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Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : 20877099     EISSN : 24076090     DOI : 10.25026/jtpc
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry is a Six monthly (June and December), international, open access, journal dedicated to various disciplines of pharmaceutical and allied sciences. Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry publishes manuscripts (Original research Article, review articles, Mini-reviews, and Short communication) on original work, either experimental or theoretical in the following areas: Pharmaceutics & Biopharmaceutics, Novel &Targeted Drug Delivery, Nanotechnology & Nanomedicine, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacognosy & Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Microbiology, Pharmacy practice & Hospital Pharmacy, Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacovigilance, Natural Product Research, Drug Regulatory Affairs, Case Study & Full clinical trials, Biomaterials & Bioactive polymers, Analytical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Physical Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 298 Documents
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Synthesis and Toxicity Tests of N-Carbothioamide-3-(2,4- Dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-Hydroxy-3-Methoxyphenyl)Pyrazoline Irfan, Muhammad; Meylina, Lisna; Ramadhani, Agung; Rusli, Rolan
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v8i1.612

Abstract

Pyrazoline is an alkaloid compound which has various biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antitumor and anticancer. The compound N-carbotioamide-3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)pyrazoline was successfully synthesized from the basic ingredients 2',4'-dichloro-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychalcone and thiosemicarbazide with sodium hydroxide catalyst at 80°C for 7 hours. The synthesized compound was characterized using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectroscopy and had a yield of 28.03%. Based on the results of toxicity tests using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method, this compound has an LC50 value of 44.6 ppm and has the potential to be an antimicrobial compound.
Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extracts of Sempur Air (Dillenia suffruticosa) and Akar Kaik-kaik (Uncaria cordata) Leaves Against Shigella dysentriae and Salmonella typhimurium Syafriana, Vilya; Ramadhani, Lidia Anggita; Helma, Fitria; Ningsih, Wirna; Suyatno, Suyatno
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v8i1.616

Abstract

Sempur air (Dillenia suffruticosa) and akar kaik-kaik (Uncaria cordata) are two plants that can be found on Sumatra, Indonesia. The locals employ those herbs as traditional medicine in variety of ways, including treating diarrhea. This study sought to confirm the efficacy of sempur air and akar kaik-kaik leaf extracts as traditional diarrhea remedies. Leaves were obtained in Bangka-Belitung and Riau, Sumatra. They were extracted with 70% ethanol as a solvent and then evaluated for the phytochemical constituents and antibacterial properties. The phytochemical screening found that the ethanol extract of akar kaik-kaik leaf contains alkaloids, tannins, and saponins, but no flavonoids or steroids/triterpenoids. The ethanol extract of sempur air leaf included alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins; but neither steroids or triterpenoids. The ethanol extract of akar kaik-kaik leaf showed no impact on Shigella dysentriae and Salmonella typhimurium, whereas the ethanol extract of sempur air leaf could inhibit S. dysentriae but not S. typhimurium.
Synthesis, Chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Some Novel Triazole Substituted 5-Oxo-Imidazoline Derivatives Yerra, Rajeshwar
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v8i1.617

Abstract

5-oxo-imidazoline rings have been reported to possess various biological activities such as antibacterial, anticancer, antifungal, and anthelmintic activities. These activities also include anticonvulsant, and anthelmintic.   These observations and findings prompted to synthesize the novel triazolo substituted 5-oxo-imidazoline derivatives.  In the present investigation, a series of 10 new 1-trazolyl-5-oxo-imidazolinones were synthesized in good yield by using appropriate synthetic methods and have been established on the basis of their M.P., TLC, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR data.  Also, all the compounds were evaluated for the possible antibacterial activity by cup-plate agar diffusion method by measuring % zone of inhibition.  Streptomycin at the concentration of 50?g/ml was used as standard drug.  Of all the tested compounds, A6 exhibited significantly high potency against the various gram positive and gram negative organisms used in the investigation.
Phytochemicals Screening, Proximate composition and Antioxidants Analysis of Italian Citrus paradisi Fruits Bandi, Ibrahim Iklimah; Ibrahim, Abubakar; Shehu, Ibrahim; Gobir, Adiya Zainab Sarkin; Bature, Buhari Hafsat; Rara, Shehu Samira
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v8i1.629

Abstract

Citrus paradise is a largely consumed fruit for nutrition and medicinal importance. This study was conducted to evaluate the phytochemicals, proximate, and antioxidants contents of Italian Citrus paradisi fruits. The phytochemicals screening and proximate analysis were performed using the methods of AOAC. Antioxidants contents and capacities of the extract were determined by DPPH and FRAP Assay. The grapefruits aqueous extract revealed the presence of various phytochemicals and contains significant (p < 0.05) amount of carbohydrates (89.36 %), moisture (74.80 %), lipids (4.56 %), protein (3.36 %), crude fiber (2.36 %), and ash content (0.83 %). The extract exhibited significant (p < 0.05) increase in DPPH percentage inhibition of free radical scavenging activity and FRAP properties comparable to that of the standard, ascorbic acid. The grapefruits extract contains various phytochemicals, proximate nutrients, and exhibited free radical scavenging activity. The grapefruits have nutritional status, antioxidant properties, and medicinal importance.
Evaluation of Acute and Repeated Dose Oral Toxicity of Phoenix dactylifera L. Pollen Methanolic Extract in Rats Abdelrahim, Musab A. M.; Ahmed, Elhadi M. M.
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v8i1.631

Abstract

Pollen of the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) has been used for thousands of years as a traditional herbal medicine for improving fertility. However, safety of plant-derived materials is an important concern to human health, and herbal remedies should be taken with adequate knowledge about their toxicity, adverse effects, purity, appropriate dosage and dose limits. The current work was undertaken to evaluate the safety of date palm pollen (DPP) and to classify it according to its oral toxicity in rats. The experiments were done according to the reported guidelines of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to assess the acute and repeated dose oral toxicity in rats. The obtained results showed neither death nor sign of toxicity or abnormality in any of the animals throughout the experimental period regarding acute and repeated dose oral toxicity. Also the results of the hematological and clinical biochemistry determinations showed no significant differences between the control and DPP-treated rat groups. It could be concluded that, the tested plant material is a relatively safe substance and its approximate LD50 defined by 2000mg/kg < LD50 < 5000mg/kg according to the OECD tests guidelines.
Green Preparation of Cu Nanoparticles with Bioreductor of Red Dragon Fruit Peel Extract: Visible Spectroscopy Properties Ramadhan, La Ode Ahmad Nur; Fanihu, Siti Linda Cahayani; Watoni, Abdul Haris; Rijal, Rijal; Santoso, Nur Sofa Camelia; Rafiqa, Wa Ode Nasyarah; Haruna, Cindy Agriningsih; Arifin, Zainal Syam
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v8i1.633

Abstract

Copper nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using the green synthesis method by utilizing red dragon fruit peel extract as a bioreductor. Red dragon fruit peel contains secondary metabolites that can reduce Cu2+ ions to Cu0. Physically, the formation of copper nanoparticles is indicated by a color change from light blue to green. In addition, the success of copper nanoparticles of red dragon fruit peel extract can be analyzed using a Visible and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer. The measurements using a Visible spectrophotometer showed the formation of copper nanoparticles at absorption peaks in the wavelength range of 400-450 nm. The stability of copper nanoparticles can be determined through the SPR peak absorption for 30 minutes, which shows that copper nanoparticles have good stability and have an estimated particle range of 46.43-92.93 nm, with a band gap value of 2.45 eV. The results of the FTIR spectrum on copper nanoparticles-red dragon fruit peel extract show a shift in the absorption peak of the wave number 3412.07 cm-1 to a wave number of 3439.07 cm-1 indicating a reduction of Cu2+to Cu0.
Antioxidant Activity of Combination Simplicia and Extract of Avocado Peel (Persea americana Mill.) and Lime Peel (Citrus aurantifolia) Rahayuningrum, Elsa Dwi; Zamruddin, Nur Masyithah; Prasetya, Fajar
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v8i2.440

Abstract

The avocado peel (Persea americana Mill.) and lime peel (Citrus aurantifolia) are biodegradable waste materials that contain antioxidant activities. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activities of avocado peel and lime peel extracts on their single and combined form. Samples were extracted with the maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent, then an antioxidant activity test towards DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical inhibition measured using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer. This research showed that the antioxidant activities obtained with the value of IC50 (inhibition concentration) are at 24.82 ppm from the avocado peel extract, 131.12 ppm from lime peel extract, and also from the simplicia combination with the ratio of 1:1; 1:2; and 2:1 are respectively at 45.01 ppm, 87.41 ppm; and 38.49 ppm, meanwhile on the combined extracts with the ratio of 1:1; 1:2; and 2:1 are respectively at 31.16 ppm; 39.28 ppm; and 11.69 ppm and followed by ascorbic acid at 4.35 ppm.
Screening of Aroma Compounds in Commercial Tea (Camellia sinensis) from Indonesia and Testing Their Activity as Antioxidants Warsito, Warsito; Alief, M. Fadel; Azzahra, Vina Octavia; Rahman, M. Farid; Retnowati, Rurini
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Tea from tea leaves of the Camellia sinensis species is a superior industrial plant that promises superior bioactivity. For a more in-depth study of the essential oils contained in commercial teas on the market, their significant characteristic from their constituent compounds were determined. The essential oil yields of the three commercial samples were obtained by distillation using a Liken-Nickerson vessel and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), then tested for antioxidant properties by the DPPH method. The yield obtained ranged from 0.08-0.13%. The main major components (more than 0.5% identified) contained in the three samples identified were benzyl acetate, between 4,56-26.27%, and linalool compounds from tea leaves, as much as 20.59%, and 3.42% in samples C and B which were not found in sample A. As shown by our results, antioxidant activity significantly correlated with benzyl acetate and linalool composition. Sample A showed the best antioxidant profile, with highest inhibition (IC50 20.19 mg/mL).
Difference in Rill Costs With INA-CBGs Rates and Treatment Rationality of Inpatient Asthma Children Lorensia, Amelia; Jalmav, Marthy Meliana Ariyanti; Amir, Adilah Fatin; Anizzalati, Fida Shafi
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v8i2.619

Abstract

Asthma in children may affect children's efficiency at school because frequent attacks occur which disrupt children's activities, so that asthma in children is a serious problem that requires appropriate treatment. The aim was to know the difference in real costs and INA-CBGs rates and to analyze Drug-Related Problems (DRP) based on the severity of asthma and the real costs for childhood asthma at Anwar Medika Sidoarjo Hospital. The design of this study was retrospective using patient medical record data collection, for January 2020-December 2022. Data collection containing real cost data and BPJS claim cost data. Analysis of DRP based on PCNE (Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe) includes problems and causes. There were 77 subjects. the real costs for the severity of mild asthma class I, class III, and moderate asthma class II were high when compared with the INA-CBGS rates, while the severity level of severe asthma class III it was found that the real costs were lower than the INA-CBGS rates. There is no difference between total real costs and INA-CBGS rates for asthma cases in BPJS participating children. The average real cost is Rp. 2,557,453 and the average INA-CBGs tariff is Rp. 2,792,873. There was no significant difference between real costs and INA-CBGS rates (P=0.162). All respondents experienced DRP (100%) and the highest incidence of DRP was M3.1 and P1.2 in 44 people (57.14%) with 180 cases (60.82%). In 77 patients with a total number of cases of 296, the real costs were mostly incurred in class III mild asthma patients (58 people), namely DRP type M3.1 with P1.2 with an average cost of Rp. 2,640,221.
Chemical, Spectral, Biological, and Toxicological Studies of Some Benzene Derivatives Used in Pharmaceuticals: In Silico Approach Kabir, Emranul; Noyon, M R O Khan; Alam, Md Rabiul; Nasiruddin, Mr.; Islam, Sajia; Akter, Mahima; Uzzaman, Monir
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v8i2.621

Abstract

The immune system of humans is impacted by many drugs. Chemicals that have a gender-bending impact on boys, were synthesized, their use spread, and as a consequence, they entered the ecology, the food chain, and eventually ended up in blood or human breast milk. Due to the use of benzene in both industry and medicine, chemicals with benzene rings are among the most problematic. The generation of benzene metabolites that produce superoxide, the phenoxy radical, and benzene-drug binding are only a few of the processes by which benzene and its derivatives cause harm. Benzene metabolites are distinct from chemical metabolites apart from benzene, which is lipophilic in nature and binds to cellular membranes, in that they bind to the intracellular plasma membrane where they produce degenerative alterations. Many diseases are associated with degenerative alterations in the mitochondria that culminate in mitochondrial dysfunction. Herein, twenty benzene derivatives (BDs) have been studied in terms of their biological and physiochemical properties, and the compounds have also been investigated using quantum mechanical computations. Binding affinities and behaviors of all BDs have been investigated using molecular docking and nonbonding interactions on 3D crystal structures of human receptor proteins serum albumin (1AO6), free native cellulase CEL48F (1G9G), and human D-amino acid oxidase mutant (P219L) complexed with benzoate (6KBP). Geometry as well as thermochemical data support the stability of all structures. All derivatives were predicted by ADMET to have improved pharmacokinetic properties and less acute oral toxicity.

Page 28 of 30 | Total Record : 298

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