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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 18581196     EISSN : 23553596     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/kemas
Core Subject : Health, Education,
Education Public Health
KEMAS publishes the article based on research or equivalent to research results in public health or other disciplines related to public health that has not been loaded/published by other media. The journal contains articles about epidemiology and biostatistics, health policy and administration, public health nutrition, environmental health, occupational health and safety, health promotion, reproductive health, maternal and child health, and other related articles in public health. The journal can be used by health practitioners, health caregivers, teachers, medical students, and people who are interested in public health issues
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 100 Documents
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Walking Towards Wellness: Exploring Community Views on Urban Walkability for a Healthier Lifestyle in Semarang Azizah, Kirana Prasetya; Setiadji, Bagus H.; Huboyo, Haryono S.
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i1.26750

Abstract

Promoting active mobility, such as walking, is a key measure in creating a healthier urban environment. In support of Semarang City’s Urban Mobility Plan, which prioritises low-carbon strategies, the local government has undertaken extensive development of pedestrian infrastructure since 2017. This study investigates public willingness to utilise pedestrian pathways, a critical component in ensuring the effectiveness of such interventions. Data were collected through a survey involving 254 respondents across 24 major roads in Semarang. Findings indicate that walking is predominantly undertaken for shopping and health-related activities, typically covering distances between 200 and 800 metres on weekends. Destinations most frequented include shops, markets, stalls, and shopping centres. The results highlight the importance of integrating user-centred design into pedestrian infrastructure and emphasize the function of pedestrian paths as a social interaction space for both physical exercise and building community cohesion, thereby maintaining the mental health of residents.
Preoperative Anxiety Levels and the Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia Rekso Negoro, Widigdo; Sintara, Sindu; Rindy Permana, Annes; Rodli, Muhammad; Priyonggo, Reko; Suryanto
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i2.27115

Abstract

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common complications after general anesthesia, negatively impacting patient comfort, recovery, and hospital stay. While many factors contribute to PONV, psychological aspects such as preoperative anxiety are often underestimated despite their influence on postoperative outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between preoperative anxiety levels and the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia. Using a cross-sectional design, 45 elective surgical patients were assessed for anxiety using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), and PONV incidence was recorded within 24 hours post-surgery. Chi-square analysis revealed a significant association between anxiety levels and PONV occurrence (p = 0.002). Among patients with moderate to severe anxiety, 73.3% experienced PONV, compared to only 26.7% among those with mild anxiety. These findings indicate that higher preoperative anxiety increases the risk of PONV. Therefore, integrating psychological assessment and anxiety management into perioperative care is crucial to reducing postoperative complications and improving anesthetic outcomes through a more holistic patient care approach.
Hypertension in Pregnancy: A Nested Case-Control Study Hidayah, Noor; Handayani, Oktia Woro Kasmini; Yuniastuti, Ari; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i1.27483

Abstract

Hypertension during pregnancy is the leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. In Indonesia, 30 % of deaths are caused by hypertension. This study was conducted to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in pregnancy in mothers with high pregnancy risk. A nested case-control study design was employed, with data sourced from secondary records of obstetric medical documents from Gondosari Health Centre, Kudus Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia, for the years 2021, 2022, and 2023. The number of hypertension cases was 46, and the number of controls was 92. The technique for collecting case data was based on reviewing the medical records of mothers with hypertension. In contrast, control data was taken by random sampling from mothers with high risk but who did not have hypertension. Statistical analysis used the chi-square (bivariate) and logistic regression (multivariate) tests. The study’s results stated that significant factors for hypertension in pregnancy were gestational age of 20 weeks, obesity, and primigravida with p 0.037, p 0.044, and p 0.010. Pregnant women > 20 weeks have a risk of 2.267 times to experience pregnancy hypertension, obesity has a risk of 4.288 times to experience hypertension in pregnancy, and non-primigravida status is at a higher risk of hypertension in pregnancy than primigravida mothers by 0.252 times. Mothers who have these three factors together have a probability of 80.79% of experiencing hypertension during pregnancy. This study concluded that gestational age > 20 weeks, obesity, and non-primigravida were related to the risk of hypertension in pregnancy at the study site; mothers who had gestational conditions > 20 weeks, obesity, and non-primigravida had the highest likelihood of developing hypertension in pregnancy.
Maternal Characteristics, Malnutrition, and Pregnancy Complications with the Incidence of Low Birth Weight in an Industrial Environment Khayati, Yulia Nur; Rahayu, Tandiyo; Handayani, Oktia Woro Kasmini; Widowati, Evi; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i1.27768

Abstract

Low Birth Weight is one of the leading causes of under-five deaths during the neonatal period. In Indonesia, the infant mortality rate is in the top 7 in the world. The industrial environment, where air pollution is high, is one of the factors causing LBW. The study aimed to identify the factors that influence the incidence of LBW in an industrial environment. Using data from a cohort of pregnant women in 2023, the study used a nested case-control design at Bergas Community Health Centre. The study population included all mothers who delivered live infants in 2023, totalling 832 respondents. Data from the study were analysed using Chi-Square for bivariate analysis and logistic regression for multivariate analysis. The results showed a relationship between maternal age, parity, maternal nutritional status, hypertension, preeclampsia, and anaemia with the occurrence of LBW with p < 0.0001. The multivariate analysis indicated a significant relationship between maternal age (OR 3.233, 95% CI 1.557 – 6.714), parity (OR 2.567, 95% CI 1.382 – 4.767), maternal nutritional status (OR 7.905, 95% CI 3.472 – 17.998), preeclampsia (OR 28.090, 95% CI 9.894 – 84.468), and maternal hemoglobin levels (OR 10.883, 95% CI 5.736 – 20.649) with the incidence of LBW. The most influential factor in LBW is the occurrence of preeclampsia in mothers.
Giving Moringa Soy Milk on Weight Gain and Upper Arm Circumference of Pregnant Women Nahdyah, Syafaatun; Ahmad, Mardiana; Hadju, Veni; As'ad, Suryani; Jumrah
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i2.29036

Abstract

Moringa oleifera leaves are a potential source of micronutrients and bioactive compounds in functional foods and nutraceuticals. This study aims to determine the effect of moringa soy milk on pregnant women’s weight gain and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) as indicators of energy and protein nutritional status. This quasi-experimental study was conducted from February to April 2025 in the working area of the Jatibaru Community Health Center, Bima City. It was conducted on 30 pregnant women in their second to third trimesters with a MUAC <23.5 cm. Respondents were divided into two groups: the intervention group accepting 250 ml/day of moringa soy milk for 28 days, and the control group accepting local supplementary food. Data were analyzed using a paired t-test and chi-square tests. The results showed an increase in body weight of 2.00 kg and MUAC of 0.35 cm in the intervention group (p<0.05), higher than in the control group. The content of vegetable protein, iron, calcium, and vitamins in moringa soy milk plays a role in improving the nutritional status of pregnant women. These findings suggest that moringa soy milk may be an effective and affordable dietary intervention to prevent Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women.
The Role of Decentralized Health Systems in Shaping Service Quality: A Systematic Review in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Witcahyo, Eri Witcahyo; Gani, Asobat; Suwandi, I Made
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i2.29250

Abstract

Decentralization has emerged as a prominent strategy for health sector reform in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), aiming to enhance service quality, efficiency, equity, and responsiveness. This study systematically reviews literature published between 2021 and 2025 to explore the role of decentralized health systems in shaping healthcare service quality across LMICs. Using PRISMA 2020 guidelines, 20 eligible studies were identified and analyzed from databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Thematic synthesis of findings reveals mixed outcomes: while decentralization improves local responsiveness, enhances community engagement, and strengthens health system performance in some settings, it also exacerbates disparities in others due to uneven institutional capacity, limited fiscal resources, and fragmented coordination. Key performance areas identified include human resource deployment, financing, access to services, and equity in service delivery. The study emphasizes the significance of local capacity-building, efficient resource allocation, and integrated planning in attaining sustainable and equitable healthcare improvements within decentralized systems. This review provides practical insights for policymakers aiming to align decentralization strategies with health equity and service quality objectives.
Pentahelix Collaboration in Achieving Disaster Preparedness through Resilient Villages: A Systematic Literature Review Hermawan, Dwi Yunanto; Widowati, Evi; Indarjo, Sofwan; Nugroho, Efa; Utami, Annisa Novanda Maharani
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i2.29453

Abstract

Pentahelix is one of the disaster preparedness approaches. This study aimed to provide an overview of the roles of each component in pentahelix collaboration occurring in several countries, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of disaster preparedness. Indonesia is the country with the second-highest disaster risk in the world, with a total of 3,472 disasters occurring in 2024.. Pentahelix collaboration has not been optimal, and disaster preparedness has not been achieved. This systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, compiling relevant studies from databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. The literature search was carried out between April and June 2024 using specific keywords. The search yielded a total of 3.848 articles across the selected databases. Of these, 2.384 articles were obtained from Scopus, 1.277 from Science Direct, and 187 from PubMed. After the screening process, 13 relevant articles were identified for further review. Conclusion: the Government, private sector, community, academics, and media play crucial roles in disaster preparedness effectiveness. Overall, the success of disaster preparedness depends on strong cooperation and coordination among all stakeholders. Strong coordination and close collaboration among all stakeholders through Penthahelix collaboration are crucial to minimize the impact of disasters and accelerate the recovery of critical infrastructure.
Minimum Initial Service Package Readiness Assessment (MRA) for Reproductive Health in the Disaster Situation of Mount Merapi Eruption in Magelang Regency Alifah, Rafidha Nur; Alfiana Ainun Nisa; Efa Nugroho; Sofwan Indarjo; Evi Widowati
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i1.29491

Abstract

The Minimum Initial Service Package Readiness Assessment (MRA) was a comprehensive tool used to evaluate a region’s preparedness in delivering priority reproductive health services during emergencies, as outlined in the MISP. In Indonesia, the MRA had only been implemented in four provinces, including Central Java. This study was the first research conducted in Magelang Regency. It aimed to describe the implementation of the Minimum Initial Service Package (MISP) for reproductive health during the Mount Merapi eruption disaster in Magelang Regency. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed, involving 10 informants from government agencies, non-governmental organizations, and evacuation site managers. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document review, with data validity ensured through triangulation of techniques and data sources. The data analysis included data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicated that MISP implementation in Magelang Regency during the Mount Merapi eruption disaster remained suboptimal, particularly due to the absence of a dedicated reproductive health sub-cluster. Despite good coordination among government agencies, awareness and understanding of MISP among policymakers remained limited. Village midwives played a crucial role in health service provision at evacuation sites. However, socio-cultural constructs that perceived reproductive health issues during disasters as sensitive posed significant challenges.
Sun Exposure on the Incidence of Allergies in Adult Women Pertiwi, Fenti Dewi; Damayanthi, Evy; Rimbawan, Rimbawan
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v20i4.31230

Abstract

Exposure to UVB rays in humans largely affects vitamin D synthesis, and approximately 90%–95% of vitamin D is produced in the skin. Allergic diseases have a significant impact on the health of the affected individuals. This study aimed to determine the relationship between sun exposure and the incidence of allergies in adult women. This research used a quantitative cross-sectional design. This research was conducted in Bogor from August to November 2023. The population investigated consisted of the entire adult female population living in the city of Bogor. This study used simple random sampling to select representative respondents. The data were collected using a questionnaire. The study sample comprised of 395 people. The inclusion criteria were women aged between 19 and 49 years who permanently resided in Bogor City. The exclusion criteria are women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, experiencing menopause, using hormonal contraception, and diagnosed with diabetes or other infectious or non-communicable diseases. Bivariate data was analyzed using the chi-square test to determine the relationship between sun exposure and the incidence of allergies in women in Bogor City. Processed shellfish foods and products are a common cause of allergies in women in Bogor. The frequency of sunbathing and the use of sunscreen have a significant effect on allergies. Sunbathing 2 times/week reduces allergies, whereas never sunbathing causes allergies. Sunscreen use increases allergies, and more research is needed to develop effective prevention strategies.
National Health Insurance on Household Out-of-pocket Health Expenses in Indonesia Wijayati, Ira Yusnita; Handayani, Dwini
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v20i4.31231

Abstract

BPJS Kesehatan is expected to increase access to fair and high-quality health care for all citizens and provide financial risk protection. Our study aims to examine the impact of BPJS Kesehatan’s implementation as national health insurance (NHI) on household out-of-pocket expenses. Our study used a difference in differences (DID) regression model that was applied to repeated cross-section data from the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) between 2013-2014 and 2019-2020. Propensity-score matching (PSM) is used to provide covariate balance in the regression model data. Illnesses that are represented by health conditions and treatment options (self-medication, outpatient, inpatient) are determining factors of out-of-pocket expenses. Our finding, the implementation of BPJS Kesehatan resulted in a 26.0% increase in out-of-pocket expenses. Its main reason is an increase in public health awareness, as indicated by the increased number of visits to health facilities. However, the increase in out-of-pocket expenses suggests that the usage of BPJS Kesehatan is not optimal. To optimize its function as financial protection, improvements must be made to the mechanism and system policies.

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