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Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Published by Lembaga Yasin Alsys
ISSN : 30255287     EISSN : 30254507     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58578/AJSTEA
Core Subject : Science, Art, Social, Engineering,
Arts Computer Science & IT Engineering Social Sciences
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art [3025-5287 (Print) and 3025-4507 (Online)] is a double-blind peer-reviewed, and open-access journal to disseminating all information contributing to the understanding and development of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art. Its scope is international in that it welcomes articles from academics, researchers, graduate students, and policymakers. The articles published may take the form of original research, theoretical analyses, and critical reviews. AJSTEA publishes 6 editions a year in February, April, June, August, October and December. This journal has been indexed by Harvard University, Boston University, Dimensions, Scilit, Crossref, Web of Science Garuda, Google Scholar, and Base. AJSTEA Journal has authors from 5 countries (Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Nepal, and India).
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 226 Documents
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Dyanamics Model of Finacial Analyst Impact in Nigerian Stock Exchange Akpienbi, Isaac Oritsejubemi; Ezra, Emmanuel Tanto
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 4 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3419

Abstract

Mathematical model was developed in this paper in the form of SEIR model to study NSE market dynamics of the interaction between potential investor, conservative investor, equity analyst and quitting investor in Nigeria. The equilibrium points of the model were determined and their stability analysis was performed. The research investigates the stability of the free NSE financial market equilibrium in Nigeria, revealing that it is locally and globally asymptotically stable. Local stability analysis shows the market's ability to recover from small perturbations, while global stability analysis confirms that it will stabilize over time regardless of the magnitude of disturbances. These findings provide real-life investors with confidence in the Nigerian financial market's resilience to both minor and significant shocks. The assurance that the market will return to equilibrium despite fluctuations in stock prices, trading volumes, or larger economic events encourages long-term investments and participation in the NSE.
Inference from Modelling FDI and Unemployment Rate in Nigeria David, Ikwuoche John; Idi, Danjuma
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 4 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3444

Abstract

This research investigates foreign direct investment (FDI) impact on the unemployment rate (UPR) in Nigeria by employing an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The study made use of data from the period 1985-2021. Initial assessment of the data involved the application of rolling correlation to test the significance of signals between FDI and UPR. Subsequently, the research employs the ARDL bounds test methodology to examine cointegration among FDI and UPR. Additionally, an Error Correction Model (ECM) is utilized to explore the causal relationship between these economic variables in the short run. The Augmented Dickey Fuller unit root test suggests that the variables attain stationarity at first differences (I(1)). The findings indicate that at 5% FDI significantly impacted on UPR in the long run but not in the short run where it was significant at 10%. Also, the selected best fitted model for the sampled period is ARDL(1, 1) but the plot of the cumulative sum squared chart showed that the parameter estimates were unstable for the sampled period. The results suggest more investment in FDI is necessary for reducing Nigeria unemployment rate in the long run and stabilizing it in the short run.
Congenital Parasitaemia Among Neonates, the Malaria Risk Factors and Haematological Parameters Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Federal Medical Centre Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria M, Swem M.; U, Amuta E.; S, Houmsou R.; K, Okon; A, Swem C.I.; Y, Akwa V.
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 4 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3616

Abstract

Malaria is a major public health problem, particularly among the vulnerable population of children aged less than 5years and pregnant women. Clinical impact of malaria disease is associated with high rate of morbidity and mortality. Consequential effect of malaria disease is the congenital transmission to neonates that result in diverse clinical syndrome, ranging from neonatal sepsis to jaundice. For better understanding of malaria epidemiology in pregnant women, the study eval__uate the preval__ence of malaria parasitaemia, associated risk factors and congenital transmission, using polymerase chain reaction technique to determine the Plasmodium speciation and genetic diversity. Study population was pregnant women at different gestational stage attending antenatal clinic of Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi Benue State. Systemic random sampling was employed in recruiting the study subjects, and a well-standardized questionnaire was administered before sample (blood) collection. The samples were analyzed using Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT), Microscopic Smear Examination and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Overall malaria parasite detection was 3.6 % by PCR, 2.0% by RDT and 4.3% by Microscopy. Comparing the demographic variables with malaria parasitaemia, high level was recorded among pregnant women within age-group <20years(16.7%, 1/5) Location had high positivity among pregnant women in rural areas (10.5%,2/17,occupation(students, 6.0%,3/50), educational background(secondary, 6.2%, 8/121), marital status(non-married, 9.1%,2/20), parity(Secundigravidae)(4.8% 6/120), Malaria preventive measures, use of mosquito coil(8.0%,2/23), intermittent preventive therapy(Yes, 5.9%,8/127) and haematinic intake(Yes, 4.3%,4/89), Drainage provided(4.3% 4/90), source of water(well, 6.7%,6/83) High malaria parasitaemia reported in second trimester (7.3%, 7/96). eval__uating the effect of malaria parasitaemia on haematological indices, high malaria parasitaemia was recorded among pregnant women with haemoglobin (<11g/dl)(4.5%, 7/150). Significant difference was observed in malaria parasitaemia and PCV(0.37-0.47, 18.2%, 2/9).3.8%(11/282) in white blood cell count within 5-11X109, pregnant women with normal neutrophil count(40-60)(5.7%, 4/66), 5.9%(2/32) in pregnant women with increased lymphocyte, 4.1%(7/102)in monocytopenia cases, 9.1%(2/20) in eosinophilia(>4), 12.5%(1/7) in basophilia and 5.0%(2/38) in thrombocytopenia(<150000). The diagnostic technique, RDT vs PCR shows a significant difference (Kappa=0.898). Using the MSP-1 and MSP-2 primer of amplified Plasmodium falciparum species, msp-1 amplified two clones,K1 and MAD20, MSP-2 amplified two clones, FC27 and 3D7.All families amplified at different frequencies and varied base pairs, indicative of genetic diversity. In conclusion, the preval__ence of malaria parasitaemia among pregnant women was low, the genetic diversity of the various clones identified is consistent with studies conducted in Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa, indicative of antimalarial therapy selective pressure. There was no congenital parasitaemia among the neonates.
Antibiofilm Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Seed Extract of Garcinia Kola Patricia, Okonofua Eghe; Nkene, Istifanus Haruna; David, Bando Christopher; Hannah, Nuhu Tubasen; Ngozi, Odii Josephine; Rebecca, Ayodele; Odii, Umahi Onu
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 4 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3617

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles from plant extracts are novel compounds with potential antimicrobial properties. Studies on antibiofilm activity of Ag-NPs synthesized from seed extracts of Garcinnia kola (G. kola) were carried out. Garcinnia kola seed were obtained from Keffi market, Nigeria. Green synthesis of Ag-NPs from the seed was carried using 2.0mm silver-nitrate by use of standard method. The Ag-NPs synthesized from the seed were characterized using former transmission infrared (FITR) spectroscopy and scanning election microscope. The antimicrobial activity of the Ag-NPs against Klebsiella pneumonia (Kp) isolates were carried out using agar dilution method. The biofilm formation by the isolates as well as the inhibition and dissolution by Ag-NPs were eval__uated using microplate method. The functional groups detected in the Ag-NPs were N-H, C-O, N-O, and CΞC with peaks 906.5cm-1,1282.2cm-2, 13344cm-1, 1550.6cm-1 and 217.1cm-1 respectively. The size of the particles ranges from 179-296nm. The minimum inhibiting concentration (MICs) of the particles and meropenem against the isolates were 250µg/l and 4.0µg/l. The functional inhibiting concentrates of the particles were 1.0. The optical clarity of biofilm formed by the isolates was 2.073 and 2.049. the percentage biofilm inhibiting effects of the particles was highest apart. KpC (K. Pneumoniae ATCC BAA 1075) with percentage inhibit ranges from 27.28-21.67% at 80-12.5% of the MICs. The percentage inhibiting effect of Ag-NPs in with meropenem was highest at MICs but low in MIC 12.5 with percentage inhibition 28.26% and 27.18%. The Ag-NPs alone and antibacterial activity and biofilm inhibiting effect while Ag-NPs in with meropenem had effect but against isolate but with potential antibiofilm activity.
Unleashing Effective Models of Collaboration for Rainwater Harvesting: Experiences from Nepal Yadav, Maheshwar Prasad; Aithal, P. S.; Yadav, Neelam; Karki, Tej Bahadur
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 4 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3660

Abstract

Background: Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is an age-old practice of a localized renewable and alternate source of water supply to meet the growing demand of people in developing countries like Nepal. Thus, the effective models of collaboration for providing water services through RWH is a pathway to the sustainable water management of the nation leading to achieving SDGs. Purpose: The paper aims at unleashing effective models of collaboration for RWH in the context of the rural areas of Nepal. Methodology: The study comprises a descriptive cum analytical research design based on both primary and secondary data. The necessary primary data were collected by conducting a field survey using a semi-structured questionnaire on a sample of 38 communities/projects having RWH systems while the secondary data were collected through relevant publications. The csollected data were analyzed using statistical tools through SPSS to derive results leading to major findings of the study. Analysis/Results: The study concluded that a collaborative plan provides a ground to get contributions from different stakeholders and increase their sense of ownership. The collaboration with the local government ensures co-financing and involvement in planning and monitoring and increases prospects for support to required rehabilitation in the future. Community engagement from planning to implementation to managing the systems ensures the system's functionality and sustainability, leading to caretakers’ management and promoting income-generating activities using waste/overflow water from the system. The multiple uses of water services (MUS) provide a basis for livelihood enhancement leading to regular payment of tariffs. The caretakers’ management ensures to fix minor repairs promptly as needed. A combination of monitoring and eval_uation with different stakeholders during implementation and afterward ensures efficient and effective implementation and sustainability of the RWH system. Originality/Value: No such study uses recent data related to effective models of collaboration for RWH in the context of the rural areas of developing countries like Nepal is accessible. The paper, therefore, is valuable for users’ committees, development actors, academia, and policymakers to create effective models of collaboration for RWH. This work may potentially be useful to academia for future studies. Future avenue: The extension of this study can be made by incorporating an analysis of diverse applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the water management sector in future studies.
Determination of Serum Copper Levels Effect on Learning Ability Among Apparently Healthy Schooling Adolescents Recruited from Sokoto, Nigeria Imam, Aminu Umar; Sarkingobir, Yusuf
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 4 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3661

Abstract

Copper is vital for human biological system especially for learning functions. The objective of this paper was to determine the effects of serum copper on learning ability among adolescents in Sokoto, Nigeria. Therewith, serum copper concentrations of the 230 recruited adolescents’ in-school from Sokoto, Nigeria were analyzed using the atomic absorption spectroscopy method, and reagents of analytical grade. The investigation of effect of copper concentration on learning potential was done in a quasi-experimental format. The findings (p<0.05) of serum copper concentration revealed mean serum copper in healthy subjects was 211(91.74%); serum copper deficient subjects were 19(8.26%). The low copper concentration observed based on age shows, 13(5.6%) of 14-16 years; and 6(2.6%) of 16-18 years. Observation of copper level in relation to learning potential show a mean of 62.28 in normal participants, and 36.92 in low copper participants. There is need for utmost diverse nutritional intervention on zinc consumption. There are still some adolescents that have low copper level in the state, and it may affect their learning and entire learning. Thus, it is important to provide better nutrition through using disparate intervention methods to bail the situation.
Regression Analysis on the Impact of Agriculture, Industry and Service Sector on Economic Growth in Nigeria Michael, Ibrahim; Akobi, Clement; Stephen, Mathew
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 5 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i5.3772

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of agriculture, industry, and the service sector on Nigeria's economic growth from 1990 to 2022, using data obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin. Employing an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model, the research explores the contributions of these key sectors to Nigeria's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The findings reveal that the industrial sector has a significant positive effect on GDP, emphasizing its crucial role in driving economic growth. The agricultural sector also contributes positively, though its impact is relatively modest, highlighting the need for modernization and investment to enhance productivity. Surprisingly, the service sector shows a statistically significant negative impact on GDP, contrary to its traditionally recognized role in economic expansion. This anomaly suggests underlying structural issues within the sector that require further investigation. The study's model explains approximately 59.65% of the variation in GDP, with no significant evidence of autocorrelation, heteroskedasticity, or multicollinearity affecting the results. Based on these findings, the study recommends targeted policy interventions to improve agricultural productivity, strengthen industrialization efforts, and reform the service sector to foster balanced and sustainable economic growth in Nigeria.
Physicochemical and Fungal Analysis of a Hydrocarbon-Polluted Soil at Amadi-Ama Creek of Bonny River Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria Iheanacho, Chinedu Christian; Nkwocha, Ikenna Light; Mgbede, Timothy; Abah, Moses Adondua; Osagie, Asuelimen Steve; Nonye, Eze Constance; Oyibo, Okpanachi Nuhu; Samuel, Woyengibarakemi Ann; Akpan, Rose Aniekan; Umezurike, Kingsley Chimuanya; Marvis, Alajemba Chinonso; Idris, Nancy
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 5 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i5.3775

Abstract

Numerous hydrocarbon-utilizing fungal species have been implicated with the ability to utilize/degrade hydrocarbon as carbon source, which indicate their potential for environmental cleanup in hydrocarbon-contaminated sites. In this study, five (5) indigenous fungal species were isolated from a petroleum-hydrocarbon polluted soil at Amadi-ama Creek, Bonny river shoreline, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. These fungal species may have high potential to biodegrade petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants. Samples were collected randomly from the hydrocarbon impacted soil at Amadi-ama Creek, Bonny river shoreline. Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar (SDA) and Czapek Agar were used as growth media. Samples were examined to assess the physical and chemical characteristics such as conductivity, pH, temperature, nitrate, iron, copper, zinc, chromium, phosphate, sulphate, total hydrocarbon content, total petroleum hydrocarbon, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. These parameters are known to influence the occurrence, diversity and distribution of microorganisms in an ecological niche. Soil pH showed to be acidic (6.21), result also showed that Total hydrocarbon content, Total petroleum hydrocarbon and Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon values were at 306.55mg/kg, 112.134mg/kg, 44.227mg/kg respectively establishing the incidence of hydrocarbon pollution. Electrical conductivity and Temperature were at 1250 Us/cm, and 29.580C respectively while Nitrate, Phosphate, Sulphate, Iron, Copper, Zinc, and Chromium values were at 1.228mg/kg, 0.751mg/kg, 20.214mg/kg, 18.431mg/kg, 0.113mg/kg, 0.121mg/kg, and 0.042mg/kg respectively. Monitoring of the soil quality established the incidence of hydrocarbon pollution as well the incidence of anthropogenic influence on the soil putting into cognizance human activities at the shoreline. Morphological identification of obtained fungal species led to their assignment into four (4) genera and five (5) species; Aspergillus niger (28%), Aspergillus flavus (22%), Cladosporium herbarum (20%), Penicillium notatum (17%), Fusarium spp (11%). The predominance of Aspergillus isolates (28% and 22%) in this study could be a pointer to their potential to utilize hydrocarbon as their sole source of nutrient. The isolation of these indigenous fungal species could serve as a baseline study on which further analysis such as hydrocarbon degradation screening test could determine their individual hydrocarbon degradation potentials and subsequent consideration as hydrocarbon degrading microbes in subsequent bioremediation study.
Effect of Temperature on Microplastic Degradation in Soil Environment Abah, Moses Adondua; Olawale, Otitoju; Timothy, Mgbede; Timothy, Nwali Chukwuebuka; Oyibo, Okpanachi Nuhu; Okpanachi, Victor; Yola, Anna; Uchechukwu, Ukoh Daniel; Ifeanyi, Onyedinma Emmanuel; Owei, Joy Ebimoboere; Abimbola, Adeyemi Bashirat; Najeeb, Aliyu Olamilekan; Chinenye, Chinweuba Rachael; Egwolo, Fueta Loveth; Iheanacho, Chinedu Christian; Edoka, Oduh Solomon
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 5 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i5.3797

Abstract

The contamination of soil caused by the degradation of plastics introduced through disposal has been increasing globally. Researchers have reported that exposure to microplastics, the degradative product of plastic materials triggers a “wide variety of toxic insults”. The present study aimed at investigating the effect of temperature on microplastic degradation in soil environment. Soil samples were collected from Federal University Wukari farm, air-dried and sieved to obtain fine particles. They were arranged in three groups; one served as the control (Group 1), containing no shredded microplastics, whereas microplastics were shredded in Group 2 and Group 3 soil samples. They were all arranged in triplicates. The control group was kept at room temperature for 14 days whereas Group 2 was exposed to sunlight for 14 days. Group 3 was exposed to sunlight for 7 days. The results obtained from this study revealed the presence of the following microplastic types in Group 2 and 3 soil samples: polyamide, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene glycol, terephthatic acid, acrylic acid and polyester. The highest level of total detectable microplastics were associated with Group 3 soil samples (59314.95±808.35), followed by Group 2 soil samples (56022±1352.14) and lastly Group 1 (control) soil samples (32703.51±649.99) respectively. The result also revealed polyamide to be the most abundant microplastic present in all the assayed soil samples: Group 3 (48977.99±1071.61), Group 2 (52204.46±582.03) and Group 1 (28022.08±425.28) whereas the least microplastic present in all assayed soil samples was Terephthatic acid shown as thus: Group 3 (393.69±17.44) > Group 2 (369.36±28.11) > Group 3 (211.32±14.77) respectively. Overall, the result revealed that soil samples exposed to sunlight for a period of 7 days (Group 3) had the highest level of individually detected microplastics followed by soil samples exposed to sunlight for 14 days (Group 2). The control group clearly showed the least levels of individually detected microplastics. The study revealed that microplastics upon exposure to UV rays from sun light could undergo degradation yielding several intermediates which may be either more or less harmful. The study also revealed that the longer the exposure of a microplastic material to UV rays, the higher the degradation rate and the more intermediates associated with the microplastic material will be yielded. On the other hand, the shorter the exposure time of a microplastic material to UV rays, the lesser the degradation rate and less intermediates associated with the microplastic material will be yielded.
Analysis of Pavement Failure (Flexible Foundation): A Case Study of Bauchi-Kaduna Abdulmajid, Ibrahim; Yau, Engr. Yusuf; Enabulele, Ewemade Cornelius
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 5 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i5.3802

Abstract

This research investigates the causes of pavement failures shortly after a rehabilitation activity along Bauchi-Kaduna Road (Magama-Gumau-RahamaRoad.). One of the principal objectives of this research effort was to identify sources of Moisture and other conditions that led to the early rutting problems observed. Improper tack coat or failure, permeable dense-graded layers, inadequate drainage, and possibly insufficient Compaction of dense-graded material were the likely root causes of the observed moisture damage and consequential rutting problems. The other principal objective was to evaluate design, construction, and materials requirements -that will minimize the risk of such failures for future rehabilitation projects so that guidelines could be developed for this process.

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