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SAINS MEDIKA : JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN

sainsmedika
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Published by Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

ISSN : 20851545 EISSN : 2339093X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

Sains Medika is journal of medicine and health, is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting medical sciences generated from Biomedical Sciences, Public Health, Clinical Sciences, and Medical Education to integrate researches in all aspects of human health. This journal publishes original articles, reviews article, and also interesting case reports.

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Articles 235 Documents

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The Effect of Alium Satium Extract on the Glomerular Diameter of STZ -induced Sprague dawley Rats Susilorini, Susilorini; Indrayani, Ulfah Dian; Soffan, Moch.
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 5, No 1 (2013): January-June 2013
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Hyperglycemia exert toxic effect in kidney.The aim of this study was to investigate the short term effect of ethanolic extract of garlic in preventing nephropathy following streptozotocin (STZ) induced rats. Twenty male Sprague dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 group, all group induced induced by single dose intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg kg-1 of streptozotocin (STZ). Treatment with 3 doses ethanolic extract of garlic (0,1; 0,25; 0,5 mg kg-1 day-1) was followed for 14 days, then the left kidneys were excised and histhopathological studies were carried out using scanner 3D Hitech and Panoramic view software. Statistical analysis have been done using non parametric analysis Kruskall Wallis. The study revealed that glomerular diameter of the treatment rats was significantly different from the control group (p=0,0001). Increasing doses didnâ€™t make difference. The ethanolic extract of garlic (Allium sativum) influences the diameter glomeruli but increasing doses has no effect on the glomerular diameter.

The Ketogenic Diet: Safety, Morbidity, and Mortality Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 10, No 1 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

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In normal daily diet consisting of 52-55% carbohydrate, 32-34% fat, and 14-18% protein, a couple hours following meal and absorption there is abundant fuel supply particularly from glucose oxidation in most tissues (Kathleen M Botham and Mayes, 2015; USDA, 2015). Conversely, in ketosis condition, most tissues replace its energy requirement from glucose to ketone bodies resulting from hepatic ketogenesis (Cervenka and Kossoff, 2013; Mcdonald and Cervenka, 2017). In extra hepatic tissues, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is synthesized through revert back of acetoacetate to acetoacetyl-CoA catalyzed by succinyl-CoA-acetoacetate CoA transferase. By this reaction acetoacetyl-CoA is split into two acetyl-CoA catalyzed by thiolase and then inserted into Krebâ€™s cycle to form ATP. Acetoacetate and b hydroxybutyrate are also able to traverse blood brain barrier and metabolized by cellular brain into ATP and used as energy also postulated as anticonvulsant (Freeman et al., 2007; J. L. Gamble et al., 1923). Moreover, when ketone bodies in circulation are increased, oxidation of ketone bodies also raised until saturation of the pathway is achieved at 12 mmol/L concentration (Kathleen M. Botham and Mayes, 2015). Concern to the energy synthesis, acetoacetate and 3-b hydroxybutyrate are the prominent ketone bodies which are readily oxidized in extra-hepatic tissues. Whilst acetone have not metabolic function and in large extent is volatilized through the lung marked by breathe odor (Kathleen M. Botham and Mayes, 2015; Paoli, 2014). Ketosis is also able to suppress hunger feeling and appetite, therefore potential to be a good regulator of the bodyâ€™s calorie intake (Dashti et al., 2004). Â However, ketosis which is induced by ketogenic diet (KD), in the long term, its safety, morbidity, and mortality remain inconclusive.

Diagnostic Value of Direct Antibiotic Susceptibility Test for Faster BacterialSusceptibility Reporting in Bacteremia Hapsari, Rebriarina; Ciptaningtyas, Vincentia Rizke; Masfiyah, Masfiyah
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 2 (2012): Juli-Desember 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Background: Rapid and accurate information on susceptibility of bacteria causing bacteraemia is very helpful in sepsis management. Blood culture is the gold standard for bacteraemia diagnosis. Standard antibiotic susceptibility testing needs at least three days for completion while direct method can give the result a day earlier. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of direct antibiotic susceptibility testing in blood culture.Methods: Bloods from positive BACTEC bottles which met inclusion and exclusion criteria were put into sterile tubes and centrifuged. The pellets were then used to make 0.5 McFarland bacterial suspensions and directly used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. Interpretations of direct method were compared to standard method to count sensitivity, specificity, sensitive predictive value, resistant predictive value, accuracy, and kappa value.Results: From 58 samples (containing 22 gram negative, 36 gram positive bacteria), there were 309 total antibiotic susceptibility tests. Direct method showed sensitivity, specificity, sensitive predictive value, resistant predictive value, accuracy, and kappa value of 89.3%, 92.9%, 93.8%, 87.8%, 86.4%, and 0.82, respectively.Conclusion: Direct antibiotic susceptibility testing has a good agreement with the standard method so it can aid faster antibiotic susceptibility reporting in bacteraemia (Sains Medika, 4(2):174-181).

Senam Sehat Anak Indonesia Improve Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Children with Obesity Ramadhania, Farah Alya; Asmara Putri, Rahmi Isma; Setiawati, Erna; Nency, Yetty Movieta
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 11, No 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Introduction: Excessive fat accumulation in the obese child causes complex problems in the respiratory system. Respiratory system function can be improved by exercise. One exercise model that is suitable for children is Senam Sehat Anak Indonesia (SSAI). The quality of the respiratory function system is measured using Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR).Objective: to validate the PEFRâ€™s differences in obese children before and after performing SSAI.Methods: This research using one group pre-posttest experimental design with total sample of 20 obese children using purposive sampling method. The research instrument uses weight scale, height scale, and peak flow meter. SSAI was given to all subjects twice a week for six weeks. Paired T Test statistical analysis was used to examine the PEFRâ€™s differences before and after performing SSAI, considered significant if p<0.05.Results: The PEFRâ€™s mean of all subjects before performing SSAI was 258.25 Â± 39.51 Lâˆ•minute, while PEFRâ€™s mean after performing SSAI twice a week for 6 weeks was 282.50 Â± 43.03 Lâˆ•minute, (p=0,000).Conclusion: The PEFRâ€™s mean of obese children was increase significantly after performing SSAI twice a week for 6 weeks

The Role of Vitamin in the Nutrition of Premature Infants Ruslie, Riska Habriel
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 1 (2012): Januari-Juni 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Vitamin is an organic compound required as a vital nutrient in tiny amounts. Premature infants are at risk of vitamin deficiency than mature infants, due to inadequate transplacental transport, inadequate storage, and increased tissue utilization. Infant that are born prematurely have a low amount of stored vitamin in their body. The amount that is stored is quickly used as the infant grows. So, vitamin is a very important for development of premature infants. In this review examines the role of vitamin in the nutrition of premature infants (Sains Medika, 4(1):97-111).

The Effect of Honey Administration on Gastrohistopathological Image Study In Male White Wistar Rat Induced With Indomethacin Suprijono, Agus; Trisnadi, Setyo; Negara, Henri Perwira
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 3, No 1 (2011): Januari-Juni 2011
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Background: Gastric disorder often generates clinical symptoms such as gastritis or peptic ulcer. Bee honey has high nutrient has been shown to have a protective effect against drugs destroying stomach. The purpose of this study was the difference effect of honey in various concentrations on the gastrohistopathological image in male white Wistar rat induced with indomethacin. Design and Methods: This was an experimental research using control group post test design. 24 male white rats Wistar were randomly divided into 6 groups of 4 mice each. Group I served as the control group (standar and aquades), group II: 3.78 mg of indometachin, group III: 3.78 indomethacin and 3.6 ml honey (25%,) group IV: 3.78 indomethacin 3.6 ml honey (50%,) group V: 3.78 mg indomethacin 3.78 mg and 3.6 ml (75%(), group VI: 3.78 indomethacin 3,78 mg and honey 3.6 ml 100%. Treatment given by sonde once a day for 15 days. the gastrohistopathological image was evaluated for degree of gastritis and degree of peptic ulcer. The data were tested with test Kruskal-Wallis followed by Mann-Whitney test. Results: Kruskal-Wallis test showed at least significant differences in the degree of gastritis and peptic ulcer between between the two groups (p <0.05). Mann-Whitney test howed that not all groups compared to control showed a significant different in the degrees of gastritis and peptic ulcer. Conclusion: The study suggested that honey have effect on the gastrohistopathological image of indomethacin-induced stomach (Sains Medika, 3(1):41-47).

Flavonoids and Aging Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 7, No 1 (2016): January - June 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Aging is inevitable process, however human comes into aging is in difference way and difference rates. Some of them undergo aging earlier due to degenerative diseases, unable to reach the maximum lifespan and are thus denominated secondary aging (Huebschmann AG, 2011). Some of others undergo aging latter, looked younger than their truely chronological age, have no suffer degenerative disease, able to achieve maximum lifespan and so called primary aging (De la Fuente, 2009; Huebschmann AG, 2011). Maximum lifespan or often called longevity of the species is defined as maximum time that a species belonging to determine how long the species can live, for example maximum lifespan in human beings is 122 years, whereas the lifespan in rats and mouse strains is only 3 and 4 years respectively (De lafuente, 2009). It must be distinguished this longevity from mean or averages longevity. Average longevity can be defined as the average of time that member of population that have been born on the same date live (De la Fuente, 2009). The maximum lifespan is fixed in each species, meanwhile the lifespan of individual subject in the population, even when their genotype are the same and grow in a common environment condition, such as protected from external hazard show marked variability (Kirkwood, 2005).

Mixed Lung Cancer in 46 Years Old, Male Smoker, Untreated Patient Susilorini, Susilorini; Puspasari, Dik; Amarwati, Siti; Endro, Bambang
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 7, No 2 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Lung cancer is a large heterogeneous family of malignancies, with tumors containing more than one subtype are very common. Over 50 different histologiÂcal variants are recognized within the WHO typing system. Small Cell Lung Cancer comprises approximately 20% of all lung cancers and exhibits a neuroendocrine phenotype while Non Small Cell Lung Carsinoma (NSCLC) lacks these features and makes up the remaining 80% of cases. This case was reported in view of the rarity of this combination of morphologic patterns. The incidence of c- SCLC (Combined- Small Cell Lung Carsinoma) has been reported ranging from less than 1% to 14.6% of all SCLC. Mixed lung cancer in untreated patients suggests a common endodermal origin for c-SCLC which contains small-cell and non-small-cell pulmonary tumors. Quoix et al found that presentation as a solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) is particularly indicative of a c-SCLC. Combined- Small Cell Lung Carsinoma contains a squamous cell and/or adenocarcinoma component. Itâ€™s becoming more important for pathologists to correctly subclassify NSCLCâ€™s as distinct tumor entities, or as components of c-SCLC cause itâ€™s more agrresive. A 46-year-old smoker man was referred because of rapid growth of a solitary nodule mass revealed by chest radiography with brain and limfonodes metastases. There was mixed histological feature including adenocarsinoma, squamous cell carsinoma and large cell carsinoma. The patient is dead after a few weeks later. It was revealed a panel immunohistochemistry stain (CK-7, CK-20, TTF-1, P63 and Chromoganin). It was concluded as c- SCLC.

Hypertension: Dominant Risk Factor on Stroke Occurence Analytical Observational Study in Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang during January 1, 2012 - August 31, 2013 Saputri, Desia Laila Dian; Rosdiana, Ika; Lestari, Endang
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 6, No 1 (2015): January-June 2015
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Introduction: Stroke ranks as the first cause of disabilities and the third cause of death in the world. Many factors associated with stroke. Objective: this study aimed at evaluating the factors associated with stroke. Study Design: This study was an analytical observational study using cross sectional design. Samples were obtained from medical records of 263 patients who were admitted in neurologyâ€™s ward of Sultan agung Islamic hospital during 1 January 2012-31 August 2013. Samples categorized in 2 groups: 97 hemorrhagicâ€™s stroke patients and 166 non hemorrhagicâ€™s stroke patients with simple random sampling technique. This study were conducted by analyzing 5 variables such as gender, age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and total cholesterol levels. Results: Logistic regression test using SPSS showed that hypertension was the most dominant factor associated with stroke (p=0.001; PR=1.707; CI=1.249â€“2.433). Conclusion: Hypertension was the most dominant risk factor for stroke.

Corneal Curvature Measurements Utilizing a New Swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography Tomey OA-2000Â® and Comparison With IOL MasterÂ® 500 in Pterygium Patients Hilmi, Mohd Radzi; Mohd Kamal, Khairidzan; Che Azemin, Mohd Zulfaezal; Ithnin, Mohd Hafidz; Md Mustafa, Md Muziman Syah; Yusof@Alias, Firdaus; Ahmad, Norsham
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9, No 1 (2018): June 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Introduction: Corneal curvature (CC) is an important anterior segment parameter. This study compared CC measurements conducted with two optical devices in pterygium eyes.Methods: Sixty pterygium eyes of 30 patients were enrolled in this study. CC was measured three times with the optical biometer and topography-keratometer Tomey OA-2000 (Tomey Corporation, Nagoya, Japan), then with partial optical coherence interferometry (PCI) IOL Master 500 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) and data were statistically analysed.Results: The measurements revealed in a mean CC of 43.86 Â± 1.57 D with Tomey OA-2000 and 43.84 Â± 1.55 D with IOL Master. Distribution of data is normal, and no significance difference in CC values was detected (P = 0.952) between the two devices. Correlation between CC measurements was highly significant (r = 0. 99; P < 0.0001). The mean difference of CC values between devices was 0.017 D and 95% limit of agreement was -0.088 to 0.12. Duration taken for measurements with the standard biometer IOL Master was longer (55.17 Â± 2.24 seconds) than with Tomey OA-2000 (39.88 Â± 2.38 seconds) in automatic mode. Duration of manual measurement with Tomey OA-2000 in manual mode was shorter (28.57 Â± 2.71 seconds).Conclusion: In pterygium eyes, CC measured with Tomey OA-2000 and IOL Master showed similar values, and high correlation was observed between these two devices. This shows that both devices can be used interchangeably. Tomey OA-2000 is better in terms of faster to operate and has its own topography systems.

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