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Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27754952     DOI : 10.56338/jphp
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy is an national, peer-reviewed journal. It publishes original papers, reviews and short reports on all aspects of the science, philosophy, and practice of public health. It is aimed at all public health practitioners and researchers and those who manage and deliver public health services and systems. It will also be of interest to anyone involved in provision of public health programmes, the care of populations or communities and those who contribute to public health systems in any way. These include: Epidemiology Health education and behavioral science Environmental Health Occupational Health and Safety Biostatistics Health Administration and Policy Reproduction health Pharmacy This is not an exhaustive list and the Editors will consider articles on any issue relating to public health.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 137 Documents
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Community-Based Tobacco Smoking Cessation Programmes Among Adolescents in Sarawak: Lesson Learned from Process Evaluation Muhammad , Siddiq; Rahman, Md Mizanur; Lukas, Sabrina Binti; Kana, Kamarudin Bin; Aren, Merikan Bin; Ajeng , Rudy Ngau; Gahamat , Mohd Faiz
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1: MARCH 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i1.5268

Abstract

Introduction: This study evaluated the effectiveness of community-based quit-smoking interventions using the 5A’s and 3A’s modules. Methods: The study was conducted between 2020 and 2021 in Samarahan and Asajaya District, Sarawak, Malaysia. The study included 519 participants out of 600 individuals, and both facilitators and observers evaluated the process. The process evaluation assessed various components: fidelity, dose delivered, dose received, reach, satisfaction, context, justification for intervention withdrawal, facilitator influence on sessions, and intervention feedback. Results: The study found that most facilitators executed more than 85% of both session modules, achieving at least 75% of the objectives. Most participants of both sessions were positively and actively engaged and would recommend intervention to others. The participants reported positive feedback. However, 26.3% of participants withdrew from the second session due to inconvenient timing. The observer’s fidelity evaluations of both intervention sessions were fully implemented according to plans, achieving over 75% of their objectives. Observers acknowledged active and engaged participants during both intervention sessions and regarded all facilitators as appropriate and positive toward participants. The process evaluation showed that the interventions were administered well, and smoking adolescents demonstrated a willingness to quit smoking due to the outcomes of this intervention. Conclusion: The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of community-based interventions for quitting smoking and highlight the importance of evaluating the process of interventions to understand their relationship with outcomes. The study’s results can inform the development and implementation of future interventions to reduce smoking incidence among adolescents.
Health Seeking Behaviour During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Influencing Factors in Indonesia Kurniawan, Arif; Gamelia, Elviera
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1: MARCH 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i1.5360

Abstract

Introduction: Data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health on April 13, 2020, indicated that there were up to 4,557 positive COVID-19 cases in 34 provinces, 380 cases that recovered, and 399 cases that died. One of the transmissions of COVID-19 occurs through nosocomial infections that occur in health service institutions, namely hospitals, health centres’, or polyclinics. The significant incidence of nosocomial infection cases in the COVID-19 transmission chain raises the question of whether or not this alters community patterns around health service utilization. The objective of this research was to ascertain the community's health-seeking behavior during the COVID-19 epidemic and the elements that impact that behavior. The novelty of this research focused on the sociocultural context in Indonesia and its contributions to global discussions on pandemic health behavior. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional survey methodology. People living on Indonesian territory make up the research's population. There were 312 participants in the study's sample. Accidental sampling was the method employed for sampling. A questionnaire is the data collection tool and using logistic regression to analysed data. Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, 56.4 percent of people had good health seeking behavior, compared to 43.6 percent of people who had poor health-seeking behavior. Most of the respondents sought treatment at health services (99.0%), and the rest did not seek treatment at health services (1.0%). Respondents who seek medical treatment include practicing doctors (76.3%), primary health clinics (60.3%), puskesmas (59%), and hospitals (69.2%). During the COVID-19 pandemic, factors that affected health-seeking behavior were income (0.01), marital status (0.001), travel time to health services (0.029), and health-service knowledge (0.069). Conclusion: There is a joint influence of income, marital status, travel time to health services, and knowledge of health seeking behavior during the COVID-19.
Evaluation of Herbal Honey with Black Cumin and Curcuma xanthorriza as an Antioxidant Supplement for Stunting Prevention Hardia, Lukman; Akrom, Akrom; Hidayati, Titiek; Sulistyani, Nanik
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1: MARCH 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i1.5549

Abstract

Introduction: Honey has been widely used as a nutritional supplement and medicine. Many herbal honey products are developed as nutritional supplements that are combined with SFM to make them more effective, but there are still many shortcomings due to the unpleasant taste produced, unattractive physical appearance, and high susceptibility to oxidation reactions that cause severe damage to the quality of honey, especially in the content of active substances, viscosity, and pH, which can cause the effectiveness of honey to decrease and result in product failure as nutritional supplements to treat stunting problems. We have developed an herbal honey multi-nutrient supplement that combines honey with black cumin oil and Curcuma xanthorriza extract called HBCX. Adding Curcuma xanthorriza extract and black cumin oil to honey is expected to increase honey's benefits as an antioxidant. This study aims to determine the physicochemical characteristics (pH and viscosity), heavy metal contamination content, polyphenols, and antioxidant activity. Methods: This experimental laboratory research was conducted at the Pharmacy Lab, Faculty of Pharmacy, UAD. The viscosity and pH of HBCX were observed using an Ostwald viscometer and a pH meter. Total phenol determined by Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and gallic acid standard. Determination of antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The data are presented in a quantitative descriptive manner and matched with the SNI honey standard. Results: The results showed that HBCX herbal honey had a higher viscosity than the sampled honey from the market but was still lower than the SNI requirements. HBCX honey has a lower pH than sample honey products from the market but still complies with national standards. HBCX honey is safe from heavy metal contamination and contains polyphenols. The antioxidant activity of HBCX honey is relatively high, with IC50=54.78 ppm. Conclusion: HBCX has high polyphenol content, is safe from heavy metal contamination, and has sufficient antioxidant activity.
The Sensitivity, Specificity and Cutoff of Physical Activity and Psychological Stress on Chronic Kidney Disease Tasnim, Tasnim; Imran, Imran; Sugireng, Sugireng; Akib, Nur Illiyin
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1: MARCH 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i1.5778

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi tends to increase. CKD is a Silent Killer disease, because sufferers do not realize it early. There are many risk factors for CKD, including low physical activity and psychological stress, but their effects on CKD unclears in Kendari City. The aim of study is to analyse level sensitivity, specificity and cutoff point of physical activity and psychological stress effect on CKD in Kendari City. Methods: This study applied a quantitative method with cross sectional study recruited 136 people who aged 17-75 years old. They were interviewed with a questionnaire and took urine samples to determine proteinuria as a biomarker of CKD, using the 24-hour urinalysis method. Data analysis used the ROC curve at a 95% confidence interval (p<0.05) was considered statistically significant. Results: This study found that physical activity had the ability to predict CKD by 68.6% (95%CI: 59.7%-77.5%). Meanwhile, the psychological stress variable has the ability to predict CKD is 76.1% (95% CI: 64.6%-87.7%). The sensitivity and specificity of physical activity are 62.9% and 63.6% respectively. The cut-off point of physical activity is 4.25 hours per day. Meanwhile, the sensitivity and specificity of psychological stress is 71.4% and 69.6% respectively. The Cutoff points for psychological stress is 12.50 or mild stress. Conclusion: Physical activity and psychological stress variables can both be used to predict CKD in Kendari City. However, the ability of the psychological stress variable is slightly stronger than the physical activity variable. Someone who does physical activity equal to or above 4.25 hours per day is 62.9% less likely to suffer from kidney disease, compared to those whose physical activity is less than 4.25 hours per day. Thus, for someone who experiences mild psychological stress or above, they are 71.4% more likely to experience kidney disease, compared to those who are not stressed. The results of this study can contribute to the literature to determine program standards in carrying out health promotion and prevention towards controlling chronic kidney disease.
Evaluation of Pharmacist-Based Services for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Indonesian Community Health Centers Alfian, Riza; Nita, Yunita; Athiyah, Umi
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1: MARCH 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i1.5888

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a global epidemic that continues to rise, including in Indonesia, and it has significant impacts on public health. The role of pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care for diabetic patients in community health centers is crucial, yet challenges in its implementation persist. However, in-depth studies on pharmacists' practice experiences in this context are still limited in Indonesia. This study aimed to explore pharmacists' experiences in implementing pharmaceutical care for diabetic patients at community health centers in Indonesia. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in community health centers in South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Pharmacists practicing at community health centers were recruited between October and December 2023. The survey was distributed in both paper and online (Google Form) formats. The questionnaire used in the survey focused on the provision of assessment, care plan, and follow-up parameters regarding the medication of diabetic patients. Results: A response rate of 60,3% (n=143) was obtained from pharmacists involved in this survey. Regarding the assessment parameter, the indicator of assessment patient trust was the most dominant implemented by pharmacists (93,7%) compared to other indicators. In terms of the care plan parameter, providing information on medication indications was the most dominant indicator implemented (82,9%). Meanwhile, for the follow-up parameter, the indicator of medication adherence follow-up was the most dominantly implemented by pharmacists (79,1%). Factor analysis revealed that assessment, care plan, and follow-up evaluation each constituted one composite. Conclusion: The pharmaceutical care provided by pharmacists at community health centers for diabetic patients is still suboptimal. The factors that caused the suboptimal implementation of pharmaceutical care were resource limitations, inadequate specialized training for pharmacists, and insufficient support from the healthcare system.
A Systematic Review of Maternal and Child Health Policies in Addressing Stunting: Trends and Challenges Ramlan, Pratiwi; Sukri, Phill; Abdullah, Muh. Tang; Ibrahim , Muhammad Akmal; Ahmad , Jamaluddin; Adri , Khaeriyad
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1: MARCH 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i1.6001

Abstract

Introduction: Stunting, recognized as a prominent global health issue, particularly in low-income countries, arises from persistent undernutrition and frequent infections, adversely impacting children's physical development, cognitive abilities, and future economic productivity. Notwithstanding the implementation of various maternal and child health strategies designed to mitigate stunting, its incidence remains alarmingly high, exhibiting differential efficacy across diverse contexts due to obstacles in policy execution, accessibility issues, and socio-cultural influences. Methods: This study utilized a research methodology that included a bibliometric analysis of publications retrieved from the Scopus Database relating to maternal and child health policies in reducing stunting prevalence using the keywords “maternal and child health policies” and “stunting”. The findings were directly related to the research topic, revealing a total of 154 articles published from 2004 to 2023. The criteria set emphasized articles written in English, with the data obtained exported in CSV format. VOS viewer version 1.6.17 was used for bibliometric analysis in this study. Results: The results showed a significant increase in publications addressing the relationship between health policies and stunting prevalence. Academic discussions on policy and stunting have also increased, especially in the fields of medicine and nursing, which reveal the health impacts on stunted children. Data analysis from various studies emphasized the importance of evidence-based strategies that combine medical interventions with structural, social and economic transformation. Conclusion: In conclusion, this review emphasizes the importance of collaboration between various sectors, including health, education, and agriculture, in addressing stunting. Policymakers should consider establishing dedicated funding streams through public-private partnerships to ensure the sustainability of stunting prevention programs. Implementing regulatory frameworks that mandate intersectoral collaboration between health, education, and agriculture sectors can enhance policy coherence and resource optimization. Furthermore, adopting performance-based incentives for local health agencies may encourage more effective policy implementation and service delivery.
Adolescent Behavior in Implementing Clean and Healthy Living Practices through Local Wisdom-Based Character Education: A Cross-Sectional Study Yani, Ahmad; Afrianto, Indra; Syukran, Muhammad; Noviyanti Rachman, Wa Ode Nova; Muhamad, Zuriati
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1: MARCH 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i1.6141

Abstract

Introduction: Adolescence is a crucial phase for the development of lifelong health behaviours. Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) is essential for enhancing public health, particularly among adolescents. This study focuses on the role of character education based on local wisdom in promoting PHBS among adolescents in Balaesang District, Donggala Regency. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2024, involving 150 adolescents aged 12-15 years. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and field observations. The study evaluated the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and actions towards PHBS and the impact of character education based on local wisdom. Data analysis was conducted using the chi-square test. Results: The findings revealed significant relationships between knowledge (p = 0.004), attitudes (p = 0.001), and actions (p = 0.002) toward the implementation of PHBS. Character education based on local wisdom was found to strengthen adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and actions, leading to improved implementation of PHBS. Conclusion: Character education incorporating local wisdom plays a vital role in promoting clean and healthy behaviours among adolescents. Integrating cultural values with health education can effectively enhance the knowledge, attitudes, and actions of students, contributing to better public health outcomes.
Correlation of Responsive Caregiving with Child Development Ichromy, Ulfi Rifki; Suryawan, Ahmad; Irmawati, Mira
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1: MARCH 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i1.6247

Abstract

Introduction: Caregiving or parenting significantly impacts a child's growth and development. Responsive caregiving is regarded as the optimal caregiving model. Current research pertains to responsiveness and the cognitive and psychosocial development of children. However, research linking responsive caregiving to children’s development is still rarely conducted. This study aimed to determine the correlation between responsive caregiving patterns and child development. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on children aged 48 to 72 months in Bina Anaprasa kindergartens Surabaya within May 2024. Data collection was obtained through interviews and observation of interactions between caregivers and children. Responsiveness was measured using responsiveness criteria in the HOME assessment score. Child development was measured using Denver II. Denver II tests child development as general, which consist of gross-motor, language, fine motor and personal-social developments. Data analysis used a correlation test based on each variable’s scale. Ethical approval was obtained from Komite Etik RS Dr. Soetomo, and participants provided written informed consent. Results: A total of 67 children from 4 kindergartens were included in this study. This study found 7 children (10.5%) with developmental delay. A significant relationship was found between parenting responsiveness and general child development [p=0.021; OR: 7.5 (1.31-42.76)]. If specified, fine motor development have significant relationship (p=0.006). However, there was no significant correlation between responsive caregiving and gross motor development (p=0.299), language development (p=0.060), and personal-social development (p=0.076). Conclusion: Responsive caregiving was correlated with general child development and fine motor development. However, there was no correlation between responsive caregiving and other development parts. Although responsive caregiving is already widely recommended for optimal child growth and development, it is not routinely evaluated. We recommend routine assessment and caregiving training as early intervention. The limitation of this study is that the sample were homogeneous, and did not involve other influential variables such as nutritional intake and socioeconomic status. Further study addressing this limitation can be conducted.
Pathogenic Bacteria on Musca domestica: Identification and Antibiotic Sensitivity via MALDI-TOF Kanan, Maria; Herawati Herawati; Inda Hafid; Sandy N. Sakati; Muhammad Syahrir
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1: MARCH 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i1.6268

Abstract

Introduction: Flies are mechanical vectors that can transmit a variety of pathogenic bacteria, potentially causing human infections, especially in hospital settings. Rapid and accurate identification of these pathogenic bacteria, as well as assessment of their sensitivity to antibiotics, is essential for effective infection control. Methods: Sampling of flies in temporary rubbish bins in the hospital environment. Isolation of pathogenic bacteria from fly body surface by culture method, identification of bacteria using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry technology. Antibiotic sensitivity test was conducted using Viteks 2 Compact to assess the effectiveness of therapy against the isolated bacteria. Ethical approval was obtained from Hasanuddin University Makassar. Results: Four species of pathogenic bacteria, namely Staphylococcus sciuri, Staphylococcus xylosus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, were successfully identified quickly and accurately using the MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry method. Staphylococcus sciuri and Staphylococcus xylosus are sensitive to Benzylpenicillin, Oxacillin, and Ciprofloxacin, although Staphylococcus sciuri shows moderate resistance to Moxifloxacin. Klebsiella pneumoniae is resistant to Ampicillin, but is effective when combined with Sulbactam, while Proteus mirabilis is generally sensitive, except for Tigecycline. These findings are relevant for infection prevention strategies in hospitals, providing more appropriate antibiotic use guidance and supporting antimicrobial resistance control programs. Conclusion: MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry method proved effective in the rapid and accurate identification of pathogenic bacteria from flies. Antibiotic sensitivity testing is essential to determine the most effective therapy and avoid the use of less effective antibiotics.
Teachers' and Adolescents' Perceptions of Mental Health and Character Education as Preventative Measures Against Youth Violence Irwan, Muhammad; Irfan , Irfan; Rahman , Sari Rahayu; Kadir , Laksmyn; Risnah, Risnah
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1: MARCH 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i1.6303

Abstract

Introduction: Mental health significantly influences both adolescent emotional well-being and the likelihood of violence, as adolescents with strong mental health are better equipped to manage interpersonal conflicts and resist pressures that may otherwise lead to violence. This study explores how perceptions of mental health among teachers and adolescents contribute to emotional resilience and provide a foundation for anti-violence character development. Methods: Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data was collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving ten informants—six students and four teachers—selected via purposive sampling to capture varied insights. Results: Results reveal that perceptions of mental health among both adolescents and teachers are diverse but commonly highlight the value of emotional and psychological stability. Furthermore, the role of family and early life experiences is consistently emphasized as essential in shaping mental health, affecting how adolescents manage emotions and conflicts. Findings also suggest that character traits developed from childhood and through formative experiences are instrumental in supporting an individual’s mental health and ability to respond to social stressors without resorting to violence. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the connection between teachers' and students' perceptions of mental health and character as a key strategy for preventing violence. The findings underscore the crucial role of collaboration among schools, families, and communities in creating a supportive environment for students' character development and mental well-being. The study’s implications highlight the necessity of comprehensive, school-based initiatives and educational policies that integrate mental health and character education. Educators are encouraged to adopt character-focused approaches, policymakers to formulate inclusive policies, and researchers to explore this issue across various socio-cultural settings to strengthen violence prevention efforts.

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