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Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : 20877099     EISSN : 24076090     DOI : 10.25026/jtpc
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry is a Six monthly (June and December), international, open access, journal dedicated to various disciplines of pharmaceutical and allied sciences. Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry publishes manuscripts (Original research Article, review articles, Mini-reviews, and Short communication) on original work, either experimental or theoretical in the following areas: Pharmaceutics & Biopharmaceutics, Novel &Targeted Drug Delivery, Nanotechnology & Nanomedicine, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacognosy & Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Microbiology, Pharmacy practice & Hospital Pharmacy, Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacovigilance, Natural Product Research, Drug Regulatory Affairs, Case Study & Full clinical trials, Biomaterials & Bioactive polymers, Analytical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Physical Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 298 Documents
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Separation of Gadolinium(III) from Terbium(III) by the Liquid-Liquid Extraction Method with Dibutyldithiophosphate as the Extractant Senadi Budiman; Arie Hardian; Lisda Virdasari; Nurdeni Nurdeni; Herman Herman; Abdul Mutalib; Anni Anggraeni; Husein H. Bahti
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v6i1.430

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to separate gadolinium(III) from terbium(III), by the liquid-liquid extraction method, with the extractant dibutyl dithiophosphate. Gadolinium(III) and terbium(III) have been selected in this study to see if the two metallic ions still could be separated although they have only one difference in atomic number, and in fact, terbium (65Tb) is the next to gadolinium(64Gd), in the lanthanide series. Also besides, the two metals have been found together in the same mineral such as gadolinite, and in some other minerals in Indonesia. Extraction parameters have been firstly selected and extraction conditions have been optimized as well, using the experimental design of Plackett Burman. Thus, experiments have been done to select which of the nine parameters (i.e. Gd(III) and Tb(III) concentrations, the concentration of the extractant (dibutyl dithiophosphate), pH, volume ratio of aqueous phase to the organic phase, extraction temperature, shaking rate, shaking time, resting time (after shaking), have their significant effect on the extraction efficiency and separation. The data resulted from this study show that there were five of the nine factors studied that determine the extraction efficiency and separation. They were (with its respective optimum value in the bracket): Gadolinium concentration [Gd(III)](5 ppm), terbium concentration [Tb(III)](5 ppm), pH(3.0), shaking time (10 minutes), and rest time after shaking (10 minutes).
Pharmacologically Active Secondary Metabolites from Psoralea corylifolia Ni Putu Ariantari; Elizabeth S. P. Ratnasantasyacitta
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v6i2.431

Abstract

Psoralea corylifolia has gained much attention, particularly in the cosmetic industry for the past few years owing to promising pharmacological activities of its metabolites. Seeds of P. corylifolia are the main source of bakuchiol, a meroterpene compound that is extensively harnessed in numerous skincare products. Furanocoumarins, psoralen and isopsoralen are other metabolites mainly from P. corylifolia seeds and known for their antipsoriatic activity. Moreover, various studies have reported several classes of secondary metabolites from this plant possessing diverse biological activities. This article highlights recent updates on P. corylifolia phytoconstituents and their promising pharmacological activities based on scientific publications during the last 10 years (2011-2021). The literature search was carried out through scientific-based websites and databases such as Google Scholar, NCBI, and PubMed. This paper included sixty-three bioactive metabolites reported in the last 10 years, belonging to the group of flavonoids, meroterpenes, furanocoumarins, coumestans, steroid and phenolic compounds. These phytoconstituents displayed a broad range of bioactivities including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antidiabetic, controlling obesity, hepatoprotective and cytotoxicity. Keywords: Bakuchiol, pharmacological activities, Psoralea corylifolia, bioactive metabolites.
Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation using Monascus sp. as a Candidate Cervical Cancer Drug Anna Yuliana; Ira Rahmiyani; Cindi Kartika
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v7i1.432

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common female cancer worldwide and results in over 300000 deaths globally. Given that HPV prophylactic vaccines do not exert a therapeutic effect in individuals previously infected, it is unlikely that HPV-associated cancers will be eradicated in the coming years. Therefore, there is an emerging need for the development of anti-HPV drugs. The purpose of this study is to find out Monascus sp. as cervical anticancer using molecular docking and dynamics methods. The results of docked with AutodockTools were visualized with Pymol, analyzed the effectiveness using the Ramachandran plot. The docking results show that there are 2 pigments that have lower G than raloxifen in estrogen receptor beta with the lowest G indicated by the pigment Monascin and Ankaflavin, which is -6.94 kcal/mol with Ki value of 39.49 nM and -6.22 kcal/mol with Ki value of 27.78 nM. The results of molecular dynamics, Ankaflavin and Monascin have good stability at estrogen receptor beta because the outlier area has a value 11.722% and 10.256%. And the amino acid residues in the most preferred area were 68.864% and 70.330%. In addition, Monascopyridine B and Monascuspiloin pigments showed good and stable results at the EGFR receptor because the outlier areas were 14.692% and 10.623%. And the amino acid residues in the most-favored region were 65.403% and 73.260%. Based on the results of this study, we predict that Ankaflavin, Monascin, Monascopyridine B and Monascuspiloin can be used as new cervical anticancer candidates after validated with in vitro and in vivo tests.
Cost-Effectiveness of Length of Stay of Intravenous Aminophylline and Nebulized Salbutamol in Asthma Exacerbations Lorensia, Amelia; Ikawati, Zullies; Andayani, Tri Murti; Maranatha, Daniel
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v8i1.435

Abstract

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease which is also one of the major health problems in the world. Uncontrolled asthma symptoms will exacerbate asthma, which is the biggest cause of the patient into the ER. Salbutamol is a bronchodilator that belonged to the short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA), which is an obligatory choice in the management of asthma exacerbations. Unlike the aminophylline group in Indonesia which is still often used widely and rarely appear in the side effects of its use. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of nebulized salbutamol versus intravenous aminophylline for reduction in asthma symptoms, improvement in lung function, and a long hospital stay. The study involved 57 adults asthma exacerbation patients without complication who received treatment in the ER, were studied by using quasi-experimental methods in this study cost-effectiveness analysis to compare intravenous aminophylline (n:27) versus nebulized salbutamol (n:30) therapy to determine the most cost-effective. Intravenous aminophylline therapy was more cost-effective than nebulized salbutamol in reducing the symptoms of asthma and PEF value improvement. Clinical outcome of the length of hospital stay outcome both had the same effective, and cost analysis results showed intravenous aminophylline (US$5.38) cheaper than nebulized salbutamol (US$5.71). intravenous aminophylline was more effective in reducing asthma symptoms than nebulized salbutamol (Pvalue=0.001). Meanwhile, the average decrease in lung function intravenous aminophylline than nebulized salbutamol, although not significantly different (Pvalue=0.507). Aminophylline therapy was more cost-effective in reducing asthma symptoms and improvement in lung function compared nebulized salbutamol in exacerbations asthma patients. But cost-effectiveness researchers need to measure substance abuse outcomes in terms of Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALY), as this will make their findings more relevant to the development of treatment policy.
Assessment of Physico-Chemical Properties of Drinking Water in District Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Sayed Suliman Shah; Dawood Shah; Mujahid Islam; Wajahat Ali
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v6i2.436

Abstract

The issue of water quality is becoming ever more serious as freshwater resources are severely degraded across the world. Water quality in rivers, streams, lakes, and subterranean aquifers is deteriorating, posing a threat to human life and ecological sustainability. A proper study of the physico-chemical properties of the water samples give us insight into the quality of life in a specific region, as poor water quality not only affects the aquatic life but the surrounding ecosystem as well. In the present study, 30 different water samples were collected from different regions of district Mardan and they were analyzed for their physico-chemical properties such as pH, total suspended solids, conductivity, total dissolved solids, nitrates concentration, sulphates concentration, chlorides concentration, dissolved oxygen, and biochemical oxygen demand. The results of the analysis show that most of the parameters have significantly higher values than the WHO permissible limits. From the analysis of water samples, the researchers have been able to designate the study area with poor water quality and to propose future advice for sustaining the water quality in the region.
The Potency of the Genus Uncaria from East Borneo for Herbal Medicine Purposes: A Mini-review Maria Almeida; Supriatno Salam; Agung Rahmadani; Helmi Helmi; Angga Cipta Narsa; Sri Agung Fitri Kusuma; Sriwidodo Sriwidodo
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v6i2.457

Abstract

Uncaria is a genus of plants that are widely distributed in the tropics. There are about 5 of the 38 species of this genus growing in the tropical rain forests of East Borneo, Indonesia. For a long time, Uncaria is commonly used as a traditional medicine to treat various diseases by the Dayak tribe in Kalimantan, traditional people believe that Uncaria may be cured cancer, tumors, mioms, and cycts. Based on previous studies, the activity of the genus Uncaria has been widely reported such as cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and thrombolytic activities. This article aims to summarize the potential of the Uncaria genus, focusing on 5 species from East Borneo, namely Uncaria nervosa, Uncaria longiflora, Uncaria gambir, Uncaria tomentosa and Uncaria cordata. The method used in this article is a literature study by collecting previous research articles related to the Uncaria genus. The results of the literature study show that the Uncaria genus in East Borneo has many secondary metabolites with diverse chemical structures that show good biological potential so that they can be used as broad and promising insights for drug discovery and development. This paper is also expected to provide input for the policy of conservation of medicinal plants in the forests of East Borneo.
Synergistic Effect of Pericarp of Mangosteen and Propolis from Stingless Bee Extracts on Nitric Oxide Scavenging Activity Imron Meechai; Rokeeyah Suha; Nurihan Daleng; Isma-ae Chelong; Acharee Suksuwan
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v7i1.458

Abstract

The aim of this research is to study the synergistic effect on the nitric oxide scavenging activity of mangosteen pericarp and the stingless bee (Tetragonula laviceps) propolis extracts and their phytochemical constituents. The propolis and mangosteen pericarp were extracted by reflux method with ethanol. TPC and TFC of propolis extract were 123.73±2.80 mg GAE/g extract and 70.65±11.21 mg QE/g extract, respectively, and mangosteen pericarp extract was 387.93±15.10 mg GAE/g extract and 87.00±5.06 mg QE/g extract, respectively. The ESI-LC-MS data displayed that both extracts have a variety of phytochemical constituents, such as xanthones, flavonoids, and miscellaneous. The synergistic effect of Nitric oxide scavenging activities of propolis and mangosteen pericarp extracts showed higher activity than individual extracts with various concentrations. Thus, the synergistic effect of propolis and mangosteen pericarp extracts may be an alternative source of inflammatory drug development in the future.
Genistein Content and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity of Edamame (Glycine max) Extracts Indah Yulia Ningsih; Lisa Kusuma Wardhani; Annisa Ragdha Eka Nuryuanda; Endah Puspitasari; Mochammad Amrun Hidayat
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v6i2.461

Abstract

The study aimed to determine genistein content and tyrosinase inhibition activity of 70% ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of edamame (Glycine max) with an extraction time of 15, 30, and 60 minutes. Extraction was performed using the ultrasonication method. Determination of genistein content was carried out using TLC-densitometry. Furthermore, all samples were tested for their tyrosinase inhibition activity using the spectrophotometric assay. Ethyl acetate extract with 60 min of extraction time exhibited the highest extraction yield (6.414% w/w), the highest genistein content (0.169 ± 0.007% w/w), and the highest tyrosinase inhibition activity (IC50 = 72.420 ± 0.550 µg/mL). It was known that the genistein content of 70% ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts affected tyrosinase inhibition activity with correlation coefficient (r) values of 0.9973 and 0.9826, respectively. G. max was suggested as a tyrosinase inhibitor agent from natural sources for skin whitening product development due to its isoflavones content, mainly genistein.
Genipin as a Cross-linker in a Ciprofloxacin Delivery System Containing a Bovine Hydroxyapatite-Collagen Composite for Bone Infections Nurul Fitriani; Aniek Setiya Budiatin; Esti Hendradi
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v7i1.465

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to design an implant for a ciprofloxacin-based drug delivery system by combining bovine hydroxyapatite and collagen with genipin as the crosslinking agent. The production of ciprofloxacin implants using bovine hydroxyapatite:collagen blend (70:30). In addition, this synthetic preparation was made using three various concentrations of genipin (0.6, 0.8, and 1.0%). The pellets were created by compressing the implants. The tablets are cylindrical with a diameter of 4.0 mm and a weight of 100.0 mg. Ciprofloxacin cultures were characterized for swelling rate, porosity, density, compressive strength, morphology (SEM), dose, and drug release in vitro. The addition of genipin as a crosslinking agent may maintain ciprofloxacin release consistent with in vitro therapeutic levels of ciprofloxacin. These results are supported by compressive strength data, where the addition of genipin concentrations induces higher implant stiffness and scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs reveal small pore sizes and BHA adhere to collagen fibers so that ciprofloxacin is completely dispersed in the implant after cross-linking with genipin. As a drug delivery system for osteomyelitis, it can be concluded that the use of genipin as a cross-linking agent can sustain ciprofloxacin release commensurate with in vitro therapeutic levels of ciprofloxacin for 30 days.
A Detail Review on Heart-Leaved Moonseed (Tinospora cordifolia) Medicinal Plant Vinotha Sanmugarajah; Gowri Rajkumar; P.A.H.R. Panambara
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v6i2.466

Abstract

Worldwide, a usage of herbal medicine is gradually increasing for the safety and maintains the health due to its lower side effects. Numerous medicinal plants are using by the healers and traditional physicians to control the disease conditions. Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers (Menispermaceae Family) is distinguished as Heart-Leaved Moonseed herb of the Siddha Medicine which is practicing by Tamil speaking people in Sri Lanka. This present study emphases the detailed review of the pharmacological activities of the Tinospora cordifolia (T. cordifolia) based on the previous scientific studies and textbooks. Data were collected from all existing sources such as ancient and current indigenous text books, websites, proceedings, research and review articles and other related documents based on prepared data entry form. According to this study, T. cordifolia is an important traditional plant which has a variety of pharmacological activities and medicinal usage due to the numerous chemical constituents are present in the various part of this plant. As such, this review paper can serve as evidence for researchers to conduct future scientific research as well as clinical studies in Siddha Medicine.

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