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Istiqomah Rahmawati
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Journal of Biobased Chemicals (JOBC)
Published by Universitas Jember
ISSN : 27463257     EISSN : 27462544     DOI : https://doi.org/10.19184/jobc.v2i1.116
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
The scopes of this journal include the following topics: 1. Components extract from bioresources 2. Chemical and physical processing of biomass 3. Biobased materials and composites 4. Biobased energy production 5. Catalyst technology for biomass conversion 6. Biological processing of bioresources, chemicals and waste 7. Treatment of biobased chemical waste 8. Application of the biobased chemical products to the target users 9. System analysis, management, and environmental protection of biobased chemical processing This journal does not consider the topics about organic chemicals from non-organism, crops and breeding, organism modification, metabolic engineering, bioresources and environmental management which do not relate to biobased chemical processing.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Bioengineering
Articles 40 Documents
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Imam Wahyu Beny Nugroho,David P Bahasa Indonesia Nugroho, Imam Wahyu Beny; Arshy, David Permana; Yosita Elza Defitri; Wafiq Rifqi Abdul Wafi
Journal of Biobased Chemicals Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Biobased Chemicals
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jobc.v4i2.1155

Abstract

The high amount of banana consumption in Indonesia has caused banana peel waste to increase, which can cause environmental pollution. One of the utilization of banana peel waste is as a metal nanoparticle synthesis. This study aims to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles with banana peel extract as a capping agent and determine the effect of solvent volume variation on the characterization of ZnO particles using variable volume of ethanol-water solvent with a ratio of 2:1 and 1:1 (v/v). This research uses maceration extraction method for 24 hours. Characterization of ZnO particles was carried out including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). In this study, the total polyphenol and flavonoid content in ethanol - water 1:1 (v/v) horn banana peel extract was higher at 4.944% and 5.940% than ethanol - water 2:1 (v/v) at 4.114% and 4.131%. Based on the results of FTIR testing, both samples have ZnO peaks where in ethanol - water 1:1 (v/v), 441 cm-1 and 619 cm-1, while ethanol - water 2:1 (v/v) is 428 cm-1. Then, from the PSA test results, the ethanol-water 1:1 (v/v) sample has a smaller average nanoparticle diameter of 135.6 nm than the ethanol-water 2:1 (v/v) sample which is 153.6 nm. ZnO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using the natural capping agent banana peel extract. Different levels of secondary metabolites in each extract have an influence on the diameter of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles.
Kinetika Ekstraksi Biji Kopi Arabika (Coffea Arabika) Lailatul Fatma; Nabilah Lu’aili Fauziah; Zuhriah Mumtazah; Helda Wika Amini; Boy Arief Fachri
Journal of Biobased Chemicals Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Biobased Chemicals
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jobc.v4i2.1325

Abstract

Biji kopi merupakan bibit tanaman kopi dan sumber minuman kopi. Biji kopi arabika mengandung minyak yang memiliki banyak manfaat. Proses ekstraksi minyak (zat terlarut) pada kopi dapat dilakukan melalui ekstraksi pelarut (leaching). Proses ekstraksi minyak biji kopi menggunakan n-heksana sebagai pelarut karena dapat melarutkan senyawa-senyawa yang mempunyai sifat yang sama. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari ekstraksi minyak atsiri dari biji kopi arabika dan mengetahui model kinetika ekstraksi minyak atsiri dari biji kopi arabika dengan cara leaching. Proses pemisahan minyak kopi dan pelarut menggunakan analisis termogravimetri dengan suhu 80℃ hingga massa sampel konstan. Variabel yang digunakan adalah suhu dan waktu. Waktu ekstraksi adalah 2 jam dengan waktu pengambilan setiap 10 menit. Suhu yang digunakan adalah 30°, 40°, dan 50℃ dengan perbandingan bahan dan pelarut 1:10. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinetika ekstraksi kopi arabika mengikuti model kinetika ekstraksi orde dua. Nilai parameter kinetika orde kedua ekstraksi minyak atsiri kopi arabika yaitu kapasitas ekstraksi (Cs) pada suhu 30°, 40°, dan 50℃ masing-masing sebesar 5,45836, 5,46, dan 5,46001 g L-1, laju reaksi awal. ekstraksi (h) sebesar 0,00762718, 0,00756716, dan 0,0104452 gL-1menit-1, konstanta laju ekstraksi (k) sebesar 0,000256, 0,000254, dan 0,00035 g-1L-1menit-1 , dan nilai determinasi sebesar 0,9965, 0,9967 dan 0,9983.
Ekstraksi Senyawa Bioaktif Kulit Kopi dengan Pelarut Aseton Menggunakan Metode Microwave Assisted Extraction dan Analisis Senyawa Fenoliknya Julieta, Theressa; Helda Wika Amini; Ansori Ansori; Yukti Nurani; Ratri Sekaringgalih; Sonya Hakim Raharjo; Merymistika Yufrani Afred
Journal of Biobased Chemicals Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Biobased Chemicals
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jobc.v4i2.1357

Abstract

Dewasa ini, pemanfaatan kulit buah kopi hanya terbatas sebagai pakan ternak dan pupuk. Maka dari itu, dilakukan penelitian dengan memanfaatkan limbah kulit kopi robusta sebagai bahan baku penelitian. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini antara lain untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari beberapa variabel dan mengetahui kondisi optimum dalam proses ekstraksi senyawa bioaktif limbah kulit kopi. Limbah kulit kopi akan diekstrak menggunakan metode Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) dengan pelarut aseton, dengan beberapa variabel yaitu rasio bahan terhadap pelarut, daya microwave, dan waktu ekstraksi. Analisis identifikasi adanya kandungan senyawa fenolik kemudian juga dilakukan menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Variabel rasio bahan, waktu ekstraksi, dan daya microwave terbukti saling berkaitan, sehingga dapat menghasilkan total fenol pada kondisi optimum. Kondisi optimum dalam proses ekstraksi senyawa bioaktif limbah kulit kopi diperoleh pada variabel rasio bahan 0,04 g/ml ; waktu 9 menit ; dan daya 300 watt, dengan hasil total fenol sebesar 8,65 GAE/g sampel.
Kinetic Extraction of Moringa Oleifera Leaves using the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) Method Rizky Pratama, Reinaldi; Ghina Shofiah Adibah Khoirunnisa; Ditta Kharisma Yolanda Putri; Helda Wika Amini; Boy Arief Fachri
Journal of Biobased Chemicals Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Biobased Chemicals
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jobc.v4i2.1379

Abstract

Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) adalah bagian dari tumbuhan yang memiliki bentuk seperti daun dengan berbagai manfaat kesehatan dan gizi yang tinggi, serta terdapat kandungan vitamin, mineral, protein, dan senyawa bioaktif, serta memiliki sifat antioksidan dan antiinflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari ekstrasi, mengetahui keberadaan kandungan tannin pada daun kelor dan mengetahui model kinetika ekstraksi pada ekstrak yield daun kelor meggunakan metode Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE). Proses ekstraksi daun kelor dilakukan dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dan menggunakan metode Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) dapat membantu memaksimalkan rendemen ekstraksi. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan variasi daya 150 watt, rasio bahan terhadap pelarut 1:15 b/v dan waktu ekstraksi 2, 4, 6, 8, dan 10 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rendemen tertinggi didapatkan pada waktu ekstraksi di menit ke 10 yaitu 10,25%. Model kinetika ekstraksi yang sesuai untuk mengekstraksi senyawa tanin dari daun kelor adalah orde 2, dimana nilai R2 lebih tinggi dibandingkan orde 1 dan nilainya hampir mendekati 1.
Bahasa Inggris Putri Ayu Salsabila; Della Ainurrohma; Indah Wahyuningtyas
Journal of Biobased Chemicals Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Biobased Chemicals
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jobc.v4i2.1410

Abstract

The depletion of fossil fuels has now occurred in various parts of the world. Meanwhile, the demand for fuel energy continues to increase. This condition encourages researchers to look for alternative fuels with high availability of raw materials. Bioethanol is an environmentally friendly renewable energy with biomass production raw materials, it can be an alternative solution to replace fuel oil. One of the biomass that has the potential to be used as a raw material for bioethanol production is tobacco. Tobacco stems have high cellulose and hemicellulose content so that they can be used in bioethanol production. This research method uses base pretreatment and base hydrolyzate, then fermentation and distillation processes are carried out. The results of tobacco stem bioethanol were analyzed using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach, Central Composite Design (CCD) model. During the fermentation process, three independent variables were used, namely the fermentation time of 72-168 hours, pH 4-5, and starter concentration of 0.1% - 0.3%. The results of the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) of ethanol content showed that the significant variables were the fermentation time and starter concentration. The results of the CCD analysis were obtained at optimum time conditions of 120 hours, pH 4.5 and starter concentration of 0.2% with a bioethanol content of 23.007%.
Evaluation of Nutmeg Extract as a Natural Anti-Acne Agent Against P. acnest Sari, Indah; Angga Saputra Yasir; Indarto I; Sinta Bella Triyanti; Aida Febina Sholeha; Veni Putri Nurhayati
Journal of Biobased Chemicals Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Biobased Chemicals
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jobc.v5i1.5590

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory skin disorder primarily caused by the proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes. In response to increasing demand for natural and safer therapeutic alternatives, this study investigated the phytochemical composition, total flavonoid content, and antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of Myristica fragrans flesh. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids—classes of compounds widely recognized for their antimicrobial properties. The total flavonoid content (TFC), determined using the aluminum chloride colorimetric method, was found to be 0.1582 ± 0.0044 mg quercetin equivalents per gram of dry extract. Antibacterial assays using the disc diffusion method demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of both Staphylococcus aureus and P. acnes, with greater efficacy observed against P. acnes. These results suggest that nutmeg flesh extract possesses significant antibacterial potential, particularly as a candidate for anti-acne cosmetic formulations. Moreover, this study highlights the underexplored value of nutmeg flesh—a byproduct of spice processing—as a sustainable source of bioactive compounds for skincare applications.
Mass Transfer Coefficient of Oleoresin Extraction from Peperomia pellucida L. Using Ultrasonic Cleaner Siswanti; Wildan Danny Azra; Tiara Susilawati Ardana
Journal of Biobased Chemicals Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Biobased Chemicals
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jobc.v5i1.5594

Abstract

Indonesia has a variety of wild plants that are beneficial for health, one of which is the Chinese betel leaf (Peperomia pellucida L.). Several studies have explored the use of Peperomia pellucida for health and cosmetic purposes. This plant can produce oleoresin, a compound obtained through the extraction of plants or materials using solvents. In this research, extraction was carried out using the Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) method. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of varying the mass of Peperomia pellucida and extraction time on the concentration of extracted oleoresin and its mass transfer coefficient. The experiments were conducted using variations in mass and extraction time until equilibrium concentration was reached, with a constant solvent volume. The resulting extract was then analyzed to determine the oleoresin concentration in the solvent under various conditions and to calculate the mass transfer coefficient (KC) by correlating oleoresin concentration with time. Based on the research that has been done with 200 ml of ethanol, variations in sample weight of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 grams and extraction time to constant concentration showed that the greater the sample mass and the longer the extraction time, the greater the concentration obtained. Additionally, KC values increased proportionally with sample mass, with the highest KC value of 4.4265×10⁻⁵ g ethanol/min.mm² observed at a sample mass of 4 grams.
Evaluasi Efektivitas Kolom Biofilter dengan Media Campuran untuk Pengolahan Limbah Cair Tahu Eka, Silvia Devi Eka Putri; Mutiara Dewi Rukmana; Istiqomah Rahmawati; Tazkia Maulida Putri; Zahwa Annaya
Journal of Biobased Chemicals Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Biobased Chemicals
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jobc.v5i1.5595

Abstract

Indonesia's increasing number of tofu industries has led to a rise in waste volume from this sector, requiring exceptional management. Tofu wastewater, a byproduct of tofu production that is no longer utilized, contains a high concentration of organic matter and can adversely affect water supplies if discharged untreated. This study aims to investigate an efficient filtration technique using filtration media for processing tofu wastewater. The biofilter column used in this study was made from a Le Minerale gallon and comprised layers of zeolite, bio balls, bearings, and activated charcoal to filter and purify the water from organic substances. The results showed that while filtration effectively reduced Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) from 995 ppm to 129 ppm after the fourth filtration, it was ineffective in neutralizing the pH of the tofu wastewater, which remained at pH 4 before and after filtration. This indicates that the wastewater remains acidic and cannot be directly discharged into the environment. Additionally, conductivity and salt levels increased after multiple filtrations, possibly due to ion release from the filter materials or saturation effects. This study reveals that the column configuration and filtration materials used were ineffective in removing acidic components from tofu wastewater. Therefore, design adjustments and filtration media selection are needed to achieve better results in treating tofu wastewater.
Desain dan Optimasi Sistem CoLAR Termodifikasi dalam Pengembangan Agroindustri Biogas : Studi Kasus pada PT. Juang Jaya Abdi Alam Kabupaten Lampung Selatan ZANA AZALIA MAKTUB; S. Hidayati; TP Utomo; E. Suroso
Journal of Biobased Chemicals Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Biobased Chemicals
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jobc.v5i1.5604

Abstract

Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah dalam rangka mencapai swasembada daging sapi nasional adalah peningkatan usaha peternakan sapi. Namun, peningkatan usaha peternakan sapi selain memberikan manfaat juga menimbulkan dampak negatif yaitu limbah kotoran sapi yang tidak ditangani dengan baik dapat menjadi penyebab timbulnya pencemaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengoptimalkan sistem reaktor biogas berbasis Covered Lagoon Anaerobic Reactor (CoLAR) Termodifikasi dalam pengembangan agroindustri biogas sebagai solusi pengolahan limbah kotoran sapi melalui proses biologis anaerob dalam skala industri. Studi kasus dilakukan di PT. Juang Jaya Abdi Alam, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan, yang menghasilkan limbah organik sebanyak ±198.000 kg/hari dari 8.500 - 9.500 ekor sapi, yang sebagian besar limbahnya belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi observasi, wawancara pakar, survei dan studi pustaka. Penentuan jenis reaktor dilakukan dengan Metode Perbandingan Eksponensial (MPE) berdasarkan aspek teknis, lingkungan dan finansial. Sistem yang dirancang terdiri dari unit pengenceran, pengadukan, pemisahan padat-cair (separator), serta reaktor anaerob dengan sistem pengadukan internal dan penutup geomembran HDPE. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CoLAR Termodifikasi merupakan pilihan paling sesuai, dengan volume reaktor total 11.935 m³, produksi biogas sebesar 1.663,2 m³/hari, volume gas metan 1.092,72 m3/hari, dan potensi listrik 5.135,784 kWh/hari.
Manufacture of Nanofibers for Wound Dressing Applications from Sea Cucumber and Curcuma longa, Turmeric sp. Fatma Sari, Wida; Rahmawati; Atina; Parmin Lumban Toruan
Journal of Biobased Chemicals Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Biobased Chemicals
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jobc.v5i1.5659

Abstract

The skin is the topmost layer safeguards the body and can be vulnerable to injuries, like cuts. Turmeric and sea cucumber are recognized for their effectiveness in healing wounds The research used natural polymers such as turmeric and sea cucumber, while the synthetic polymer used was polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Electrospinning equipment is used to produce the nanofibres. The variables investigated in this study were the concentrations of PVA, turmeric and sea cucumber. Gamat and curcuma are proven to accelerate wound healing but there is no literature that explains whether they are compatible with PVA in making nanofibres. The nanofibres were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The most optimal nanofiber composition for wound dressing applications is PVA with a concentration of 12%, turmeric 2%, and curcuma 0.5%.

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