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Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Published by Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization
ISSN : 29871425     EISSN : 29871425     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59345/sjn
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Focus Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology (SJN) focused on the development of medical sciences especially neurology for human well-being. Scope Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology (SJN) publishes articles which encompass all aspects of basic research/clinical studies related to the field of neurology and allied science fields, especially all type of original articles, case report, review articles, narrative review, meta-analysis, systematic review, mini-reviews and book review.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Syaraf - Neorologi
Articles 26 Documents
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Bell's Palsy as a Potential Predictor Factor for Stroke: A Systematic Literature Review Gosal, Indra Febryan; Ulfa, Nurul Nisa; Sembiring, Dewanta
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v2i1.98

Abstract

Introduction: Bell's palsy, which is caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV), can be a marker for stroke. This study aims to identify and explain the potential of Bell's palsy as a predictor factor for stroke. Methods: The literature search process was carried out on various databases (PubMed, Web of Sciences, EMBASE, Cochrane Libraries, and Google Scholar) regarding Bell’s palsy and stroke. The search was performed using the terms: (1) " Bell’s palsy" AND "morbidity" AND (2) "stroke". This study follows the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) recommendations. Results: There are three studies included in this review. A study by Lee et al. stated that there was a significant value in the group of patients aged over 45 years with low socioeconomic status and patients with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and coronary artery disease (p < 0.005). A study by Kim et al. stated that the Bell's Palsy group had a hazard ratio (HR) (1.19-2.02) for the development of stroke in the future. Meanwhile, a study by Lee et al. showed a significantly higher cumulative incidence of ischemic stroke in Bell's palsy (P < 0.001) compared with controls, which was different from hemorrhagic stroke (P = 0.141). Conclusion: Bell's palsy acts as a simple predictor of stroke.
Analysis of Risk Factors for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) Savitri, Kania Aviandi
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v2i1.100

Abstract

Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is one of the musculoskeletal disorders most frequently reported in hospitals. Research on risk factors for CTS in Indonesia is still limited. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the risk factors for CTS at Dharma Husada Hospital, Probolinggo, Indonesia. It is hoped that this research can provide more complete information about the risk factors for CTS in Indonesia. Methods: This study is an analytical observational research with a cross-sectional. This study uses secondary data obtained from the medical records installation at Dharma Husada Hospital, Probolinggo, Indonesia. Results: A total of 300 research subjects took part in this study. Female gender, age ≥50 years, work with repeated use of hands and wrists and length of work with wrists more than 6 hours per day are risk factors that play a major role in the incidence of CTS at Dharma Husada Hospital Probolinggo Indonesia. Conclusion: Jobs that require repetitive use of the hands and wrists are one of the main risk factors for CTS. This is caused by repeated pressure on the median nerve in the carpal tunnel.
The Relationship Between Shift Work Patterns and Cognitive Function Disorders in Health Workers at Hospital X, West Java, Indonesia Malau, Bintang Leonard; Amilya Agustina; Pukovisa Prawiroharjo; Winnugroho Wiratman; Retno Asti Werdhani
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v2i1.105

Abstract

Introduction: Jobs with shift work patterns, especially irregular ones, can disrupt circadian rhythms and sleep quality, which then impacts cognitive function. Despite its importance, research on cognitive domain vulnerabilities related to shift work patterns is still limited. Sleep quality and cognitive function are critical in the context of hospital health services, where decisions and actions must be taken quickly and precisely to support patient safety. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional observational analytical study to determine the relationship between shift work patterns and impaired cognitive function. To measure sleep quality, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Indonesian (PSQI-Ina) is used, while cognitive function and cognitive domains were measured using Oxford Cognitive Screen (OCS) Indonesian (OCS-Ina), a cognitive instrument for stroke patients, which has been validated. The minimum sample size in this study was 72 samples. Correlation, principal component analysis, demographic analysis, and regression were used to characterize the relationship between PSQI-Ina, OCS-Ina, and other research variables. Results: A total of 83 health workers met the inclusion criteria and were included in the research. The results showed that 16 respondents (19.3%) experienced impaired cognitive function in the Attention domain and 2 respondents (2.4%) experienced impairment in 2 cognitive domains (Attention and Number Management). The results of statistical analysis showed a significant relationship with health workers who had part-time jobs having a 12.8-fold risk (OR 12.8; 95% CI 1.7-91; p = 0.011) of experiencing cognitive impairment. Then health workers who experience poor sleep quality (with a PSQI value >5) have a 40.3 times greater risk (OR 40.3; 95% CI 2.2-708.1; p = 0.011) of experiencing cognitive impairment. Likewise, health workers with irregular shift work patterns have a 5.4 times risk of experiencing cognitive impairment (OR 5.4; 95% CI 0.1-26.6; p = 0.036). Conclusion: There is a relationship between shift work patterns and impaired cognitive function in the workplace. Hospitals should prioritize ergonomic shift work schedules, emphasizing speed and clockwise rotation, to support the well-being of their healthcare workers.
The Impact of Cholesterol on Stroke Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in Central Java Maulani, Yulita; Toirov Abdukhamid Suvonovich; Emma Ismawatie; Asri Wulandari
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v2i1.150

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally, with variations in subtypes and risk factors observed across populations. The role of cholesterol in stroke, particularly its association with ischemic and hemorrhagic subtypes, continues to be investigated. This study aimed to examine the relationship between cholesterol levels and stroke outcomes in a Central Javanese population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at hospitals in Central Java, Indonesia. Data were collected from medical records of patients diagnosed with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke between January and December 2022. Demographic information, stroke subtype, and cholesterol levels were analyzed. Statistical tests were employed to assess the association between cholesterol and stroke outcomes. Results: The study included 68 patients (34 ischemic, 34 hemorrhagic). The majority of hemorrhagic stroke patients were female (52.9%), while ischemic stroke patients were predominantly male (64.7%). The mean cholesterol level for hemorrhagic stroke patients was 202.59 mg/dL, and for ischemic stroke patients, it was 190.26 mg/dL. Statistical analysis revealed no significant association between cholesterol levels and stroke subtype (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that cholesterol levels may not be a primary determinant of stroke subtype in this Central Javanese population. Further research is warranted to explore other potential risk factors and their interplay with cholesterol in influencing stroke outcomes.
Longitudinal Assessment of Biomarkers for Predicting Alzheimer's Disease Progression: A Prospective Cohort Study in Thailand Hanphanitphan, Serene
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v2i1.154

Abstract

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and memory impairment. Early identification and prediction of disease progression are critical for timely intervention and management. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the longitudinal trajectories of various biomarkers and their predictive value for AD progression in a Thai population. Methods: A cohort of participants, including individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and cognitively normal older adults, were recruited from memory clinics and community settings in Thailand. Baseline assessments included clinical evaluations, neuropsychological tests, and biomarker measurements (cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, neuroimaging, and blood-based markers). Participants underwent follow-up assessments at regular intervals over several years to track disease progression. Results: The study identified longitudinal changes in various biomarkers associated with AD progression. CSF biomarkers, such as amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau, showed significant alterations over time, with decreasing Aβ and increasing tau levels observed in individuals transitioning from MCI to AD. Neuroimaging markers, including hippocampal volume and cortical thickness, demonstrated progressive atrophy in AD patients. Blood-based markers, such as neurofilament light chain (NfL), showed promising potential as predictors of disease progression. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the longitudinal trajectories of biomarkers and their predictive value for AD progression in the Thai population. The findings support the use of a multi-modal biomarker approach for early identification and monitoring of AD, paving the way for personalized interventions and improved patient management.
Burning Mouth Syndrome: Exploring the Role of Central Sensitization and Neuropathic Pain Mechanisms in Bandung, Indonesia Muhammad Ashraf; Syaifudin Syaifudin; Andhika Kurnianta Kusuma; Duru Carissa Neuer; Eduardo Michael Perez
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v2i2.170

Abstract

Introduction: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic pain condition characterized by a burning sensation in the oral cavity without any identifiable clinical or laboratory findings. While the etiology of BMS remains unclear, central sensitization and neuropathic pain mechanisms are increasingly recognized as potential contributors. This study aimed to investigate the role of central sensitization and neuropathic pain in BMS patients in Bandung, Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 40 participants diagnosed with BMS according to the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) criteria and 40 healthy controls. All participants underwent comprehensive assessments, including: (1) clinical oral examination, (2) quantitative sensory testing (QST) to assess thermal and mechanical sensitivity, (3) questionnaires to evaluate pain intensity, quality of life, anxiety, and depression, and (4) measurement of salivary cortisol levels as a marker of stress. Results: BMS patients exhibited significantly higher thermal and mechanical sensitivity compared to healthy controls (p<0.001). They also reported significantly higher pain intensity, poorer quality of life, and increased levels of anxiety and depression (p<0.001). Salivary cortisol levels were significantly elevated in the BMS group (p<0.05). Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between pain intensity and QST parameters, anxiety, depression, and salivary cortisol levels. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that central sensitization and neuropathic pain mechanisms play a significant role in the pathophysiology of BMS in Bandung, Indonesia. These findings highlight the need for a multidisciplinary approach to BMS management, incorporating strategies to address both peripheral and central factors contributing to pain.
Oral Health Status and its Association with Disease Severity in Parkinson's Disease: A Longitudinal Study in Semarang, Indonesia Husin Sastranagara; Syaifudin Syaifudin; Tan Kiew Lee; Nurul Hanifah; Brian Edgar Wicaksana
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v2i2.171

Abstract

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects motor and non-motor functions, including oral health. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the oral health status of PD patients in Semarang, Indonesia, and its association with disease severity over time. Methods: A cohort of 100 PD patients diagnosed according to the UK Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank criteria were recruited from the Neurology Clinic of Private Hospital, Semarang. Oral health assessments, including Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, periodontal status, and oral hygiene habits, were conducted at baseline and annually for three years. Disease severity was assessed using the Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) scale and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression models. Results: The majority of PD patients exhibited poor oral hygiene and a high prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease. DMFT scores and periodontal indices worsened significantly over the three-year follow-up period. Disease severity, as measured by H&Y stage and UPDRS scores, was significantly correlated with poorer oral health status. Regression analysis revealed that higher UPDRS scores at baseline predicted a more rapid decline in oral health over time. Conclusion: PD patients in Semarang, Indonesia, experience significant oral health challenges that are associated with disease severity and progression. These findings highlight the need for integrated oral healthcare in the management of PD to improve patients' overall quality of life.
Development and Validation of the Jakarta Post-Infectious Neurological Complication Risk Score (JPINCoRS) for Children Fatimah Mursyid; Husin Sastranagara; Rheina Weisch Fedre; Daphne Marshall
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v2i2.181

Abstract

Introduction: Post-infectious neurological complications (PINCs) in children represent a significant burden, particularly in developing countries like Indonesia. The early identification of high-risk children is crucial for timely intervention and resource allocation. We aimed to develop and validate a clinically applicable risk stratification score for PINCs in a Jakarta-based pediatric population. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at three major tertiary hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia, between January 2020 and December 2022. Children aged 1 month to 18 years admitted with a primary infectious diagnosis were eligible. Potential risk factors were collected through detailed medical history, physical examination, and laboratory investigations. The primary outcome was the development of a PINC, defined as any new neurological deficit persisting for at least 24 hours after the acute infectious phase, and categorized using a modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors and develop the Jakarta Post-Infectious Neurological Complication Risk Score (JPINCoRS). Results: A total of 1250 children were enrolled, with 188 (15.0%) developing a PINC. The final JPINCoRS model included six independent predictors: (1) Type of infection (Central Nervous System [CNS] infection: odds ratio [OR] 4.5, 95% CI 3.2-6.3; Systemic infection with sepsis: OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.9-4.1), (2) Duration of fever >5 days (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.5-3.2), (3) Presence of seizures during the acute infection (OR 3.5, 95% CI 2.4-5.1), (4) Altered mental status (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] <13) at admission (OR 3.0, 95% CI 2.1-4.3), (5) Thrombocytopenia (platelet count <100 x 10^9/L) (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.3-2.8), and (6) Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) >50 mg/L (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.4-3.0). The JPINCoRS demonstrated good discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.85, 95% CI 0.82-0.88) and calibration. Risk categories were defined as low (0-3 points), moderate (4-7 points), and high (8-12 points), with corresponding PINC rates of 3.5%, 18.2%, and 48.6%, respectively. Internal validation confirmed the model's robustness. Conclusion: The JPINCoRS is a simple, clinically applicable tool for predicting PINCs in children in Jakarta, Indonesia. It can aid clinicians in identifying high-risk patients who may benefit from closer monitoring, neuroimaging, and early intervention strategies. Further external validation in other settings is warranted.
Developing and Validating a Novel, Culture-Fair Assessment of Fluid Intelligence: A Multimodal Approach Combining Neuroimaging and Behavioral Measures in Indonesia Eva Naritawati; Vita Amanda; Wisnu Wardhana Putra; Moon Kaeun
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v2i2.182

Abstract

Introduction: Fluid intelligence (Gf) is a critical cognitive ability, but its assessment is often biased by cultural and educational factors. Existing Gf tests developed in Western contexts may not be valid in diverse populations like Indonesia. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel, culture-fair Gf assessment tool (the "Indonesian Fluid Intelligence Scale" - IFIS) for Indonesian adults, utilizing a multimodal approach combining behavioral testing with neuroimaging (fMRI and EEG). Methods: A mixed-methods design was employed. Phase 1 involved the development of the IFIS, drawing on culturally relevant materials and minimizing reliance on language and formal education. Phase 2 involved a cross-sectional study with 300 Indonesian adults (aged 18-45) with varying educational backgrounds and socioeconomic statuses, recruited from urban and rural areas. Participants completed the IFIS, a standardized Gf test (Raven's Progressive Matrices - RPM), and underwent fMRI and EEG recordings during cognitive task performance. Statistical analyses included correlational analyses, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and machine learning techniques to explore the relationship between IFIS scores, RPM scores, and neural activity patterns. Results: The IFIS demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.85) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.88). CFA supported a single-factor structure for the IFIS. IFIS scores correlated significantly with RPM scores (r = 0.68, p < 0.001), but showed weaker correlations with years of education (r = 0.35, p < 0.001) compared to RPM (r = 0.52, p < 0.001). fMRI revealed that higher IFIS scores were associated with increased activation in the frontoparietal network (FPN), particularly the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC), during task performance. EEG analysis showed increased theta and alpha power in frontal and parietal regions during IFIS task performance, correlating with higher scores. Machine learning models, using combined fMRI and EEG data, could predict IFIS scores with high accuracy (AUC = 0.89). Conclusion: The IFIS provides a promising, culture-fair assessment of Gf in Indonesian adults. The multimodal approach, combining behavioral and neuroimaging data, provides strong evidence for the construct validity of the IFIS. The findings highlight the importance of considering cultural context in cognitive assessment and demonstrate the potential of neuroimaging to validate cognitive measures.
Predicting Meningioma Risk: The Role of Hormone-Related Molecular Markers and Intracellular Signaling Pathways Sari Sulistyoningsih; Miranda Aisah; Utter Prakesh; Bryan Helsey
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v2i2.185

Abstract

Introduction: Meningiomas are common intracranial tumors with an established association with hormonal factors. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the predictive value of hormone-related molecular markers and their associated intracellular signaling pathways in meningioma development. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted, including 200 patients with histologically confirmed meningioma (cases) and 200 age- and gender-matched controls. Tumor tissue and serum samples were analyzed for the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), androgen receptor (AR), and growth hormone receptor (GHR) using western blot and ELISA, respectively. The activation status of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways was assessed by analyzing the levels of phosphorylated proteins in the pathways. Results: Elevated expression of ER, PR, and GHR was observed in the tumor tissue of meningioma cases compared to controls (p<0.05). Serum levels of ER and PR were also significantly higher in cases. Analysis of signaling pathways revealed increased activation of both PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK/ERK pathways in meningioma cases. Multivariate analysis confirmed that ER and PR expression, both in tumor tissue and serum, were independent predictors of meningioma risk, along with age and female sex. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that ER, PR, and GHR may serve as potential predictive markers for meningioma risk. The involvement of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways further underscores the complex interplay between hormonal factors and intracellular signaling in meningioma development. These findings may contribute to improved risk assessment and the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for meningiomas.

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