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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Genetic diversity of Sterculia quadrifida in Kupang, Indonesia based on RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers Uslan Uslan; MADE PHARMAWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210766

Abstract

Abstract. Uslan, Pharmawati M. 2020. Genetic diversity of Sterculia quadrifida in Kupang, Indonesia based on RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers. Biodiversitas 21: 3407-3414. This study aims to determine the genetic diversity of Sterculia quadrifida R.Br. in Kupang based on RAPD markers. Samples of S. quadrifida were collected from the yard and community forest in Kupang City (Sub-districts of Oebobo, Kelapa Lima, Maulafa, and Alak) and mixed forest in the Kupang District (Sub-districts of Kupang Barat, Nekamese, Taebenu, and Fatuleu). DNA was isolated by the CTAB method and amplified by six RAPD primers (OPD-11, OPF-11, UBC-106, UBC-127, UBC-250, and OPB-04). The data were analyzed in the MVSP software using UPGMA method and Nei & Li similarity coefficient. Total of 131 DNA bands ranging from 250-1400 bp was obtained. Populations of S. quadrifida in Kupang were divided into two main clusters and 12 sub-clusters with. The highest genetic diversity was found in Kelapa Lima of 0.1050, while the lowest genetic diversity was found in S. quadrifida population in Fatuleu of 0.0305. The population of S. quadrifida in Kupang has high genetic diversity and also clustered based on their geographical distribution
Exploration, phenolic content determination, and antioxidant activity of dominant pteridophytes in Gunung Malang Village, Mount Halimun Salak National Park, Indonesia RINDITA RINDITA; vivi anggia; EKA RAHMAESA; RETNA KUSUMA DEVI; LIDIA FATMAH ALAWIYAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210834

Abstract

Abstract. Rindita, Anggia V, Rahmaesa E, Devi RK, Alawiyah LF. 2020. Exploration, phenolic content determination, and antioxidant activity of dominant pteridophytes in Gunung Malang Village, Mount Halimun Salak National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3676-3682. Pteridophytes have been known to have pharmacological activities as an antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antimicrobials, and anticancer, such as Selaginella sp. In this research, exploration was conducted in Gunung Malang Village, Mount Halimun Salak National Park (TNGHS), West Java. Samples were collected by purposive sampling method, related to its abundant populations, Histiopteris incisa, Nephrolepis biserrata, and Selaginella willdenowii were collected based on different height and light intensity. Abiotic factors were measured to know their ecological requirements. Samples were extracted using ultrasonic method. Organoleptic test, yield, and phytochemical screening were done for the crudes extract. Total phenolic level was determined with Folin-Ciocalteu method and antioxidant activity test with DPPH. Phytochemical screening showed that H. incisa contains phenolics, saponins, tannins, and steroids; N. biserrata contains phenolics, flavonoids, and saponins while S. willdenowii contains phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. Phenolic content of H. incisa and N. biserrata from 700 m. asl.was 9.8523 mg GAE/g ± 0.9694 and 17.5399 mg GAE/g ± 0.5350 respectively, from 1000 m. asl. was 18.1231 mgGAE/g ±2.1535 and 8.8468 mg GAE/g ± 0.1437. S. willdenowii extract collected from shaded canopy forest was 19.2324 mg GAE/g ± 0.6041 and opened canopy forest was 38.7087 mg GAE/g ± 1.484. Antioxidant IC50 of H. incisa and N. biserrata from 700 m. asl. respectively was 96.4271 ppm and 85.1907 ppm, while from 1000 m. asl. was 75.6381 ppm and 95.0678 ppm, S. willdenowii from the closed canopy is 101.7326 ppm, while from the opened canopy was 92.0998 ppm. This study shows that all ferns tested gave significant antioxidant activity and was influenced by environmental factors.
Lipolytic bacteria and the dynamics of flavor production in Indonesian tempeh Naswandi Nur; Anja Meryandini; Maggy Thenawidjaja Suhartono; Antonius Suwanto
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210850

Abstract

Abstract. Nur N, Meryandini A, Suhartono MT, Suwanto A. 2020 Lipolytic bacteria and the dynamics of flavor production in Indonesian Tempeh. Biodiversitas 21: 3818-3825. During the process of tempeh maturation, lipolytic bacteria become an integral part of tempeh and even have important roles in determining the quality of resulting tempeh. This study was conducted to examine correlation between lipolytic bacteria which were present in three tempeh samples i.e. CMG, EMP, RTI, and their roles in liberation of free fatty acid. Lipolytic bacteria were found in each tempeh sample which were approximately 0.1 % of total bacterial population. CMG harbored the highest lipolytic bacterial population at 1.04 × 106 cfu g-1 followed by EMP at 2.88 × 105 cfu g-1, and RTI at 1.72 × 104 cfu g-1. Tempeh aroma and texture showed strong correlation between the numbers of bacterial population during the period or stages of tempeh maturation. Moreover, we also found a unique correlation between dynamic of lipolytic population and aroma changes. Free fatty acid profiling indicates that lipolysis activity was presence during fermentation of tempe where each tempeh samples showed some differences in liberation of dominant free fatty acid. 16S rRNA sequencing from a hundred of lipolytic isolates was identified and classified as member of the phylum Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, other isolates were classified as uncultured clone.
Distribution, variation, and relationship of Curcuma soloensis Valeton in Java, Indonesia based on morphological characters MUHAMAD JALIL; AZIZ PURWANTORO; BUDI SETIADI DARYONO; Purnomo PURNOMO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210856

Abstract

Abstract. Jalil M, Purwantoro A, Daryono BS, Purnomo. 2020. Distribution, variation, and relationship of Curcuma soloensis Valeton in Java, Indonesia based on morphological characters. Biodiversitas 21: 3867-3877. Curcuma soloensis Valeton (locally called temu genyeh) was a plant originating from Solomon Islands and was synonymous with Curcuma longa L. This plant was often considered to be turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) or temulawak (Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb.), because the rhizome is almost the same color. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution, variation, and relationship of C. soloensis in Java, Indonesia. Retrieval of data with exploratory roaming methods in 12 districts/cities in Java Island as a center for planting medicinal plants. Morphological character observations were made on habit, rhizome, roots, tubers, leaves, pseudo-stems, and flowers. Morphological data were analyzed by descriptive and numerical methods. Analysis of grouping with Gower Coefficients because it uses 45 binary and multistate data. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to determine the role of each character in the grouping. Cluster analysis and PCA graphics were assisted with MVSP 3.1 software. The results of the study were obtained from 25 accessions of C. soloensis in East Java (Trenggalek, Pacitan, Ponorogo), Central Java (Wonogiri, Karanganyar, Magelang, Semarang), Yogyakarta (Yogyakarta City, Bantul, Gunungkidul), and West Java (Ciamis and Tasikmalaya). The variation of C. soloensis lies in habit, stem color, leaf shape, rhizome shape, rhizome flesh color, and tuber shape. The highest abundance percentage is in Pajangan, Tirtomoyo, and Tawangmangu. The dendrogram divides 32 OTUs into two clusters on the phenon line 0.617, namely cluster A (C. zanthorrhiza) and cluster B (C. soloensis and C. longa). PCA results showed that the characters that had the most role in grouping were leaf blade color, leaf blade length, rhizome shape, root color, rhizome taste, outer and inner rhizome flesh color.
Resistance level of several soybean lines of M6 generation to stem rot disease Athelia rolfsii Diana Sofia Hanafiah; IRDA SAFNI; LUTHFI A.M. SIREGAR; REVANDY I.M. DAMANIK; ANGGRIA LESTAMI; MIKA MATONDANG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211010

Abstract

Abstract. Hanafiah DS, Safni I, Siregar LAM, Famanik RIM, Lestmi A, Matondang M. 2020. Resistance level of several soybean lines of M6 generation to stem rot disease Athelia rolfsii. Biodiversitas 21: 4537-4542.  Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) C.C. Tu & Kimbr. is a soil-borne pathogen that causes stem rot disease on plants. The attack is one of the causes of low soybean productivity hence induction of plant resistance is needed to overcome these problems. Mutagenesis is one of the breeding techniques for inducing genetic variability especially for disease-resistant characters in soybean. This research aimed to obtain selected soybean plant lines (Glycine max L. Merr) of M6 generation based on resistant character against stem rot disease A. rolfsii. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Disease and research field of Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia and soybean planting was carried out on agricultural field, Universitas Sumatera Utara from March to September 2018. This research used augmented design. The treatments were 8 mutant genotypes derived from radiation mutagenesis, that is; Anjasmoro, Argomulyo, and Kipas Putih varieties.  The results showed that the analysis of resistant levels on M6 generation based on disease incidence resulted in 2 lines with resistant criteria to stem rot disease A. rolfsii, that is; M100A25 (5/3) and M200A11 (32/3). Observation of intensity of disease attacks showed that Anjasmoro, Argomulyo, M100A6 (31/1), and M200A12 (6/5) had the lowest resistance level compared to other genotypes. The mutant lines that had high category level of resistance are candidates for resistance lines against stem rot disease A. rolfsii.
Ultrastructure of Lejeunea spp. leaves surface in a lowland tropical urban forest of Universitas Indonesia Campus, Depok, Indonesia Afiatry Putrika; Dhita Mutiara Nabella; Andi Salamah; Nisyawati NISYAWATI; Astari Dwiranti
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210932

Abstract

Abstract. Putrika A, Nabella DM, Salamah A, Nisyawati, Dwiranti A. 2020. Ultrastructure of Lejeunea spp. leaves surface in a lowland tropical urban forest of Universitas Indonesia Campus, Depok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4184-4191. Lejeunea is one of liverworts genera that have a wide distribution in the world. It has many variations of the character that have not been revealed, such as variations of the cell surface. The purpose of this research was to study the ultrastructure of Lejeunea spp. leaves surface in a lowland tropical urban forest of Universitas Indonesia (UI) Campus, Depok, Indonesia. Six species of Lejeunea spp. were studied, i.e., L. anisophylla, L. cocoes, L. exilis, L. papilionacea, L. catanduana, and L. curviloba. The research methods carried out in this study consisted of the sample observation using a light microscope, sample preparation for Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) observation (fixation, post-fixation, dehydration, drying, mounting), and observations using SEM. The results of observation using a light microscope showed the smooth cell surface of all samples studied. Meanwhile, the differences between six species of Lejeunea in the UI campus could be differentiated under SEM. L. catanduana could be distinguished from other species from its cell wall thickness and texture, ornamentation types, and the number of ornamentations per cell. The texture of the cell wall of L. catanduana was the roughest than the other species due to abundant ornamentation such as papillae on its the cell wall surface. Furthermore, only this species has mamillae on the cell surface. The number of papillae or mamillae was 1-4 per cell. On the other hand, L. cocoes has the thinnest cell wall and slightly rough texture. Only this species has the simple papillae on the cell surface. Thus, the results of this study suggested that the cell surface variations in Lejeunea might be potential to be used as taxonomic characters in grouping species.
Short Communication: Composition of terpenoid compounds in essential oils extracted from stems of eight Piper species and their role in taxonomic relationships Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho; ELIZABETH CINDY LEXINTA; YOSEP PRIYONO; RATNA SUSANDARINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210804

Abstract

Abstract. Nugroho LH, Lexinta EC, Priyono Y, Susandarini R. 2020. Short Communication: Composition of terpenoid compounds in essential oils extracted from stems of eight Piper species and their role in taxonomic relationships. Biodiversitas 21: 3438-3443. Piper is widely used as source of essential oils from which many bioactive compounds with medicinal properties were used in traditional medicine. The objectives of this study were to explore the chemical composition of essential oils of eight Piper species and to identify its role in determining taxonomic relationships. Chemical composition of essential oils was analyzed using GC-MS analysis on petroleum ether extracts from stems of eight Piper species, while taxonomic relationship was determined using cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Results showed that 21 terpenoid compounds were identified as constituents of the essential oils, consisted of 4 monoterpenes, 14 sesquiterpenes, and 3 diterpenes. The composition of essential oils varied between species. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis showed that differences in the composition of essential oil compounds determined the grouping of species into two clusters. Five compounds were identified as having major role in the grouping of species. These compounds were ?-selinene, ?-caryophyllene, ?-caryophyllene, farnesyl acetone, and ?-amorphene. The results of this study offer opportunities for the use of Piper stems as source of essential oils. This study also confirms the interspecies variability in composition of essential oils, and at the same time supports the use of essential oils in chemotaxonomic studies.
Short Communication: Effectiveness of nuclear gene in species and subspecies determination of captive orangutans MUHAMMAD NURISMADEE ABDUL-MANAN; MOHD-RIDWAN ABD RAHMAN; NOR AIFAT RAHMAN; NUR AZIMAH OSMAN; MUHAMMAD ABDUL-LATIFF ABU BAKAR; SABAPATHY DHARMALINGAM; BADRUL MUNIR MD ZAIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210832

Abstract

Abstract. Abdul-Manan MN, Mohd-Ridwan AR, Aifat NR, Osman NA, Abdul-Latiff MA, Dharmalingam S, Md-Zain BM. 2020. Short Communication: Effectiveness of nuclear gene in species and subspecies determination of captive orangutans. Biodiversitas 21: 3665-3669. Genetic identification of captive orangutans is of paramount importance in providing a correct identity that is essential for captive management. Thus, the utility of nuclear DNA sequences was tested in this study to identify the genetic identity of captive orangutans at Bukit Merah Orang Utan Island. Out of 24 DNA samples that were successfully extracted, only 10 orangutan samples were successfully sequenced for the von Willebrand factor (vWF) gene. From the results, this gene was able to separate the genus Pongo at the species level. Distance and character analyses indicated that a clear separation between P. pygmaeus and P. abelii at the species level. However, the degree of separation at species level was indicated in tree topology with moderate bootstrap values. At the subspecies level of P. pygmaeus, this gene was unable to show a clear separation between three Bornean subspecies. All the subspecies were formed clade together with each other. The vMF gene is a good nuclear gene for the study of phylogenetic relationships of orangutans in captivity at the species level, but the genetic identification at subspecies level in the genus level remains unclear. We suggest that future studies should involve multiple independent nuclear markers to increase the probability of getting reliable results.
Molecular characteristics of two phenotypically identical species of Asteraceae based on the intergenic spacer trnT(UGU)-trnL(UAA) AGUS HERY SUSANTO; Murni Dwiati; Salabila Pratiwi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211122

Abstract

Abstract. Susanto AH, Dwiati M, Pratiwi S. 2020. Molecular characteristics of two phenotypically identical species of Asteraceae based on the intergenic spacer trnT(UGU)-trnL(UAA). Biodiversitas 21: 5164-5169. Ogiera (Eleutheranthera ruderalis) and nodeweed (Synedrella nodiflora) are two different weed species belonging to the family Asteraceae commonly found in tropical regions. At a glance, both species show highly identical morphology, thus leading to difficulty in distinguishing between them. Therefore, molecular data based on particular markers are required. Here, we use an intergenic spacer (IGS) in the cpDNA, i.e., trnT(UGU)-trnL(UAA), as the molecular marker to reveal the difference between the two species. A pair of PCR universal primers, i.e., B48557 as the forward primer and A49291 as the reverse primer, were employed to amplify the marker. Sequence alignment was performed by the use of ClustalW implemented in Bioedit version 7.0.4.1. The results revealed that some differences with respect to both indel and base substitution were observed. Overall, this led to longer IGS trnT(UGU)-trnL(UAA) sequences of E. ruderalis than those of S. nodiflora. Although no direct relationship between the genetic and phenotypic dissimilarities was proven, coincidence seemed likely to exist. This provides molecular evidence that the two phenotypically similar species are genetically different from each other.
Ecological sustainability of rice farms in Siak District, Riau, Indonesia RACHMIWATI YUSUF; Usman M. Tang; Rahman Karnila; Indra Fuadi; Usman Pato
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210847

Abstract

Abstract. Yusuf R, Tang UM, Karnila R, Fuadi I, Pato U. 2020. Ecological sustainability of rice farms in Siak District, Riau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3797-3804. The research was conducted in Siak District, Riau Province, Indonesia from January to July 2018 in the four subdistricts of rice production centers. The purpose of this study was to identify the ecological conditions of rice farming, analyze the index and ecological sustainability status of lowland rice farming, and analyze the role of each ecological attribute that will have sensitivity to the management of wetland rice in the development of rice farming in the Siak District in the near future. There were 203 sample farmers selected by purposive sampling. Data collection was done by interview and field observation. The sustainability was analyzed using the Rap-Rice method with Multidimensional Scaling (MDS). The results of the Rap-Rice analysis of eight ecological attributes were analyzed; five attributes provided high sensitivity for Sungai Mandau, and three attributes provided high sensitivity for the subdistricts of Bunga Raya, Sabak Auh, and Sungai Apit. Attributes that provided high sensitivity for all subdistricts were attributes of land suitability with land use plans and land conversion rates. The average attributes of ownership of the farm area provided high sensitivity for only three subdistricts (Sabak Auh, Sungai Apit, Sungai Mandau). Based on ecological conditions, analysis of wetland rice farming in Siak District showed a sustainable category for Bunga Raya (56.10%), Sabak Auh (52.80%), and Sungai Mandau (54.90%) and less sustainability for Sungai Apit (48.80%).

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