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Effect of viral, reservoir, host, and environmental factors on viral evolution that affect morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 disease Jemima Lewi Santoso
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Qanun Medika Vol 07 No 01 January 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v7i1.12575

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has been going on for more than two years. The number of sufferers of this disease continues to increase as well as those who die. The number of disease and death cases varies in each country and even in one country in certain seasons and certain tribes. This is triggered by the evolution of viruses that create new variants with different virulences so that they can affect the transmission of the COVID-19 virus. Several factors can trigger the evolution of the virus, one of which is the ability to mutate to create new variants and/or new strains that cause differences in morbidity and mortality due to early COVID-19 strains. Other factors that favor viral evolution are the reservoir, host immunity, and extreme environmental conditions. This is supported by differences in the percentage of morbidity and mortality in various countries. This literature review aims to determine the effect of viral, reservoir, host, and environmental factors (season and rainfall, temperature, sunlight, materials around the environment, animal habitat, water, and wastewater) on the evolution of viruses that affect morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 disease.
Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Upaya Peningkatan Kesadaran untuk mengurangi risiko Penyakit Kronis di Wilayah Tengger Santoso, Jemima Lewi; Nurkhamidah; Nugraheni, Elizabeth S.; Harsa, Cempaka; Tantana, Olivia; Viena, Windi Clara; Ang, Samantha Debora; Corvietasari, Maya Atria; Monica, Tasya
Jurnal Leverage, Engagement, Empowerment of Community (LeECOM) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Leverage, Engagement, Empowerment of Community (LeECOM)
Publisher : Universitas Ciputra Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37715/leecom.v5i2.4001

Abstract

Suku Tengger merupakan salah satu suku yang berada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sukapura yang masih mempertahankan tradisi leluhur seperti perayaan adat. Pada saat perayaan tersebut, masyarakat Tengger menyajikan makanan bersantan dan tinggi lemak. Hal itu diindikasi sebagai salah satu penyebab penyakit kronis yang menyerang usia pralansia dan lansia seperti hipertensi, diabetes melitus, dan obesitas. Berdasarkan data dari puskesmas setempat, diketahui angka tersebut cukup tinggi sehingga tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk melakukan deteksi dini, pemeriksaan serta melakukan penyuluhan kepada warga setempat tentang masalah penyakit kronis. Kegiatan yang dilakukan antara lain analisis masalah dengan pihak puskesmas serta melakukan kerja sama, kemudian melaksanakan kegiatan berupa pemeriksaan kesehatan serta penyuluhan. Pemeriksaan dilakukan selama tiga hari untuk melakukan screening untuk memeriksa hipertensi, kadar gula darah, dan obesitas. Pasien yang ditemukan pada kondisi kronis dirujuk ke puskesmas setempat untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan lebih lanjut dan diberikan edukasi untuk melakukan pemeriksaan rutin. Kegiatan KIE (komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi) tetap dilakukan pada masyarakat. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat disusun dan dilaporkan pada pemerintah setempat.
Pencegahan Sindrom Metabolik melalui Edukasi dan Pendampingan Mandiri kepada Komunitas GBI Diaspora Sejahtera Surabaya Imelda Ritunga; Jemima Lewi Santoso; Cempaka Harsa Sekarputri; Yahya Haryo Nugroho; Hernycane Sosilya; Johanes Tanzil; Mellyanawati; Elizabeth Sulastri Nugraheni; Nazwa Syahlimar Alkatiri; Shabila Ikha Pertiwi; Maynard Adam Liemdjaja
Jurnal Leverage, Engagement, Empowerment of Community (LeECOM) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Leverage, Engagement, Empowerment of Community (LeECOM)
Publisher : Universitas Ciputra Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37715/leecom.v6i1.4594

Abstract

Sindrom metabolik (SM) merupakan suatu kumpulan faktor risiko metabolik yang berkaitan langsung terhadap terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular aterosklerosis. Tingginya penyebab kematian penyakit kardiovaskular dengan faktor risiko sindrom metabolik menjadi perhatian untuk dilakukan upaya pencegahan. Gereja Bethel Indonesia (GBI) Diaspora Sejahtera Surabaya memiliki visi membawa keselamatan bagi semua orang dengan filosofi memperhatikan keselamatan dan kebutuhan sesama. Salah satu kebutuhan saat ini adalah kesehatan jemaat. Banyaknya jumlah jemaat dan lansia berpotensi mengalami penurunan kesehatan akibat gangguan metabolisme. Risiko gangguan metabolisme kurang dipahami oleh masyarakat awam termasuk jemaat GBI Diaspora Sejahtera Surabaya. Permasalahan yang dihadapi jemaat di GBI Diaspora Sejahtera Surabaya adalah kurangnya pengetahuan tentang pencegahan dan penanganan penyakit akibat gangguan metabolisme. Solusi yang ditawarkan melalui pengabdian masyarakat di GBI Diaspora Sejahtera Surabaya adalah edukasi penyakit terkait akibat gangguan metabolisme, pemeriksaan darah yang meliputi kolesterol, asam urat, gula darah serta konsultasi, serta deteksi dini penyakit diabetes melalui pemberian buku diary metabolisme yang diumumkan kepada peserta. Buku harian metabolisme ini berisi informasi skrining, pencegahan, dan penanganan gangguan metabolisme. Capaian dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan komunitas terhadap sindrom metabolik dan upaya mandiri untuk mencegah sindrom metabolik.
Penguatan Konsep Sistem Pendengaran, Pembau, dan Perasa pada Komunitas Guru Biologi Sidoarjo Tantana, Olivia; Santoso, Jemima Lewi; Adrianto, Hebert; Rahayu, Novi Widia; Themone, Anacy Simproza Melania; Laila, Najmul
Jurnal Dharma Bhakti Ekuitas Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Dharma Bhakti Ekuitas
Publisher : Universitas Ekuitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52250/p3m.v8i2.765

Abstract

The hearing, smell, and taste systems are important parts of humans because they function to respond to the surrounding environment. People of all ages often ignore ear hygiene and health. Nasal disorders are a disease that is often found in society. The community service activities were attended by high school biology teachers in Sidoarjo City. This activity is based on the results of observations with partners about learning needs and learning topics that are considered difficult by the teacher. Teachers have a role in forming good and healthy behavior for students. This community service aims to reinforce biological material concepts on the topic of hearing, smell, and taste systems to high school Biology MGMP teachers. The way to carry out community service is in the form of concept imposition. Activity stages include pre-activity, during-activity, and post-activity. The concepts given to participants are the hearing, smell, and taste systems. The results of the activity include participants taking part in the activity during three face-to-face meetings. The first meeting used Zoom. The second and third meetings were at the school. The participant with the high score gets the Human Ear Anatomy Model. There was an increase in the post-test score compared to the pre-test score after participants followed the material with the resource person, amounting to 33.53% at the first meeting and 89.42% at the second meeting. This activity can be held again through a laboratory practicum and experience-based learning for the next project. Keyword: Teacher, Biology, Ear, Nose, Tongue Abstrak Sistem pendengaran, pembau, dan perasa merupakan salah satu indera penting pada manusia yang berfungsi untuk merespon lingkungan di sekitarnya. Masyarakat segala umur sering mengabaikan kebersihan dan kesehatan telinga. Gangguan penyakit pada hidung adalah penyakit yang sering dijumpai di masyarakat. Kegiatan ini didasari hasil observasi dengan mitra kebutuhan belajar dan topik belajar yang dianggap sulit oleh guru. Guru memiliki peran membentuk perilaku baik dan sehat kepada siswa. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penguatan konsep materi biologi topik sistem pendengaran, pembau, dan perasa kepada MGMP Biologi Sidoarjo. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat berupa penguatan konsep. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada guru biologi di Sekolah Menengah Atas di Sidoarjo. Tahapan kegiatan meliputi pra-kegiatan, saat kegiatan, dan pasca kegiatan. Konsep yang diberikan kepada peserta adalah sistem pendengaran, pembau, dan perasa. Hasil kegiatan meliputi peserta mengikuti kegiatan selama tiga kali tatap muka. Pertemuan pertama dilaksanakan secara online dengan zoom. Pertemuan kedua dilaksanakan secara offline di sekolah. Peserta dengan nilai terbaik mendapatkan souvenir berupa torso sistem indera telinga. Ada peningkatan nilai post-test dibandingkan nilai pre-test setelah peserta mengikuti materi dengan narasumber, sebesar 33,53% pada pertemuan pertama dan 89,42% pada pertemuan kedua. Kegiatan ini dapat diadakan kembali dengan praktikum laboratorium dan pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman untuk kegiatan selanjutnya. Kata kunci: Guru, Biologi, Telinga, Hidung, Lidah
PROBIOTIK DAN DIARE PADA ANAK Santoso, Anna Lewi; Santoso, Jemima Lewi; Sanjaya, Ayling
Prosiding Seminar Nasional COSMIC Kedokteran Vol 3 (2025): Edisi 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Mikroflora pada usus berfungsi sebagai penyerapan nutrisi, sistem imun juga sebagai barrier terhadap organisme patogen seperti bakteri, virus dan jamur. Bila terjadi kerusakan yang  disebabkan oleh sakit yang lama atau berulang (diare), environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) yang etiolaginya belum diketahui  dengan pasti  (lebih dari 40% kasus stunting) akan menganggu keseimbangan antara pasien dan mikroflora usus, sehingga terjadi pertambahan organisme patogen yang akan menembus mukosa barrier usus, sehingga diare berulang dan dapat mengakibatkkan infeksi sistemik. Probiotik yang berasal dari organisme mikrobiota usus (tunggal atau kombinasi) untuk memperbaiki mikroflora usus juga bisa  menjadi flora normal usus akan meningkatkan barrier usus. Tujuan: Artikel-artikel tentang probiotik dan diare, khususnya pada anak direview, tentang peran probiotik untuk pencegahan diare dan patogenesis diare. Metode: artikel dan jurnal di PUBMED, google scholar dikumpulkan mulai tahun 2014-2024. Hasil: probiotik dapat memperbaiki ketidakseimbangan antara mikrobiota usus dan fungsinya sebagai barrier. Probiotik telah digunakan di berbagai kasus kesakitan anak (diare), tetapi perlu dilakukan penelitian lebh lanjut dengan multisenter kapan dan dosis secara rutin untuk anak-Kesimpulan: probiotik dapat mencegah, meningkatkan kemampuan antipatogen, memperpendek durasi diare dan mengurangi reinfeksi diare.
Effect of Ethanol Extract of Mangosteen Peel on Serum Malondialdehyde and Leukotriene B4 Levels in Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar Strain Exposed with Electric Cigarette Smoke Santoso, Jemima Lewi; Notopuro, Harianto; Qurnianingsih, Ema
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 56 No. 4 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (365.197 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/fmi.v56i4.24612

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the administration of mangosteen peel ethanol extract at different doses can reduce levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) serum in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strains exposed to electric cigarette smoke. Electric cigarette induces mitochondrial ROS production and triggers oxidative stress. Antioxidants are needed by the body if there are many free radicals, for example mangosteen peel. This laboratory experimental study uses a randomized post test only control group design. Thirty male white rats were divided into 5 groups randomly (KK, KR, P1, P2, P3). KK given 0.5% Na-CMC, KR given smoke and 0.5% Na-CMC, P1, P2, P3 given smoke and mangosteen peel ethanol extract 100, 200, 300 mg / kg weight. Data were tested for normality and homogeneity tests. Data distribution was found not normal. Data were tested by Kruskal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney. Kruskal-Wallis Test results showed significant differences in MDA and LTB4 levels in each experimental group (KS, KR, P1, P2 and P3), p <0.05. Mann-Whitney test results showed a significant difference in the MDA levels of the KR against P3 and in the LTB4 level of the KR against P2 (p <0.05). The conclusion of the study was the administration of mangosteen peel ethanol extract can reduce MDA and LTB4 levels serum in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strains exposed to electric cigarette smoke.
The Relationship Between Hospital Image and Patient Satisfaction at Wiyung Sejahtera Hospital Surabaya Al Fahira, Syalwa Khana; Wartiningsih, Minarni; Santoso, Jemima Lewi; Yuwono, Natalia
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 17 No 1 (2025): JIKM Vol. 17, Issue 1, February 2025
Publisher : Public Health Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52022/jikm.v17i1.748

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Abstract Background: A hospital with a good reputation will influence the thoughts and behavior of the public or patients toward it. In addition to providing a competitive advantage for the hospital, a good reputation can increase patient satisfaction, service quality, competitiveness, morale, patient loyalty, and willingness to return. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between hospital image and patient satisfaction level of Wiyung Sejahtera Hospital Surabaya. Method: This study used an observational quantitative methodology with the application of analytical observation. Cross-sectional design with a sample of 99 outpatients at Wiyung Sejahtera Hospital Surabaya selected by simple random sampling in August to October 2024. The dependent variable was related to outpatients' satisfaction at Wiyung Sejahtera Hospital Surabaya. The independent variable was associated with the hospital's image towards outpatients at Wiyung Sejahtera Hospital Surabaya. Univariate and bivariate analysis using Spearman correlation. Results: The results of bivariate analysis with the Spearman correlation test show that hospital image variables have a significant relationship with patient satisfaction (p = 0.000, p < 0.050), hospital personality variables have a significant relationship with patient satisfaction (p = 0.000, p < 0.368), hospital association variables have a significant relationship with patient satisfaction (p = 0.000, p < 0.431), hospital attitudes-behaviors variables have a significant relationship with patient satisfaction (p = 0.000, p < 0.492), benefits and advantages of hospital variables have a significant relationship with patient satisfaction (p = 0.000, p < 0.577). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between hospital image variables and patient satisfaction at Wiyung Sejahtera Hospital Surabaya.
Strengthening the Molecular Biology Concept of DNA as the Basis for Disease Pathogenesis in MGMP Biology of Malang Adrianto, Hebert; Lewi Santoso , Jemima; Rambung, Etha; Tabita Hasianna Silitonga, Hanna; Rio Ferdinand, Gede
Community Development Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Community Development Journal
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/cdj.v9i1.7053

Abstract

Teachers' and students' understanding of the molecular structure of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is important because it is a fundamental concept that explains the pathogenesis of disease and mutations in cell biology learning. This activity aims to improve Biology teachers' understanding of the molecular structure of DNA. The activity was conducted at SMAN 1 Bululawang Malang, with 39 Biology teachers who were members of Malang's Biology Subject Teachers' Community (MGMP) as participants. The methods used included interactive lectures, group discussions, and case studies on sickle cell anemia. The resources utilized for the community service included laptops connected to Wi-Fi, Google Forms for pre-test and post-test applications, PowerPoint slides for the materials, patient scenario PPT, and laptops. Evaluation was carried out with pre-tests and post-tests to measure the improvement in participants' understanding. The evaluation results showed that participants gave positive feedback regarding the activity. They felt that there was an application of the chemical structure of DNA bands to the shape of DNA, the bioprocess of protein synthesis, and the pathogenesis of sickle cell anemia. A significant increase in conceptual understanding was observed, with an average pre-test score of 67.69 and an average post-test score of 92.05. The five teachers who obtained the highest scores received prizes in the form of medical biology books, which were authored by us. Similar programs are recommended for implementation in other areas to support the improvement of education quality in Indonesia and benefit students who will pursue medical courses.
Hubungan Antara Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Gizi Anak Dengan Stunting Pada Anak Umur 2-5 Tahun Di Kecamatan Arjasa Pulau Kangean Madura Furqani, Aureli Pricilia; Silitonga, Hanna Tabita Hasianna; Santoso, Jemima Lewi; Siahaan, Salmon Charles Pardomuan Tua
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 7 (2025): Volume 12 Nomor 7
Publisher : Prodi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jikk.v12i7.18817

Abstract

Stunting adalah pertumbuhan dan perkembangan fisik terhambat yang ditandai dengan tinggi badan tidak memenuhi standar pertumbuhan anak. Banyak faktor dapat memengaruhi stunting, salah satu faktor tersebut adalah pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi dengan stunting di Kecamatan Arjasa Pulau Kangean Madura. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan observasional analitik dengan desain studi cross sectional. Pengumpulan data 75 sampel menggunakan teknik systematic random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu microtoise, kuesioner pengetahuan ibu, kurva pertumbuhan height for age untuk anak umur 2-5 tahun, dan SPSS versi 29. Uji analisis menggunakan Chi-square. Hasil penelitian ditemukan sebagian besar (49,3%) ibu berpengetahuan tinggi tentang gizi dan 54 (72,0%) anak mempunyai tinggi badan nrmal. Hasil uji Chi- Square menunjukkan nilai signifikansi 0,000 (p < 0,05), yang mengindikasikan adanya hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi anak dengan stunting pada anak umur 2-5 tahun di Kecamatan Arjasa Pulau Kangean Madura.
REVIEW PERAN VAKSIN DEMAM TIFOID UNTUK WISATAWAN DI DAERAH TROPIS Lewi Santoso, Anna; Sanjaya, Ayling; Santoso , Jemima Lewi; Njoto, Ibrahim
Jurnal Medicare Vol. 4 No. 3: JULY 2025
Publisher : Rena Cipta Mandiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62354/jurnalmedicare.v4i3.226

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Typhoid fever is a systemic infectious disease caused by Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi). Transmission commonly occurs through food or drinks contaminated with the feces or urine of infected individuals. Travelers to endemic areas, particularly tropical regions, are at high risk of infection. Symptoms include high fever, nausea, and abdominal pain. Improvements in sanitation and hygiene have contributed to a decline in typhoid incidence; however, the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment is decreasing due to rising resistance. Vaccination has become a highly recommended preventive measure for both local populations and travelers. This study is a literature review of English-language articles published between 2014 and 2024, sourced from PubMed (106 articles), Google Scholar (915), and ProQuest (14), using the keywords “typhoid fever” and “vaccine.” A total of 49 relevant articles were analyzed. The results show that the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends typhoid vaccination in endemic areas. In conclusion, vaccination is effective in reducing morbidity and mortality rates and in preventing antibiotic resistance. Well-planned preventive strategies are essential for protecting public health.