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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Population structure and exploitation rate of striped snakehead (Channa striata) in Kawunganten Swamp, Cilacap, Indonesia: Important for fisheries management NUNING SETYANINGRUM; SUGIHARTO SUGIHARTO; PRIYO SUSATYO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 7 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250747

Abstract

Abstract. Setyaningrum N, Sugiharto, Susatyo P. 2024. Population structure and exploitation rate of striped snakehead (Channa striata) in Kawunganten Swamp, Cilacap, Indonesia: Important for fisheries management. Biodiversitas 25: 3255-3263. Snakehead (Channa striata) is a swamp fish spread in almost all Indonesian waters and has a high economic value. In addition, Bringkeng, Grugu, and Babakan Villages are included in Kawunganten Swamp areas with good fishing potential. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the population structure and the exploitation rate of Channa striata in Kawunganten Swamp Cilacap, Indonesia. The survey method with purposive random sampling was used and this study was conducted from April to July 2020. The fish samples were collected from three Bringkeng, Grugu, and Babakan Swamp stations, while the variables examined were abundance and rate of exploitation. The parameters measured included the length of Channa striata as well as the growth and mortality rate in each swamp. Abundance was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, and exploitation rate was assessed with Pauly's model using FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tools II (FISAT II). The results showed that the highest abundance of Channa striata was in Bringkeng station, three times higher than in Babakan station. Bringkeng and Babakan stations were considered a fish-rearing swamp due to the dominance of adolescence-sized samples. Grugu was identified as the breeding area because many of the fish present were in the reproductive phase. Estimated growth parameters showed a maximum length (L?) of 35.18 cm, while exploitation rate of 0.28 was not considered excessive capture. Efforts to manage Channa striata were important to preserving biodiversity and ensuring the sustainability of Kawunganten Swamp ecosystem for future generations.
Diversity and foraging activity of coffee insect pollinators in land near and far from the forest of North Sumatra, Indonesia RIKA ROULINA SINAGA; NINA MARYANA; PURNAMA HIDAYAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250127

Abstract

Abstract. Sinaga RR, Maryana N, Hidayat P. 2024. Diversity and foraging activity of coffee insect pollinators in land near and far from the forest of North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 240-248. Coffee (Coffea spp.) is among the plant species that depend on insects to aid in its pollination process, where insect pollinators serve as intermediaries facilitating plant pollination. This study examined the diversity, abundance, and visiting activity of insect pollinators in coffee cultivation located in different areas, specifically those near the forest and those far from the forest in Simalungun District, North Sumatra. The study was carried out from September 2022 to February 2023 in six coffee cultivation sites spread across four sub-districts in Simalungun District, i.e., Silimakuta, Pematang Silimakuta, Purba, and Dolok Silau. The study's results revealed the presence of 16 species of insect pollinators in coffee cultivation near the forest and 13 species in those located far from the forest. The identified insect pollinators species were from Order Hymenoptera; Apis cerana, Lasioglossum sp., Dolichovespula norvegicoides, Diptera; Stomorhina discolor, Musca domestica, Bactrocera papayae, Nephrotoma flavescens, Episyrphus viridaureus, Oebalia sp., Coleoptera; Pachnaeus sp., Cantharis sp., Scarabaeidae sp 1., Maladera japonica, Lepidoptera; Agrotis segetum, Bradina diagonalis, and Nyctemera baulus. Notably, the abundance of coffee insect pollinators was more pronounced in close proximity to the forest compared to areas far from the forest. Regarding the visiting duration of these insects, S. discolor exhibited the longest visit duration of 76.46±1.19 seconds per flower, and the shortest duration in A. cerana was recorded at 8.35±0.23 seconds per flower.
Short Communication: Analysis of simple sequence repeats variations for the assessment of genotypic diversity in Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. ANSHARY MARUZY; RATNA SUSANDARINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250233

Abstract

Abstract. Maruzy A, Susandarini R. 2024. Short Communication: Analysis of simple sequence repeats variations for the assessment of genotypic diversity in Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Biodiversitas 25: 734-740. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. is a perennial plant widely known as herbal ingredient in traditional and modern medicine, as well as in the cosmetics industry. This herbaceous species grows in various types of habitat, and is known for its morphological variations among populations, indicating the existence of genotypic variation. In this study, the assessment of genotypic diversity using simple sequence repeats (SSR) was carried out on C. asiatica accessions from 32 populations collected from eight mountains in Central Java. Representative individuals from four populations grow at different altitudes were sampled in each mountain. Amplification of genomic DNA using the SSR primer mCaCIR002 produced a single amplicon of 180 bp. The results of SSR analysis showed that there is high genotypic diversity in C. asiatica which is characterized by variations in the number of microsatellite repeats of (CT)10 to (CT)19. Variations in the number of repeats are mainly caused by insertions and deletions in DNA sequences at the positions 102-145. Haplotype analysis also showed high genetic diversity within and between populations of C. asiatica, indicated by the haplotype diversity of 1.00 in all populations. The haplotype network analysis indicated that there was no gene flow between the four populations at each mountain where C. asiatica populations grow. The results of this study provide evidence for the role of SSR as a suitable molecular marker for studying genotypic diversity at the intraspecific level, and confirming the morphological variability in this species.
Bird communities in the tropical peri-urban landscape of Bogor, Indonesia SEPTIAN PUTRA ADI NUGROHO; ANI MARDIASTUTI; YENI ARYATI MULYANI; DEDE AULIA RAHMAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241260

Abstract

Abstract. Nugroho SPA, Mardiastuti A, Mulyani YA, Rahman DA. 2023. Bird communities in the tropical peri-urban landscape of Bogor, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6988-7000. Amidst the urbanization threat, peri-urban landscapes can play an important role in biodiversity conservation, particularly among birds. Therefore, to study species and functional diversity of bird communities in the tropical peri-urban landscape, we observed four habitat types (forest, plantation, built-up area, and farmland) in the Ciampea-Dramaga Landscape, Bogor, Indonesia, from September to December 2020 and September to December 2021. A standard point method was used to observe birds, and several diversity indices were used for data analysis. Altogether, we recorded 11,290 individual birds of 61 species and 33 families. The species diversity tended to be higher in the increasing habitat succession stages. Forest had the highest species diversity (H?=3.17), followed by plantation (H?=2.87), built-up area (H?=2.54), and farmland (H?=2.23). Meanwhile, functional diversity revealed that all feeding guilds can be observed in the forest. The species richness of frugivore-insectivores dominated all habitats, and their abundance are also dominated in forest and plantation habitats. In contrast, granivores dominated farmland, and fly-catching insectivores dominated built-up areas. Due to its relatively high bird diversity in the study area, it needed to be conserved, including habitat management at the landscape scale, strengthening policies and conservation actions, and raising public awareness.
Surface runoff in varying forest cover types in Jangkok Watershed, Lombok Island, Indonesia MARKUM MARKUM; FIRMAN ALI RAHMAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250235

Abstract

Abstract. Markum, Rahman FA. 2024. Surface runoff in varying forest cover types in Jangkok Watershed, Lombok Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 753-761. Forests in the Jangkok Watershed play an important role in controlling ecological functions and hydrological cycles in Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. This research aims to evaluate the amount of surface runoff in the Jangkok Watershed by looking at various types of forest cover, namely Primary Forest (PF), Disturbed Forest (DF), Candlenut Agroforestry (CA), Mahogany Woodlot (MW), Multistrata Agroforestry (MA) and Simple Agroforestry (SA). The research area was located at altitudes between 250-650 meters above sea level with a slope of 7-43%. Data collected on each type of forest cover included: vegetation characteristics, surface runoff, slope and rainfall. The result shows vegetation cover in the studied area varies from moderate to very dense with coverage ranging from 50-90%. The vegetation in PF, DF and MA are characterized by very diverse vegetation, while that in UM, CA and SA it is quite homogeneous. The amount of Surface runoff coefficient varies across forest cover types with PF being the lowest (0.6-1.4%), followed by DF (0.6-1.7%), MA (0.6-1.7%), MW (0.6-2.1%), SA (1.0-2.2%) and CA (1.8-4.3%). Factors that are considered influential in determining the magnitude of surface runoff at the research location are the physical properties of the soil, rainfall intensity, vegetation type, structure and density, and land slope. The findings of this study suggest that more complex vegetation has important role in minimizing surface runoff, highlighting the importance of preserving and protecting this forest type to maintain hydrological function of watershed.
Agricultural landscape composition alters ant communities in maize fields more than plant diversity enrichment DESI NATALIA PASARIBU; AKHMAD RIZALI; HAGUS TARNO; WINDRA PRIAWANDIPUTRA; MIDZON JOHANNIS; DAMAYANTI BUCHORI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250123

Abstract

Abstract. Pasaribu DN, Rizali A, Tarno H, Priawandiputra W, Johannis M, Buchori D. 2024. Agricultural landscape composition alters ant communities in maize fields more than plant diversity enrichment. Biodiversitas 25: 205-213. Fragmented natural habitats in human-modified landscapes play a crucial role in conserving biodiversity. Ants, as keystone species, are integral to terrestrial ecosystems, making it essential to comprehend the factors influencing their survival. This study investigates the impact of agricultural landscape composition and plant diversity enrichment (flowering plants) management on shaping ant communities in maize (Zea mays L.) fields. The research occurred in maize fields surrounded by other crops, semi-natural habitats, and housing areas in Malang District, East Java, Indonesia. The four agricultural areas were divided into control and treatment plots, considering landscape composition parameters, particularly Class Area (CA) and the Number of Patches (NP), measured within a 500 m radius. The landscape around the maize fields was characterized by manually digitizing land use. Six types of plant diversity enrichment were employed in this study: wild cosmos (Cosmos caudatus), white buttercup (Turnera subulata), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), long bean (Vigna unguiculata), ornamental bean (Arachis pintoi), and coral vine (Antigonon leptopus). The study was divided into the dry season (April-July 2022) and the wet season (September-December 2022). Ant sampling was conducted using pitfall traps and, based on generalized linear models, revealed that plant diversity enrichment management did not affect species richness, abundance, or composition of ants. Landscape composition positively influenced ant species richness but negatively impacted species composition, particularly the number of semi-natural habitat patches. Maize crop age also positively influenced ant species richness but negatively affected beta diversity. Wet season was also found to have a negative effect on beta diversity. In conclusion, the proportion of semi-natural habitats in agricultural landscapes and crop age contribute significantly to species richness and species composition of ants.
Structure and distribution of palm tree species in Altingia excelsa planted forest in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia ASEP SADILI; ANDI SALAMAH; EDI MIRMANTO; KUSWATA KARTAWINATA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250128

Abstract

Abstract. Sadili A, Salamah A, Mirmanto E, Kartawinata K. 2024. Structure and distribution of palm tree species in Altingia excelsa planted forest in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 249-256. Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park (GGPNP) is a conservation area consisted of natural forest and planted forest, including Altingia excelsa Noronha stands which were planted in 1925. As a result of secondary succession, various plants grow under Altingia excelsa stands, including palm tree species (Arecaceae). This research was conducted to determine the structure, population, and distribution patterns of palm trees in Altingia excelsa planted forest in Bodogol Resort, GGPNP. The data were collected by establishing a one-hectare plot divided into 100 subplots of 10 m × 10 m. Palm tree species with a Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) ?3 cm were measured, and the tree heights were estimated. Data analysis included Relative Dominance (RDo), Relative Density (RDen), Relative Frequency (RF), Importance Value Index (IVI), Shannon Wiener Diversity Index (H'), Evenness Index (E), Index of Dispersion (ID), analysis of variance values (S2) and Chi-square analysis (Q). The study results recorded four species from three genera of Arecaceae which consisted of 171 trees with a total Basal Area (BA) of 0.63 m2/ha. Pinanga coronata (Blume ex Mart.) Blume was the most dominant palm tree species with IVI of 156.89%), followed by Pinanga sp. (IVI=72.04%), Caryota rumphiana Mart. (IVI=55.77%), and Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. (IVI=15.38%). In term of diameter class distribution, Pinanga coronata and Pinanga sp. were regenerating well. Spatial distribution patterns of Arenga pinnata, Caryota rumphiana, and Pinanga sp. were regular, while Pinanga coronata was clustered. Periodical studies in the future to determine the mortality and natality of the palm trees are recommended to understand the dynamics of vegetation succession.
Morphological, anatomical and genetic diversity of Nanhaia speciosa (Champ. ex Benth.) J.Compton & Schrire from Northern Vietnam PHONG XUAN ONG; CUONG BA CAO; DO TAN KHANG; TRAN GIA HUY; PHI BANG CAO; HA DUC CHU; DINH VAN NGUYEN; HONG VIET LA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250333

Abstract

Abstract. Ong PX, Cao CB, Khang DT, Huy TG, Cao PB, Chu HD, Nguyen DV, La HV. 2024. Morphological, anatomical and genetic diversity of Nanhaia speciosa (Champ. ex Benth.) J.Compton & Schrire from Northern Vietnam. Biodiversitas 25: 1174-1184. Nanhaia speciosa (Champ. ex Benth.) J.Compton & Schrire has been considered a captivating plant species known for its remarkable attributes and contributions to ecological systems and human use. This medicinal plant originated from tropical Southeast Asia regions. However, the investigation of this species in Vietnam has been still lacking. This study comprehensively analyzed N. speciosa samples obtained in Vietnam; the morphological and anatomical characteristics of N. speciosa leaflets and flower samples collected from different regions were analyzed. As a result, the structural components of the flower were slightly similar between these samples, whereas the leaflet shape exhibited variations in the leaflet base, petiole, and leaflet apex. According to the ISSR and RAPD analysis, we demonstrated that N. speciosa found in ND genotypes (Tan Yen, Bac Giang) exhibited clearly different genetic backgrounds from CSS (Loc Binh, Lang Son) and CSD (Son Dong, Bac Giang) genotypes. Based on the clustering diagram of ISSR markers, 15 plant genotypes were classified into 2 large clusters, A and B, with genetic similarity ranging from 0.62 to 0.90. The RAPD dendrogram illustrated two main clusters, C and D, with genetic similarity ranging from 0.57 to 0.92. Therefore, this study could provide a solid foundation for identifying and characterizing N. speciosa species in Vietnam and a direction for advanced research on conservation, sustainable breeding, and exploiting pharmaceutical values.
Morphological characteristics of sex dimorphism in Gobiopterus sp. (Gobiiformes: Oxudercidae) from Ranu Grati Lake, Pasuruan District, East Java, Indonesia SEPTI ANITASARI; DIANA ARFIATI; SUSILO SUSILO; AGUNG PRAMANA WARIH MARHENDRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250337

Abstract

Abstract. Anitasari S, Arfiati D, Susilo, Marhendra APW. 2024. Morphological characteristics of sex dimorphism in Gobiopterus sp. (Gobiiformes: Oxudercidae) from Ranu Grati Lake, Pasuruan District, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1214-1222. Ranu Grati is a volcanic lake located in Pasuruan, East Java, Indonesia which has high ecological value as a habitat for a unique endemic fish found only in this lake, namely the Lempuk fish (Gobiopterus sp.). The aim of this research is to determine the morphological characters based on sexual dimorphism of Lempuk fish. in Ranu Grati Lake. The result showed the body color of male and female Lempuk fish is transparent. Lempuk fish do not have sexual dichromatism or their sex cannot be distinguished based on their body color. Lempuk fish have vomer teeth and canine teeth. Types of male and female ctenoid scales have a comb-like shape. The position of the mouth of the Lempuk Fish is located near the top or head of the fish but not precisely at the tip. There are variations in the superior subterminal mouth type between male and female fish, especially in terms of anatomical details and mouth structure. Based on meristic observations of the Lempuk fish, it can be explained that this fish has a fusiform body shape, this shows that gobies generally have a small fusiform body and also has pectoral fins, pelvic fins, dorsal fins, tail fins and anal fins. In this study, we found from histological observations of the Lempuk fish, mature oocytes and spermatids were found in one histological tissue sample at male fish with gonad maturity level II. This change from female to male occurs at the size of the fish with fish size of 21.21-30.58 ± 2.14mm. It indicates that is Lempuk fish is a species hermaphrodite protogyn.
Ethnobotany of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in the traditional peri-urban Sundanese community of Cireundeu Hamlet, Cimahi City, West Java, Indonesia BUDI IRAWAN; KARINA MAHESWARI SAFIRA; ANNISA ANNISA; ENENG NUNUZ ROHMATULLAYALY; MUHAMMAD IHSAN; SURYANA SURYANA; JOHAN ISKANDAR; BUDIAWATI S. ISKANDAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250113

Abstract

Abstract. Irawan B, Safira KM, Annisa, Rohmatullayaly EN, Ihsan M, Suryana, Iskandar J, Iskandar BS. 2024. Ethnobotany of cassava (Manihot esculenta) in the traditional peri-urban Sundanese community of Cireundeu Hamlet, Cimahi City, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 116-128. The community of Cireundeu Hamlet is one of the Sundanese traditional communities that still maintain wisdom in processing and using cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) as staple food (rasi) and foodstuff. Many landraces of cassava have the potential to develop into superior varieties, and research is necessary to make cassava a year-round food. The aim of this study is to elucidate the ethnobotanical knowledge of the rural Sundanese community on cassava, namely on various landraces and their folk classification, traditional farming management, and uses. Based on a case study of the traditional people in a peri-urban area of Cireundeu Hamlet, Cimahi City, West Java, Indonesia, mixed methods, i.e., qualitative and quantitative, were used in this study. There are seven landraces of cassava used as foodstuff that are traditionally managed by the Cireundeu people, including sampeu apuy, sampeu bodas, sampeu gambir lembang, sampeu garnawis, sampeu hideung, sampeu karihkil, and sampeu mentega. Based on Relative Frequency of Citation, the highest values are sampeu bodas (0.96) and sampeu garnawis (0.93). These cassava landraces can be distinguished by the Cireundeu people based on characteristics of petiole color, stem color, apical leaf color, leaf color, and taste of the tubers. Based on folk taxonomy, cassava is classified into five levels: level 0 (unique beginner), known as tutuwuhan and pepelakan (plants); level 1 (Life form) known as beubeutian (tubers); level 2 (generic) known as sampeu karet and sampeu, a genus from Manihot esculenta; level 3 (species) known as sampeu (sweet-cassava, Manihot esculenta Crantz) and sampeu karet (bitter cassava, M. carthagenensis subsp. glaziovii); and level 4 (specific). The processing and use of cassava are carried out both in traditional and modern ways, including using apical leaves as lalab or boiled vegetables and using the roots as the basic ingredients for making rasi (sangueun), tapioca flour, and snacks.

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