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Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi (BioEdu)
Published by Universitas Negeri Surabaya
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26859289     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
BioEdu merupakan Jurnal Online Program Studi S-1 Pendidikan Biologi yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Biologi Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Negeri Surabaya. BioEdu terbit tiga kali dalam setahun. BioEdu memuat artikel-artikel hasil penelitian di bidang kependidikan Biologi yang ditulis oleh para penulis dan peneliti dari Program Studi S1 Pendidikan Biologi
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Pendidikan
Articles 1,573 Documents
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Validitas E-LKPD Berbasis Literasi Sains untuk Melatihkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis pada Materi Sistem Pencernaan Manusia Novita, Irma; Qomariyah, Nur
Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi (BioEdu) Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/bioedu.v14n1.p232-239

Abstract

Abstrak Kecakapan berpikir kritis merupakan kompetensi krusial yang diperlukan oleh setiap individu di era globalisasi. Salah satu strategi untuk melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis adalah dengan mengaplikasikan pembelajaran berbasis literasi sains. Materi sistem pencernaan manusia adalah salah satu materi yang dapat diterapkan dalam pembelajaran berbasis literasi sains. Penerapan literasi sains pada materi sistem pencernaan dipergunakan untuk mempermudah peserta didik memahami keterkaitan sistem pencernaan dengan masalah kontekstual yang didukung oleh penggunaan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Elektronik  berbasis liveworksheet. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeksripsikan validitas E-LKPD berbasis literasi sains untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis pada materi sistem pencernaan manusia. Prosedur pengembangan mempergunakan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation). Data dikumpulkan dengan mempergunakan metode validasi. Hasil validitas E-LKPD diperoleh persentase sebesar 94% berdasarkan aspek didaktik, konstruksi, teknik, dan kesesuaian langkah pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, E-LKPD berbasis literasi sains untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis pada materi sistem pencernaan manusia terkategorikan valid dan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Kata Kunci: lembar kerja peserta didik elektronik, literasi sains, berpikir kritis, sistem pencernaan.    Abstract Critical thinking skills were a crucial competency needed by each individual in the era of globalization. One of the strategies to practice critical thinking skills is applying science literacy-based learning. Human digestive system material is one of the materials that can be taught using science literacy-based learning. The application of science literacy to digestive system materials is used to make it easier for students to understand the relationship between the digestive system and contextual problems, which was supported by the use of live worksheets-based Electronic Student Worksheets. The purpose of this study was to decipher the validity of the Electronic Student Worksheets based on science literacy to train critical thinking skills on human digestive system materials. The development procedure used the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model. Data were collected using the validation method. The results of the validity of the Electronic Student Worksheets were obtained as a percentage of 94% based on the aspects of didactic, construction, engineering, and the suitability of learning steps. Based on the results of the research that was carried out, the Electronic Student Worksheets developed based on science literacy to train critical thinking skills on human digestive system materials were categorized as valid and suitable for use in learning.     
Development of ViBot to Train Digital Literacy of 10th Grade High School Student Savitri, Nandita Eka; Susantini, Endang
Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi (BioEdu) Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/bioedu.v14n1.p219-231

Abstract

The world is transitioning toward Society 5.0, characterized by increasing globalization and advancements in digital technology, leading to substantial societal transformations, including the rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things, Big Data, and robots. Education may capitalize on this by utilizing ICT-based learning media accessible via diverse electronic device. Furthermore, it possesses the capacity to improve digital literacy competencies. Telegram is one of the available technologies. A survey conducted among 20 students revealed that 70% utilize the Telegram application, while its use for academic is infrequent. This project aims to create a valid, practical, and effective Telegram bot for acquiring knowledge about viruses. This study employs the 4D method (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). Data were gathered utilizing validation procedures, Fry readability assessments, questionnaires, and examinations. The research trial was conducted on 20 students from Labschool Unesa 1 High School. We examined the gathered data employing descriptive-quantitative methodologies. The research findings indicate that ViBot possesses a high validity score of 3.87, rendering it appropriate for educational purposes; it is regarded as practical according to the readability assessment, which yielded a level 10 and a student response rate of 97.5%; ViBot is classified as highly effective based in the comprehensiveness of digital literacy indicators, achieving a percentage of 83.75%, which falls within the very good category. Consequently, we can ascertain that ViBot is valid, practical, and effective for imparting digital literacy in the 10th grade.
Effectivity Analysis of Offline and Online Learning Systems on Mendel’s Law of Inheritance Topic in High School Grade 11 Students Addabiyah, Sayyidatul; Lisdiana, Lisa
Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi (BioEdu) Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/bioedu.v13n1.p207-217

Abstract

This research aims to compare the effectiveness of offline and online learning systems on inheritance topic in grade 11 high school students of MAS Kanjeng Sepuh in terms of student learning outcomes, student responses, and management of learning process. Online learning carried out by using the Whatsapp, Google Classroom and Google Meet applications, while offline learning was carried out face-to-face in the classroom. The design of this study used a Quasi Experimental Design with a Non-equivalent control group design type. This research was conducted at MAS Kanjeng Sepuh with a total of 24 students from class 11 IPA 1 and 11 IPA 2. The sampling technique used was saturation sampling. The results of the research showed that there were no significant differences in learning outcomes before and after online learning, but significant differences were found in learning outcomes before and after offline learning. Students showed more positive responses to the offline learning system than the online learning system. In addition, the management of learning process in online and offline learning was in the good and excellent categories so that they were equally effective. Therefore, it can be concluded that the offline learning system was more effective than the online learning system in terms of learning outcomes and student responses. Meanwhile, in term of the management of learning process, offline and online learning systems were equally effective. Both online and offline learning systems have their advantages and disadvantages that affect the effectiveness of learning, so more attention is needed to minimize the disadvantages of each learning system, especially online learning systems so that the learning process can be more optimal. Keywords: online learning, offline learning, learning outcomes, student responses, high school
Development of Protein Synthesis Topic Webtoon “Synprory!” Learning Media to Improve Understanding of 12th Grade High School Student Cricilia, Tyas; Ratnasari, Evie
Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi (BioEdu) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/bioedu.v13n2.p277-284

Abstract

The development of science and technology is increasingly rapid in the world, especially for the educational sector, the teachers should keep up with the times and adapt to the current technology. This can be utilized by teachers to start innovating by creating a learning media that students may access through their smartphones anytime and anywhere. One of the topics considered difficult to learn is protein synthesis, because it is not sensory and complex. This research aims to develop webtoon-based web-comic learning media to improve understanding of the 12th grade student in protein synthesis sub-topic. This research used ASSURE method (Analyze Learner, State Objective, Select Media and Materials, Utilize Media and Materials, Require Learner Participant, and Evaluate and Revise). Data collection methods through validation methods, response questionnaires, pre-test and post-test which were carried out 20 grade 12th students of SMA Negeri 14 Surabaya. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive-quantitative techniques. The results of this study is a learning media “Synprory!” webtoon-based web-comic with validity value 3,88 considered as a valid category and gain a positive responses from student with a practicality value of 95,5%. The results of the study were also effective in improving student understanding with an N-gain of 0,77 in the high category. Thus the development of “Synprory!” webtoon-based web-comic learning media to improve understanding of the 12th grade protein synthesis sub-topic is feasible in terms of validity, practicality, and effectiveness.
The Development of E-Worksheet “Diversity of Ferns” Based on a Scientific Approach to Train Students' Critical Thinking Skills Alifrilia, Tarisa; Wisanti, Wisanti
Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi (BioEdu) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/bioedu.v13n2.p490-502

Abstract

Critical thinking skills is a crucial competency for the 21st century and is essential for students. The scientific approach can be applied in the teaching and learning process to train students' critical thinking skills through electronic-based teaching materials. This research aims to create an e-worksheet on the diversity of ferns using a scientific approach to train critical thinking skills that are valid, practical, and effective. The research method is applying the 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). The e-worksheet product was tested on a limited basis with 20 students from class X-1 at MAN 2 Gresik. Research parameters in developing the E-worksheet include the validity based on expert assessments, the practicality based on its implementation, and the effectiveness based on the achievement of critical thinking skills and student responses. Research instruments include validation assessment instruments, implementation observation sheets, critical thinking assessments, and student response questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted descriptively and quantitatively. The analysis results indicate that the E-worksheet’s validity is 3.97 (very valid), its practicality is 97.29% (very good), and its effectiveness in terms of the achievement of critical thinking skills, indicators of interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and explanation respectively worth 85%, 85%, 100%, and 100% (very good), as well as positive responses from students worth 98.82% (very good). Thus, this E-worksheet is declared valid, practical, and effective, so it is suitable to be applied to train students' critical thinking skills.
The Development of Blended Learning E-Worksheet to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skills on Membrane Transport Zahro, Hafidzoh Fitriatuz; Yuliani, Yuliani
Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi (BioEdu) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/bioedu.v13n2.p503-514

Abstract

Abstract Education in society 5.0 makes learning activities, including practicum, more varied with technology. The challenges of 21st-century education require students to have critical thinking skills. In some schools, biology practicum activities have not been carried out due to the lack of facilities and infrastructure, for example membrane transport material need a practicum to understand the material better. This study aims to develop a blended learning Electronic Worksheet with collaborative practicum to improve students' critical thinking skills on membrane transport material that is valid, practical, and effective. This development research refers to the 4-D model without using the disseminated stage. The E-worksheet utilizes the Olabs virtual laboratory and has features including Fenomena Biologi, Wawasan Biologi, Berlatih Biologi, Memahami Biologi, Bicara Biologi. The E-worksheet trial was conducted on 30 students in Bojonegoro, East Java. Data analysis was done descriptively and quantitatively. The validity results reviewed from the assessment of three validators showed an overall percentage of aspects of 90.5%. The practicability of the E-worksheet is based on the students' response questionnaire which shows 94.33% and the questionnaire of students' activities which shows o97.77%. The effectiveness of E-worksheet is based on the increase in critical thinking skills with an n-gain score of 0.71. Thus, it is concluded that the E- E-worksheet based on blended learning with collaborative practicum on membrane transport material is valid, practical, and effective so that critical thinking skills can be higher. Keywords: E-worksheet, blended learning, critical thinking skills, membrane transport. Abstrak Pendidikan di society 5.0 menjadikan kegiatan pembelajaran salah satunya praktikum lebih bervariasi berbantuan teknologi. Tantangan pendidikan abad 21 juga mengharuskan peserta didik memiliki keterampilan yakni critical thinking, collaborative, creativity, dan communication. Pada beberapa sekolah kegiatan praktikum biologi belum dilaksanakan karena minimnya sarana dan prasarana, salah satunya pada materi transpor membran yang membutuhkan praktikum untuk lebih memahami materinya. Perlu dilakukan pengembangan media ajar untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Elektronik blended learning yang digunakan dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa materi transpor membran yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian pengembangan ini mengacu pada model 4-D (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) tanpa tahap disseminate. E-LKPD yang dihasilkan memanfaatkan laboratorium virtual Olabs dan memiliki fitur Fenomena Biologi, Wawasan Biologi, Berlatih Biologi, Memahami Biologi, Bicara Biologi. Uji coba dilakukan pada 30 peserta didik salah satu SMA di Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil validitas yang ditinjau dari penilaian tiga validator, menunjukkan hasil persentase keseluruhan aspek sebesar 90,5%. Kepraktisan E-LKPD ditinjau berdasarkan hasil angket respon peserta didik sebesar 94,33% dan hasil angket keterlaksanaan aktivitas peserta didik sebesar 97,77%. Keefektifan E-LKPD ditinjau berdasarkan hasil kenaikan keterampilan berpikir kritis dengan skor n-gain sebesar 0,71. Dengan demikian, disimpulkan bahwa E-LKPD berbasis blended learning dengan praktikum kolaborasi pada materi transpor membran valid, praktis, dan efektif sehingga keterampilan berpikir kritis dapat lebih tinggi. Kata Kunci: E-LKPD, blended learning, keterampilan berpikir kritis, transpor membran.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Berbasis Project Based Learning Submateri Animalia Vertebrata untuk Melatihkan Kemandirian Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas X SMA Naja, A. Hilmi Ulin; Ambarwati, Reni
Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi (BioEdu) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/bioedu.v14n2.p270-285

Abstract

Kemandirian belajar adalah kemampuan peserta didik untuk berinisiatif dalam proses pembelajaran, baik dengan maupun tanpa bantuan orang lain. Kemandirian belajar penting ditingkatkan karena merupakan strategi untuk mengatasi penurunan pengetahuan akademik dalam periode tertentu pada peserta didik (learning loss). Materi animalia vertebrata selaras untuk melatihkan kemandirian belajar karena membutuhkan peran aktif peserta didik dalam mengidentifikasi serta mengklasifikasi. Project Based Learning (PjBL) cocok dalam melatihkan kemandirian, karena mendorong peserta didik untuk berinisiatif, disiplin, percaya diri, dan tanggung jawab dalam kelompok mandiri. Penerapan PjBL lebih maksimal dengan dikemas dengan LKPD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran LKPD berbasis PjBL submateri animalia vertebrta untuk melatihkan kemandirian belajar, serta mendeskripsikan validitas, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan. Terdapat fitur-fitur LKPD meliputi Bio-learning, Bio-Planing, Bio-Project, dan Bio-Present yang fungsinya disesuaikan dengan sintak PjBL dan merujuk melatihkan indikator kemandirian belajar. Model pengembangan penelitian ini yaitu model 4D (define, design, develop, disseminate). Sebanyak 30 siswa dari kelas X IPA MAN 1 Bojonegoro mengikuti uji coba. Validitas LKPD ditinjau dengan kelayakan isi, penyajian, kebahasaan oleh validasi ahli. Kepraktisan LKPD ditinjau dari keterlaksanaan pembelajaran serta respons perangkat oleh guru serta siswa. Keefektifan LKPD ditinjau dari observasi serta respons kemandirian belajar. Berdasarkan penelitian mendapatkan hasil bahwa LKPD valid dengan rata-rata sebesar 3,8. LKPD praktis dengan persentase keterlaksanaan sebesar 100% dan respons perangkat oleh guru sebesar 100% serta siswa 98% serta LKPD dinyatakan efektif dengan persentase dan respons kemandirian sebesar 91%. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa LKPD valid, praktis, dan efektif, sehingga layak untuk digunakan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran.
Efektivitas Quizizz sebagai Aplikasi Assessment as Learning untuk Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik pada Materi Animalia Nurfuady, Anisah; Prastiwi, Muji Sri
Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi (BioEdu) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/bioedu.v14n2.p286-291

Abstract

Assessment as learning merupakan assessment yang dilakukan guru dan melibatkan peserta didik secara langsung mengembangkan keterampilan metakognitif. Quizizz merupakan media pembelajaran digital yang mampu meningkatkan motivasi belajar dan menarik motivasi belajar peserta didik yang dapat disusun berdasarkan karakteristik peserta didik. Penelitian ini perlu dilakukan guna mengetahui tingkat efektivitas Quizizz sebagai aplikasi assessment as learning untuk peningkatan capaian belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pre-experiment design dengan desain penelitian one group pre-test post-test. Sasaran penelitian dilakukan pada 30 peserta didik yang ditentukan secara random. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah instrumen lembar validasi, instrumen test (pre-test dan post-test), lembar observasi dan lembar angket respon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi Quizizz yang dirancang memiliki nilai validitas sangat valid dengan nilai kevalidan sebesar 95,27 sehingga penggunaan Quizizz dapat berpengaruh terhadap pencapaian belajar peserta didik. Pengaruh pemakaian aplikasi Quizizz terhadap pencapaian belajar peserta didik sebesar 59,3%, setiap penambahan 1% penggunaan Quizizz maka hasil belajar meningkat sebesar 1,135 dan pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran menggunakan Quizizz berjalan secara efektif sesuai dengan rancangan pembelajaran dan mendapatkan tanggapan baik dari peserta didik.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi Terintegrasi Model SICOMO terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Sains Siswa Kelas XI Az Zahra, Intan; Usman, Usman; Ratnasari, Dwi; Rifqiawati, Ika
Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi (BioEdu) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/bioedu.v14n2.p523-529

Abstract

Pembelajaran berdiferensiasi yang diintegrasikan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Searching Information, Communication, and Information (SICOMO) merupakan pengajaran yang masih belum banyak dilakukan oleh pengajar di dalam kelas. Dalam penelitian ini berusaha untuk memberikan gambaran terkait hasil dari model pembelajaran yang dilakukan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan eksperimen semu dengan desain penelitian nonequivalent (pretest-posttest) control group design. Penelitian dilakukan di SMA Yuppentek 1 Kota Tangerang dengan seluruh kelas XI sebagai populasi. Sampel penelitian yaitu kelas XI 1 sebagai kelas kontrol dan kelas XI 3 sebagai kelas eksperimen yang ditentukan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pada kelas kontrol model pembelajaran yang diterapkan adalah Project Based Learning (PjBL), sedangkan pada kelas eksperimen pembelajaran berdiferensiasi terintegrasi model SICOMO. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi sebagai studi pendahuluan, tes soal uraian untuk mengukur kemampuan komunikasi sains tulisan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan SPSS 25 menggunakan Uji T Sample Independent. Pada hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa nilai uji > dari 0,05 dengan hasil pada uji kemampuan komunikasi tulisan sebesar 0,01 sehingga H0 ditolak, H1 diterima, dengan demikian terdapat peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi sains siswa yang diajar melalui pembelajaran berdiferensiasi terintegrasi model SICOMO.
Pengembangan E-LKPD Berbasis Problem Based Learning pada Materi Sistem Respirasi Manusia untuk Melatih Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Kelas XI SMAS Hang Tuah 1 Surabaya Rizqiyah, Nur Mazidah; Hariani, Dyah
Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi (BioEdu) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/bioedu.v14n2.p326-337

Abstract

Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan E-LKPD yang baik didukung fitur-fitur berupa Bio News, Bio Think, Bio Activity, Bio Communication, dan Bio Revaltion (Reflection and Evaluation) ditinjau dari kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan untuk melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan 4D (define, design, develop, disseminate). Tahap define dilakukan melalui analisis awal akhir dari permasalahan, analisis kognitif peserta didik, analisis konsep materi sistem respirasi manusia, analisis tugas dari E-LKPD, perumusan tujuan pembelajaran. Analisis data secara deskriptif kualitatif. Tahap design data didapatkan melalui pembuatan rancangan awal produk E-LKPD berbasis PBL materi sistem respirasi manusia. Analisis data secara deskriptif kualitatif. Tahap develop dilakukan pengumpulan data hasil validasi melalui penilaian E-LKPD oleh para validator berdasarkan skala likert 1-5 diuji cobakan dengan memberikan angket respons peserta didik. Analisis data secara deskriptif kuantitatif, serta pemberian soal pretest dan posttest dianalisis melalui uji statistik uji t berpasangan dan uji N-gain. Tahap dissemination dilakukan publikasi artikel hasil penelitian ini di jurnal berkala ilmiah pendidikan biologi (BioEdu). Hasil penelitian validitas E-LKPD menunjukkan skor sebesar 89,62% (sangat valid). Hasil kepraktisan E-LKPD melalui angket respons peserta didik sebesar 98,46% (sangat praktis). Hasil keefektifan E-LKPD dilihat berdasarkan hasil analisis uji t berpasangan sebesar 0,000 < 0,005 menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh sangat signifikan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian E-LKPD. Hasil uji N-gain sebesar 0,86 termasuk kategori tinggi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah E-LKPD yang dihasilkan baik ditinjau dari validitas yang berada pada kategori sangat valid; kepraktisan dengan kategori sangat praktis; keefektifan dengan kategori sangat efektif. Kata Kunci: penelitian pengembangan, E-LKPD, problem based learning, sistem respirasi manusia, berpikir kritis

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