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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 0126074X     EISSN : 23386223     DOI : 10.15395/mkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung (MKB)/Bandung Medical Journal publishes peer-reviewed original articles and case reports in basic medical research, clinical research, and applied medical science. This journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication.
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Articles 651 Documents
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FAKTOR RISIKO HEPATITIS B PADA TENAGA KESEHATAN KOTA PEKANBARU Amtarina, Rina; Arfianti, A; Zainal, Andi; Chandra, Fifia
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 41, No 3
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Penyakit hepatitis B tergolong penyakit yang menjadi masalah kesehatan serius di Indonesia. Penularan virus hepatitis B melalui kontak dengan produk darah. Data mengenai pembawa HBsAg dan faktor risiko penularan VHB di Kota Pekanbaru belum ada sehingga perlu diadakan penelitian mengenai hal tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan secara retrospektif terhadap hasil pemeriksaan HBsAg dan anti-HBs responden dengan cara menganalisis hasil jawaban kuesioner. Responden dibagi 2 kriteria yaitu kriteria pernah/sedang terpapar hepatitis B dengan hasil pemeriksaan anti-HBs positif HBsAg negatif atau HBsAg positif Anti-HBs negatif dan kriteria tidak pernah terpapar VHB dengan hasil pemeriksaan HBsAg dan anti-HBs negatif. Dari 110 responden, 32 orang (29,1%) hasil anti-HBs positif, HBsAg negatif, 1 orang (0,9%) hasil HBsAg positif, anti-HBs negatif. Dari analisis kuesioner, faktor risiko penularan dari 32 orang anti-HBs positif terbanyak melalui pernah cabut gigi yaitu sebanyak 29 orang (90,6%) diikuti dengan pernah tertusuk jarum bekas/tidak steril sebanyak 18 orang (56,2%). Hanya 3 (9,3%) dari 32 orang pernah menderita hepatitis B sebelumnya. Pada 1 orang dengan HBsAg positif, faktor risiko penularan melalui tertusuk jarum bekas/tidak steril, pengobatan akupuntur, cabut gigi, dan ada anggota keluarga serumah yang pernah menderita hepatitis B. Faktor risiko penularan terbanyak pada tenaga kesehatan di Pekanbaru adalah melalui cabut gigi dan tertusuk jarum bekas/tidak steril.Kata kunci: Hepatitis B virus, anti-HBs, HBsAg, tenaga kesehatan, faktor risikoRISK FACTORS FOR TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION IN HEALTH CARE WORKER OF PEKANBARU CITYHepatitis B is still the one of serious public health problem in the world including Indonesia. Transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is strongly associated with use of contaminated blood products. For many people infected with HBV, risk factors of transmission are unknown. We examined risk factors for acquiring HBV in health care worker. This research was done by retrospective to blood participants who tested positive for HBs antibody or HBs antigen, using a questionnaire.participants divided into 2 groups. Had/having exposed to VHB with ati-HBs Positive HBsag negative or HBsag positive, anti-HBs negative and never had exposed to VHB with HBsag and anti-HBs negative. Positive anti- HBs were identified in 32 (29.1%) of 110 participants. Positive HBs antigen anti-HBs negative was identified in 1 (0.9%) of 110 participants. In questionnaire analysis, significant risk factors for HBV infection among HBs antibody - positive participants were tooth extraction in 29 (90.6%), and needle stick injuries in 18 (56.2%) of 32 participants. Only 3 (9.3%) of 32 participants with HBs antibody - positive had history of post infected HBV for several years ago. In 1 participant with HBs antigen - positive, significant risk factors were needle stick injuries, acupuncture, tooth extraction, and contact infected person. The most significant risk factors for transmission of hepatitis B in health care worker in Pekanbaru city are tooth extraction and needle stick injuries.Key words: Hepatitis B virus (HBV), HBs antibody, HBs antigen, health care worker, risk factor DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v41n3.245
Imunitas Bawaan pada Kusta: Hubungan Ekspresi Kaspase-1 dengan Interleukin-18 pada Lesi Kulit Pasien Kusta Suwarsa, Oki; Gunawan, Hendra; Achdiat, Pati Aji
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 48, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v48n3.849

Abstract

Respons imun terhadap Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) terdiri atas respons imun bawaan dan didapat. Salah satu enzim yang berperan pada imunitas bawaan adalah kaspase-1 dengan fungsi memecah sitokin proinflamasi prointerleukin (IL)-18 menjadi IL-18 aktif. IL-18 bersama IL-12 secara sinergis akan merangsang produksi interferon (IFN-γ) sehingga timbul respons imun seluler yang bersifat protektif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis korelasi positif ekspresi kaspase-1 dengan IL-18 pada lesi kulit pasien kusta. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama bulan Oktober–Desember 2014 di Poliklinik Morbus Hansen Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin serta Laboratorium Imunohistokimia Departemen Patologi Anatomi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran/Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian klinis analitik observasional dengan rancangan potong lintang. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 19 pasien kusta yang didapatkan melalui consecutive sampling. Terhadap subjek penelitian dilakukan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisis, pemeriksaan bakteriologis, dan biopsi plong. Pada jaringan hasil biopsi lesi kulit dilakukan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia ekspresi kaspase-1 dan IL-18 yang dinilai dengan histoscore, kemudian dilakukan analisis korelasi menggunakan uji Rank-Spearman. Pada hasil penelitian ini didapatkan nilai ekspresi histoscore kaspase-1 pada lesi kulit pasien kusta berturut-turut tipe tuberkuloid (TT)=12,00; borderline tuberculoid (BT)=8,33; mid-borderline (BB)=8,00; borderline lepromatous (BL)=4,00; dan lepromatous (LL)=10,67. Nilai histoscore ekspresi IL-18 pada lesi kulit pasien kusta berturut-turut pada tipe TT=9,33; BT=6,50; BB=4,60; BL=4,00; dan LL=9,33. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik uji Rank-Spearman pada derajat kepercayaan 95% didapatkan korelasi positif yang bermakna antara ekspresi histoscore kaspase-1 dan IL-18 (rs=0,618; p=0,005). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat korelasi positif antara ekspresi kaspase-1 dan IL-18 pada lesi kulit pasien kusta. Semakin tinggi ekspresi kaspase-1 pada lesi kulit pasien kusta maka semakin tinggi ekspresi IL-18. [MKB. 2016;48(3):181–6]Kata kunci: Imunitas bawaan, interleukin-18, kaspase-1, kustaInnate Immunity in Leprosy: Correlation between Caspase-1 and Interleukin-18 Expression in Leprosy Patient’s Skin Lesion Immune response against M. leprae contains innate and adaptive immunity. Caspase-1 is one of the enzymes which have a role in innate immunity to activate pro-IL-18 into its active form. IL-18 and IL-12 sinergically enhance the production of IFN-γ which triggers the protective cellular immunity. The aim of this study was to analyze the positive correlation between the expression of caspase-1 and IL-18 in leprosy patients’ skin lesions. The study was conducted from October tol December 2014 at the Dermatology and Venereology, and Immunohistochemistry Laboratory, Pathology Anatomy Department, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. This was a clinical observational analytical study with cross-sectional design. Subjects were 19 leprosy patients recruited through consecutive sampling. History taking, physical examination, bacteriological examination, and punch biopsy were performed on all subjects. Caspase-1 and IL-18 expressions were examined and measured with histoscore. Correlation analysis was performed using Rank-Spearman test. The histoscore for the expression of caspase-1 in leprosy patients’ skin lesions was as follows: TT type=12.00; BT=8.33; BB=8,00; BL=10.00; and LL=10.67. The histoscore for the IL-18 expression in leprosy patients’ skin lesions were TT type=9.33; BT=4.60; BL=4.00; and LL=9.33. Rank-Spearman analysis with desired confidence level of 95% showed a statistically significant positive correlation between the histoscore of caspase-1 expression and IL-18 expression.(rs=0.618, p=0.005). In conclusion, this study demonstrates a positive corelation between caspase-1 expression and IL-18 expression in leprosy skin lesions. An increase of caspase-1 expression indicates an increase of IL-18 expression. [MKB. 2016;48(3):181–6]Key words: Caspase-1, interleukin-18, innate immunity, leprosy
Hubungan Antara Nilai Indeks Pertumbuhan Vertikal Wajah dan Kejadian Otitis Media Kronik pada Subras Deutero Melayu Dewasa Widyastuti, Henny; Aroeman, Nur Akbar; Wijana, -
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 46, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Nilai indeks pertumbuhan vertikal wajah (VERT) menggambarkan  pertumbuhan kraniofasial. Nilai ini berdampak pada pertumbuhan tuba eustakius. Perbedaan morfologi kraniofasial berkorelasi dengan fungsi dan anatomi tuba eustakius serta otot tensor veli palatini yang berperan pada patogenesis otitis media kronik (OMK). Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh nilai indeks pertumbuhan vertikal wajah (VERT) dan sefalometri terhadap kejadian OMK yang merupakan penelitian kasus-kontrol dengan subyek yang berobat jalan di poliklinik Telinga Hidung Tenggorok-Bedah Kepala Leher (THT-KL) Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung selama bulan September‒November 2013. Dilakukan pengukuran sefalometri dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok penderita OMK dan kontrol, perbedaan nilai rata-rata ke duanya dihitung dengan uji t atau uji Mann-Whitney, kemudian dihitung indeks VERT rata-rata, dan hubungan antara kedua variabel dianalisis dengan Rasio Odds. 4 dari 7 subjek kelompok kasus merupakan tipe wajah bulat pendek/brakfasial dengan sudut kedalaman wajah lebih besar  (t = 3,408,  p=0,005) dan sudut bidang mandibula lebih kecil (t= - 4,055; p= 0,002). Subyek dengan indeks VERT > +0,5 (brakhifasial) memiliki risiko 8x untuk menjadi OMK (OR: 8; IK 95%: 0,41–309,1). Simpulan, indeks VERT berhubungan dengan kejadian OMK pada subras Deutero Melayu dewasa. Kata kunci: Indeks vertikal, otitis media kronik, sefalometriAssociation between Vertical Growth Index and Chronic Otitis Media Incident in Adult Deutero MalaysVertical growth index (VERT) describes craniofacial growth. This value affects the eustachian tube growth. Differences in craniofacial morphology correlates with eustachian tube anatomy function and tensor veli palatini muscles that play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic otitis media (COM). This study aimed to determine the effect of vertical growth index (VERT) and cephalometry on COM incident. The design was case-control with subjects from the outpatient clinic of otolaryngology head and neck surgery, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during the period of September to November 2013. Subjects were divided into two groups: COM group and control group. Cephalometric measurements were performed and the mean values difference of both groups were calculated using t test or Mann-Whitney test. The mean index VERT was then calculated for each groups and relationship between risk factors and effects were analyzed using Odds Ratio. Four of 7 subjects in the COM group have a short round  face/brachifacial type with  greater facial  depth  angle (t=3.408, p=0.005) with smaller mandibular plane angle are (t = - 4.055, p=0.002). Subjects with VERT index > +0.5 (brachyfacial type) have eight times higher risk to be COM (OR: 8; 95% CI: 0.41 to 309.1). In conclusion, the VERT index has an association with COM incident in adult Deutero Malays. Key words: Cephalometry, chronic otitis media, vertical index DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v46n3.312
Pemberian Asam Valproat pada Induk Tikus Bunting Menghambat Sintesis Insulin pada Sel Otak Anak Tikus Komariah, Komariah; Kiranadi, Bambang; Winanto, Adi; Manalu, Wasmen; Handharyani, Ekowati
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 49, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v49n3.1119

Abstract

Asam valproat memengaruhi aktivitas histone deacetylase yang berperan dalam ekspresi gen selama organogenesis. Insulin berperan dalam proliferasi dan diferensiasi sel-sel saraf dentate gyrus hipokampus. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh pemaparan asam valproat pada induk bunting terhadap ekspresi gen insulin pada dentate gyrus. Penelitian dilakukan di UPHL IPB pada bulan Mei 2015 hingga Desember 2016 dengan  84 ekor anak tikus yang dilahirkan oleh induk tikus kontrol yang diberi asam valproat 250 mg pada umur kebuntingan 10, 13, dan 16 hari digunakan untuk pengamatan kadar glukosa, insulin, DNA, RNA, dan rasio RNA/DNA serta pengamatan mikroskopis otak. Pengamatan dilakukan selang waktu empat minggu, dimulai dari umur 4 sampai 32 minggu. Anak tikus yang dilahirkan oleh induk tikus yang diberi asam valproat selama kebuntingan mempunyai kadar glukosa otak yang lebih tinggi (p<0,01) dan insulin yang lebih rendah (p<0,05).  Selama periode pertumbuhan, anak tikus yang dilahirkan oleh induk tikus yang diberi asam valproat mengalami peningkatan kadar glukosa dan penurunan kadar insulin (p<0.05). Pengamatan mikroskopis sel-sel dentate gyrus menunjukkan degenerasi sel dan tidak terlihat reaksi imunoreaktif terhadap insulin, namun terjadi penurunan konsentrasi DNA, RNA, serta rasio RNA/DNA (p<0,05). Pemberian asam valproat pada induk tikus pada umur kebuntingan 10, 13, dan 16 hari memengaruhi organogenesis otak anak tikus sehingga menyebabkan kerusakan sel-sel saraf penghasil insulin otak yang ditunjukkan oleh  penurunan sekresi dan kadar insulin. [MKB. 2017;49(3):156–64]Kata kunci: Asam valproat, dentate gyrus, insulin, organogenesis Valproic Acid Administration in Pregnant Rats Inhibits Insulin Synthesis n in Brain Cells of the OffspringsValproic acid affects the activity of histone deacetylase which eventually affects gene expression during organogenesis. Insulin plays a role in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of the dentate gyrus. This experiment was designed to study the effects of valproic acid administration on the expression of insulin gene in the dentate gyrus of pregnant rats.  This study was carried out at the Laboratory Animal Management Unit (UPHL) of Bogor Agricultural University  from May 2015 to December 2016, with eighty four newborn rats from control rats and VA-administered rats at the age of 10, 13, and 16 days of pregnancy. The measurements were done for glucose, insulin, DNA, and RNA concentrations in dentate gyrus and to observe the microscopic condition of the brain at the ages of 4 to 32 weeks with 4 weeks interval.  Rats born form mothers administered by 250 mg valproic acid during pregnancy had higher glucose concentrations (p<0.01) and lower insulin concentrations (p<0.05) in the dentate gyrus. During the post-natal growth phase, rats born from mothers administered with valproic acid had increased glucose concentrations and decreased insulin concentrations (p<0.05). Microscopic observations of the dentate gyrus showed degeneration of nerve cells with no immunoreaction to insulin was seen in dentate gyrus cells. However, the concentrations of DNA, RNA, and the ratio of RNA/DNA in the dentate gyrus cells decreased (p<0.05). The administration of valproic acid to pregnant rats at the age of 10, 13, and 16 days of pregnancy destructs  brain organogenesis of the offsprings which eventually disturbs insulin production in the dentate gyrus indicated by decreased insulin secretion and concentrations.  [MKB. 2017;49(3):156–64]Key words: Dentate gyrus, insulin, organogenesis, valproic acid
Old Mice Epididymal Sperm Quality After Short Term Gavage of Cogon Grass Root Ethanol Extract Lubis, Alkaustariyah; Widyastuti, Rini; Robianto, Sondi; Priscilla, Madeleine; Syamsunarno, Mas Rizky A. A.
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 50, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v50n2.1238

Abstract

Cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica) has been known as traditional herb because of its antioxidant activity. The oxidant level in the body increases linearly with age. Antioxidant works by decreasing the vulnerability of mammalian spermatozoa towards free radical attack. This study aimed to determine whether the active compound of Imperata cyclindrica root extract improved or damaged  sperm function in old mice. This was a complete randomized study performed in the Mouse Animal Laboratory Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran during the period of August to December 2017. This study was carried out by oral administration of three different doses i.e 115, 230, and 345 mg/kg body weight of cogon grass root ethanol extract into 24- weeks-old DDY strain mice for 14 days. Results showed no significant difference in body weight  and testicular index before and after treatment (p<0.05). Interestingly, sperm concentration decreased significantly in 345 mg/kgBW group when compared  to control (2.03x106 and 6.43x106 respectively, p<0.05). On the other hand, sperm motility and sperm with normal morphology increased following dose pattern, although not significantly, when compared to control (p<0.05). Hence, cogon grass root ethanol extract cannot maintain optimum epididymal sperm quality in old mice.  Key words: Aging, Imperata cylindrica, sperm quality Kualitas Sperma Epididimis Mencit Tua setelah Pemberian Ekstrak Akar Alang-Alang secara Oral Jangka PendekAlang-alang (Imperata cylindrica) dikenal sebagai obat tradisional karena efek antioksidan yang dimiliki. Kadar oksidan pada tubuh meningkat seiring pertambahan usia. Antioksidan bekerja dengan cara mengurangi kerentanan spermatozoa terhadap radikal bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan apakah komponen aktif ekstrak akar alang-alang dapat memperbaiki atau merusak fungsi sperma pada mencit tua. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Hewan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran periode Agustus hingga Desember 2017. Eksperimen dibagi menjadi satu grup kontrol dan tiga grup perlakuan dengan dosis 115, 230 dan 345 mg/kgBB selama 14 hari. Hasil menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pada berat badan dan index testis sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Menariknya, jumlah sperma menurun dengan signifikan pada kosentrasi tertinggi 345 mg/kgBB dibanding kontrol, yaitu 2,03x106 dan 6,43x106 (p<0.05). Selain itu, terjadi peningkatan motilitas sperma dan morfologi normal secara gradual hingga dosis tertinggi dibanding dengan kontrol walaupun tidak signifikan. Berdasar atas hasil yang didapat, ekstrak akar alang-alang dapat menjaga kualitas sperma pada mencit tua walaupun tidak optimal.Kata kunci: Imperata cylindrica, kualitas sperma, penuaan 
Kapasitas Fungsi Intelektual pada Berbagai Kelompok Interaksi Sosial Anak Autis Moekdas, Raddi; Sukadi, Abdurachman; Yuniati, Tetty
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 42, No 3
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Autis dikelompokkan berdasarkan interaksi sosial dan kapasitas fungsi intelektual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kelompok interaksi sosial dan kapasitas fungsi intelektual. Penelitian dilakukan Januari–Maret 2007 pada anak autis di pusat terapi Our Dream dan Indigrow Bandung dengan rancangan hybride selective prevalence. Anak autis dikelompokkan berdasarkan interaksi sosial serta kapasitas fungsi intelektual. Usia dan riwayat terapi perilaku merupakan faktor perancu kelompok interaksi sosial. Uji statistik pada penelitian ini menggunakan Kruskall-Wallis dan Kolmogorov-Smirnov dua populasi. Subjek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi berjumlah 99 anak. Kelompok aloof, pasif, aktif tetapi aneh masing-masing sebanyak dua, 31, dan 66 anak autis. Kapasitas fungsi intelektual rendah sebanyak 70 dan tinggi 29 anak autis. Usia £5 dan >5 tahun ditemukan pada 58 dan 41 anak autis (pKW= 0,453). Riwayat pernah dan belum pernah mendapat terapi perilaku ditemukan pada 37 dan 62 anak autis (pKS = 1,00). Didapatkan 70 anak (71%) memiliki kapasitas fungsi intelektual rendah dan 29 anak (29%) dengan kapasitas fungsi intelektual tinggi. Kelompok interaksi sosial berhubungan bermakna dengan kapasitas fungsi intelektual anak autis (p= 0,04). Disimpulkan bahwa kelompok interaksi sosial aloof, pasif dan aktif tetapi aneh berhubungan dengan kapasitas fungsi intelektual rendah dan tinggi. [MKB. 2010;42(3):96-100].Kata kunci: Autis, kapasitas fungsi intelektual, kelompok interaksi sosial Intellectual Functioning in Social Interaction Subgroups of Autism ChildrenAutism classified based on social interaction and intellectual functioning. Aim of this study was to find out the association between social interaction and intellectual functioning. This hybride selective prevalence design study was conducted from January–March 2007 on autism children admitted to therapy center of Our Dream and Indigrow, Bandung. Subjects were classified based on social interaction and intellectual functioning. Age and history of behavior therapy were confounding factors. Data was analyzed using Kruskall-Wallis and two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Subjects who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were 99 autism children. Subgroups aloof, passive, and active but odd were two, 31, 66 children, respectively. Low and high functioning were found in 70 and 29 children. Age of £5 and > 5 years were found in 58 and 41 children (pKW = 0.453). Classification of behavioral therapy were 37 and 62 children (pKS = 1.00). The association of social interaction with intellectual functioning autism showed significant value 0.04. In conclusion, this study showed association of social interaction aloof,passive, and active but odd with low and high intellectual functioning. [MKB. 2010;42(3):96-100].Key words: Autism, intellectual functioning, social interaction subgroups DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v42n3.17
Pengembangan Metode In-House HLA-Typing Gen HLA Kelas I (HLA A, HLA B, dan HLA C) Menggunakan Next Generation Sequencing Illumina MiSeq Yuliwulandari, Rika; Prayuni, Kinasih; Kenconoviyati, Kenconoviyati; Susilowati, R. W.; M. Sofro, Abdul Salam
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 47, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Human leucocyte antigen (HLA) adalah protein penyaji antigen yang lokus genetiknya berada di kromosom 6p21 dengan ukuran sebesar 3,8 Mb dan berasosiasi dengan lebih dari 100 penyakit berbeda yang  kebanyakan merupakan penyakit autoimun. Proses HLA-typing menggunakan sekuensing Sanger masih memberikan ambiguitas terhadap determinasi alel, low-throughput, dan membutuhkan biaya besar untuk sampel dalam jumlah besar. Next generation sequencing (NGS) menjadi metode yang dapat mengatasi kelemahan sekuensing Sanger. MiSeq dari Illumina merupakan salah satu NGS yang digunakan untuk HLA-typing. MiSeq memberikan kemudahan preparasi dan fleksibilitas metode yang dapat dikembangkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan laboratorium penelitian. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Molekular Genetik, Laboratorium Terpadu Universitas YARSI pada empat orang mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI etnik Melayu selama periode Mei–Desember 2014. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat total 546 SNP heterozygous, 888 SNP homozygous, 25 insersi, dan 23 delesi dari keseluruhan 11 sampel amplikon dengan coverage 2.106,536x dengan 2x25 siklus pembacaan. Optimasi metode HLA-typing dapat dikatakan berhasil dengan mengombinasikan long-range PCR dan pemilihan ukuran library 300–600 bp. [MKB. 2015;47(3):152–159]Kata kunci: HLA Kelas I, MiSeq, next generation sequencingDevelopment of Class I HLA Gene In-House HLA-Typing Methods (HLA A, HLA B, and HLA C) using Next Generation Sequencing Illumina MiSeqAbstractHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA) is a 3.8 Mb protein presenting antigen whose genetic locus is located in chromosome 6p21 area and have association with more than 100 different diseases that are mostly autoimmune diseases. HLA-typing process using Sanger sequencing still  creates ambiguity in the  determination of  alleles, low-throughput, and costly as it requires a large quantity of sample. Next generation sequencing (NGS) is a method that can overcome the drawbacks of Sanger sequencing. MiSeq Illumina is one of the NGSs that are used for HLA-typing. This study was conducted at the Laboratory of Molecular, Universitas YARSI in a period from May to December 2014. MiSeq provides convenience and flexibility in the preparation methods that can be developed according to the needs of the research laboratory. The results showed that there were a total of 546 SNPs that were heterozygous, 888homozygous SNP, 25 insertions and 23 deletions from the overall 11 amplicon samples with an average coverage with 2x25 read length of  2,106,536x. Our protocol generates good result as we combined long PCR amplicon and size selection method to 300–600 bp fragment.  [MKB. 2015;47(3):152–159]Key words: HLA Class I, MiSeq, next generation sequencing DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v47n3.389
Hasil Fungsional Pascaoperasi Pasien dengan Dislokasi Panggul Kongenital pada Kelompok Usia Berjalan Achmad, Iwan Hipsa; Ismiarto, Yoyos Dias
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 50, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v50n4.1359

Abstract

Kasus dislokasi panggul kongenital (DDH) masih terjadi setelah usia berjalan karena terlambat atau tidak terdiagnosis. Pilihan pengobatan untuk DDH setelah usia berjalan adalah prosedur bedah telah menjadi tantangan pada bidang ortopaedi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai hasil klinis dan radiografi pengobatan bedah DDH setelah usia berjalan. Penelitian ini melibatkan 13 pasien (15 panggul) di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung tahun 2012–2015 yang telah dilakukan tindakan operatif pada usia 1 sampai 7 tahun dengan tindakan reduksi terbuka, femoral osteotomi, dan osteotomi panggul. Hasil klinis akhir setelah follow up (rerata 22 bulan) memiliki hasil excellent 5 pasien, good 7 pasien, fair 2 pasien, dan poor satu pasien. Secara radiologi hasilnya adalah Kelas I (excellent) 8 pasien, Kelas II (good) 5 pasien, Kelas III (fair) satu pasien, dan kelas IV (poor) satu pasien. Hasil yang memuaskan adalah 10 pasien secara klinis dan 11 pasien (dinilai dari radiologi). Simpulan, hasil fungsional pasien DDH yang dilakukan perawatan setelah operasi di usia berjalan mayoritas memiliki hasil yang baik.Kata kunci: Dislokasi panggul kongenital, hasil fungsional, usia berjalan Post-operative Functional Outcome in Walking-Age Patients with Congenital Hip Dislocation Cases of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) still occur after walking age because of late or missed diagnosis. The treatment of choice for DDH after walking age is surgical procedure, which has been a challenge in the orthopedic field. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and radiographic results of surgical treatment of DDH after walking age. The study included 13 patients (15 hips) who underwent surgeries at the age of 1 to 7 years with open reduction, femoral osteotomy, and pelvic osteotomy procedures  in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from 2012–2015. The final clinical outcomes at the end of the follow up period (mean = 22 months) was excellent in 5 patients, good in 7 patients, fair in 2 patients, and poor in one patient. The final radiological results presented Class I (excellent) in 8 patients, Class II (good) in 5 patients, Class III (fair) in one patient, and Class IV (poor) in one patient. The number of patients that had satisfactory outcome was 10 patients clinically and 11 patients radiologically. It is concluded that the functional outcome of DDH patients surgery in walking is mostly good. Key words:DDH, functional outcome, walking age 
Kejadian Atopi pada Bayi Usia 6 Bulan yang Mendapat Kombinasi ASI dan Susu Formula Mengandung Probiotik dan Nonprobiotik Yuniati, Tetty; Sukadi, Abdurachman
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 43, No 2
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Kelahiran seksio sesarea menyebabkan terlambatnya kolonisasi flora usus sehingga akan meningkatkan kejadian atopi. Probiotik menstimulasi respons imun sehingga akan menurunkan kejadian atopi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan apakah terdapat perbedaan kejadian atopi pada bayi yang diberikan kombinasi ASI dengan susu formula yang mengandung probiotik dan tanpa probiotik. Randomized open label clinical trial dilakukan selama periode November 2009 sampai Oktober 2010 terhadap 96 bayi normal, berat badan lahir ≥2.500 g, lahir dengan seksio sesarea di RS Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Sejak lahir, selama 4 minggu sebanyak 48 bayi diberikan kombinasi ASI dan susu formula probiotik dan 48 bayi sebagai kontrol, selanjutnya pemberian minuman bergantung pada orangtua. Dilakukan pencatatan lama menyusui, jumlah formula, dan faktor risiko atopi. Skin prick test dilakukan pada usia 6 bulan. Diagnosis atopi ditegakkan jika terbentuk wheal ≥4 mm. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan chi-square untuk data kategori dan uji t untuk data numerik. Lama menyusui, jumlah formula, dan faktor risiko atopi tidak berbeda secara bermakna pada kedua kelompok (p>0,05). Reaksi atopi ditemukan positif pada 4/23 bayi yang mendapat probiotik dan 10/28 bayi tanpa probiotik (p>0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa kejadian atopi tidak berbeda antara kelompok yang diberikan ASI dan susu formula mengandung probiotik dan tidak mengandung probiotik. [MKB. 2011;43(2):55–9].Kata kunci: Atopi, kelahiran seksio sesarea, probiotikAtopic Occurence on Six-month-old Infants between Probiotic Formula-fed and Non Probiotic Formula-fed Healthy Born by Cesarean DeliveryCesarean delivery might delayed the colonization of newborn intestine and increase atopic disorders. Probiotic shown to stimulate immune responses, which has implied in the development of atopic disorders. The aim of the study was to find out the difference of atopic occurence in breastfed infants born by cesarean delivery given probiotic formula and non probiotic formula. Randomized open label clinical trial was performed on 96 healthy infants, birth weight ≥2,500 g, born by cesarean delivery in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung during November 2009 to October 2010. Since birth, 48 infants were breastfed combined with probiotic formula and 48 infants as control group for 4 weeks and afterwards the feeding pattern depend on the parents. Skin prick test reaction was performed at 6 months old and atopy was diagnosed if the wheal ≥4 mm. Statistical analysis using chi-square and t-test. The duration of daily breastfeeding, amount of formula and risk factor for atopic disorders were not significantly different in both groups (p>0.05). Atopy were positive in 4/23 infants with probiotic and 10/28 infants positive without probiotic. It was not significantly different (p>0.05). Conclusion, the atopic occurence is not different at 6 months-old receiving breastmilk with probiotic and non probiotic formula. [MKB. 2011;43(2):55–9].Key words: Atopy, caesarean delivery, probiotic DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v43n2.45
Prevalensi Sarkopenia pada Lansia di Komunitas (Community Dwelling) berdasarkan Dua Nilai Cut-off Parameter Diagnosis Vitriana, Vitriana; Defi, Irma Ruslina; Irawan, Gaga Nugraha; Setiabudiawan, Budi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 48, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v48n3.417

Abstract

Sarkopenia, sindrom penurunan massa dan fungsi otot terkait usia dapat mengurangi kualitas hidup dan peningkatan mortalitas pada lanjut usia (lansia). Banyak metode penapisan dan definisi operasional menyebabkan angka prevalensi sarkopenia bervariasi di dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui prevalensi sarkopenia pada lansia yang tinggal di komunitas berdasarkan massa otot yang diukur dengan bioimpedance analysis, kekuatan genggam tangan menggunakan hand dynamometer, serta performa fisik melalui uji jalan 6 menit dengan mempergunakan dua nilai cut-off, nilai rekomendasi Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) dan nilai populasi lansia Taiwan karena belum didapatkan nilai cut-off populasi lansia Indonesia. Penelitian deskriptif potong lintang pada 229 partisipan (71 orang laki-laki dan 158 orang perempuan) dengan menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling dilakukan pada bulan Agustus sampai Desember 2014 pada populasi lansia di Kota Bandung dan Jatinangor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan angka prevalensi sarkopenia berdasarkan nilai cut-off rekomendasi AWGS adalah 9,1% (7,4% untuk laki-laki dan 1,7% untuk perempuan), sedangkan prevalensi sarkopenia berdasarkan nilai cut-off populasi Taiwan sebesar 40,6% (20,1% untuk laki-laki dan 20,5% untuk perempuan). Perbedaan prevalensi yang cukup besar mendorong diperlukan penetapan nilai cut-off parameter diagnosis sarkopenia spesifik pada populasi lansia Indonesia yang tinggal di komunitas untuk dapat menentukan prevalensi sarkopenia lebih akurat. [MKB. 2016;48(3):164–70]Kata kunci: Cut-off, lansia, komunitas, prevalensi, sarkopenia Sarcopenia Prevalence In Community-Dwelling Elderly based on Two Cut-off Points Diagnosis ParametersSarcopenia, aging muscle mass loss, and function syndromes can lead to decreased quality of life and increased elderly mortality. The availability of various screening methods and operational definitions in different studies has produced different findings of sarcopenia prevalence. The purpose of this study was to discover the prevalence of sarcopenia in Indonesian community-dwelling elderly based on muscle mass measured by bioimpedance analysis, handgrip strength using hand dynamometer, and physical performance based on six minutes walking test  with two different cut-off point parameters of sarcopenia, i.e. the cut-off point recommended by Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) and the cut-off point based on the reference used in  Taiwan elderly population reference due to the lack of references for Indonesian elderly population. A cross-sectional study was conducted to 229 participants (71 men and 158 women) from the community-dwelling elderly population between August and December 2014 in Bandung and Jatinangor. The results of the study showed that the sarcopenia prevalence in this study based on AWGS was 9.1% (7.4% in men and 1.7% in women) while the prevalence based on the Taiwan reference revealed a prevalence of 40.6% (20.1% in men and 20.5% in women). This highly different prevalences shows the importance of defining a specific cut-off point for elderly population in community-dwelling Indonesia to get a more accurate sarcopenia prevalence. [MKB. 2016;48(3):164–70Key words: Community dwelling, cut-off, elderly, prevalence, sarcopenia

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