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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Dietary enrichment with Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acid (HUFA) during rearing phase of Nereis virens: growth performance, fatty and amino acid VIVI ENDAR HERAWATI; SETO WINDARTO; M. ARFAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240721

Abstract

Abstract. Herawati VE, Windarto S, Arfan M. 2023. Dietary enrichment with Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acid (HUFA) during the rearing phase of marine worms (Nereis virens) in growth performance, fatty acid profiles, and amino acid profiles. Biodiversitas 24: 3828-3834. Nereis virens is a species of marine worm that belongs to Polychaeta. Nereis virens is often utilized as a natural feed for shrimp broodstock related to its main content of fatty acids to accelerate gonad maturity. The enrichment of Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acid (HUFA) is thought to stimulate diet protein and support growth, survival, and nutritional content. This study aimed to discover and examine the growth performance, amino acid profile, and fatty acid profile of N. virens in the rearing stage with a HUFA-enriched diet. The research was conducted from May to September 2022 at MSTP (Marine Science Techno Park ) Jepara. The experimental animals used were 45 marine worms per rearing container, weighing 14-16g/container. The research method is experimental, with a completely randomized design (CRD) of 4 treatments and 3 replicates. The treatments in this study consisted of a commercial diet without the HUFA (A), with the enrichment of 0.50 ml HUFA (B), 1 ml HUFA (C), and 1.50 ml HUFA (D). The results showed that diets with the enrichment with HUFA had a significant effect (P<0.05) on Absolute Growth (Ag); Relative Growth Rate (RGR); Efficiency of Feed Utilization (EFU), Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) and no significant effect (P>0.05) on SR. The highest RGR, EFU, PER, and SR values were in the treatment with the enrichment with 1.50 ml HUFA (D) with the following values of 5.77 ± 0.20g/day, 85.20 ± 2.75g, 2.05 ± 0.08%, and 100 ± 0.00%. Nutritional quality based on proximate protein and fatty acid fat results were highest in the enrichment treatment with 1.50 ml HUFA (D), 53.80% protein and 19.67% fat. The highest amino acid and fatty acid profiles in the same treatment were 41.15 ppm and 6.60% EPA.
Ant preference for different types of bait at sugarcane plantations in East Java, Indonesia BAMBANG TRI RAHARDJO; FAIZ NASHIRUDDIN MUHAMMAD; YOGO SETIAWAN; AKSHA FEBRYADI; MUHAMMAD IHSAN; DENNIS WIBOWO; ITO FERNANDO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240420

Abstract

Abstract. Rahardjo BT, Muhammad FN, Setiawan Y, Febryadi A, Ihsan M, Wibowo D, Fernando I. 2023. Ant preference for different types of bait at sugarcane plantations in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24:2099-2106. The occurrence of ants is important in agroecosystems since they may provide both ecosystem services or disservices depending on the species composition. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the kind of ant species that are present in agroecosystems. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of three types of bait to measure ant abundance and diversity in sugarcane plantations. This research was conducted from July to September 2022 in four locations in East Java, Indonesia, i.e., Karangploso, Kalipare, Gandusari, and Pasirian. At each location, one plot was determined and divided into nine subplots. Ant sampling was conducted using modified pitfall traps that may contain one type of bait or without bait as control treatment. There were three types of assayed bait, i.e., tuna, eggs, and sugar. Nine traps for each treatment were installed in each location. This study obtained 6,650 individual ants from 20 morphospecies, 16 genera, and 4 subfamilies. At each location, species richness and abundance were not significantly different among bait types. However, those variables differed between the bait groups and the control. Tuna and egg baits were preferred by ants, as indicated by the higher number of trapped individuals than in sugar bait and the control traps. The species composition of the different baits was different at all locations except Kalipare. Each ant species had a different preference for the type of bait. Formicine ants preferred sugar bait, while ponerine ants preferred tuna and egg baits. Hence, it can be concluded that the bait type selection needs to be considered for ant monitoring. Therefore, using various types of baits is recommended to monitor the assemblage of ants in an ecosystem.
Revealing genetic diversity of wild Phalaenopsis orchids in Thailand through Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA markers SUREEPORN KATE-NGAM; CHATCHAWAN JANTASURIYARAT; PATCHAREE LAKOTE; THIN PROMCHOT; CHANTAMART CHUEAKAEW
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241023

Abstract

Abstract. Kate-ngam S, Jantasuriyarat C, Lakote P, Promchot T, Chueakaew C. 2023. Revealing genetic diversity of wild Phalaenopsis orchids in Thailand through Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA markers. Biodiversitas 24: 5409-5417. Wild Phalaenopsis orchids are widely distributed in Thailand, especially along the banks of the Mekong River. The tremendous decrease in the population of these orchids is a matter of concern for maintaining and preventing genetic loss in the natural ecosystem. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of 50 wild Phalaenopsis accessions collected from the northeastern of Thailand using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The 204 polymorphic bands generated from 27 RAPD primers were employed for fingerprinting these orchid accessions. Dice’s similarity coefficients ranged from 0.43 to 0.98, with an average of 0.65. In general, a dendrogram constructed based on the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) grouped these wild Phalaenopsis accessions into two clusters, namely P. pulcherrima and P. ubonensis clusters. The UPGMA clustering pattern and principal component analysis (PCA) corresponded well with their morphological classification and ploidy level. Our results suggest that this wild Phalaenopsis orchid exhibits a moderate level of relatedness. This might be a consequence of habitat destruction and human over-exploitation which limit gene flow and cause genetic drift among populations. The present finding supports the urgent need for a systematic conservation effort of this orchid species in Thailand.
The potential of five wild growing aromatic plants from Hemaq Beniung Customary Forest on antidiabetic activity HARLINDA KUSPRADINI; AGMI SINTA PUTRI; KISWANTO KISWANTO; HAYATUS SA’ADAH; FAJRIANSYAH FAJRIANSYAH; MUHAMMAD AKMAL RIZQULLAH; ANISA GIFTA LARASATI; NAJMIA AFIFAH ZULFA; SAAT EGRA; KOSEI YAMAUCHI; TOHRU MITSUNAGA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240427

Abstract

Abstract. Kuspradini H, Putri AS, Kiswanto, Sa’adah H, Fajriansyah, Rizqullah MA, Larasati AG, Zulfa NA, Egra S, Yamauchi K, Mitsunaga T. 2023. The potential of five wild growing aromatic plants from Hemaq Beniung Customary Forest on antidiabetic activity. Biodiversitas 24: 2156-2162. Several aromatic plants have been used for millennia across the globe for their hyperglycemic properties. The in vitro inhibitory activity of extracts from Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC., Cinnamomum parthenoxylon (Jack) Meisn., Clausena excavata Burm.fil., Neouvaria acuminatissima (Miq.) AiryShaw, and Piper porphyrophyllum N.E.Br. were tested. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical constituent, total phenolic and flavonoid content of five aromatic plant extracts obtained from West Kutai, East Kalimantan as well as the antioxidant and antidiabetic activity via in vitro assays. Assays for total phenol and flavonoid content were based on Follin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride reagents, respectively. In this study, the antidiabetic activity was determined by measuring the inhibitory activity of ?-glucosidase enzyme, while the in vitro antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH scavenger method. The order of inhibition of DPPH free radical was P. porphyrophyllum ethanol extract > N. acuminatissima ethanol extract > B. balsamifera ethyl acetate extract, which was found to be directly proportional to their total phenolic content. On the other hand, the order of inhibition of ?-glucosidase enzyme was found to be N. acuminatissima ethanol extract > C. parthenoxylon ethanol extract > N. acuminatissima ethyl acetate extract. Out of the 10 extracts studied, only 3 showed inhibition activity on ?-glucosidase. These findings indicate the aromatic plant extract's potential as a natural therapy for preventing and treating carbohydrate metabolic problems. As a result, the N. acuminatissima ethanol extract, which exhibits both antidiabetic and antioxidant activity, can be used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of functional foods and herbal medicines. This is our first report on N. acuminatissima as an antioxidant and antidiabetic agent.
Habitat preference of leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis Kerr. 1792) in the Cisokan Hydropower Development Area, West Java, Indonesia SYA SYA SHANIDA; ERRI NOVIAR MEGANTARA; TEGUH HUSODO; ASEP ZAINAL MUTAQIN; DWI RUSTAM KENDARTO; INDRI WULANDARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240442

Abstract

Abstract. Shanida SS, Megantara EN, Husodo T, Mutaqin AZ, Kendarto DR, Wulandari I. 2023.Habitat preference of leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis Kerr. 1792) in the Cisokan Hydropower Development Area, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2284-2293. Leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensisKerr. 1792) can occupy various habitats, including degraded and human-modified landscapes such as agricultural lands, plantations, and settlements. Nonetheless, there is little information about their responses to infrastructure development impacts the habitat preference of leopard cats. This study aims to reveal the habitat preferences of leopard cats in the Upper Cisokan Pumped Storage (UCPS) hydropower development area, Cianjur Regency and West Bandung Regency, West Java. Direct observation was conducted to collect habitat preference in terms of biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic parameters and analyzed using Vanderploeg and Scavia's Resource Selection Index (VSI). The results showed that in term of biotic factors, leopard cats preferred natural forests, shrubs, and rice fields; tree canopy area of ??51%-75%, tree DBH >20 cm, tree height 0-5 m and 11-15 m, and tree density of 0-20 trees. Leopard cats preferred 76%-100% shrubs canopy; ground-plant cover of 26%-75% with withered grass cover of 76%-100%. According to their abiotic factors, leopard cats preferred habitats with north and south, gentle, and lower slopes. The leopard cats also preferred habitat with wet soil. In term of anthropogenic factors, leopard cats preferred habitat close to water sources (<500 m). Leopard cats chose habitats with moderate distances (500 m-1000 m) from anthropogenic disturbances with weak intensity. Agricultural activities could affect its habitat preference directly. Leopard cats were found at various levels of disturbance in human-modified lands, such as rice fields and shrublands. Since the main prey is cosmopolitan animals, as long as there is human-modified land, prey availability will remain guaranteed. Although the leopard cat can tolerate anthropogenic disturbances, there is little information on the direct impact of construction activities on this population, so further research is needed to observe their population and habitat in the construction area.
Association of g.331T>C and g.1909T>C locus in KISS1 gene with fecundity traits of Kacang and Boerka goats MASKUR MASKUR; RAHMA JAN; LESTARI LESTARI; TAPAUL ROZI; MUHAMMAD MUHSININ
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240929

Abstract

Abstract. Maskur, Jan R, Lestari, Rozi T, Muhsinin M. 2023. Association of g.331T>C and g.1909T>C locus in KISS1 gene with fecundity traits of Kacang and Boerka goats. Biodiversitas 24: 4870-4876. The neuropeptide kisspeptin encodes the KISS1 gene and is crucial for reproductive system signals. This study aimed to identify polymorphisms of fecundity genes by observing candidate genes for prolific traits, namely the KISS1 gene (exon 1 and intron 1), and their relationship with litter size in Kacang and Boerka goats (Capra aegagrus hircus). The total sample used was 211 female goats. The stages of the research included DNA extraction, PCR amplification and genotyping. The association of KISS1 gene genotypes with litter size traits in Kacang goats and Boerka was analyzed using the SAS 9.1.3 software with General Linear Model (GLM) procedure. The results showed that the g.331T>C locus of the KISS1 exon 1 gene was monomorphic in all Kacang and Boerka goats populations. The locus g.1909T>C of the KISS1 intron 1 gene was polymorphic in all Kacang and Boerka goats populations. The locus g.1909T>C of the KISS1 intron 1 gene found three genotypes (TT, AT, AA). The frequency of allele T (0.775 and 0.815) was higher than allele A (0.225 and 0.185) in all Kacang and Boerka goats populations. The association of TT and AT genotypes with litter size significantly differed from that of the AA genotype in the Kacang goat. Meanwhile, in the Boerka goat, the TT genotype significantly differed from the AT and AA genotypes. The goat KISS1 gene polymorphism is critical to reproductive function and may be a reproductive characteristic marker.
Heavy metal content in duck eggs and meat that consumes feed containing Sapu-sapu fish (Hypostomus plecostomus) ASNAWI ASNAWI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240613

Abstract

Abstract. Asnawi. 2023. Heavy metal content in duck eggs and meat that consumes feed containing Sapu-sapu fish (Hypostomus plecostomus). Biodiversitas 24: 3201-3206. This study aimed to evaluate heavy metals in the eggs and meat of ducks feeding on the Sapu-sapu fish (Hypostomus plecostomus Linnaeus, 1758) on Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The observation of collected Sapu-sapu fish samples from three major Mataram rivers. Duck eggs and meat were collected from a livestock group that fed Sapu-sapu fish. The observed variables include; macronutrients (moisture content, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and ash) and heavy metal content (Cu and Pb) in the Sapu-sapu fish, duck meat and eggs fed by Sapu-sapu fish. The study found that the Sapu-sapu fish possesses complete macronutrients, making it a possible duck feed. The heavy metal content of copper (Cu) in the Sapu-sapu fish ranges from 189.314±0.0238 ppm, while the lead (Pb) content ranges from 4.25±0.18 ppm. The average heavy metal content of Cu in the eggs and meat of ducks consuming Sapu-sapu fish was 7.692±2.158 ppm and 14.523±6.481 ppm, while the levels of lead in eggs and meat of cesarean fish were 0.936±1.557 ppm 0.373±0.211 ppm. The study concluded that the Sapu-sapu fish in the Mataram city stream has a complete nutritional content (protein, fat, amino acids, minerals) but contains high heavy metals. Therefore, if consumed, ducks dispose of it into the eggs and duck meat. As a result, the eggs and meat of ducks that consume sapu-sapu fish contain heavy metals Cu and Pb that exceed the threshold, so they are unsafe for human consumption.
Interrelationship between number of flowers, fruits, and cucumber production (Cucumis sativus) grown on a mixture of soil and chicken manure YUSUF LA’LANG LIMBONGAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240641

Abstract

Abstract. Limbongan YL. 2023. Interrelationship between number of flowers, fruits, and cucumber production (Cucumis sativus) grown on a mixture of soil and chicken manure. Biodiversitas 24: 3448-3453. This study aimed to determine the effect on the relationship between the number of flowers, fruits formed and the production of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in chicken manure-supplemented soil. The research was conducted from June to August 2022 in Tikala Village, Tikala Sub-district, North Toraja District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, at an altitude of 866.9 m above sea level with climate type B (Schmidt and Ferguson) and was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The treatment used chicken manure at five levels, namely, control, 100 g, 200 g, 300 g, and 400 g chicken manure per plant. The results showed that the application of chicken manure at different doses gave different responses to the growth and production of cucumbers. A dose of 400 g/plant is the best treatment to increase the number of flowers, number of fruits, size, and production of the fruit up to 54 days after planting, with a fruit weight of 2.69 kg per plot or 17.93-ton ha?1. The number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit diameter, and fruit length had linear responses and a significant positive correlation with the production of cucumbers.
Molecular studies of coralberry (Ardisia crenata Sims; Primulaceae) from Thailand based on SCoT markers SUPARMAN SUPARMAN; PIMWADEE PORNPONGRUNGRUENG; PRANOM CHANTARANOTHAI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240611

Abstract

Abstract. Suparman S, Pornpongrungrueng P, Chantaranothai P. 2023. Molecular studies of coralberry (Ardisia crenata Sims; Primulaceae) from Thailand based on SCoT markers. Biodiversitas 24: 3183-3189. A coralberry (Ardisia crenataSims) is the most common species of Ardisia Sw. distributed widely in Thailand. The grouping of the species for intraspecific based on morphometric characters was unstable. Some molecular primers were used by researchers to separate species. In this molecular study, six selected SCoT of 36 primers, i.e., primers no. 13, 14, 15, 19, 20, and 21, displayed high polymorphic and resolving power in A. crenata from 14 different natural populations in Thailand. This marker separated all taxa into two groups from different floristic regions. In contrast, this result did not support the classification of the intraspecific level of A. crenata based on continued morphological characteristics. For the conclusion that this study was recorded as the first one using the SCoT marker on the Ardisiaand the primer worked well in A. crenata and was recommended for other species in Ardisia.
Anticandidal and antioxidant potencies of endophytic fungi associated with Tinospora crispa AHMAD FATHONI; SUMI HUDIYONO; ANTONIUS HERRY CAHYANA; MUHAMMAD ILYAS; ISMU PURNANINGSIH; ANDRIA AGUSTA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240506

Abstract

Abstract. Fathoni A, Hudiyono S, Cahyana AH, Ilyas M, Purnaningsih I, Agusta A. 2023. Anticandidal and antioxidant potencies of endophytic fungi associated with Tinospora crispa. Biodiversitas 24: 2547-2555. Natural products including endophytic fungi, have opportunities for medicinal uses as anticandidal and antioxidant agents. This study aimed to investigate the anticandidal and antioxidant activities of endophytic fungi isolated from Brotowali (Tinospora crispa (L.) Miers ex Hook.fil. & Thomson) using disc diffusion, thin layer chromatography (TLC) dot-blot, and microdilution methods. Eighty extracts were screened for anticandidal activity against Candida albicans (C.P.Robin) Berkhout and antioxidants against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals. Disc diffusion results showed that 38 endophytic fungi had an anticandidal activity with an inhibition zone diameter (IZD) of 7.00±00 to 18.1± 0.29 mm and 4 extracts with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 32-64 µg/mL (strong, MIC<100). The TLC dot-blot results showed that 23 extracts had antioxidant activity and 8 extracts were very strong with an inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) values of 7.76±0.77 to 25.54±1.37 µg/mL, while the antioxidant activity index (AAI) values ranged from 2.01±0.10 to 6.64±0.63 (very strong, AAI>2). Results of the Pearson correlations coefficient between the total phenolic content (TPC) value and AAI value, revealed that there was a low correlation, while the correlation of IZD and MIC as anticandidal has a moderate negative (the r value 0.332, and -0.673, respectively (P<0.01). Purification of bioactive compounds is necessary, and endophytic fungi associated with T. crispa can serve as a potential source of natural antioxidants and anticandidal agents.

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