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Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia
ISSN : 01261193     EISSN : 2460545X     DOI : 10.35749
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Ophthalmologica Indonesiana is an open accessed online journal and comprehensive peer-reviewed ophthalmologist journal published by the Indonesian Ophthalmologist Association / Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata (PERDAMI). Our main mission is to encourage the important science in the clinical area of the ophthalmology field. We welcome authors for original articles (research), review articles, interesting case reports, special articles, clinical practices, and medical illustrations that focus on the clinical area of ophthalmology medicine.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Ophthalmology
Articles 869 Documents
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PREVALENCE OF DECREASED VISUAL ACUITY IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN PATIENTS AT KUTIME HEALTH CENTER, TOLIKARA DISTRICT, PAPUA PEGUNUNGAN PROVINCE Ferdiansyah, Muhammad; Vianny, Audra Lovita; Daeli, P. Rahmat; Nugroho, M. Dwi
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/17aa8q98

Abstract

Introduction: Vision has an important role in a child's learning process, and has a correlation with a child's achievement at school. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of decreased visual acuity or refractive errors in primary school-age children in the working area of the Kutime Health Center, Nabunage District, Tolikara Regency. Methods: This research is descriptive in nature with a cross-sectional research design and a total sampling technique. The sample for this study were all pediatric patients aged 6-12 years who went to the Kutime Health Center during the period June 2022 to December 2022. Examination of visual acuity in this study used the Snellen Chart. Results: Participants totaled 105 children with prevalence of decreased visual acuity at the Kutime Health Center at 5.71%. The prevalence is higher in girls (6.81%) than boys (4.91%). Based on the affected eyes, the left eye (5.71%) obtained refractive error more than the right eye (3.8%). Decreased vision found in this study was 6/15, 6/12, 6/10, and 6/7.5 which means it is included only in the category of mild vision loss. There were no children (0%) who experienced a moderate and severe decrease in visual acuity in the right or left eye. There were no children (0%) who experienced a profound reduction, reduced visual acuity to near blindness, and blindness without light perception in the right or left eye. The most common age range for children is in the age range of 10-12 years (7.89%). Most of the children with decreased visual acuity came from the village of Kabelogok (12.5%). Conclusion: The prevalence rate of eye disorders in the Kutime Health Center, Nabunage District, Tolikara Regency is 5.71%, this figure is still above the Papua Province rate, which is 2.4% and nationally, which is 4.6%. Advice that can be given to parents and the school is to carry out routine screening in order to be able to detect decreased visual acuity in children's eyes early so that they can be intervened more quickly so as not to exacerbate children's decreased visual acuity in the future.
Prevalence and characteristics Of miopia in elementary school children in Badung District , 2018 WATU, THEDIUS; Handayani, Ariesanti Tri; Manuaba, Putra
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/adqspq76

Abstract

Introduction & ObjectivesRefractive disorders are the second most common cause of blindness at all ages after cataracts andare the leading cause of visual impairment in the world. The World The most common refractivedisorder in students especially in Asia is miopia. This study aims to determine the prevalence andcharacteristics of miopia in elementary school children in Badung Regency, Bali. MethodsThis research is an observational with analytic cross-sectional study approach. Data were collectedprospectively in children in four elementary schools in Badung, Bali. To assess the relationshipbetween sex, age, history of wearing glasses in parents and duration of near work activity withmyopia using chi-square. ResultsThe subjects were 1,067 students, consisting of 557 (52.2%) women and 510 (47.8%) men, the mostage was 9 years (19.1%), the average duration of near work activity was 83.79 ± 29, 46 hours/week,152 students (14.24%) with refractive disorders and bilateral myopia were the most refractivedisorders (65.8%). Of the 150 students with miopia, 60% were female students, aged at most 11years (28%), 90% of students had uncorrectedmiopia, 68% of parents of students without miopia,mean near work activity was 81,71±23,30 hours / week. No significant relationship was foundbetween sex and age and the prevalence of myopia. Significant relationship was found between theuse of glasses in parents and the length of close-up activity with myopia with PR=7.35 (95% CI:7.10-10.56) and PR=1.177 (95% CI 1.05-1.78). ConclusionThere are differences in the characteristics of miopia in primary school students between urban andremote areas and between developed and developing countries due to sociodemographicdifferences, level of education, type of activity, income and culture.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF INTERLEUKIN-6 LEVELS AND THE DEGREE OF MYOPIA IN YOUNG ADULTS IN NORTH SUMATRA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL Hidayat, Salman Saisar; Amra, Aryani Atiyatul; Lubis, Rodiah Rahmawaty
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/jqnkkw14

Abstract

Background. Myopia is one of the refractive errors where parallel light from infinity is focused in front of the retina without accommodation. Various cytokines have been implicated in the development of myopia, including interleukin-6 (IL6) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). IL-6 is one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines that play a role in ocular disease pathology. Chronic subclinical inflammation may play a role in elongation of the eyeball, inflammation promotes the breakdown of the scleral extracellular matrix and results in axial elongation. Objective. To determine the relationship of interleukin-6 levels and the degree of myopia in young adults in North Sumatra University Hospital. Methods. This research is an analytic observational study with a case control design, held from February 2022. Primary and secondary data are collected from interviews and direct observation. Bivariate analysis of differences in interleukin-6 levels in myopia and emmetropia uses T-independent test, if the data are normally distributed. If the data are not normally distributed, then the Mann Whitney test is used. Bivariate analysis to analyze differences in interleukin-6 levels based on the degree of myopia uses the Kruskal Wallis test, followed by a post hoc test using the Mann Whitney test and t-independent. Results. A total sample consists of 30 patients who suffer from myopia and 30 control samples. The mean age in the myopia group was 28.87 years with the youngest age being 25 years and oldest age 34 years. Most of them are moderate myopia with 15 people (50%). There was no significant difference in interleukin-6 levels between myopia and control groups (p = 0.147). There was a difference in the mean level of interleukin-6 based on the degree of myopia (p = 0.005). Conclusions. There is an association between interleukin-6 levels and the degree of myopia in young adult patients. No differences in interleukin-6 levels were found significant between myopia and control groups.
SURGICAL OUTCOMES OF STRABISMUS CORRECTION IN LARGE ANGLE EXOTROPIA Sadida, Rahmah; Ekowati, Liana; Saubig, Arnila Novitasari
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/j47xb287

Abstract

Introduction & ObjectivesSurgery is one of the treatment options for strabismus. The success rates of surgical interventions,as reported in a number of different studies, vary widely. There is no database of surgical outcomein large angle exotropia patient undergoing surgery in Semarang, Central Java. This study aims toevaluate the surgical outcome of strabismus correction in large angle exotropia in Dr. KariadiGeneral Hospital. MethodsA retrospective study held from the medical record of patients with diagnosis large angle (>50?)exotropia undergoing strabismus correction surgery from January 2020-December 2022 in Dr.Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang. The clinical characteristics: sex, age, angle of exodeviation,amblyopia condition, sensory deprivation, and postoperative alignment were obtained. Surgicaloutcome measured with follow up of angle deviation in one month dan three months follow up aftersurgery. ResultsTotally 59 large angle exotropia patients were obtained with 31 (53%) were woman and 28 (47%)were man, range aged 1 year to 53 years old had preoperative angle of exodeviation 51->85 ?, 6(10%) had amblyopia, 11(18.6%) had sensory deprivation. By the 3 months post-operative visit,100% of all patients reported orthophoria. ConclusionThis study found the outcome of strabismus correction for large angle exotropia is satisfactory. Twoor three-muscle surgery provides an effective means for treatment of large angle exotropia.
Surgical Strategies for Divergence Excess: A Comparison of True Divergence Excess and Pseudo-Divergence Excess Cases: Poster Presentation - Case Series - Resident Anshari, Harsya Luthfi; Julita
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/ytmvpt49

Abstract

Introduction : True divergence excess (True DE) intermitent exotropia (IXT) is characterized by a greater deviation at distance than near ?10 prism diopters, while pseudo-divergence excess (Pseudo-DE) has greater deviation at distance than near but the difference becomes minimal after patching. Bilateral Lateral Recess (BLR) and Monocular Recess Resect (MRR) are commonly chosen for surgical planning. Case Illustration : Case 1, a 4-year-old female presented with squint since 1 year old. Hirschberg test showed XT 15° in near (N) and 30° in distance (D). Prism alternate cover test (PACT) result was 30 ?D (N) and 60 ?D (D). Case 2, a 4-year-old female presented with squint since 6 months old. Hirschberg test showed XT 30° (N) and 45° (D) and dominant right eye. PACT result was 70 ?D (N) and 80 ?D (D). Poor fusion was found in both cases. Both patients underwent monocular patching for 30 minutes. We diagnosed patient 1 with True DE and BLR was done, while patient 2 with IXT dominant right eye Pseudo-DE and MRR was done on the left eye. Discussion : First case was a patient with True DE who underwent 8-mm BLR, while second case was Pseudo-DE with dominant right eye who underwent monocular recess 11 mm and resection 8 mm on the left eye. Orthophoria was found after surgical correction in both cases. Conclusion : Surgery management in True DE and Pseudo-DE are challenging, especially in determining the amount of surgery dosage and it depends on surgeon's experience. Both cases achieved successful outcomes with surgical correction resulted in orthophoria.
OVERVIEW OF PATIENTS SCREENED FOR AND DIAGNOSED WITH ROP IN PEDIATRIC OPHTHALMOLOGY OUTPATIENT CLINIC BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: Poster Presentation - Observational Study - Ophthalmologist BARLIANA, JULIE DEWI; Sitorus, Rita Rita; Yulia, Dian Estu; Casey, Anthea; Zahra, Raihanny Andrea
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/hwpgv162

Abstract

Introduction & Objectives : The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted healthcare systems worldwide, leading to significant changes in the delivery of medical services. Non-urgent ophthalmology visits were canceled. However, premature infants at risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) require timely and in-person care to prevent vision loss. This study aims to report on the high-risk babies screened and diagnosed with ROP before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic Methods : This is a descriptive study conducted on premature infants who visited the pediatric ophthalmology outpatient clinic at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta between January 2019 and December 2022. Data was collected using medical records and presented using tables and charts Results : A total of 368 babies were screened for ROP in 2019, and 75% were diagnosed with ROP. During the lockdown in 2020, the number of babies screened for ROP decreased to 286, and the incidence of ROP was 38.5%. In 2021 and 2022, ROP screening increased to 458 and 515 babies per year, respectively. After the COVID-19 pandemic subsided, ROP screenings increased significantly from 2020 to 2021. The number of babies screened in 2021 and 2022 was similar, but the incidence of ROP decreased from 45.4% in 2021 to 20.3% in 2022 Conclusion : This study highlights the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ROP screening and diagnosis in a pediatric ophthalmology outpatient clinic. After the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of babies screened for ROP increased due to the end of the lockdown
Pseudopterygium After Limbal Dermoid Cyst Excision in a Child with Goldenhar Syndrome: Poster Presentation - Case Report - Ophthalmologist CAESARITA, DEA PRITA; Barliana, Julie Dewi
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/0e622333

Abstract

Introduction : Goldenhar syndrome is a rare congenital disorder also known as oculoauricularvertebral dysplasia. Limbal dermoid associated with this syndrome. This case report aims to present an reccurent pseudopterygium after three times limbal dermoid cyst excision in patient with Goldenhar syndrome. Case Illustration : Patient 13 years old male with pseudopterygium in right eye. Visual acuity both eyes 6/6 snellen chart. Fibrovascular tissue from tarsal conjunctival inferotemporal to 2 mm limbal cornea in right eye. Patient had limbal dermoid cyst in right eye since birth and underwent limbal dermoid cyst excision for three times. First time surgery used amniotic membrane transplantation, then second and third surgery used conjunctival limbal graft. Goldenhar syndrome have been diagnosed since the age of 2 years old. External examination noticed asymmetrical hemifacial microsmia, grade III microtia right ear, conduction deafness, and laryngomalacia. Discussion : Limbal dermoid cyst is one of characteristic of Goldenhar syndrome. In this case pseudopterygium grade II in right eye developed after limbal dermoid cyst excision for three times. Limbal dermoid simple excision may lead to corneal vascularization persistent epithelial defect, scar, and pseudopterygium. Various surgical include superficial keratectomy, amniotic membrane transplantation and lamellar or penetrating keratoplasty. Pseudopterygium still occurs in this case, even though recurrence has been prevented by administration of amniotic membrane transplantation and conjunctival limbal graft. Conclusion : We should be concerned about management of limbal dermoid cyst with Goldenhar syndrome to prevent recurrent pseudopterygium.
CHARACTERISTICS OF RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY IN MAKASSAR BETWEEN JANUARY 2020 AND DECEMBER 2022: Poster Presentation - Observational Study - Ophthalmologist RAHMAH, MARLYANTI NUR; MUHIDDIN, HABIBAH S.
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/07z7ka16

Abstract

Introduction & Objectives : Introduction: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is one of the leading causes of irreversible visual impairment in infants, especially in premature infants. Preterm birth leads to incomplete development of retina that will cause ROP. ROP screening is an early strategy to prevent irreversible blindness in ROP. Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of ROP in Makassar between January 2020 and December 2022. Methods : A multi-center observational descriptive study at ten hospitals in Makassar. Results : The total patients in this study were 168 infants (336 eyes) included 53.25% male and 46.15% female. The incidence of ROP in Makassar between January 2020 and December 2022 was 14.87%. Most of the patients had history of preterm birth with gestational age ranged from 28 to 33 weeks and low birth weight less than 1500 gram in 50% patients. Majority of patients had history of oxygen therapy (77.98%), and other risk factors such as sepsis, twin birth, history of transfusion, or apnea. About 98.81% patients had bilateral ROP and 33.93% were diagnosed with stage 3 at first screening. Photocoagulation laser was done in 41 patients (24.40%). Conclusion : The ROP screening in Makassar had a good outcome in managing the premature infants, so they can be diagnosed and got treated earlier. A sustainable screening program is required to prevent the irreversible blindness due to ROP.
What do we miss in this Orbital Retinoblastoma? Poster Presentation - Case Report - Resident Caroline, Christella; Fedora, Ghina; Soraya, Siti Halida Zoraida; Yulia, Dian Estu
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/vexz2k86

Abstract

Introduction : Orbital retinoblastoma (RB) is a dire event with a bleak prognosis. This report highlights the severe complications of retinoblastoma resulting from insufficient diagnostic and treatment efforts due to inadequate medical resources and socio-economic challenges. Case Illustration : A 4-year-old boy was brought in with swelling on his left eye socket and jaw, present for two months.He had exhibited leukocoria followed by proptosis 12 months prior and underwent enucleation without dermato-fat graft (DFG) five months ago. Histopathology revealed retinoblastoma without optic nerve invasion. Despite referral to a regional hospital for chemotherapy, he did not receive treatment due to socio-economic constraints. Two months post-operation, the left eye prosthesis spontaneously dislodged, accompanied by an enlarging eye and a left jaw mass. An ophthalmologic assessment disclosed a mass in the left orbital socket, while the right eye appeared normal. A CT scan identified masses in the left orbit, parotid, and masticator spaces, as well as bilateral colli lymphadenopathy. The patient was diagnosed with residual retinoblastoma and received chemotherapy. Discussion : Imaging is crucial in proptosis patients to determine tumor extent and management strategies. The standard approach involves initial chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and additional chemotherapy. High-risk histological features (HHRF) also warrant chemotherapy, although the presence of such features remains undetermined in this case. Employing multiple treatment modalities may enhance prognosis. Conclusion : Thorough examination and management are essential in retinoblastoma cases. Patient family education and diligent care play a crucial role in preventing the progression and spread of retinoblastoma.
Strabismus Surgery for Traumatic Ocular Misalignment: Twelve Cases in Five Years: Poster Presentation - Case Series - Ophthalmologist SURASMIATI, NI MADE AYU; RATNASARI, NI LUH MADE NOVI; HENDRAWAN, KEVIN ANGGAKUSUMA; SUTYAWAN, I WAYAN EKA
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/pdg34475

Abstract

Introduction : Trauma can cause an ocular misalignment due to damage of extraocular muscles, nerves and orbital tissue around the eye. Direct trauma causing extraocular muscle rupture needs immediate surgery, meanwhile indirect trauma resulting in traumatic sixth nerve palsy or other reversible ocular misalignment without orbital floor fracture can be observed for six months. This study describe the characteristic of patients undergo single-step strabismus surgery for traumatic ocular misalignment, mechanism of injury, eye alignment, amount of ocular deviation before and after strabismus surgery. Case Illustration : This was a case series based on medical record of patients underwent strabismus surgery secondary to head or eye injury from 2017 until 2022. Discussion : Twelve individuals with post-traumatic strabismus correction participated in this study. All subjects were male age ranging from 18-51 years. Direct trauma was observed in 6 (50%) patients causing medial rectus muscle rupture in 4 patients and inferior rectus muscle rupture in 2 patients. Indirect trauma was observed in 6 (50%) patients caused by sixth nerve palsy on 4 patients The misalignment was exotropia, esotropia, and hypertropia with amount of 5, 4, and 3 respectively. The deviation was between 30-90 prism dioptre (PD) and 7 (58%) patients had deviation less than 65 PD. Strabismus surgery performed was muscle transposition with or without recession of the antagonist muscle. Conclusion : Single step surgery for traumatic ocular misalignment can provide good result in cases of deviation less than 65 PD

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