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Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : 20877099     EISSN : 24076090     DOI : 10.25026/jtpc
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry is a Six monthly (June and December), international, open access, journal dedicated to various disciplines of pharmaceutical and allied sciences. Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry publishes manuscripts (Original research Article, review articles, Mini-reviews, and Short communication) on original work, either experimental or theoretical in the following areas: Pharmaceutics & Biopharmaceutics, Novel &Targeted Drug Delivery, Nanotechnology & Nanomedicine, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacognosy & Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Microbiology, Pharmacy practice & Hospital Pharmacy, Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacovigilance, Natural Product Research, Drug Regulatory Affairs, Case Study & Full clinical trials, Biomaterials & Bioactive polymers, Analytical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Physical Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 298 Documents
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Student Self-Medication Behavior in Stress Handling Risna Agustina; Ronny Lesmana; Neily Zakiyah; Siti Nuriyatus Zahrah; Ajeng Diantini
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v6i2.467

Abstract

Changing learning patterns from senior high school student to college student status is difficult, and each individual's response varies, some of which cause stress. Factors that cause stress are internal and external, and external factors consist of physical, conflict, emotional, and behavioral conditions. In comparison, the external factors consist of the physical environment, work environment, community environment, family environment, economic and legal problems. The burden of life stress is heavy and impacts the physical, such as feeling dizzy, nauseous, ulcers, and difficulty sleeping. Sometimes causes a person to take self-medication to overcome these uncomfortable symptoms. This study aims to determine the characteristics of early-level students and the stress level of early-level students at one of the State Universities of East Kalimantan Province. This study used a qualitative descriptive design on 121 students. Using a questionnaire through a cross-sectional approach with a purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the stress level of students showed mild stress as much as 30.58%, moderate stress at 56.20%, and severe stress as much as 13.22%. The number of students who did self-medication was more than those who did not provide treatment for the symptoms, 79.34%.
Evaluation of the Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Healthcare Students on Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance: A Study in Central University, Ghana Peace Doe; Cynthia Amaning Danquah; Kwasi Adomako Ohemeng; Gloria Awo Mashood; Jorindel Sepenoo; Kwame Ohene Buabeng; Michael Ofori
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v7i2.472

Abstract

Students undergoing programmes in healthcare will play an important role in the management of antibiotic resistance which is still a global problem. Their knowledge and attitude should be adequately documented. This study is carried out to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance among healthcare students in Central University, Ghana. In this study, 1027 students offering courses in pharmacy, nursing and physician assistantship participated in a survey to evaluate their knowledge, attitudes and perception on antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance. Data obtained was analyzed using STATA statistics DATA analysis software version 12.0. Descriptive statistics and chi-squared test was employed. Students displayed very good knowledge of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance with students studying physician assistantship and nursing showing greater knowledge. The attitude of the respondents on the use of antibiotics was slightly above average. There was a significant difference (p = 0.029) between students’ programme of study and how they obtained their last course of antibiotics. Students displayed average knowledge on antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance but there is a need for more education to improve their perception and attitudes in order to contribute towards curbing the global problem of antibiotic resistance.
Adsorptive Removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand Using Eggshells and Tea Waste Entrapped in Calcium Alginate Zulaikhah Fatmawati; Vita Paramita; Hermawan Dwi Ariyanto
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v7i2.480

Abstract

This study aims to assess the efficiency of two agricultural wastes as biosorbents to remove the chemical oxygen demand (COD) from a batik wastewater sample. COD-containing batik wastewater was treated with a combination of biosorbents by eggshells and tea waste activated using H?SO? and then immobilized in calcium alginate through the entrapment technique. The contact time, pH, and biosorbent dose were all investigated to examine the efficiency of biosorbent to remove COD. The independent variables for the optimization process are the contact time (47.13, 50, 60, 70, and 72.87 min), pH of the samples (1.71, 2,3, 4, and 4.28), and the ratio of the number of biosorbent between eggshells: tea waste (2.67:12.33, 3.75:11.25, 7.5:7.5, 11.25:3.75, and 12.33:2.67). The Characterization of the biosorbents was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis. The results show that eggshells and tea waste immobilized by calcium alginate with a ratio of 2.67 g: 12.33 g, a contact time of 60 min, and a sample pH of 3 are 89% effective in removing the COD in batik wastewater samples.
Effect of Combination of Dark Chocolate and Herbal Ingredients for Dysmenorrhea in Late Adolescents Rika Nurlaili Putri Azizah; Putri Anggreini; Fajar Prasetya
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v7i1.503

Abstract

About 55% of women experience dysmenorrhea. One of the foods that can reduce menstrual pain is dark chocolate. Other herbal ingredients such as turmeric, red ginger, moringa, sambiloto, and honey are also known to reduce pain. However, research on combination of dark chocolate with herbal ingredients has not been conducted. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of dark chocolate with herbs in reducing menstrual pain. This test was conducted on 30 respondents who were divided into three groups, namely the positive control group (K), dark chocolate (C), and a combination of dark chocolate with herbs (C+H). Dark chocolate was combined with herbal ingredients consisting of turmeric, red ginger, moringa, sambiloto extract, and honey as a beverage 250 mL. The study is quantitative research with quasi-experimental method. Pain measurement using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) sheet was given before and 2 hours after treatment. The data was analyzed using paired t-test. State the results of the values obtained the combination of dark chocolate and herbs showed a significant reduction in pain before and after treatment (p<0.05). Based on these results, it was concluded that the combination of dark chocolate with herbs could be one of the therapies for dysmenorrhea.
Antithrombotic and Antioxidant Activities of Binahong [Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis] Leaf Ethanol Extract and Its Nanoemulsion Preparation in Swiss Webster Mice Maria Immaculata Iwo; Amirah Adlia; Silviyanita Isna Septila; Yennie Agnes Pratama; Dicki Bakhtiar Purkon
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v6i2.516

Abstract

Platelet aggregation has the potential to form thrombi and result in cardiovascular system diseases such as myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke - one of the leading causes of death globally. Traditionally, people use binahong leaves as blood thinners. Therefore, this study aims to obtain scientific data on the efficacy of binahong leaf as antithrombotic. The efficacy test was carried out on male Swiss-Webster mice. The results showed that the ethanol extract of binahong leaves at doses of 50 (BLEE50) and 100 mg/kg bw (BLEE100) could increase bleeding time on H7 (7.61±1.79% and 3.72±1.76% vs 1.08±0.90%) and H14 (13.81±4.42% and 5.06±2.30% vs 1.66±1.09%) and coagulation time at H7 (5.01±1.36% and 4.18±1.67% vs 1.38±1.08%) and at H14 (7.92±1.97% and 7.19±1.96% vs 1.70±1.10%) significantly (p<0.05). The two doses of BLEE were formulated in the form of nanoemulsions with the Self Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (NBLEE50 and NBLEE100) were also able to prolong bleeding time and coagulation time significantly (p<0.01) but only NBLEE50 prolonged bleeding time (p<0.05) significantly against BLEE50. In the test of the anti-platelet aggregation effect with ADP as an inducer, both doses of BLEE and the nanoemulsion preparation (NBLEE) could significantly (p<0.01) inhibit platelet aggregation with a percentage of inhibition >70% which was not different from the standard (acetylsalicylic acid). In the antioxidant effect test using the DPPH method, BLEE has an IC50 = 66.08?g/mL which is classified as a strong antioxidant. Both doses of BLEE and its NBLEE could significantly (p<0.01) inhibit lipid peroxidation in plasma and liver and NO radicals formation. BLEE50 can significantly (p<0.05) reduce mean platelet volume (6.05±0.24fL vs 6.55±0.34fL) and platelet distribution width (8.52±0.36% vs 9.25±0.42%). Based on those results, BLEE has the potential to be used as an antiplatelet aggregation and antioxidant.
Formulation of the Balm Aromatherapy Combination Using the Essential Oils Ocimum basilicum L. and Cymbopogon citratus DC Cahyaningrum, Putu Lakustini; Suta, Ida Bagus Putra; Sudiartawan, I Putu; Saraswati, Ida Ayu Asri Diva; Dirgayasa, Pande Nyoman Selamet
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v8i1.518

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the formulation of an aromatherapy balm composed of the essential oils O. basilicum L. and C. citratus DC. Experimental research design involving the compilation of five balm formulations at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%. For four months, balm formulations were made, and physical, chemical, and microbiological tests were carried out, which were further analyzed descriptively. The findings showed that the yield of essential oils obtained from distillation reached 0.19% w/v (O. basilicum L.) and 0.24% w/v (C. citratus DC). All formulations at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% passed the organoleptic tests for topical dosage balms. This means that they were semisolid, smelled like essential oils, and were yellowish-brown based on the raw materials. The balm is completely homogeneous; there are no granules, and the color is evenly spread throughout the smear. The pH for the topical preparations ranged from 6–7, the dispersion power ranged from 5.02–6.10, and the adhesion ratio ranged from 2–6 depending on the concentration. Microbiological testing revealed that the aromatherapy balm was free of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa bacteria.
In-Silico Screening of Mitragynine Derivates from the Genus Mitragyna Korth Targeting the Main Protease of the SARS-COV-2 Islamudin Ahmad; Nur Masyithah Zamruddin; M. Arifuddin; Yuspian Nur; Firzan Nainu
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v7i2.523

Abstract

Coronavirus Diseases 2019, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has been a significant threat to global public health. Unfortunately, effective COVID-19 vaccines and clinically-proven anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs remain unavailable. This study was carried out aiming to predict the potential effect of mitragynine derivates from the Genus Mitragyna Korth as an inhibitor of Mpro, the main protease of the SARS-CoV-2, by in silico molecular docking study. The crystal structure of the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 as an active site target was obtained from the PDB database (rcsb.org) with PDB ID: 5R84 and 6LU7 with the native ligand of Z31792168 and N3, respectively. The analysis of in silico molecular docking was conducted using Autodock 4.2.6 (100 docking runs). The central grid was placed on HIS41 and CYS145 with a grid box comprised of 40x30x34 (for protein 5R84) and 36x62x40 (for protein 6LU7) points spaced by 0.375 Å was centered on the active site of X=9,812; Y=-0,257; Z=20,849 and X=-9.732; Y=11.403; X=68,483 (XYZ-coordinates), respectively. Our research indicated that mitrjavine and ajmalicine exhibit greater potential inhibition of the active site on the Mpro of SARS-CoV-2, even stronger than native ligands. We believed that these compounds are promising candidates to be examined in further COVID-19 drug discovery studies.
Formulation and Stability Tests of Hair Tonic from Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Leaves Extract and Effectiveness in Protecting Hair Angga Cipta Narsa
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v6i2.524

Abstract

Hair loss is a condition that unavoidable process, where the hair is detached more than 100 strands per day that occurs continuously. Oil palm leaf with their compounds can be used to treat hair loss and damage. The purpose of this study was to formulate oil palm leaf extract into hair tonic preparations and evaluate the effectiveness in preventing hair damage. Hair tonic formula from oil palm leaf extract contains 96% ethanol, menthol, propylene glycol, phenoxyethanol, and aquades. The evaluation of hair tonic preparations included organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, and viscosity tests, as well as tests of antioxidant activity and effectiveness of hair tonic preparations. The results of the antioxidant activity test of oil palm leaf extract hair tonic showed the IC50 value at room temperature (25°C) indicating an average value of 37.2519±8.535 ppm, warm temperature (50°C) 40.5459±9.086 ppm, and cold temperature (4°C) 36.8257±6.928 ppm, which belongs to the category of very strong antioxidant activity, with the results of the evaluation of the oil palm leaf hair tonic slightly colored. greenish to dark green, has a distinctive menthol aroma, has a pH and viscosity that meets the requirements of a good hair tonic preparation, with pH between 3-7 and viscosity less than 5 cPs. Hair tonic preparations of oil palm leaf extract can prevent hair decolorization due to sun exposure at concentrations of 25 ppm to 200 ppm.
Formulation and Evaluation of N-Hexane Fraction of Libo Fruit based Emulgel for Sunscreen Yuni Dwi Anjarwati; Lisna Meylina; Rolan Rusli
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v7i2.527

Abstract

Libo fruit (Ficus variegata Blume) has activity as a sunscreen. Topical form of certain pharmaceuticals can be used to protect the skin from sun exposure. This study aims to determine the best gel-emulsion formula from the libo’s N-Hexane fraction, its stability, and its sunscreen activity. The formula was consist gelling agents variations type and concentration, i.e.  carbopol 940 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). The best formula were chosen based on physicochemical characteristics. the freeze-thaw test deployed to check the stability, and the sunscreen activity was tested using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results showed that the best formula was formula 1 with carbopol 940 (1%), there were no changes in physicochemical characteristics during the stability test, and experienced a decrease in sunscreen activity after the stability test.
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and Quantitative Analysis of Methanol Leaf Extract of Erlangea tomentosa (Oliv. & Hiern) S.Moore (Asteraceae) Anselme Mboneye; Albert Nyanchoka Onchweri; Timothy Neeza; Saidi Odoma
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v7i1.528

Abstract

Various medications are being developed using natural products, particularly those resulting from medicinal plants. So, the screening and quantity analysis of phytochemicals in the methanol leaf extract of Erlangea tomentosa was looked at to find out what chemicals in the plant were responsible for its biological activity. Ten different phytochemicals, such as alkaloids, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, steroids, terpenoids, phenols, and tannins, were found by the analysis. Glycosides and cardiac glycosides were below the limits, and neither phlobatannins nor anthraquinones were found. Quantitative phytochemical analysis showed that there were 3.38g of alkaloids, 2.19g of tannins, 1.81g of flavonoids, and 0.31g of saponins. The concentrations of standard solutions per 100g of crude sample were used to estimate all the results of the tests.

Page 26 of 30 | Total Record : 298

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