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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 0126074X     EISSN : 23386223     DOI : 10.15395/mkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung (MKB)/Bandung Medical Journal publishes peer-reviewed original articles and case reports in basic medical research, clinical research, and applied medical science. This journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication.
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PEMBERIAN TERAPI OKSIGEN HIPERBARIK TIDAK MEMBERIKAN PENGARUH POSITIF PADA KETEBALAN ENDOMETRIUM PADA TIKUS MODEL SINDROM OVARI POLIKISTIK DENGAN RESISTENSI INSULIN Susanto, Lunardhi; Purwandono, Azham; Wittiarika, Ivon Diah; Santoso, Budi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 50, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (303.292 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v50n1.1218

Abstract

Sindrom ovari polikistik (SOPK) meningkatkan risiko hiperplasia dan keganasan endometrium. Faktor yang memicu kejadian tersebut adalah hiperandrogen, anovulasi kronik, dan hiperinsulinemia. Terapi oksigen hiperbarik (TOHB) diketahui memberikan manfaat positif bagi sensitivitas insulin. Berdasar atas hal tersebut maka ingin diketahui pengaruh terapi oksigen hiperbarik terhadap endometrium pada tikus model SOPK resistensi insulin. Untuk mengetahui hal tersebut maka dilakukan penelitian dengan desain post-test only control group menggunakan 28 tikus betina (Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar) yang kemudian dibagi menjadi empat kelompok: Kelompok normal, SOPK, TOHB 5 sesi dengan SOPK dan TOHB 10 sesi dengan SOPK. Model tikus SOPK diperoleh dengan menyuntikkan testosteron propionat 10 mg/100 gram bobot/ kali selama 28 hari berturut-turut. Pada tikus normal diberikan suntikan propilen glikol sebanyak 1 mL selama 28 hari. Dilakukan pengukuran ketebalan endometrium secara histopatologik. Penelitian dilakukan di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Airlangga, dan LAKESLA TNI AL  Drs. Med. R. Riyadi S, Phys pada periode Juni-September 2016. Didapatkan ketebalan endometrium pada kelompok normal (mean ± SD) (µm)) 1.109,98 ± 53,96; kelompok SOPK 35.651,47 ± 400,54; kelompok TOHB 5 sesi dengan SOPK 2.266,13 ±2 62,08; dan kelompok TOHB 10 sesi dengan SOPK 2.144,83 ± 305,83. Kelompok SOPK memiliki endometrium lebih tebal dibanding dengan kelompok normal. Tidak terdapat perbedaan ketebalan endometrium pascapemberian TOHB 5 sesi maupun 10 sesi.Kata kunci: Hiperplasia endometrium, sindrom ovari polikistik, terapi oksigen hiperbarik Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Does Not Improve the Endometrial Thickness in PCOS Rat with Insulin Resistance ModelPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) increases the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and malignancy. Chronic anovulation, hyperandrogen, and hyperinsulinemia are known as the pathogenesis of endometrial hyperplasia and malignancy in PCOS women. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has positive effects to improve peripheral insulin sensitivity. This study aimed to understand the effect of HBOT on endometrial thickness in PCOS rat with insulin resistance model. A laboratory experimental study was conducted involving twenty-eight healthy female rats divided into 4 groups: normal group, PCOS group, 5 session HBOT PCOS group, and 10 Session HBOT PCOS group. To induce a PCOS rat model with insulin resistance, testosterone propionate (10 mg/100-gram body weight) was administered for 28 days. Normal group was administered with 1 mL propylene glycol. Histopathological evaluation of endometrium of all groups was performed. This study was conducted in June-September 2016 in the School of Medicine Airlangga University, School of Veterinary Medicine Airlangga University, and LAKESLA TNI AL  Drs. Med. R. Riyadi S, Phys. The endometrial thickness (mean ± SD (µm)) of the normal, PCOS p, 5-session HBOT PCOS, and 10-session HBOT PCOS were 1,109.98 ± 53.96, 35,651.47 ± 400.54, 2,266.13 ± 262.08, and 2,144.83 ± 305.83, respectively. The endometrium of PCOS group was thicker than that of the normal group. Five  and ten sessions do not decrease the endometrial thickness when compared to PCOS group.Key words: Endometrial hyperplasia, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, polycystic ovary syndrome
Peningkatan Ketebalan Miokardium Mencit (Mus musculus L.) Akibat Paparan Medan Listrik Tegangan Tinggi Busman, Hendri; Muhartono, Muhartono
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 45, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Pembangunan saluran transmisi listrik tegangan tinggi diduga dapat merugikan manusia atau makhluk hidup lain. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh paparan medan listrik tegangan tinggi pada ketebalan miokardium ventrikel kiri mencit jantan (Mus musculus L.). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Zoologi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Lampung serta Laboratorium Patologi Balai Penyidikan dan Pengujian Veteriner Regional III Bandar Lampung, pada bulan Juni−November 2011.Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan, ulangan 6 kali, dan dibagi dalam empat kelompok. Kelompok kontrol (K) tidak diberi perlakuan, kelompok 1 (P1) diberi paparan 5 kV/m, kelompok 2 (P2) diberi paparan 6 kV/m, dan kelompok 3 (P3) diberi paparan 7 kV/m, masing-masing 8 jam/hari selama 37 hari. Data dianalisis menggunakan analysis of variance. Hasil penelitian didapatkan ketebalan miokardium ventrikel kiri mencit jantan pada K sebesar 1.329,83±173,29 μm; P1 sebesar 1.507,50±109,24 μm; P2 sebesar 1.536,70±103.42 μm; dan P3 sebesar 1.574.23±123,36 μm. Terdapat peningkatan ketebalan miokardium rata-rata dengan bertambahnya daya paparan medan listrik (p=0,019). Simpulan, terdapat hubungan antara paparan medan listrik tegangan tinggi dan perubahan ukuran ketebalan miokardium ventrikel kiri mencit jantan, semakin tinggi paparan medan listrik semakin tebal miokardium ventrikel kiri mencit jantan. [MKB. 2013;45(3):155–60] Increased Thickness Myocardium Mice (Mus musculus L.) Caused by Exposure to High Voltage Electric FieldDevelopment of high voltage power transmission line could be expected to harm humans or other living creatures. Research objective was to determine the effect of exposure tohigh-voltage electric field to the thickness of the left ventricular myocardium male mice (Mus musculus L.). The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Zoology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciencesat the University of Lampung and Central Pathology Laboratory Regional Veterinary Investigation III Bandar Lampung, in June−November 2011. Research using completely randomized design with 4 treatments, replicated 6 times and divided into four groups.The control group (K) was not given treatment, group 1 (P1) given exposure to 5 kV/m, group 2 (P2) given exposure to 6 kV/m and group 3 (P3) given exposure to 7 kV/m for 8 hours/day, to 37 days. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance. The results obtained thickness of the left ventricular myocardium of male mice at K1,329.83±173.29 μm; P1 at 1,507.50±109.24 μm; P2 at 1,536.70±103.42 μm, and P3 at 1,574.23±123.36 μm. There was an increase in the average thickness of the myocardium with increasing exposure to power an electric field with a statistical test obtained (p=0.019). In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between exposure to high-voltage electric field to change the size of the thickness of the left ventricular myocardium male mice, the higher the electric field exposure thicker left ventricular myocardium male mice. [MKB. 2013;45(3):155–60] DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v45n3.145
Perancangan Hewan Coba Model untuk Karsinoma Payudara HER-2 Positif Menggunakan Agen Imunosupresan Hidayat, Basuki; Massora, Stepanus; Ramli, Martalena; Susilo, Veronika Yulianti; Arianto, Agus; Masjhur, Johan S.
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 48, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Pengembangan obat terapi keganasan di Indonesia sering kali terkendala karena ketidakmampuan menyediakan hewan model untuk uji preklinis. Hewan model tersebut adalah hewan model dengan massa keganasan yang mempunyai karakteristik khusus, bukan sekedar dengan massa tumor. Pada umumnya untuk tujuan tersebut digunakan hewan model yang tidak mempunyai daya tahan tubuh dan dipelihara dalam lingkungan yang steril. Fasilitas sistem perkandangan yang steril ini yang belum ada di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini mengembangkan metode penyediaan hewan model mencit pengganti nude mice dengan daya tahan tubuh yang rendah, tetapi mampu hidup dalam lingkungan fasilitas pemeliharaan yang tidak steril. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Hewan dan Laboratorium Sitogenetik Pusat Teknologi Radioisotop dan Radiofarmaka, Batan, Serpong sejak bulan Juli sampai November 2014. Galur sel SKBR-3 diinokulasi pada 2 kelompok mencit sehat (Mus musculus) strain Balb/c, yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol, masing-masing 8 ekor. Cyclosporine A, agen penurun daya tahan tubuh hanya diberikan pada kelompok perlakuan sebelum dan setelah inokulasi. Pada kedua kelompok, pertumbuhan tumor secara makroskopik tidak terlihat di tempat inokulasi, tetapi tampak perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol pada kadar leukosit (p:0,01), limfosit (p:0,01), monosit (p:0,01), dan segmen neutrofil (p:0,01). Pada 2 mencit kelompok perlakuan didapatkan gambaran sel degenerasi bengkak keruh di hati. Metode ini terbukti dapat menurunkan daya tahan tubuh hewan coba mencit (Mus musculus) strain Balb/c, walaupun belum mampu menumbuhkan keganasan. [MKB. 2016;48(1):39–44]Kata kunci: Ca payudara HER2 positif, hewan coba model onkologiDesigning Animal Models for HER2 Positive Breast Cancer Using Immunosuppressive AgentAbstractThe development of therapeutic drug for malignancy in Indonesia is often constrained because of the inability to provide animal models for preclinical study. These animal models are an animal model with a malignancy mass which have special characteristics, not just the tumor mass. Animal models that are usually used for this purpose is immunodeficient animals. This animal must be kept in sterile animal care, but the facility is not readily available in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to develop a method for providing an animal model of nude mice replacement that has fairly low immunity but are still able to live in non-sterile animal care facilities. The study was conducted at the Laboratory Animal and Cytogenetics, Center for Radioisotope and Radiopharmaceuticals Technology, Batan, Serpong in the period of July to November 2014. SKBR-3 cell lines were inoculated on two groups of immunocompetent mice (Mus musculus) strain Balb/c, namely the treatment group (n=8) and controls (n=8). Cyclosporine A as an immunosupressan agent was given only to the treatment group before and after SKBR 3 inoculation. No macroscopically visible tumor growth at the site of inoculation in both of groups. There was a significant difference between the treatment group and the control group in leukocyte levels (p: 0.01), lymphocytes (p: 0.01), monocytes (p: 0.01), and neutrophil segments (p: 0.01). Two treatment groups of mice obtained cloudy degeneration in the liver. This method has significantly reduced the immunity of mice (Mus musclus) strain Balb/c but still cannot grow malignancies in experimental animals. [MKB. 2016;48(1):39–44]Key words: HER2 positive breast cancer, oncology animal models DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v48n1.732
AREA UNDER THE CURVE DAN AKURASI CYSTATIN C UNTUK DIAGNOSIS ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY PADA PASIEN POLITRAUMA Maskoen, Tinni T.; Purnama, Djaya
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 50, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (405.214 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v50n4.1342

Abstract

Pasien yang mengalami cedera dengan Injury Severity Score (ISS) >16 didefinisikan sebagai politrauma. Pada politrauma terjadi hipoksia jaringan, autoregulasi terganggu, mikrosirkulasi glomerulus, cedera sel tubular serta proses inflamasi yang apabila tidak diatasi secara adekuat dapat menyebabkan acute kidney injury (AKI). Saat ini diagnosis AKI berdasar atas kenaikan kreatinin serum yang terdeteksi setelah terjadi kerusakan ginjal. Cystatin C merupakan penanda biologis yang dapat mendeteksi AKI. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui nilai area under the curve (AUC) dan akurasi cystatin C untuk diagnosis AKI pada pasien politrauma di Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian uji diagnostik ini dengan analisis data sekunder pada sebagian data penelitian Academic Leadership Grant (ALG) pasien politrauma di IGD RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung dari Januari?Juni 2017. Analisis data menggunakan kurva receiver operating characteristic (ROC) dengan program statistical product and service solution (SPSS)versi 24.0 for windows. Hasil penelitian dari 23 sampel menunjukkan pada cut-off point 354,97 ng/mL cystatin C plasma memiliki sensitivitas 100%, spesifisitas 88,9%, nilai duga positif 71,4%; nilai duga negatif 100%; nilai AUC 0,967; dan akurasi 91,3%. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah nilai AUC dan akurasi cystatin C memberikan hasil yang baik dalam diagnosis AKI pada pasien politrauma.Kata kunci: Acute kidney injury, akurasi, cystatin C, nilai AUC, politrauma Area Under the Curve and Cystatin C Accuracy for Acute Kidney Injury Diagnosis in Polytrauma PatientsPatients experiencing injuries with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of >16 are defined as polytrauma patients. Polytrauma can cause hypoxia, disruption of autoregulation, glomerular microcirculation, tubular cell injury, and inflammation processes that, without adequate treatment, may lead to acute kidney injury (AKI). The current diagnosis of AKI is based on the elevated serum creatinine that can be detected after kidney damage. Cystatin C is a biomarker that can detect AKI. The aim of this study was to determine the value of area under the curve (AUC) and accuracy of cystatin C for diagnosing AKI in polytrauma patients in the Emergency Room (ER) of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. A diagnostic test study using secondary data  from theAcademic Leadership Grant (ALG) study onpolytrauma patients in the ER of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, from January 2017?June 2017 was performed. Data was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with statistical product and service solution (SPSS) version 24.0 for windows. Results from 23 samples showed that the cut off point of plasma cystatin C was 354.97ng/mL with a sensitivity of 100.0%, specificity of 88.9%, positive predictive value of 71.4%, negative value of 100.0%, AUC value of 0.967 and accuracy of 91.3%. Hence, the AUC values and cystatin C accuracy present  good results for diagnosing AKI in polytrauma patients.Key words: Accuracy, acute kidney injury, cystatin C, the value  of AUC, polytrauma 
Penurunan Nyeri Persalinan Primigravida Kala I Fase Aktif Pascapenghirupan Aromaterapi Lavender Tarsikah, -; Susanto, Herman; Sastramihardja, Herri S.
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 44, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Nyeri persalinan merupakan bagian pada proses normal yang tidak jarang menyebabkan stres fisiologis dan psikologis terhadap ibu yang berdampak pada ibu maupun janin. Sebagian besar persalinan (90%) disertai nyeri, bahkan sampai nyeri berat. Penanganan nonfarmakologi merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi nyeri persalinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efek analgesik penghirupan aromaterapi lavender pada nyeri persalinan primigravida kala I fase aktif. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah studi praeksperimental, satu kelompok diobservasi sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan terhadap 30 ibu bersalin di Rumah Bersalin (RB) Kasih Ibu Jatirogo kabupaten Tuban provinsi Jawa Timur sebagai sampel yang dipilih secara konsekutif. Pengukuran variabel menggunakan skala nyeri numerik. Dilakukan analisis univariabel kuantitatif untuk mengetahui nyeri sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Analisis kuantitatif bivariabel Wilcoxon signed ranks test digunakan untuk mengetahui pengurangan nyeri dengan tingkat kemaknaan p<0,05. Penelitian ini dilakukan periode 14 September–31 Oktober 2009. Hasil analisis univariabel menyatakan bahwa skor nyeri rata-rata sebelum perlakuan 7,3 (SD 1,1) dansesudah perlakuan 5,9 (SD 1,4). Hasil uji Wilcoxon signed ranks test menunjukkan pengurangan nyeri yang bermakna pascapenghirupan aromaterapi lavender (Z=-4,338; p=0,000). Simpulan, terdapat pengurangan nyeri persalinan pascapenghirupan aromaterapi lavender. [MKB. 2012;44(1):19–25].Kata kunci: Nyeri persalinan, penghirupan aromaterapi lavender Labor Pain Reduction in Primigravida Active Phase after Inhalation of Lavender AromatherapyLabor pain is part of a normal process, which often causes physiological and psychological stress to mother. These stress have impact to both mother and fetus. Largely (90%) labor comes with pain and in some cases severe pain. Non-pharmacological approach is one of alternatives to reduce labor pain. This research aims to analyse the analgesic effect of lavender aromatherapy inhalation on labor pain in primigravida in the active phase. The study was pra-experimental by observing one group before and after treatment. The group involved 30 parturients in RB Kasih Ibu Jatirogo district of Tuban, East Java. The sampling method was based on consecutive admission. The variables were measured by using numerical rating scales (NRS). Univariable quantitative analysis was applied to describe the pain before and after treatment. Wilcoxon signed ranks test bivariable quantitative analysis was used to investigate pain relief with significance level of p<0.05. The univariable analysis result revealed that mean pain score before treatment was 7.3 (SD 1.1) and after treatment 5.9 (SD 1.4). Wilcoxon signed ranks test result showed significant pain relief after lavender aromatherapy inhalation (Z=-4.338, p=0.000). The research shows that there is a reduction of labor pain after lavender aromatherapy inhalation. [MKB. 2012;44(1):19–25].Key words: Inhalation lavender aromatherapy, labor pain DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v44n1.210
Efektivitas Terapi Kortikosteroid Intranasal pada Hipertrofi Adenoid Usia Dewasa berdasarkan Pemeriksaan Narrow Band Imaging Ratunanda, Sinta Sari; Satriyo, Jipie Iman; Samiadi, Dindy; Madiadipoera, Teti; Anggraeni, Ratna
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 48, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (176.465 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v48n4.914

Abstract

Hipertrofi adenoid merupakan proses perubahan ukuran adenoid yang membesar, merupakan penyebab utama hidung tersumbat. Hipertrofi adenoid dapat terjadi karena proses yang fisiologis, akibat inflamasi, atau suatu keganasan. Proses inflamasi adenoid dapat dinilai menggunakan nasoendoskopi serat lentur dengan pencahayaan narrow band imaging (NBI). Kortikosteroid intranasal menjadi pilihan terapi medikamentosa pada penatalaksanaan hipertrofi adenoid pada anak, namun belum banyak diteliti penggunaannya pada hipertrofi adenoid usia dewasa. Tujuan penelitian ini menilai efektivitas terapi kortikosteroid intranasal untuk mengurangi ukuran adenoid dewasa berdasarkan pemeriksaan NBI. Penelitian dimulai bulan November 2012–Januari 2013 di poliklinik Telinga Hidung Tenggorok-Bedah Kepala Leher Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin (THT-KL RSHS) Bandung dengan metode kuasieksperimental open labeled pre and posttest design. Pemilihan sampel berdasarkan urutan kedatangan, ditentukan 11 subjek penelitian. Penegakan diagnosis pada subjek penelitian berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisis THT, pemeriksaan nasoendoskopi serat lentur dilengkapi dengan NBI, dan dilakukan biopsi mukosa adenoid. Subjek penelitian diberikan terapi kortikosteroid intranasal selama empat minggu, kemudian dilakukan evaluasi ulang pemeriksaan NBI dan biopsi. Data dianalisis dengan uji Wilcoxon, hasilnya didapatkan perbaikan nilai derajat inflamasi adenoid secara signifikan pascaterapi kortikosteroid intranasal (p<0,05). Uji McNemar didapatkan hasil signifikan untuk penurunan ukuran adenoid (p<0,05). Uji rank Spearman untuk menganalisis hubungan gambaran histopatologi dengan penilaian NBI pra dan pascaterapi, hasilnya didapatkan korelasi bermakna (p<0,05). Simpulan, kortikosteroid intranasal efektif diberikan pada inflamasi penyebab hipertrofi adenoid usia dewasa berdasarkan pemeriksaan NBI. [MKB. 2016;48(4):228–33]Kata kunci: Hipertrofi adenoid, kortikosteroid intranasal, narrow band imagingEffectiveness of Intranasal Corticosteroids Treatment on Adult Adenoid Hypertrophy based on Narrow Band Imaging ExaminationAbstractAdenoid hypertrophy is a process in which adenoid size becomes enlarged and causes clinical symptoms, especially nasal obstruction. Adenoid hypertrophy can be due to physiological, inflammatory, or malignancy processes. Adenoid inflammatory process can be assessed using a flexible fiberoptic nasoendoscopy with narrow band imaging (NBI). Intranasal corticosteroid is one of the choices to treat adenoid hypertrophy in children; however, more experiments are needed to use it in adults. This study was performed in the period of November 2012 to January 2013 at the outpatient clinic of the Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, using pre- and post-test open-labeled quasiexperimental design. Sample was selected through consecutive sampling, involving 11 subjects. Diagnosis was based on research subject’s anamnesis, ear nose and throat (ENT) physical examination, NBI-equipped fiberoptic nasoendocopy examination, and adenoid mucosal biopsy. Subjects were given intranasal corticosteroid therapy for four weeks. NBI-equipped fiberoptic nasoendocopy examination and biopsy examination were performed after therapy. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon test, showing significant improvement of the adenoid inflammation after intranasal corticosteroids therapy (p<0.05). McNemar test results showed a significant reduction in adenoid size (p<0.05). Spearman rank test showed a significant correlation between histopathologic findings and NBI examination result (p<0.05). In conclusion, intranasal corticosteroids are effective for adult adenoid hypertrophy treatment based on NBI examination. [MKB. 2016;48(4):228–33]Key words: Adenoid hypertrophy, intranasal corticosteroids, narrow band imaging
PENGARUH EKSTRAK BAYAM MERAH (AMARANTHUS GANGETICUS) TERHADAP MORFOLOGI STRATUM HIPOKAMPUS MODEL ANAK MENCIT PASCASAPIH INDUK YANG TERPAPAR TIMBAL SELAMA MASA KEHAMILAN Kalanjati, Viskasari; Pratiwi, Made Pury; Syakdiyah, Noer Halimatus; Widiasi, Etha Dini; Anggraeni, Mayang Rizki; Pratiwi, Intan Anggun; Argarini, Raden
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 46, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Kandungan antioksidan ekstrak bayam merah (Amaranthus gangeticus) diduga dapat melawan efek toksik timbal asetat pada sistem saraf pusat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati pengaruh pemberian ekstrak bayam merah terhadap morfologi hipokampus model anak mencit (Mus musculus) pascasapih yang induknya terpapar timbal asetat per oral selama masa kehamilan. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Hewan Coba Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Airlangga (FKUA) pada bulan April?Juni 2013. Dua puluh tujuh ekor anak mencit pascasapih dibagi dalam 3 kelompok: M0 (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose atau CMC Na 0,5%), M1 (CMC Na 0,5%+timbal asetat 1,16 mg/10 g BB/hari) dan M2 (CMC Na 0,5%+timbal asetat 1,16 mg/10 g BB/hari+ekstrak bayam merah 382,2 mg/10 g BB/hari). Sediaan otak diambil untuk dibuat preparat histologi dengan pewarnaan hematoxylin-eosin (HE). Lebar stratum granulare girus dentatus (GD), stratum oriens-piramidale (SOP) CA1, CA2, dan CA3 dianalisis dengan analysis of variance (ANOVA) dan least significant different (p<0,05). SOP CA1 dan CA2 pada kelompok M2 lebih lebar dibandingkan dengan kelompok M1 (p<0,05). SOP CA1 kelompok M2 lebih lebar pula bila dibandingkan dengan M0 (p=0,001). Lebar SG dari GD dan SOP CA3 kelompok M2 menunjukkan nilai yang lebih tinggi (p>0,05). Simpulan, pemberian ekstrak bayam merah dapat mengurangi efek negatif timbal asetat yang merusak struktur hipokampus model anak mencit pascasapih yang induknya terpapar timbal selama kehamilan. Kata kunci: Bayam merah, hipokampus, timbal asetatEffect of Red Spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus) Extract on Hippocampus Morphology of Post-Weaning Mice Infant Model from Lead-Acetate Exposed Pregnant Mice Antioxidants in red spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus) extract are proposed to combat the toxicity of lead acetate in the central nervous system. The effect of red spinach extract to the morphology of post weaning mouse hippocampus model (Mus musculus) in pregnant mice that received oral lead acetate during pregnancy was analyzed. Twenty seven post-weaning mice offsprings were grouped into 3 groups: M0 (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC Na 0.5%), M1 (CMC Na 0.5%+lead acetate 1.16 mg/10 g of body weight/day) and M2 (CMC Na 0.5%+lead acetate 1.16 mg/10 g of body weight/day+red spinach extract 382.2 mg/10 g of body weight/day). Brains were histologically processed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). Width of stratum granulare (SG) of the dentate gyrus (GD) and each of stratum oriens-pyramidale (SOP) of CA1, CA2, CA3 from each mouse hippocampus were obtained and analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least significant difference (LSD) (p<0.05). The CA1 and CA2 SOPs in M2 were significantly wider compared to those of M1 (p<0.05). Meanwhile, the SOP of CA1 in M2 was significantly wider compared to that of M0 (p=0.001). The SG width of GD and the CA3 SOP in M2 were wider than those of M0 and M1 (p>0.05). In conclusion, red spinach extract might dampen the adverse effects of oral lead acetate in post-weaning mouse hippocampus model from pregnant mice orally exposed to lead acetate during pregnancy. Key words: Hippocampus, lead acetate, red spinach DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v46n3.116
KONSEP KUALITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN BERDASAR ATAS EKSPEKTASI PESERTA JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONAL Hadiyati, Ida; Sekarwana, Nanan; Sunjaya, Deni Kurniadi; Setiawati, Elsa Pudji
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 49, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (19.202 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v49n2.1054

Abstract

Masyarakat memiliki hak untuk mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan yang bermutu dan terjangkau. Sejak awal tahun 2014, pemerintah berupaya meningkatkan akses pelayanan kesehatan melalui program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional. Pelayanan kesehatan tersebut tentunya harus tetap berkualitas. Peneliti bertujuan merumuskan konsep kualitas pelayanan kesehatan berdasar atas ekspektasi pasien. Desain penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan paradigma konstruktivisme. Partisipan terdiri atas 17 pasien rawat jalan peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional dan 7 petugas kesehatan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Al-Ihsan dan Soreang Kabupaten Bandung, Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam selama bulan Agustus?November 2016. Pelayanan kesehatan yang berkualitas terdiri atas 11 dimensi. Dimensi sarana prasarana mengutamakan kecukupan kapasitas fasilitas. Dimensi karyawan mengutamakan kesesuaian jumlah kapasitas tenaga kerja. Dimensi pelayanan medis mengutamakan komunikasi. Dimensi pelayanan administrasi mengutamakan sistem antrian yang tertib. Dimensi keamanan pelayanan mengutamakan minimalisasi risiko bahaya. Dimensi kepercayaan menunjukkan loyalitas. Dimensi akses mengutamakan kemudahan menjangkau rumah sakit. Dimensi kesetaraan merupakan perlakuan yang sama antara pasien peserta JKN dan non-JKN. Dimensi transparansi informasi merupakan penyajian informasi yang jelas. Dimensi iur biaya mengungkapkan tidak ada penambahan biaya dalam tindakan medis maupun pengobatan. Dimensi kualitas antar bagian merupakan pelayanan yang sama di setiap titik bagian pelayanan. Pelayanan kesehatan yang berkualitas berdasar atas harapan pasien meliputi dimensi sarana prasarana, karyawan, pelayanan medis, pelayanan administrasi, keamanan pelayanan, kepercayaan terhadap rumah sakit, akses, kesetaraan, transparansi informasi, iur bayar, dan kualitas antarbagian. [MKB. 2017;49(2):102?9] Kata kunci: Ekspektasi pasien, Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional, kualitas pelayanan kesehatan  Health Service Quality Concept based on Expectation of the National Health Insurance Participants Community has the right to receive affordable and qualified health care. Since the early 2014, the government has attempted to increase health care access through the implementation of the National Health Insurance (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional, JKN) scheme that still requires quality health care. The aim of this study was to formulate the concept of health care quality based on patients? expection. This was a qualitative study using constructivism paradigm on 17 JKN-member outpatients and 7 health care workers of Al-Ihsan General Public Hospital and Soreang Public District Hospital, Bandung District. Data were collected through in-depth interviews during the period of August?November 2016. Quality health care consists of 11 dimensions: facility and infrastructure dimension that prioritizes on adequacy of facility capacity; employee dimension that prioritizes on the number and capacity of human resource; medical service dimension that prioritizes on communication; administrative service dimension that prioritizes on orderly queuing system; service safety dimension that prioritizes on minimizing hazard risk; trust dimension that shows loyalty; access dimension that prioritizes on easy access to hospital; equality dimension that emphasizes same treatment for JKN and non-JKN patients; information transparency that prioritizes on clear information provision; cost sharing dimension that underlines no additioanl fee for medical actions and treatments; and inter-department quality dimension that includes same services in each service point. It is revealed that quality health care based on patients? expectation includes facility and infrastrucutre, employee, medical service, administrative service, service security, trust towards hospital, access, equality, information transparency, cost-sharing, and inter-department quality. [MKB. 2017;49(2):102?9] Key words: Health Service Quality, National Health Insurance, Patient Expectation 
SENYAWA BRUSEIN-A DARI BUAH MAKASAR (BRUCEA JAVANICA (L.) MERR.) SEBAGAI ANTIPROLIFERASI TERHADAP SEL KANKER PAYUDARA T47D Subeki, -; Muhartono, -
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 47, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Pada saat ini,insidensi kanker payudara telah menempati urutan teratas pada wanita penderita kanker di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia, sehingga pencarian obat yang lebih tepat masih diperlukan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan aktivitas antiproliferasi senyawa brusein-A terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D secara in vitro. Brusein-A diisolasi dari buah makasar (Brucea javanica (L.) Merr.) dan struktur senyawa yang diperoleh dielusi dengan spektroskopi data. Aktivitas antikanker diamati sebagai antiproliferasi terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D. Antiproliferasi diuji dengan penambahan sulfo rodamin B pada media kultur sel. Masing-masing sumur mengandung 30.000 sel yang diberikan brusein-A dengan variasi 10 konsentrasi antara lain 0,04 µg/mL, 0,08 µg/mL, 0,16 µg/mL, 0,31 µg/mL, 0,63 µg/mL, 1,25 µg/mL, 2,5 µg/mL, 5 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, dan 20 µg/mL selama 72 jam. Percobaan diulang dua kali dan selanjutnya persentase viabilitas sel dihitung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai IC50 brusein-A terhadap sel T47D memberikan efek antiproliferasi sebesar 0,54 µg/mL dengan cisplatin 0,43 µg/mL sebagai kontrol positif. Simpulan, brusein-A mempunyai aktivitas antiproliferasi terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D. [MKB. 2015;47(1):22?8]Kata kunci:  Antiproliferasi, buah makasar, Brucea  javanica, brusein-A, sel kanker T47DBrucein-A Compound of Makasar Fruit (Brucea javanica (L.) Merr.) as Antiproliferative Agent against T47D Breast Cancer CellsBreast cancer is currenly the number one cancer of all cancers attacking women, especially those who live in developing countries including Indonesia. Therefore, the pursuit of  drugs for breast cancer is still needed. The aim of this study was to determine the anti proliferative activity of brucein-A against breast cancer T47D cells in vitro. Bruceine-A was isolated from ?buah makasar? (Brucea javanica (L.) Merr) and the structure of the isolated compound was elucidated by spectral data. The activities of anticancer were evaluated from the antiproliferative effects on T47D breast cancer cell line . The antiproliferative effects were examined in cultured cells stained with sulforhodamin B. Each well contained 30,000 cells, which was treated with bruceine-A in 10 concentration variations of 0.04 µg/mL, 0.08 µg/mL, 0.16 µg/mL, 0.31 µg/mL, 0.63 µg/mL, 1.25 µg/mL, 2.5 µg/mL, 5 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, and 20 µg/mL for 72 hours. The experiment was replicated twice and the inhibitory percentage of cells was then calculated. The results showed that the IC50 value of bruceine-A on T47D cells as anantiproliferative effect was0.54 µg/mL with cisplatin 0.43 µg/mL as the positive control. In conclusion, bruceine-A has an antiproliferative activity on T47D breast cancer cell line. [MKB. 2015;47(1):22?8]Key words: Antiproliferative, buah makasar, Brucea javanica, brucein-A, cancer T47D cell DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v47n1.394   
PROFILE OF IMMUNIZATION PRACTICE BY GENERAL PRACTITIONERS AND PEDIATRICIANS IN PRIVATE SETTING Soedjatmiko, Soedjatmiko; Gunardi, Hartono; Satari, Hindra Irawan; Singgih, Adrian Himawan; Yolanda, Natharina
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 49, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (66.572 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v49n4.1153

Abstract

Basic immunization coverage in Indonesia in 2013 was still low (59.2%) (IBHS, 2013). Physicians? attitude and practice were among the determinant factors of a successful immunization program. This survey aimed to describe general practitioner?s (GP) and pediatrician?s attitude towards immunization and its coverage  in private practices. This cross-sectional study was performed by distributing questionnaires consisting of 5 items on opinion and 10 items on immunization practices to 100 respondents in November 2014. Completed questionnaires were obtained from 29 GPs and 65 pediatricians. Most respondents considered that the Expanded Program in Immunization vaccine should be given. First dose of hepatitis B vaccine was mostly given in the first 12 hours after birth (90% GPs and 74% pediatricians). Oral polio vaccine was mostly given shortly before hospital discharge (65% of GPs and 81% pediatricians) while the DTwP-HB-Hib vaccine were given by 27% of GPs and 21% of pediatricians to >75% patients. Pneumococcal, rotavirus, hepatitis A, typhoid, and influenza vaccines were provided by less than 25% GPs and pediatricians, except for the influenza vaccine which was provided by 31% pediatricians. MMR vaccine was given to >75% patients by 16% of GPs and 29% of pediatricians. This pilot survey of immunization practice in private setting might be the first study in Indonesia that this can be considered as a preliminary report of immunization in private setting. Further studies need to be done, especially regarding problems in immunization in private practices. Key words: Attitude, general practitioners, immunization practice, private setting, pediatriciansGambaran Praktek Imunisasi Dokter Umum dan Dokter Spesialis Anak di Praktek SwastaRiset Kesehatan Dasar 2013 melaporkan bahwa cakupan imunisasi Indonesia masih rendah (59,2%). Sikap dan praktik imunisasi dokter merupakan salah satu faktor penentu keberhasilan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui sikap dokter dan cakupan imunisasi di praktik swasta. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner tentang sikap dan praktik imunisasi kepada responden, yaitu 29 dokter umum (DU) dan 65 dokter spesialis anak (DA) pada bulan November 2014. Mayoritas responden berpendapat bahwa vaksin program pengembangan imunisasi harus diberikan. Vaksin hepatitis B dosis I mayoritas diberikan dalam 12 jam setelah lahir (90% oleh DU dan 74% oleh DA). Vaksin polio oral mayoritas diberikan sebelum pulang perawatan (65% oleh DU dan 81% oleh DA), Vaksin DTwP-HB-Hib diberikan oleh 27% DU dan 21% DA kepada ?75% pasien. Penggunaan vaksin pneumokokus, rotavirus, hepatitis A, tifoid dan influenza pada >75% pasien adalah kurang dari 25%, kecuali vaksin influenza, yaitu 31% digunakan oleh DA. Pemberian vaksin MMR pada >75% pasien dilakukan oleh 16% DU dan 29% DA.  Penelitian imunisasi pada praktik swasta ini mungkin  merupakan laporan yang pertama dipublikasi di Indonesia. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengetahui hambatan imunisasi di praktik swasta.Kata kunci: Cakupan imunisasi, dokter,  imunisasi, praktik, spesialis

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