis di Kota Cimahi Nasywa Nathani Salsabila; Arif Rijal Anshori; Ira Siti Rohmah Maulida
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 73-80
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.24899

Abstract. This study analyzes the implementation of halal certification obligations in the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) in Cimahi City based on the Halal Product Assurance Law. The MBG program as a strategic policy of the government aims to meet nutritional needs, but faces a gap in compliance. It is recorded that only 9 out of a total of 63 (14.3%) Nutrition Fulfillment Service Units (SPPG) in Cimahi have halal certificates as of April 2026. Through a juridical-normative and qualitative approach, data was explored from literature studies and interviews with SPPG managers, BPJPH authorities, and MUI. The results of the study revealed that the root of non-compliance was purely structural obstacles such as the delay of third-party documents and long laboratory queues, not the legal literacy crisis. From the perspective of Maqashid Sharia, this obligation is essential to fulfill hifdz al-din (eliminating syubhat), hifdz al-nafs (preventing the danger of pesticide residues), and hifdz al-mal (accountability of state funds). The transition policy in the form of postponing administrative sanctions until October 2026 is considered to be in line with the principle of siyasah syar'iyyah to accommodate the unpreparedness of the state's service infrastructure which is currently not fully adequate. Abstrak. Penelitian ini menganalisis implementasi kewajiban sertifikasi halal pada Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) di Kota Cimahi berdasarkan Undang-Undang Jaminan Produk Halal. Program MBG sebagai kebijakan strategis pemerintah bertujuan memenuhi kebutuhan gizi, namun menghadapi kesenjangan kepatuhan. Tercatat hanya 9 dari total 63 (14,3%) Satuan Pelayanan Pemenuhan Gizi (SPPG) di Cimahi yang mengantongi sertifikat halal per April 2026. Melalui pendekatan yuridis-normatif dan kualitatif, data digali dari studi literatur serta wawancara pengelola SPPG, otoritas BPJPH, dan MUI. Hasil penelitian mengungkap bahwa akar ketidakpatuhan murni hambatan struktural seperti kelambatan dokumen pihak ketiga dan panjangnya antrean laboratorium, bukan krisis literasi hukum. Dalam perspektif Maqashid Syariah, kewajiban ini sangat esensial guna memenuhi hifdz al-din (menghilangkan syubhat), hifdz al-nafs (mencegah bahaya residu pestisida), serta hifdz al-mal (akuntabilitas dana negara). Kebijakan transisi berupa penundaan sanksi administratif hingga bulan Oktober 2026 dinilai sejalan dengan prinsip siyasah syar'iyyah untuk mengakomodasi ketidaksiapan infrastruktur pelayanan negara yang saat ini belum sepenuhnya memadai.

Analisis Penetapan Biaya Penyelenggaraan Ibadah Haji Berdasarkan Teori Al-'Adalah dan Maqasid Al-Syariah Muhammad Faruq Yaasin; Intan Nurrachmi; Liza Dzulhijjah
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 81-88
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.24921

Abstract. Indonesia, as the country with the largest Muslim population in the world, faces a fundamental issue in hajj administration, particularly regarding the fairness of Hajj Operational Cost (BPIH) determination. The proportion of Hajj Travel Cost (Bipih) to Net Benefit shifted significantly from approximately 48.8:51.2 in 2022 to 62:38 in 2025-2026, while millions of prospective pilgrims remain on the waiting list for decades without an explicit guarantee of financial-benefit distribution. This study analyzes BPIH determination from the perspective of Al-'Adalah theory and from the perspective of maqasid al-syari'ah. The conceptual framework is built on Al-'Adalah theory with its three dimensions distributive, procedural, and transactional justice as well as maqasid al-syari'ah theory, particularly hifz al-din and hifz al-mal. This research is a normative legal study of a descriptive-analytical nature, employing a conceptual approach, with data collected through library research on Law Number 8 of 2019 as amended by Law Number 14 of 2025, Law Number 34 of 2014, and Presidential Decrees on BPIH. The findings reveal that, first, BPIH determination from the Al-'Adalah perspective has only fulfilled formal procedural justice, while distributive and transactional justice still require strengthening due to the absence of a standard Net Benefit allocation formula for waiting-list pilgrims. Second, BPIH determination from the maqasid al-syari'ah perspective shows a genuine effort to achieve tawazun (balance) between hifz al-din and hifz al-mal through the declining nominal trend of BPIH balanced with prudent hajj-fund management, although disparities among embarkation points and public transparency still need improvement. This study recommends an explicit Net Benefit distribution formula and stronger transparency in BPIH policy. Abstrak. Indonesia sebagai negara dengan populasi Muslim terbesar di dunia menghadapi persoalan mendasar dalam penyelenggaraan ibadah haji, khususnya terkait keadilan penetapan Biaya Penyelenggaraan Ibadah Haji (BPIH). Proporsi Biaya Perjalanan Ibadah Haji (Bipih) terhadap Nilai Manfaat bergeser signifikan dari sekitar 48,8:51,2 pada tahun 2022 menjadi 62:38 pada tahun 2025–2026, sementara jutaan calon jemaah masih berada dalam daftar tunggu hingga puluhan tahun tanpa jaminan distribusi manfaat finansial yang eksplisit. Penelitian ini menganalisis penetapan BPIH ditinjau dari perspektif teori Al-'Adalah dan perspektif maqasid al-syari'ah. Kerangka pemikiran penelitian dibangun di atas teori Al-'Adalah dengan tiga dimensinya, yaitu keadilan distributif, prosedural, dan transaksional, serta teori maqasid al-syari'ah, khususnya hifz al-din dan hifz al-mal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif bersifat deskriptif-analitis dengan pendekatan konseptual, serta teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi kepustakaan (library research) atas Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2019, Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2025, Undang-Undang Nomor 34 Tahun 2014, dan Keputusan Presiden tentang BPIH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pertama, penetapan BPIH berdasarkan perspektif Al-'Adalah telah memenuhi aspek keadilan secara prosedural, namun keadilan dalam pembagian nilai manfaat dan keterbukaan mengenai dasar penetapan proporsi Bipih dan nilai manfaat masih perlu ditingkatkan. Kedua, penetapan BPIH dari perspektif maqasid al-syari'ah menunjukkan upaya mencapai tawazun antara hifz al-din dan hifz al-mal melalui tren penurunan nominal BPIH yang diimbangi pengelolaan dana haji secara prudent, meskipun perbedaan embarkasi dan transparansi publik masih perlu diperbaiki. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penyusunan formula distribusi Nilai Manfaat yang eksplisit dan penguatan transparansi kebijakan BPIH.

Tinjauan Maqashid Syariah terhadap Implikasi Buy Now Pay Later di E-Commerce Indonesia Novianti Nur Anisyah; Sandy Rizki Febriadi; Neng Dewi Himayasari
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 89-98
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.24929

Abstract. The rapid development of Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) services in e-commerce has increased public access to digital financing while simultaneously raising concerns regarding consumer financial behavior and compliance with Islamic economic principles. This study aims to analyze the implementation of BNPL on the Akulaku application and examine its implications from the perspective of maqashid sharia, particularly in achieving the protection of wealth (hifẓ al-māl) and consumer welfare. This research employed a qualitative method with a descriptive-normative approach. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews with three active Akulaku BNPL users, while secondary data were obtained from books, scientific journals, regulations, DSN-MUI Fatwas, and other relevant literature. The findings indicate that BNPL is used not only for purchasing goods but also for paying routine expenses, including electricity bills, health insurance premiums, and mobile credit, due to its convenience and payment flexibility. However, such practices may encourage dependence on digital financing and weaken financial planning if not accompanied by adequate financial discipline. From the perspective of maqashid sharia, the observed practices have not fully reflected the objective of hifẓ al-māl, as some transactions were conducted for non-essential needs. Nevertheless, BNPL may be permissible when used proportionally, for legitimate needs, with the ability to repay on time, and through financing mechanisms that comply with Islamic principles. Abstrak. Perkembangan layanan Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) pada platform e-commerce memberikan kemudahan akses pembiayaan bagi masyarakat, namun juga menimbulkan berbagai implikasi terhadap perilaku konsumsi dan pengelolaan keuangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis praktik penggunaan BNPL pada aplikasi Akulaku serta meninjaunya berdasarkan perspektif maqashid syariah, khususnya dalam mewujudkan perlindungan harta (hifẓ al-māl) dan kemaslahatan konsumen. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif-normatif. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur terhadap tiga pengguna aktif BNPL Akulaku, sedangkan data sekunder berasal dari buku, jurnal ilmiah, peraturan perundang-undangan, Fatwa DSN-MUI, serta literatur yang relevan. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BNPL dimanfaatkan untuk pembelian barang maupun pembayaran kebutuhan rutin, seperti listrik, BPJS Kesehatan, dan pulsa, karena menawarkan kemudahan serta fleksibilitas pembayaran. Namun, penggunaan tersebut berpotensi mengubah pola pengelolaan keuangan dan mendorong ketergantungan terhadap pembiayaan digital apabila tidak disertai perencanaan keuangan yang baik. Berdasarkan perspektif maqashid syariah, praktik penggunaan BNPL oleh informan belum sepenuhnya mencerminkan tujuan hifẓ al-māl, karena sebagian penggunaan dilakukan untuk kebutuhan yang tidak bersifat darurat. Meskipun demikian, BNPL pada dasarnya dapat dibolehkan selama digunakan secara proporsional, sesuai kebutuhan, memiliki kemampuan melunasi kewajiban tepat waktu, serta mekanisme pembiayaannya selaras dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah.

Konfirmasi Bertahap dalam Custom Order Produk Handmade Tinjauan Akad Istishna’ Azahra Khoerunisyani; Sandy Rizki Febriadi; Neng Dewi Himayasari
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 99-106
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.24970

Abstract. The rapid growth of digital commerce on social media has given rise to custom order transactions for handmade products, particularly on Instagram. This study examines the staged confirmation mechanism implemented by a handmade product store (Store X) in managing custom orders and analyzes its compliance with istishna’ contract principles in Islamic jurisprudence. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with one seller and three buyers, alongside observation of transactions via Instagram. The findings reveal that the staged confirmation mechanism consists of four phases, namely ordering and specification, production progress delivery, confirmation and revision, and finalization. Four of the five analyzed aspects, namely contracting parties, manufactured goods, price, and offer-acceptance, have been fully fulfilled. Revisions made by buyers are categorized as accessory adjustments to technical details without altering the core contract object. This study concludes that the mechanism generally complies with istishna’ principles. Referring to Abu Yusuf’s opinion, the contract becomes binding (lazim) from the moment of offer and acceptance, with subsequent confirmations serving as reinforcement (ta’kid). Buyers who cancel after production has commenced without a valid sharia reason are obliged to compensate the seller for production costs incurred. Abstrak. Pertumbuhan perdagangan digital di media sosial yang pesat telah mendorong munculnya transaksi custom order untuk produk handmade, khususnya melalui Instagram. Penelitian ini mengkaji mekanisme konfirmasi bertahap yang diterapkan oleh sebuah toko produk handmade (Toko X) dalam mengelola pesanan custom dan menganalisis kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip akad istishna’ dalam fikih muamalah. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif studi kasus, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan satu penjual dan tiga pembeli Toko X, serta observasi terhadap proses transaksi melalui Instagram. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme konfirmasi bertahap terdiri dari empat fase, yaitu pemesanan dan spesifikasi, pengiriman progres produksi, konfirmasi dan revisi, serta finalisasi. Empat dari lima aspek yang dianalisis yaitu aqidain, masnu’, tsaman, dan sighat, telah terpenuhi secara penuh. Revisi yang diajukan pembeli tergolong penyesuaian aksesori pada detail teknis tanpa mengubah pokok objek akad. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa mekanisme konfirmasi bertahap secara umum sesuai dengan prinsip akad istishna’. Dengan mengacu pada pendapat Abu Yusuf, akad telah bersifat mengikat (lazim) sejak ijab dan qabul terjadi, sementara konfirmasi selanjutnya berfungsi sebagai penguatan (ta’kid). Pembeli yang membatalkan setelah produksi berjalan tanpa alasan syar’i wajib mengganti biaya produksi yang telah dikeluarkan penjual.

Analisis Maqashid Syariah dan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen terhadap Penjualan TCM di Marketplace Siti Zahra Rahmawani; Sandy Rizki Febriadi; Iwan Permana
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 107-114
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.24981

Abstract. The rapid growth of digital marketplaces has accelerated the circulation of imported Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) products in Indonesia, often accompanied by exaggerated health claims (overclaims), a lack of ingredient transparency, and unclear BPOM authorization and halal-certification status, which may harm consumers, particularly Muslim consumers, both financially and healthwise. This study examines the practice of selling TCM products in online marketplaces and analyzes it from the perspective of three core Maqashid Shariah principles (hifz al-nafs, hifz al-maal, and hifz al-din) and Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection. The research uses a normative-empirical juridical approach with a descriptive-analytical qualitative method. Data were collected through library research, non-participant observation on Shopee and Tokopedia, semi-structured interviews with an MUI representative, and documentation, analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. Findings show that TCM products on both platforms frequently carry unsubstantiated health claims, some lack valid BPOM authorization, and none hold official halal certification from BPJPH. Such practices contradict hifz al-nafs, hifz al-maal, and hifz al-din, while violating consumer rights and business obligations under the Consumer Protection Law. This study recommends strengthening digital oversight by BPOM and BPJPH and increasing consumer diligence in verifying TCM legality before purchase. Abstrak. Pesatnya pertumbuhan marketplace digital turut mendorong peredaran produk Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) impor di Indonesia, yang kerap disertai klaim kesehatan berlebihan (overclaim), minimnya keterbukaan komposisi, serta ketidakjelasan status izin edar BPOM dan sertifikasi halal, yang berpotensi merugikan konsumen, khususnya konsumen Muslim, baik secara materiil maupun kesehatan. Penelitian ini mengkaji praktik penjualan produk TCM di marketplace serta menganalisisnya dari perspektif tiga prinsip pokok Maqashid Syariah (hifz al-nafs, hifz al-maal, dan hifz al-din) serta Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif-empiris dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif-analitis. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka, observasi non-partisipan pada Shopee dan Tokopedia, wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan narasumber MUI, serta dokumentasi, dianalisis dengan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk TCM di kedua marketplace tersebut kerap mencantumkan klaim kesehatan tanpa bukti ilmiah, sebagian tidak memiliki NIE BPOM yang valid, dan tidak satu pun bersertifikat halal dari BPJPH. Praktik ini bertentangan dengan prinsip hifz al-nafs, hifz al-maal, dan hifz al-din, sekaligus melanggar hak konsumen dan kewajiban pelaku usaha dalam UUPK. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan pengawasan digital oleh BPOM dan BPJPH serta peningkatan kehati-hatian konsumen dalam memverifikasi legalitas produk TCM sebelum membeli.

Pemetaan Penelitian Hukum Jual Beli Emas dalam Fikih Muamalah: Studi Bibliometrik Salma Saqina; Arif Rijal Anshori; Ifa Hanifia Senjiati
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 115-122
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25002

Abstract. The development of gold buying and selling transactions that have shifted to digital platforms has given rise to various legal issues in muamalah jurisprudence, particularly regarding the validity of digital *taqabudh* and the transparency of contracts. On the other hand, the increase in scientific publications on the law of gold buying and selling has not been followed by a systematic literature mapping, so that the development of studies and research opportunities are still difficult to identify. This study aims to analyze scientific publication trends, map research cluster themes, and identify research gaps in the law of gold buying and selling from the perspective of muamalah jurisprudence. The study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach and bibliometric analysis. Secondary data was obtained from the AI Dimension database, then selected to produce 92 scientific journal articles for the period 2012–2025. The analysis was carried out using VOSviewer software through keyword co-occurrence network mapping. The results show that publications have increased significantly since 2019 and peaked in 2022. The bibliometric mapping resulted in three main clusters, namely digital gold studies and the implementation of DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 77/2010, a normative study of classical Islamic jurisprudence on usurious assets, and the implementation of contracts in Islamic financial institutions. This study concludes that there is still research related to the operational regulations of Islamic Gold Banks after Law Number 4 of 2023 concerning the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector, the use of blockchain technology, and the implementation of AAOIFI standards as future research directions. Abstrak. Perkembangan transaksi jual beli emas yang beralih ke platform digital memunculkan berbagai persoalan hukum dalam fikih muamalah, terutama mengenai keabsahan taqabudh digital dan transparansi akad. Di sisi lain, meningkatnya publikasi ilmiah mengenai hukum jual beli emas belum diikuti dengan pemetaan literatur yang sistematis sehingga perkembangan kajian dan peluang penelitian masih sulit diidentifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tren publikasi ilmiah, memetakan klaster tema penelitian, serta mengidentifikasi celah riset hukum jual beli emas dalam perspektif fikih muamalah. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan dan analisis bibliometrik. Data sekunder diperoleh dari basis data Dimensions AI, kemudian diseleksi sehingga menghasilkan 92 artikel jurnal ilmiah periode 2012–2025. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak VOSviewer melalui pemetaan jaringan kemunculan bersama kata kunci (keyword co-occurrence). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa publikasi meningkat signifikan sejak 2019 dan mencapai puncaknya pada 2022. Pemetaan bibliometrik menghasilkan tiga klaster utama, yaitu kajian emas digital dan implementasi Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 77/2010, kajian normatif fikih klasik mengenai barang ribawi, serta implementasi akad pada lembaga keuangan syariah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa masih terdapat kesenjangan riset terkait regulasi operasional Bank Emas Syariah pasca-Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2023 tentang Pengembangan dan Penguatan Sektor Keuangan, pemanfaatan teknologi blockchain, serta penerapan standar AAOIFI sebagai arah penelitian selanjutnya.

Tinjauan Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 113/2017 Terhadap Praktik Jasa Titip Barang di Toko @prel.loved maniacc Dwi Puspita Sari; Maman Surahman; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 123-130
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25008

Abstract. The development of preloved goods consignment services (jastip) through social media is increasing along with the development of digital transactions. This practice has similar characteristics to the wakalah bil ujrah contract, namely the granting of power of attorney from the owner of the goods to another party to sell the goods for a fee (ujrah). This study aims to analyze the suitability of the consignment service practice at the @prel.loved maniacc Shop based on DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 113/DSN-MUI/IX/2017. The study used a field research type with a qualitative approach and case study method. Data were obtained through interviews with two informants, namely the shop owner and the consignee, and supported by observation and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the mechanism for granting power of attorney and determining ujrah is in accordance with DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 113/2017 due to the clarity of the power of attorney and the agreement on the fee before the contract. However, in the aspect of the representative's responsibility, there are still discrepancies, namely the settlement of losses using the proceeds from the sale of entrusted goods without the consent of the muwakkil, thus containing elements of mukhalafat al-syuruth. Thus, the practice of goods consignment services at the @prel.loved maniacc Store is generally in accordance with DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 113/2017, but the mechanism for implementing the representative's responsibility still needs to be refined. Abstrak. Perkembangan jasa titip (jastip) barang preloved melalui media sosial semakin meningkat seiring berkembangnya transaksi digital. Praktik ini memiliki karakteristik yang serupa dengan akad wakalah bil ujrah, yaitu pemberian kuasa dari pemilik barang kepada pihak lain untuk menjual barang dengan imbalan (ujrah). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kesesuaian praktik jasa titip barang di Toko @prel.loved maniacc berdasarkan Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 113/DSN-MUI/IX/2017. Penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap dua informan, yaitu pemilik toko dan penitip barang, serta didukung oleh observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme pemberian kuasa dan penetapan ujrah telah sesuai dengan Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 113/2017 karena adanya kejelasan kuasa dan kesepakatan fee sebelum akad. Namun, pada aspek tanggung jawab wakil masih ditemukan ketidaksesuaian, yaitu penyelesaian kerugian menggunakan hasil penjualan barang titipan tanpa persetujuan muwakkil, sehingga mengandung unsur mukhalafat al-syuruth. Dengan demikian, praktik jasa titip barang di Toko @prel.loved maniacc pada umumnya telah sesuai dengan Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 113/2017, tetapi mekanisme pelaksanaan tanggung jawab wakil masih perlu disempurnakan.

Home Page

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Contact Name
Unang arifin

Contact Email
bcssel@unisba.ac.id

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+6281224131431

Journal Mail Official
bcssel@unisba.ac.id

Editorial Address
UPT Publikasi Ilmiah, Universitas Islam Bandung. Jl. Tamansari No. 20, Bandung 40116, Indonesia, Tlp +62 22 420 3368, +62 22 426 3895 ext. 6891

Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Unang arifin

Contact Email bcssel@unisba.ac.id

Phone +6281224131431

Journal Mail Official bcssel@unisba.ac.id

Editorial Address UPT Publikasi Ilmiah, Universitas Islam Bandung. Jl. Tamansari No. 20, Bandung 40116, Indonesia, Tlp +62 22 420 3368, +62 22 426 3895 ext. 6891

Location Kota bandung, Jawa barat INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
Unang arifin

Contact Email
bcssel@unisba.ac.id

Phone
+6281224131431

Journal Mail Official
bcssel@unisba.ac.id

Editorial Address
UPT Publikasi Ilmiah, Universitas Islam Bandung. Jl. Tamansari No. 20, Bandung 40116, Indonesia, Tlp +62 22 420 3368, +62 22 426 3895 ext. 6891

Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA