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Folia Medica Indonesiana The Unit of Journal Consortium and Folia Medica Indonesiana Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Jl. Prof. Dr. Moestopo No.47, Pacar Kembang, Kec. Tambaksari, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60132, Indonesia
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Folia Medica Indonesiana
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 23558398     EISSN : 2599056X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.65346/2958-4515.2401
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Folia Medica Indonesiana, as indicated by its name, focuses on publishing good quality articles about research and education on health science and medicine in Indonesia. However, due to the fast growth of science and knowledge in these fields, we also welcome submitted articles from around the world, especially the ones that contain related matters from lower-middle income countries. Folia Medica Indonesiana is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal that is published online at least four times a year. The scope covers various aspects of basic medical sciences includes anatomy, physiology, pathology, microbiology, pharmacology, and molecular medicine) and clinical medicine (covers specialties like internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, oncology, psychiatry, etc). We highlight the pathology and potential treatment of metabolic syndromes and infectious diseases. Folia Medica Indonesiana also encourages the publication of articles about health education. The scope includes, but is not limited to, articles that emphasize on preventive education on certain diseases in a community, also research report of various materials and/or methods to develop medical education. We recognize the importance of this type of articles to be published alongside the assigned topic in each of our yearly issues, to provide our readers with updated information in medical sciences’ research and education simultaneously.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 571 Documents
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Effect of Ethanol Extract of Mangosteen Peel on Serum Malondialdehyde and Leukotriene B4 Levels in Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar Strain Exposed with Electric Cigarette Smoke Santoso, Jemima Lewi; Notopuro, Harianto; Qurnianingsih, Ema
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 56, No. 4
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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the administration of mangosteen peel ethanol extract at different doses can reduce levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) serum in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strains exposed to electric cigarette smoke. Electric cigarette induces mitochondrial ROS production and triggers oxidative stress. Antioxidants are needed by the body if there are many free radicals, for example mangosteen peel. This laboratory experimental study uses a randomized post test only control group design. Thirty male white rats were divided into 5 groups randomly (KK, KR, P1, P2, P3). KK given 0.5% Na-CMC, KR given smoke and 0.5% Na-CMC, P1, P2, P3 given smoke and mangosteen peel ethanol extract 100, 200, 300 mg / kg weight. Data were tested for normality and homogeneity tests. Data distribution was found not normal. Data were tested by Kruskal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney. Kruskal-Wallis Test results showed significant differences in MDA and LTB4 levels in each experimental group (KS, KR, P1, P2 and P3), p <0.05. Mann-Whitney test results showed a significant difference in the MDA levels of the KR against P3 and in the LTB4 level of the KR against P2 (p <0.05). The conclusion of the study was the administration of mangosteen peel ethanol extract can reduce MDA and LTB4 levels serum in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strains exposed to electric cigarette smoke.
Urogenital Fistula Patients Profile at a Tertiary Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia from 2015 to 2021 Jamhari, Muhammad Arif Hakim; Soebadi, Mohammad Ayodhia; Renaldo, Johan
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 58, No. 3
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Abstract

Highlights: • Vesicovaginal fistula is the most common urogenital fistula. • The transvaginal approach is preferred in treating urogenital fistula. Abstract: A fistula is an extra-anatomical channel between two or more hollow organs, or between an organ and the body surface. WHO estimated there were two million patients with untreated urogenital fistula, with 130,000 new cases every year. The ideal approach for urogenital fistula depends on surgeon preference and individual clinical characteristics. Accordingly, we aimed to determine the profile of patients with a urogenital fistula at a tertiary hospital of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia, from 2015 to 2021. A retrospective study with a descriptive design was carried out by medical records data retrieval of patients with urogenital fistula. It included age, etiology, anatomical location, surgical management, and recurrence rate. The study population consisted of 55 patients. The majority of the patients were among the 41-50 y.o. age groups (41.17%), while the least were in the <20 years group (1.96%). History of obstructed labor was the most common etiology (70.59%). Fistulas in the study population were also associated with a history of trauma (15.68%) and malignancy (11.76%). The vesicovaginal fistula was the most common type of fistula (88.23%). Other types found include urethrovaginal, ureterovaginal, rectovesical, rectovaginal, and vesicocolon fistulas. The transvaginal approach was preferred in almost all study populations. A total of two cases of vesicovaginal fistula recurred (3.39%). In general, patients with urogenital fistula are prevalent in the 4th decade age group, with the most common etiology being a history of obstructed labor. Transvaginal surgery is the treatment of choice with good results and low recurrence rates.
Effect of Simvastatin in Serum Interleukin-6 Level in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Meo, Maria Lettisia; Machin, Abdulloh; Hasmono, Didik
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 56, No. 3
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Abstract

Acute ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death and causing permanent disability in adults worldwide. In acute ischemic stroke, IL-6 levels positively correlated to more severe neurological deficits, more extensive brain damage and worse prognoses. The use of statin was associated with milder initial stroke severity, better functional outcome and lower mortality. This clinically randomized controlled trial study was aimed to analyze the serum levels of IL 6 in acute ischemic stroke patients who treated with Simvastatin 20 mg compare to placebo. Samples were taken using consecutive sampling method from hospitalized acute ischemic stroke patients in Neurology Department of Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital Surabaya and Airlangga University Hospital Surabayafrom August to November 2017. Total of 44 patients met the inclusion criteria, consisting of 22 patients in treatment group and 22 patients in control group.There were no significant difference in the characteristic of the patients in both groups (p>0.05). Averages of serum IL-6 in the control and the treatment group are 38.594±74.313 and 17.760±25.253(p=0,438) while averages of serum IL-6 post in the control group and the treatment are 46.586±103.484 and 15.275±17.183 (p=0,589). There were no significant level escalation in pre and post of control group (p = 0.205) and also no significant level reduction in pre and post of treatment group (p = 0.411), while the average difference in the control group (-7.992 + 78.912 pg/ml) and in the treatment group (2.485 + 23.738 pg/ml).
Monitoring Serum Creatinine, Blood Urea Nitrogen in Patients Brain Injury with Mannitol Therapy Sari, Erni A; Suharjono, Suharjono; Wahyuhadi, Joni
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 56, No. 4
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Abstract

Increased intracranial pressure is a further effect of brain injury due to structural damage and osmotic and water imbalances (Edema). Mannitol works in the proximal tubules and mannitol in the absorption of tubular cells by the mechanism of pinocytosis. The fluid transfer will draw fluid into the intracellular, so that the cell will be switched and broke. This phenomenon is referred to as the phenomenon of "Nephrosis Osmotic", in which mannitol administration may occur as a result of accumulation of drugs in the kidneys due to prolonged exposure to mannitol in the kidney and given dosage. The effects of osmotic diuresis occurring plus the dose and duration of mannitol administration are reported to cause renal function disorders (Scr and BUN). The aim of this study was to analyze changes in serum creatinine and BUN in patients with brain injury from before receiving mannitol therapy and during mannitol treatment. From the results of the study the number of patients who met the inclusion criteria, 32 patients. Serum creatinine, the initial average of 0.85 ± 0.17 mg / dl and the last day of the mean SCr 0.74 ± 0.30 mg / dl. While the mean BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) was 11.27 ± 2.75 mg / dl and the mean last day was 17.08 mg / dl ± 8.59 mg / dl. From Serum Creatinine and BUN data it can be concluded that there is no significant change.
The Influence of Psychocurative on Cortisol Level, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Advanced Stage Cervical Cancer Patients Soetrisno, Soetrisno; Mulyani, Sri; Nurinasari, Hafi; Nurinasari, Hafi; Budi, Erindra
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 55, No. 3
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Abstract

Every year, there are 500.000 new cases and more than 250.000 deaths caused by cervical cancerworldwide. Cervical cancer patients faced physical and psychological problems several times that it activate stress mechanism such as hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. These recurrent activations caused HPA axis disruption and adverse clinical effects. Several symptoms of endocrine stress response are the change of circadian cortisol rhythm. Cortisol is known as a stress hormone that involves an organism's response to stress and anxiety that influence the quality of life. This research aims to analyze the differences among serum cortisol level, anxiety, and quality of life in cervical cancer patients before and after psychocurative intervention in obstetrics and gynecology wards and polyclinic in RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. This research is an experimental double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial pre-test post-test group design study. The subjects were advance stage (IIB-IV)cervical cancer patients. The subjects were randomly chosen into fifteen subjects that given standard therapy and psychocurative, while the other fifteen subjects as a control only got standard therapy. Data were obtained from measurement of serum cortisol level, anxiety questionnaire DASS 42 and WHO quality of life questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 using difference test. The difference mean test result of cortisol serum level, anxiety, quality of life from the controlled group and uncontrolled group showed a significant difference (p < 0.05). In conclusion, psychocurative is significant to reduce cortisol level, anxiety, and improve the quality of life in advanced stage cervical cancer patients.
Effectivity and renal safety of cyclosporine and methylprednisolone combination therapy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) Wuryana, Desantika; Suryana, Bagus PP; Yulistiani, Yulistiani
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 51, No. 3
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Cyclosporine and methylprednisolone combination are second line therapy for moderate to severe systemic lupus erythemathosus. Some study suggest that the combination were effective to decrease of systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity. But record from the study, cyclosporine cause nephrotoxicity side effect. Therefore, this study should be considered to monitore therapy effect on disease activity and renal side effect. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of cyclosporine and methylprednisolone combination therapy on disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) assessed by MEX-SLEDAI and renal side effect assessed by creatinine, ureum and proteinuria. A cohort, observational prospective study was conducted to determine the effect of cyclosporine and methylprednisolone combination therapy on disease activity of SLE and renal side effect of this combination. Patients who met criteria were given cyclosporine and methylprednisolone combination that normally renal function tests. MEX-SLEDAI score, creatinine, ureum and proteinuria were measured for fourth times (one time in one mounth), before study, 1st mounth, 2nd mounth, and 3rd mounth. The study comprised 9 patients SLE were given cyclosporine and methylprednisolone combination that normally renal function tests. All patients were female and had productive age. At 3rd mounth, there was increase patients who had MEX-SLEDAI score <2 (55,6%) and one patient (11,1%) had increase of creatinine, ureum and proteinuria. In conclusion, cyclosporine and methylprednisolone combination therapy showed the effectiveness and safety in 88,9% patients and renal dysfunction in 11,1% patients.
Nucleotide variance of mitochondrial dna d-loop 126 bp (nt: 34-159) region in madurese Sulistyorini, Nilly; Yudianto, Ahmad; Margaret, Nola
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 52, No. 2
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Endogamy continues to occur among the Madurese people in rural areas of the island of Madura, especially those areas of the smallest islands around the mainland of Madura. Endogamy as seen from a genetic standpoint will increase the frequency of homozygous genotypes. With regard to genetic variations, STRs of nuclear DNA and polymorphisms in mtDNA are frequently examined. Mitochondrial variations in the human undergo an evolutionary process through the accumulation of changes in DNA sequence, i.e. through the process of nucleotide substitutions that evolves in number with the directional development of lineage. So far, the genetic variations among the populations in Madura Island have not been known. The present study was an observational analytical research with the purpose of determining the genetic variations in the polymorphisms of 126-bp mtDNA D-Loop HV2 (nt: 34-159) in the populations of Madura Island. Results indicated that, based on the homology analysis with rCRS sequence, there were 9 variants consisting of two transition mutations, 6 transversion mutations, and one insertion mutation. This indicates that a transversion mutation had a higher probability than transition and insertion mutations. According to Mustama (2007), a gene pool is not only a collection of genes but a dynamic system organized and containing the past history of a population. Any genetic information has certain historical, anthropological and statistical aspects necessitating an interdisciplinary coordination and collaboration.
Prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes in low and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions at cervical tissue Prasetyo, Rizki Eko; Mastutik, Gondo; Mustokoweni, Sjahjenny
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 53, No. 4
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HPV infection is known to cause cervical cancer. This study aimed to identify the variant of HPV genotypes of cervical precancerous lesions from low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). This was an explorative study using formalin fix paraffin embedded (FFPE) from cervical precancerous lesions at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. DNA was extracted from FFPE and hybridized for HPV genotyping using Ampliquality HPV Type Express kit (AB ANALITICA) by reverse line blot techniques. The results showed that there were variants of HPV genotype in LSIL. The variants were HPV16 (8/15), HPV18 (3/15), HPV52 (1/15), HPV6+31 (1/15), HPV6+18 (1/15), and HPV72+68 (1/15), and in HSIL which were HPV16 (4/10), HPV18 (2/10), HPV59 (1/10), HPV6+45 (1/10), HPV61+26 (1/10), and HPV16+31 (1/10). The characteristics of infection in LSIL were single infection of high-risk (hr) HPV and multiple infection of low-risk (lr)+hr HPV, and in HSIL were single infection of HPVhr, multiple infection of HPVhr+hr and HPVlr+hr. In conclusion, HPV prevalence in cervical precancerous lesions is single infection by HPV16 (48%), HPV18 (20%), HPV52 (4%), HPV59 (4%), and multiple infection by HPV6+31, HPV6+18, HPV6+45, HPV16+31, HPV61+26, HPV72+68 is 4%.
Leaf and Petiole Extract of Centella Asiatica are Potential for Antifertility and Antimicrobial Material Amilah, Susie; Sukarjati, Sukarjati; Rachmatin, Diaz P; Masruroh, Masruroh
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 55, No. 3
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Ethanol extract of leaves and petiole of pegagan (Centella asiatica) is potential as antimicrobial and antifertility. This study was to investigate whether ethanol extracts of leaf and petiole of Centella asiatica has potential as an antimicrobial and can decrease sperm quality and spermatogenic cells of mice. This was a randomized controlled study using Centella asiatica plant from which we made ethanol extract. The extract of the leaves and petiole of Centella asiatica was subjected to antimicrobial test using the bacteria S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and A. aerogenes. Then the observation was done after a 24-hour-old bacterial cultures by measuring the diameter of the clear zone in mm. Thereafter, the extract was given to randomly grouped mice that were divided into two groups receiving the leaf extract in one group and the petiole exract in another for 35 days. On day 36 the mice were sacrificed for spermatozoa quality and testicular histology examination. Statistical analyses used in this study were ANOVA and LSD tests. There was inhibition zone difference between leaf and petiole (p=0.000). Inhibition zone between bacteria S. epidermidis, S. aureus and A. aerogenes showed no difference (p=0.198). Inter-dose inhibition zone showed difference (p=0.000). Centella asiatica leaf extract showed inhibition zone better than that of Centella asiatica petiole extract. In spermatozoa quality test, there was effect of Centella asiatica leaf extract on sperm motility (p<0.05), viability (p<0.05), morphology (p<0.05) and concentration (p<0.05). No effect of pegagan petiole extract was found on sperm motility (p<0.05), viability (p<0.05), abnormal morphology (p<0.05) and concentration (p<0.05). Highest degradation of spermatozoa quality was obtained from Centella asiatica petiole extract at a concentration of 150 mg/kg bw. Spermatogenic cell test results showed no effect of Centella asiatica leaf extract in decreasing spermatogonia (p=0.000), spermatocytes (p=0.000), and spermatids (p=0.000) counts. No effect of pegagan petiole extract in decreasing the number of spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids. The highest reduction spermatogenic cells of seminiferous tubules was obtained by Centella asiatica petiole extract in a concentration of 150 mg/kg bw. In conclusion: Centella asiatica leaf and petiole extract has antimicrobial potency as contra-ceptives
Review article: Neonatal Sepsis in Thailand Thatrimontrichai, Anucha
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 54, No. 4
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Abstract

Neonatal sepsis is a burden around the world and causes high mortality and morbidity as well. Long-term neurodevelopmental disability may occur in survivors. General physicians, pediatricians, and neonatologists need be attentive to the proper diagnosis, starting, de-escalating or stopping empirical antimicrobials therapy in neonatal sepsis. Furthermore, multidrug resistant organisms have emerged among adults, children, and neonates in developing countries. Local epidemiology studies and antimicrobial stewardship programs are important for application of the best and specific treatments. Knowledge, definitions, and clinical practice of neonatal sepsis are updated in this review.

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