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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Electroporation-mediated genetic transformation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) Chris Darmawan; Ni Made Armini Wiendi; Condro Utomo; Tony Liwang
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210839

Abstract

Abstract. Darmawan C, Wiendi NMA, Utomo C, Liwang T. 2020. Electroporation-mediated genetic transformation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Biodiversitas 21: 3720-3726. Novel traits introduction to existing varieties may shorten the duration of oil palm genetic improvement. This approach heavily relies on efficient plant transformation and regeneration methods. Commonly used methods such as biolistic and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation still generated low efficiency for oil palm. Therefore, it is important to find alternative transformation methods that have the potency to give better results. Electroporation is usually used for delivering genes into bacteria or plant protoplast where cell wall does not exist, however, in this research, it was used to deliver plasmid into plant tissues. The aim of this research is to establish an optimum electroporation protocol for delivering genes into oil palm calli. Electric field strength of 250, 500, 750, 1,000, and 1,250 V/cm were applied for oil palm calli electroporation. Transient GUS assay was not applicable for initial detection presumably due to oil palm endogenous GUS-like protein activity after electroporation. Delivered gene could be detected in survived calli from all tested electric field strength treatments and the highest calli growth rates were observed from 250 V/cm electroporation treatment. Overall results showed that electroporation could be used to deliver specific genes into oil palm calli and might be developed further to increase its efficiency.
Low genetic diversity and no genetic differentiation between maleo hatched at coastal and inland nesting grounds in North Sulawesi, Indonesia Andie Wijaya Saputra; Pramana Yuda
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211042

Abstract

Abstract. Saputra AW, Yuda P. 2020. Low genetic diversity and no genetic differentiation between maleo hatched at coastal and inland nesting grounds in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4772-4777. Maleo Senkawor (Macrocephalon maleo), an endemic and endangered bird of Sulawesi (Indonesia), is burrow-nesting megapodes that incubate its eggs in communal nesting sites in soils heated by sun on beaches and by volcanic activity in inland. The aims of this study were to assess genetic diversity of the Maleo and examine whether those which have different nesting sites have become genetically differentiated. In total, 24 eggshell membranes of Maleo were collected from Tanjung Binerean (coastal nesting ground) and Tambun (inland nesting ground), and the DNA was extracted using silica spin-column kit. PCR was applied to amplify the hypervariable region 1 (HV1) and partial mtDNA control region of HV2 using a specific primer set designed for Maleo. The PCR products were sequenced, resulted in 612 bp, and showed 9 polymorphic sites and 9 haplotypes (H). Further sequences analysis suggested that there was no genetic differentiation between coastal nesting population and inland nesting population (Fst = 0.0009; P = 0.431). As expected, the genetic diversity of Maleo was relatively low (coastal nesting population, Hd: 0.727270, ?: 0.002377 and inland nesting population Hd: 0.848480, ?: 0.002203).
Floristic study of an ultramafic formation in Sitio Magarwak, Sta. Lourdes, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan Island, Philippines Maria Ellenita; Jose Santos Carandang VI; Esperanza Maribel Agoo
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210844

Abstract

Abstract. De Castro ME, Carandang VI JS, Agoo EM. 2020. Floristic study of an ultramafic formation in Sitio Magarwak, Sta. Lourdes, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan Island, Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 3769-3779. A study was done to assess the floristic composition of an ultramafic formation in Sitio Magarwak, Barangay Sta. Lourdes, Puerto Princesa City Palawan. A total of 52 trees and shrubs representing 30 families and 48 genera was recorded in the overstorey while the ground cover was dominated by 10 species mostly from families Poaceae and Zingiberaceae. The most dominant tree species include Dillenia monantha Merr., Xanthostemon speciosus Merr. and Schima wallichii ssp. oblata (Roxb.) Kurz. with Important Value Indices (IVIs) of 15.96%, 15.71%, and 14.20%, respectively. Level of endemicity was considerably high with 21 species classified as indigenous, 11 of which have their population restricted only on the island of Palawan. However, most of these endemics are now under threat based on the Updated List of Threatened Philippine Plants and their Categories (DAO No 2017-11) and the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List (2020-1). Two species are classified as ?critically endangered? (Olea palawanensis Kiew and Guioa palawanica Welzen) while the two are ‘endangered’ (Kibatalia stenopetala Merr. and Nepenthes philippinensis Macfarl.). Findings from this study suggest that appropriate conservation measures must be put in place to ensure protection of the native flora’s remaining population from further destruction.
Phytophagous insects and predatory arthropods in soybean and zinnia Erise Anggraini; wida nur anisa; siti herlinda; Chandra Irsan; suparman SUPARMAN; suwandi suwandi; muhammad umar harun; BAMBANG GUNAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220343

Abstract

Abstract. Anggraini E, Anisa WN, Herlinda S, Irsan C, Suparman S, Suwandi S, Harun MU, Gunawan B. 2021. Phytophagous insects and predatory arthropods in soybean and zinnia. Biodiversitas 22: 1405-1414. In Indonesia, soybean is the third most important commodity after rice and corn. Cultivation technique such as planting hedgerows was expected to attract and retain natural enemies of pest predators. This study was conducted to determine the phytophagous insects and predatory arthropods species in soybean (Glycine max L.) and zinnia (Zinnia sp., hybrids) plants as refugia. This study utilized three methods i.e., visual observation, pitfall trap, net-trap in both soybean and zinnia planting areas. All collected insects were carried to the laboratory for observation and identification using insect determination key book. Insect identification was based on their morphological characteristics. The results study showed that phytophagous and predatory arthropods were found in both soybean and zinnia plantations in Agro-Techno Center (ATC), Sriwijaya University, Indonesia. There were 11 species of phytophagous and 5 species of entomophagous insects identified at soybean cultivation. Meanwhile, 5 species of phytophagous and 9 species of predatory arthropods including five spider species found, namely Pardosa distincta, Oxyopes javanus, Lycosa pseudomonas, Pardosa sp. and Drapetisca socialis at zinnia cultivation area. However, chi-square analysis (at alpha 0.05), confirmed that there was no significant difference between predatory arthropods in soybean and Zinnia the results indicate that soybean is might be suitable to be planted as refugia for predatory arthropods.
The diversity of pteridophytes in Siberut National Park, Mentawai Islands, West Sumatra, Indonesia: - MILDAWATI MILDAWATI; SOBIR SOBIR; SULISTIJORINI SULISTIJORINI; Tatik Chikmawati
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210742

Abstract

Abstract. Mildawati, Sobir, Sulistijorini, Chikmawati T. 2020. The diversity of pteridophytes in Siberut National Park, Mentawai Islands, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3200-3208. The diversity of Pteridophytes in the Siberut National Park (Siberut NP) Mentawai Islands, West Sumatra, is still very well preserved, but the information is limited. This research aimed to study the divesrity of Pteridophyte species in the Siberut NP in order to provide its taxonomic information using morphological data. The study consisted of exploration to collect plant specimens directly in the field, observation and identification of herbarium specimens in Herbarium Bogoriense and verification using online websites from various sources. A total of 69 species of Pteridophytes classified into 36 genera, and 20 families were recorded in the Siberut NP with Polypodiaceae has the most species diversity with 12 species of 6 genera. As many as 14 species are new records for Siberut Island, i.e. Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring (Selaginellaceae), Asplenium simile Blume (Aspleniaceae), Diplazium montanum V.A.V.R (Athyriaceae), Stenochlaena palustris (Burm) Bedd. (Gleichnaceae), Davallia solida (Forst.) Sw. (Davalliaceae), Callistopteris apiifolia (C.Presl) Copel., Crepidomanes humile Bosch (Hymenophyllaceae), Lindsaea carvifolia Kramer, Lindsaea doryphora Kramer, Lindsaea napaea Aldrew. (Lindsaeaceae), Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott (Nephrolepidaceae), Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn., Haplopteris ensiformis (Sw.) E.H.Crane and Syngramma alismifolia (Pr.) J.Sm. (Pteridaceae). The habitats of Pteridophytes found were mostly terrestrial and epiphytic (34 species each), while aquatic habitat was only found to one species. The results of this study will serve as baseline information of the plant diversity in the Siberut NP that can be used as the reference for future studies on Pteridophytes and to develop their conservation strategy in the region.
Native trees in Nug-as forest Key Biodiversity Area, Cebu, Philippines Edgardo Lillo; ARCHIEBALD B. MALAKI; STEVE MICHAEL T. ALCAZAR; BERNARDO R. REDOBLADO; JOHN LOU B. DIAZ; JUANITA P. PINOTE; RAAMAH ROSALES; INOCENCIO E. BUOT JR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210930

Abstract

Abstract. Lillo EP, Malaki AB, Alcazar SMT, Redoblando BR, Diaz JLB, Pinote JP, Rosales R, Buot IE Jr. 2020. Native trees in Nug-as forest Key Biodiversity Area, Cebu, Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 4162-4167. Threatened species, by definition, have a high probability of extinction, and so each of their populations significantly contributes to their survival. This paper presents a list of threatened Native trees in Nug-as forest of the Municipality of Alcoy, Cebu. A list of indicators was used to identify the conservation status of the Native trees at the local level. A total of 135 native trees from 48 families and 105 genera were recorded. Most species belong to the families of Euphorbiaceae, Lauraceae, Moraceae, Clusiaceae, Myrtaceae, Meliaceae, Fabaceae, and Rutaceae. In this study, 62 species were categorized as threatened, and 72 species as Least Concern, while in IUCN classification 19 threatened species were recorded, and 111 taxa considered as Least Concern respectively. Using the DENR method of classification 15 threatened species were recorded, and 115 taxa considered as Not Evaluated. The Nug-as forest was degraded by illegal cutting, kaingin, hunting and charcoal making. Based from Beynen and Townsend analysis, Nug-as forest was categorized as moderately disturbed. While DENR and IUCN declaration on the status of the Philippine native trees take a very long time, threatened plant species would be gone before we know it, considering the destruction rate in the Philippines.
Short Communication: Molecular barcode and morphology analysis of Malva pseudolavatera Webb & Berthel and Malva sylvestris L. from Ecuador GLENDA SARMIENTO-TOMALÁ; Efrén Santos-Ordóñez; MIGDALIA MIRANDA-MARTÍNEZ; RICARDO PACHECO-COELLO; RAMÓN SCULL-LIZAMA; YAMILET GUTIÉRREZ-GAITÉN; RENÉ RENÉ DELGADO-HERNÁNDEZ
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210818

Abstract

Abstract. Sarmiento-Tomalá G, Santos-Ordóñez E, Miranda-Martínez M, Pacheco-Coello R, Scull-Lizama R, Gutiérrez-Gaitén Y, Delgado-Hernández R. 2020. Short Communication: Molecular barcode and morphology analysis of Malva pseudolavatera Webb & Berthel and Malva sylvestris L from Ecuador. Biodiversitas 21: 3554-3560. In Ecuador, several plant species are used in traditional medicine without a criterion of family, genera, or chemical composition. The species of the genus Malva (Malva pseudolavatera Webb & Berthel and Malva sylvestris L), introduced in Ecuador, are widely used by the population; however, unlike the species M. sylvestris, for M. pseudolavatera there is no information about its composition and properties. Plant material was collected in the province of Chimborazo in Ecuador and taxonomic classification was performed. Histological study was performed in leaves and powder drug. Molecular barcodes were generated using the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain (rbcL), maturase K (matK), internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and ITS2 sequences. Micro-morphological analysis revealed that no major structural differences were observed between the two species. Sequence analysis of molecular barcodes revealed that samples of the different species showed a close relation to each other due to the high percentage of similarity. The ITS sequences showed that the two samples correspond to different species of Malva; while for the rbcL and matK, interspecies differentiation could not be detected. Therefore, ITS could be used for interspecific analysis.
Characterization of Bacillus spp. from the rhizosphere of potato Granola varieties as an antibacterial against Ralstonia solanacearum Nur Prihatiningsih; Triwidodo Arwiyanto; Bambang Hadisutrisno; Jaka Widada
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210934

Abstract

Abstract. Prihatiningsih N, Arwiyanto T, Hadisutrisno B, Widada J. 2020. Characterization of Bacillus spp. from the rhizosphere of potato Granola varieties as an antibacterial against Ralstonia solanacearum. Biodiversitas 21: 4199-4204. Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the important wilt pathogens that significantly decreased potato yields in Indonesia. One of the strategies to control wilt disease is the use of Bacillus sp. that isolated from potato rhizosphere. Bacillus sp. is an antagonist against some phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria.   The objectives of the study were to identify 5 strains of Bacillus spp. (B46, B209, B211, B298, and B315) that is capable of suppressing the growth of R. solanacearum. Experimental assays were performed to determine the growth inhibition of R. solanacearum by culturing in a two-layer medium. The identification of Bacillus spp. was performed based on physiological and biochemical characters and molecular identification. Results showed that all of Bacillus spp. are capable of suppressing the growth of R. solanacearum. B. subtilis B315 isolate was the most effective biocontrol agent in inhibiting R. solanacearum growth by a bacteriostatic mechanism.  All Bacillus spp.  have similarities in physiological and biochemical characters. Based on the molecular analysis, Bacillus sp. B46, B209, B211, and B298 were homologous to B. subtilis subspecies spizizeni RRLKE2, whereas Bacillus sp. B315 was homologous to B. subtilis strain WIFD5. 
Screening of Burkholderia spp. from oil palm plantation with antagonistic properties against Ganoderma boninense YURNALIZA YURNALIZA; DITA ISNAINI RAMBE; LISTRA SARIMUNGGU; MEYLISA PURBA; ISNAINI NURWAHYUNI; SOVIA LENNY; ANISA LUTFIA; ADRIAN HARTANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210803

Abstract

Abstract. Yurnaliza. Rambe DI, Sarimunggu L, Purba M, Nurwahyuni I, Lenny S, Lutfia A, Hartanto A. 2020. Screening of Burkholderia spp. from oil palm plantation with antagonistic properties against Ganoderma boninense. Biodiversitas 21: 3431-3437.  Burkholderia spp. are ubiquitous diazotrophic bacteria within ?-Proteobacteria group, known for its occurrence in variety of niches from aquatic to terrestrial habitats and as endophytes. Beneficial strains of Burkholderia have been reported as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria or as antagonistic bacteria against phytopathogenic fungi. This study evaluated the potential of multiple strains of Burkholderia spp. recovered from three ecological niches, such as rhizosphere, humus soil, and root endophytes of oil palm plantations in North Sumatra to suppress the growth of basal stem rot causative agent in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) by Ganoderma boninense Pat. The antagonistic isolates were identified on the basis of molecular identification using 16S rDNA sequence (27F–1462R), revealing twelve isolates (48%) as members of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), with other minor genera, such as Chitinophaga, Klebsiella, Mycobacterium, Paenibacillus, Rhizobium, Serratia, Stenotrophomonas, and Xanthomonas. The antagonistic activities as expressed in the percentage inhibition of radial growth (PIRG) against G. boninense were considerably potential with the highest percentage of 55%. In comparison, the crude extract (MeOH, EtOAc) was also tested against G. boninense colonies showing PIRG from 0 to 38%. Majority of isolates did not show any visible chitinolytic activity based on plate assay, in exception to B. contaminans RC02 while most of them were producers of glucanase. The collection of indigenous Burkholderia spp. originating from North Sumatran oil palm plantations, i.e. B. cepacia, B. contaminans, B. metallica, and B. stagnalis may then be considered as potential biocontrol agents against G. boninense based on their antagonistic activities, antifungal properties, and hydrolytic enzyme activities.
Azolla microphylla and Pseudomonas aeruginosa for bioremediation of bioethanol wastewater Khoirul Annisa; SUTARNO SUTARNO; SLAMET SANTOSA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220425

Abstract

Abstract. Annisa K, Sutarno, Santosa S. 2021. Azolla microphylla and Pseudomonas aeruginosa for bioremediation of bioethanol wastewater. Biodiversitas 22: 1799-1805. Bioremediation is the right choice in wastewater treatment since it requires has low cost but works optimally. Azolla microphylla and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are considered to have the ability to optimize waste degradation. The aim of this study was to determine the best treatment for reducing pollutants in bioethanol waste, namely by using A. microphylla and P. aeruginosa. The twelve treatments in this experimental research included variations in the A. microphylla biomass and variations of biomass combinations with the density of the P. aeruginosa. Research method used was completely randomized design with three replications, and all 36 samples were taken on the seventh day. Research data collected were the quality parameters of bioethanol wastewater before and after the treatment. The results showed that TSS, BOD, COD were decreased during seven days of treatment, whereas pH and H2S levels were increased. The combination of 0.2 kg A. microphylla and 1010 cfu/mL P. aeruginosa showed the best result in reducing pollutants. This study showed that A. microphylla and P. aeruginosa could be used to reduce pollutants in bioethanol wastewater. Results of the research are expected to become an alternative solution to the bioethanol wastewater problem.

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