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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 0126074X     EISSN : 23386223     DOI : 10.15395/mkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung (MKB)/Bandung Medical Journal publishes peer-reviewed original articles and case reports in basic medical research, clinical research, and applied medical science. This journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication.
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Articles 651 Documents
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Validitas Kidney Injury Molecule-1 Urin Metode Mikro Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Sebagai Penanda Dini Gangguan Ginjal Akut pada Sepsis Balqis, Lulu Fahrizah; Noormartany, Noormartany; Gondodiputro, Rubin Surachno; Rita, Coriejati
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 48, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v48n1.729

Abstract

Gangguan ginjal akut (GgGA) adalah penurunan fungsi ginjal ditandai peningkatan kreatinin serum ≥0,3 mg/dL atau >1,5 kali dibanding dengan kadar sebelumnya atau penurunan urine output <0,5 mL/jam lebih dari 6 jam. Sepsis merupakan penyebab tersering GgGA (20–50%). Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) adalah glikoprotein transmembran tipe-1. Kadar KIM-1 urin penderita GgGA akibat sepsis meningkat lebih awal dibanding dengan kreatinin serum. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui validitas KIM-1 urin sebagai penanda dini GgGA pada sepsis, dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Februari–Mei 2013. Bentuk penelitian observasional analitik khusus dengan rancangan potong lintang. Subjek penelitian adalah penderita sepsis yang didiagnosis klinisi sesuai kriteria The American College of Chest Physician/The Society of Critical Care Medicine 2001, berdasarkan consecutive admission sampling. Metode yang digunakan mikro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Analisis dengan chi-kuadrat, Mann-Whitney, tabel 2x2, dan kurva receiver operating curve untuk menghitung validitas. Subjek terdiri atas 25 penderita sepsis dengan GgGA dan 25 penderita sepsis tanpa GgGA. Kadar KIM-1 urin penderita sepsis dengan GgGA meningkat dibanding dengan tanpa GgGA. Kadar KIM-1 urine cut-off >0,8 ng/mL memiliki sensitivitas 96%, spesifisitas 60%, nilai duga positif 70,6%, nilai duga negatif 93,8%, dan akurasi 78%. Simpulan, sensitivitas KIM-1 urin tinggi, spesifisitas sedang sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai skrining GgGA pada penderita sepsis. [MKB. 2016;48(1):19–25]Kata kunci: GgGA, KIM-1, sepsis, validitas Validity of Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1 Using Micro Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Method as an Early Marker of Acute Kidney Injury in Sepsis PatientsAAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a rapid decline in renal function marked by increased serum creatinine of ≥0.3 mg/dL or >1.5 times higher than the previous levels or decreased urine output of <0.5 mL/hour for more than 6 hours. Sepsis is the most common cause of AKI (20–50%). Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is a type-1 transmembrane glycoprotein. Urinary KIM-1 levels of sepsis patients due to AKI increases earlier than the serum creatinine levels; thus KIM-1 may serve as an AKI marker. This study aimed to determine the validity of urinary KIM-1 as the early marker in sepsis patients with AKI. The study was a specific observational analytical study with cross-sectional design, conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in February–May 2013. Subjects were patients diagnosed with sepsis by clinicians according to the criteria of the The American College of Chest Physician/The Society of Critical Care Medicine 2001 and were selected by consecutive sampling admissions. Urinary KIM-1 levels were measured by micro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were analyzed by chi-square, Mann-Whitney, 2x2 tables, and receiver operating curve to measure validity. Subjects consisted of 25 sepsis patients with AKI and 25 sepsis patients without AKI. Urinary KIM-1 level of sepsis patient with AKI increased compared to patients without AKI. Level of urinary KIM-1 with a cut-off of >0.8 ng/mL presented 96% sensitivity, 60% specificity, 70.6% positive predictive value, 93.8% negative predictive value and 78% accuracy. In conclusion, the level of urinary KIM-1 has high sensitivity and moderate specificity thus can be used for AKI screening in sepsis patients. [MKB. 2016;48(1):19–25]Key words: AKI, KIM-1, sepsis, validity
Keberhasilan Fusi Tulang Belakang pada Spondilitis Tuberkulosis Rahim, Agus Rahadian; Tiksnadi, Bambang; Hidayat, Nucki N.; Ramdan, Ahmad
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 43, No 3
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Fusi tulang belakang pada spondilitis tuberkulosis bertujuan untuk menghilangkan sumber infeksi, koreksi deformitas, dan mengatasi komplikasi neurologis. Data tingkat keberhasilan fusi ini masih belum tersedia. Kendala lain adalah harga instrumentasi bermerek untuk operasi fusi tulang belakang sangat mahal. Penelitian studi kohort retrospektif ini untuk evaluasi keberhasilan fusi tulang belakang pada spondilitis tuberkulosis di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin, Bandung tahun 2005–2009. Didapatkan 115 kasus spondilitis tuberkulosis yang dioperasi terdiri atas 34 (29,3%) kasus anterior decompresion spinal fusion (ADSF) dan 81 (70,7%) kasus dengan menggunakan instrumentasi posterior. Dari 81 kasus tersebut, terdapat 3, 27, 26, dan 19 orang berturut-turut mengalami fusi tulang belakang setelah 4, 3, 2, dan 1 tahun pascaoperasi. Hanya 6 kasus yang belum mengalami fusi. Tingkat keberhasilan fusi tulang belakang pada kasus spondilitis tuberkulosis terbukti tinggi, 93%. Selain itu, instrumentasi lokal dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif instrumentasi yang bersifat cost effective untuk tindakan operasi fusi tulang belakang pada kasus spondilitis tuberkulosis dengan p=0,63. Sebagai kesimpulan, kasus spondilitis tuberkulosis yang memerlukan tindakan operasi fusi tulang belakang dapat ditangani dengan baik di RS Dr. Hasan Sadikin, dengan tingkat keberhasilan tinggi dan cost effective. [MKB. 2011;43(3):134–9].Kata kunci: Fusi tulang belakang, spondilitis tuberkulosisSuccessful Rate of Spinal Fusion in Spondylitis TuberculosisSpinal fusion for spondylitis tuberculosis is performed to diminish infection source, correct deformity and overcome neurologic complication. Data of spinal fusion rate has not been available yet. The other problem is that branded instrumentation price is very expensive. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate successful rate of spinal fusion in spondylitis tuberculosis performed in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung year 2005–2009. There were 115 cases of spondylitis tuberculosis which treated by operations, 34 cases (29.3%) with anterior decompresion spinal fusion (ADSF) and 81 cases (70.7%) using posterior instrumentation. From those 81 cases, 3, 27, 26, and 19 patients after surgery 4, 3, 2, dan 1 year had spinal fusion, consecutively. Only 6 cases who had not fused yet. The successful rate of spinal fusion in spondylitis tuberculosis, Bandung was proved to be high, 93%, and local instrument product could be used as a costly effective and good alternative treatment in operative management of spondylitis tuberculosis with p=0.63. As a conclusion, spondylitis tuberculosis cases which need spinal fusion can be well treated in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital with high successful rate and cost effective. [MKB. 2011;43(3):134–9].Key words: Spinal fusion, spondylitis tuberculosis DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v43n3.59
Pengalaman Traumatik Penyebab Gangguan Jiwa (Skizofrenia) Pasien di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Cimahi Yoseph, Iyus; Puspowati, Ni Luh Nyoman Sri; Sriati, Aat
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 41, No 4
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Salah satu faktor penyebab yang menjadi stresor seseorang mengalami gangguan jiwa adalah pengalaman traumatik. Pengalaman traumatik tersebut sulit dilupakan dan memiliki efek psikologis dalam waktu yang panjang. Apabila seseorang tidak mampu beradaptasi dalam menanggulangi stresor, maka akan timbul keluhan-keluhan dalam aspek kejiwaan, berupa gangguan jiwa ringan hingga berat. Salah satu bentuk gangguan jiwa yang paling banyak dan terus meningkat adalah gangguan jiwa berat yaitu skizofrenia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai pengalaman traumatik pasien skizofrenia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien skizofrenia yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Cimahi, subjek diperoleh berdasarkan purposive sampling sebanyak tujuh orang, pada bulan November 2008. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara secara mendalam (in depth interview). Hasil penelitian terhadap pengalaman traumatik tujuh pasien skizofrenia menunjukkan adanya lima tema yang muncul yaitu: cita-cita/keinginan tak tercapai/kegagalan, kehilangan orang yang dicintai, kehilangan pekerjaan, orangtua galak/pola asuh otoriter, dan mendapat tindakan kekerasan. Terungkapnya pengalaman tersebut, memberi informasi bagi tim kesehatan dalam mencegah dan mengatasi meningkatnya pasien skizofrenia, khususnya yang diakibatkan oleh pengalaman traumatik yang dapat menjadi pencetus, sehingga angka kejadianskizofrenia dapat ditekan seminimal mungkin. Kata kunci: Pengalaman traumatik, skizofrenia, stresorTraumatic Experiences of Mental Disorder Client (Schizophrenia) atMental Health Hospital CimahiOne factor causes as stressor of mental health disorder was traumatic experiences that experiences never forgotten and psychological long lasting effect. Whenever anyone could not be adaptation to fight the stressor, there will suffer light and state symptom in mental disorder as a manifestation. One kind of chronic mental health disorder is schizophrenia. The purpose of this research was to find out description about schizophrenic client traumatic experiences. The method of this research was qualitative method with phenomenological approach. The population of this research was schizophrenic client covering with purposive sampling. Amount of informants in this research was seven persons. Each of sample include 4 mans and 3 women's. Technical of data collecting used by in dept interview. The result of traumatic experiences from seven schizophrenic client showed that there was 5 theme: failed of dream/failed to reach the life goals, loss of significant persons, jobless, sadism parent/pattern of authoritarian parenting and abused experience. Based on the result of that experiences give information for health provider team to prevent and implementation of schizophrenic client, especially for schizophrenic which caused by traumatic experiences. So that the occurrence of schizophrenia number which triggered by traumatic experience can be depressed as minimum as possible. Key words: Traumatic experiences, schizophrenia DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v41n4.253
Uji Validasi Kadar Interleukin-4 (IL-4) Sebagai Alternatif Uji Diagnosis Infeksi Kecacingan Hermawati, Ike; Herman, Herry; Agoes, Ridad
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 48, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v48n4.912

Abstract

Infeksi kecacingan yang disebabkan oleh soil transmitted helminth (STH) dapat mengakibatkan gangguan gizi dan menurunkan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Imunitas terhadap infeksi cacing mengaktifkan respons Th2 yang ditandai oleh peningkatan kadar interleukin-4. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kadar IL-4 pada anak kecacingan dan yang tidak kecacingan serta menganalisis validitas pemeriksaan IL-4 sebagai indikator infeksi kecacingan. Sebanyak 74 sampel plasma EDTA diambil dari anak-anak kelas 1–3 SD di Kecamatan Jatinangor kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar IL-4 dengan metode ELISA. Hasil penelitian didapatkan kadar IL-4 pada subjek yang terinfeksi kecacingan lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibanding dengan subjek yang tidak terinfeksi (3,001 pg/mL berbanding 1,406 pg/mL ; p<0,001). Pada cut-off point 1,585 pg/mL, kadar IL-4 memiliki sensitivitas 66,7%, spesifisitas 65,9%, dan akurasi 66,2%. validitas instrumen pemeriksaan telur cacing berdasarkan pemeriksaan kadar Interleukin-4 termasuk kategori cukup dengan koefisien Κ (Kappa) sebesar 0,635. Kadar IL-4 pada subjek yang terinfeksi kecacingan meningkat 1,6 kali lebih tinggi dibanding dengan subjek yang tidak terinfeksi kecacingan. Simpulan, IL-4 merupakan pemeriksaan yang valid digunakan sebagai diagnostik infeksi kecacingan. [MKB. 2016;48(4):211–5]Kata kunci: Infeksi kecacingan, interleukin-4, uji validasiInterleukin-4 (IL-4) Level Validation Testing as A Helminthiasis Infection Diagnostic Testing AlternativeHelminth infection caused by soil transmitted helminths (STH) could be one of the reasons for malnutrition, impaired growth, and intelligence which will reduce the quality of human resources. Helminth infections are potent inducers of Th2 type responses as well as increased secretion of interleukin-4. The purpose of this study was to determine the interleukin-4 concentration in subjects with helminth infection and without helminth infection and to assess the validity of the plasma Interleukin-4 concentration assessment in helminth infection patients. This study examined 74 plasma samples from 1st-3rd grade elementary students in Jatinangor district using ELISA method. The results indicated that IL-4 concentration of helminth infection subjects was significantly higher compared to that of non-infected subjects (3.001 pg/mL vs 1.406 pg/mL, p<0.001). A cut-off point of 1.585 pg/mL for IL-4 concentration means 66.7% sensitivity, 65.9% specificity, and 66.2% accuracy . The validity of the helminth ova assessment instrument based on Interleukin-4 level testing is fair with a K (Kappa) coefficient of 0.635. The IL-4 level in helminth infection patient increased 1.6 times compared to non-infected subjects. In conclusion, IL-4 is a valid marker for diagnosing helminthiasis. [MKB. 2016;48(4):211–5]Key words: Helminth infection, Interleukin-4, validity test
Perbedaan Kadar HSP90 pada Preeklamsi Berat dengan Kehamilan Normal Soetrisno, -; Hari, Supriyadi; Sulistyowati, Sri; Antoni, Yusuf
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 47, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Preeklamsi berat merupakan penyebab kedua terbesar kematian ibu di seluruh dunia. Radikal bebas menstimulir kadar heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), diduga menentukan terjadinya preeklamsi berat. HSP90 merupakan protein penting untuk membantu pembentukan dan pemeliharaan protein lain serta untuk memacu kelangsungan hidup sel setelah terjadi berbagai macam keadaan patologis (fungsi chaperone). Fungsi chaperone merupakan faktor kunci adaptasi terhadap stres endogen di beberapa jaringan. Dengan mengetahui kadar HSP90, sebagai deteksi dini preeklamsi berat, maka dapat dilakukan upaya pencegahan dan penanganan secara dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan bahwa kadar HSP90 pada kehamilan dengan preeklamsi berat lebih tinggi dibanding dengan kehamilan normal. Metode penelitian studi kuantitatif observasional pendekatan potong lintang dengan pendekatan uji laboratoris kadar HSP90. Studi dilakukan bulan September–November 2013 di Bagian Obstetri dan Ginekologi RS Dr. Moewardi Surakarta dan Prodia Jakarta. Subjek 30 pasien terdiri atas 15 pasien hamil dengan preeklamsi berat dan 15 pasien normal. Dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar HSP90 serum dengan metode enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data dianalisis menggunakan uji-t dengan SPSS versi 17.00 for Windows. Didapatkan kadar  HSP90 rata-rata kelompok preeklamsi berat sebesar 131,91±26,66, sedangkan kelompok kehamilan normal 80,28±13,39 dengan p=0,00 (p<0,05). Kadar HSP90 serum preeklamsi berat lebih tinggi dibanding dengan kehamilan normal karena pada preeklamsi berat terjadi stres oksidatif. [MKB. 2015;47(2):65–8]Kata kunci: HSP90, preeklamsi berat, radikal bebasThe Difference of HSP 90 Level between Severe Pre-Eclampsia and Normal PregnancyAbstractsSevere pre-eclampsia is the second highest cause of maternal mortality. Free radicals that stimulate heat shock protein 90 (HSP 90) are believed to determine severe pre-eclampsia. HSP90 is an important protein that helps the establishment and maintenance of other proteins. It also increases the life time of cells after various pathological conditions (chaperone function). The chaperone function is the adaptation key factor to endogenous stress in tissues. By recognizing HSP90 level in early detection of severe pre-eclampsia, prevention and management can be started early. This study aimed to prove that the HSP90 level in pregnancy with severe pre-eclampsia is higher than normal pregnancy. This was a quantitative study using cross sectional approach by testing the HSP90 level.  The study was conducted during the period of September to November 2013, at the Obstetrics and Gynecological Unit, Moewardi Hospital Surakarta and Prodia Laboratory Jakarta. The number of subjects was 30 patients, consisting of 15 normal pregnant mothers and 15 pregnant  mothers with pre-eclampsia . The calculation of serum HSP90 level was conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed using t-test using SPSS for Windows version 17 for Windows. The mean of HSP90 in the severe pre-eclampsia group was 131.91±26.66 while the mean in the normal pregnancy group was 80.28±13.39 with p=0.00 (p<0.05). Level of HSP90 serum in severe pre-eclampsia is higher than in normal pregnancy, due to the occurrence of oxidative stress in severe pre-eclampsia. [MKB. 2015;47(2):65–8]Key words: Free radicals, HSP90,  severe pre-eclampsia DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v47n2.455
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus pada Penderita Dermatitis Atopik dan Sensitivitasnya terhadap Mupirosin Dibandingkan dengan Gentamisin Istasaputri M., Keni; Sutedja, Endang; Suwarsa, Oki; Sudigdoadi, Sunarjati
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 45, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) mulai dijumpai pada penderita dermatitis atopik (DA) derajat sedang hingga berat dan bersifat multiresisten terhadap antibiotik topikal. Gentamisin telah digunakan secara luas, sedangkan mupirosin merupakan pilihan utama eradikasi MRSA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kolonisasi MRSA pada penderita DA dan sensitivitasnya terhadap mupirosin dibandingkan dengan gentamisin di Poliklinik Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Survei potong lintang analitik dilakukan selama 19 September–31 Oktober 2011 terhadap 22 penderita DA derajat sedang hingga berat sesuai dengan Scoring Atopic Dermatitis objektif dan 22 individu sehat. Seluruh subjek dilakukan pemeriksaan apusan kulit untuk deteksi MRSA dan uji sensitivitas terhadap mupirosin dan gentamisin. Pada kedua kelompok masing-masing didapatkan 10 laki-laki dan 12 perempuan. Pada kelompok penderita DA didapatkan DA derajat sedang (10/22) dan berat (12/22), dengan lesi akut (14/22) dan kronik (8/22). Pertumbuhan S. aureus didapatkan pada 17/22 penderita DA dengan sensitivitas terhadap mupirosin 14/17 dan gentamisin 11/17 penderita. Pada individu sehat tidak didapatkan pertumbuhan koloni S. aureus. Galur MRSA ditemukan pada 3/17 penderita DA dan dianggap berbeda secara bermakna bila dibandingkan dengan individu sehat (p<0,01), galur ini bersifat sensitif terhadap mupirosin pada 2/3 penderita dan seluruhnya resisten terhadap gentamisin. Simpulan, kolonisasi MRSA perlu dicurigai pada penderita DA derajat sedang hingga berat, sehingga perlu pengobatan tambahan antibiotik topikal mupirosin. [MKB. 2013;45(1):36–44]Kata kunci: Dermatitis atopik, gentamisin, MRSA, mupirosinMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Atopic Dermatitis Patients and Its Sensitivity to Mupirocin Compared to GentamycinMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is found in moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) and is multiresistant against topical antibiotic. Gentamycin is widely used while mupirocin is the first line therapy to eliminate MRSA. This research is intended to observe the colonization of MSRA case in AD patients and its sensitivity to mupirocin compared to gentamycin in Dermato-venereology Clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. An analytical cross sectional survey was intended from 19th September–31st October 2011 in 22 moderate to severe AD patients based on objective Scoring Atopic Dermatitis and 22 healthy persons. All subjects went through skin-scraping, MSRA was detected and sensitivity test was done for mupirocin and gentamycin. The subjects consisted of 10 boys and 12 girls in both group. Based on severity, 10/22 of AD subjects were in moderate AD and 12/22 were severe AD, 14/22 of AD subjects presented with acute lesions and 8/22 subjects had chronic lesions. In the group of AD patients, 17/22 growth of S. aureus were found with sensitivity against mupirocin 14/17 and gentamycin 11/17. In healthy individual group, no  S. aureus growth was found. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain in AD patients was observed on 3/17 patients, and this was declared significantly different compared to healthy individuals (p <0.01). The isolates in 2/3 patients were sensitive to mupirocin and all patients were resistant to gentamycin. In conclusion, the patients of moderate to severe AD are prone to MRSA colonization and therefore requires mupirocin topical antibiotic treatment.  [MKB. 2013;45(1):35–43]Key words: Atopic dermatitis, gentamycin, MRSA, mupirocin DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v45n1.203
Kesesuaian antara Metode Microscopic Observation Drug Susceptibility Assay dan Ogawa pada Biakan Mycobacterium tuberculosis Dewi B., Ni Sayu; Parwati, Ida; Alisjahbana, Bachti; Turbawaty, Dewi Kartika
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 43, No 2
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di berbagai negara di dunia. Diagnosis pasti TB ditegakkan berdasarkan penemuan kuman M. tuberculosis pada pemeriksaan mikroskopik atau biakan sputum. Biakan merupakan baku emas, namun metode yang digunakan saat ini membutuhkan waktu minimal 8 minggu. Microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay (MODS) merupakan metode biakan untuk M. tuberculosis menggunakan media cair yang dapat sekaligus menguji kepekaan obat TB secara mikroskopik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesesuaian metode MODS dengan metode Ogawa (media padat) untuk biakan M. tuberculosis pada penderita TB paru. Penelitian cross sectional telah dilakukan di Departemen Patologi Klinik RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung dan pemeriksaan spesimen dilakukan di Balai Pengembangan Laboratorium Kesehatan (BPLK) Provinsi Jawa Barat periode April–Agustus 2010. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 133 penderita yang didiagnosis tersangka TB paru. Setiap spesimen ditanam pada dua media, media cair MODS dan media padat Ogawa. Analisis statistik kesesuaian metode MODS dengan Ogawa menggunakan uji koefisien Kappa. Terdapat 172 spesimen dari 133 subjek. Kesesuaian antara hasil biakan M. tuberculosis metode MODS dan Ogawa didapatkan nilai Kappa 0,91 yang berarti terdapat kesesuaian yang tinggi antara metode MODS dan Ogawa. Perbandingan waktu pertumbuhan M. tuberculosis secara bermakna lebih cepat (p = 0,000) pada metode MODS, yaitu 10,1 hari (rentang 4–21 hari), dibandingkan dengan metode Ogawa, yaitu 24,8 hari (rentang 14–35 hari). Simpulan, metode MODS dan Ogawa mempunyai angka keberhasilan diagnostik yang relatif sama, keunggulan metode MODS adalah pertumbuhan M. tuberculosis lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan metode Ogawa. [MKB. 2011;43(2):83–8].Kata kunci: Microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay (MODS), M. tuberculosis, Ogawa, sputumConformity Method Between Microscopic Observation Drug Susceptibility Assay and Ogawa Mycobacterium CultureTuberculosis (TB) is a problem of public health that causing high morbidity and mortality rates in various countries in the world. The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in adults can be established based on the discovery of M. tuberculosis on smear or culture of sputum. Culture is the gold standard but the availlable method is time consuming, it is need minimal eight weeks. Microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay (MODS) is one of methods for M. tuberculosis culture using liquid medium that can be a simultaneously test for M. tuberculosis drug sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to determine the conformity of the MODS method compared with Ogawa method for cultivation of M. tuberculosis in pulmonary TB patients. The cross sectional research has been conducted at Clinical Pathology Department of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung and examination of the specimen done at Health Laboratory Development Unit (BPLK), West Java Province between April to August 2010. The subjects were patients who diagnosed as pulmonary TB suspect. Each collected specimen was cultured in liquid media MODS and solid media Ogawa. To analyze the conformity of MODS and Ogawa method, Kappa coefficient of agreement was used. There were 172 specimens collected from 133 subjects. The conformity between culture results of M. tuberculosis in MODS method and in Ogawa’s method using Kappa coefficient, was high (Kappa index 0.91). The difference of growth time of M. tuberculosis significant (p=0.000), in MODS was 10.1 days (range 4–21 days) and in Ogawa method was 24.8 days (range 14–35 days). Conclusion, MODS and Ogawa’s method have the relatively similar diagnostic success rate, the advantage of MODS method is, the growth of M. tuberculosis is faster than in Ogawa method. [MKB. 2011;43(2):83–8].Key words: Microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay (MODS), M. tuberculosis, Ogawa, sputum DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v43n2.48
PENGARUH TEPUNG TERIPANG PASIR (Holothuria scabra) TERHADAP PERILAKU SEKSUAL DAN KADAR TESTOSTERON DARAH MENCIT (Mus musculus) Nurjanah, Sarifah; Gumbira-Sa'id, E; Syamsu, Khaswar; Suprihatin, Suprihatin; Riani, Etty
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 41, No 3
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Masyarakat meyakini teripang dapat dijadikan makanan yang dapat meningkatkan vitalitas laki-laki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi teripang sebagai aprodisiaka dengan mempelajari pengaruh tepung teripang pasir terhadap perilaku seksual mencit jantan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental laboratories. Perlakuan yang dikaji adalah pemberian tepung teripang pada tingkat dosis kandungan steroid 10, 30 dan 50 ìg steroid/100 g bobot badan mencit jantan, sebagai kontrol digunakan perlakuan tanpa pemberian hormon dan pemberian metil testosteron. Pemberian ekstrak dilakukan selama 12 hari. Pengamatan yang dilakukan meliputi perilaku seksual dan kadar testosteron darah mencit. Perilaku seksual mencit jantan yang diamati meliputi aktifitas kissing vagina dan mounting, yang dilakukan satu jam setelah pemberian ekstrak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian tepung teripang dapat meningkatkan frekuensi perilaku seksual mencit. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan oleh meningkatnya frekuensi perilaku kissing vagina dan mounting dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Frekuensi perilaku seksual tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh mencit yang diberi tepung teripang pada konsentrasi kandungan steroid 10 ìg /100 g bobot badan dengan frekuensi kissing vagina 25 kali dalam 30 menit dan mounting 6 kali dalam 30 menit. Pemberian tepung teripang juga dapat meningkatkan kadar testosteron dalam darah mencit percobaan. Hal ini diduga karena tepung teripang mengandung steroid juga mengandung sejumlah nutrisi yang sangat berguna dalam peningkatan libido. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa tepung teripang berpotensi sebagaiaprodisiaka alami.Kata kunci: tepung teripang, perilaku seksual, kadar testosteronEFFECT OF SANDFISH (HOLOTHURIA SCABRA) POWDER ON THE SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AND THE BLOOD TESTOSTERONE LEVEL OF THE MALE MOUSE (MUS MUSCULUS)Sea cucumber is generally believed as a natural material that can be used as a tonic food to increase man vitality. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sandfish powder on sexual behavior and blood testosterone level of male mice. Method applied in the study was laboratory experimental method. Mature male mice were treated with administration of sandfish powder with three dosage rate of steroid content (10, 30 and 50 ìg/100 g body weight) during 12 days, whereas for control treatment were without hormone administration and with the metil testosterone administration. Parameters that were investigated were kissing vagina and mounting for sexual behavior and the blood testosterone level of male mice. It was found that administration of sandfish powder significantly give effect on the number of kissing vagina and mounting compared to control. Administration of 10 ìg/100 g body weight on male mice showed the highest sexual behavior with 25 kissing vagina for and 6 mounting for 30 minutes. Moreover, administration of sandfish powder increased the testosterone level in the male mice blood. This may due to the steroid contained in sandfish powder and nutrition value that increase mice libido. The study proved that the sandfish powder has a potential as a nature aphrodisiac.Keywords: sandfish powder, sexual behavior, testosterone level DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v41n3.247
Efek Antidiabetes Kombinasi Ekstrak Bawang Putih (Allium sativum Linn.) dan Rimpang Kunyit (Curcumma domestica Val.) dengan Pembanding Glibenklamid pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Setiawan, Ame Suciati; Yulinah, Elin; Adnyana, I Ketut; Permana, Hikmat; Sudjana, Primal
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 43, No 1
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Kombinasi ekstrak bulbus bawang putih (Allium sativum Linn.) dan rimpang kunyit (Curcumma domestica Val.) dapat digunakan sebagai obat antidiabetes oral pada penderita diabetes melitus (DM) tipe 2, dan secara klinis telah terbukti dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dengan dosis 2,4 g/hari. Penelitian klinis dilakukan untuk melihat efek antidiabetes kombinasi ekstrak dibandingkan dengan antidiabetik oral, glibenklamid. Subjek adalah usia >35 tahun dengan DM tipe 2 yang berobat ke poliklinik Penyakit Dalam dan Endokrin Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode November 2007–Agustus 2008 dan telah mendapat terapi gizi medis selama 2 minggu. Penelitian dilakukan secara paralel, acak, dan tersamar ganda. Penggunaan kombinasi ekstrak menunjukkan penurunan kadar glukosa darah puasa rata-rata 9,25 mg/dL, glukosa darah 2 jam postprandial (PP) 22,25 mg/dL, HbA1c 1,30%, serta insulin 12,57 mg/dL bila dibandingkan dengan baseline glibenklamid rata-rata kadar glukosa darah puasa 72,37 mg/dL, glukosa darah 2 jam PP 114,25 mg/dL, dan HbA1c 4,12%, tetapi meningkatkan insulin 3,34 mg/ dL. Kombinasi ekstrak tidak mempengaruhi fungsi hati, ginjal, dan profil hematologi. Kesimpulannya kombinasi ekstrak memiliki efek antidiabetes tetapi efek yang ditimbulkan tidak sebaik glibenklamid. [MKB. 2011;43(1):26–34].Kata kunci: Bawang putih, kunyit, diabetes melitus tipe 2, glibenklamid, glukosa darah Antidiabetic Effect of Garlic Extract (Allium sativum Linn.) and Curcumin Extract (Curcumma domestica Val.) Combination Compared to Glibenclamide in Type 2 Diabetes MellitusThe combination of garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) and curcumin extract (Curcumma domestica Val.) can be used as an oral antidiabetic in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. The clinical trial has shown that the extract can decrease blood glucose at a dose of 2.4 g/day. This clinical trial  was conducted to explore the antidiabetic effect of garlic and curcumin extract combination compared to oral antidiabetics, glibenclamide. The subjects were >35 years old patients with type 2 DM who visited the internal and endocrine clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung and has been treated with medical nutrition therapy for 2 weeks during the period of November 2007–December 2008. This study was a parallel, randomized and double blind study. The garlic and curcumin extract combination decreased the mean value of fasting blood glucose 9.25 mg/dL, 2h PP blood glucose 22.25 mg/dL, HbA1c 1,30% and insulin 12.57 mg/dL  compared to baseline whereas glibenclamide decreased the mean value of fasting blood glucose to 72.37 mg/dL, 2h PP 114,25 mg/dL, HbA1c 4.12% and increased the insulin to 3.34 mg/dL. In conclusion, the extract combination has antidiabetic effect even though it is lower than the glibenclamide. [MKB. 2011;43(1):26–34].Key words: Blood glucose, curcumin, garlic, glibenclamide, type 2 diabetes mellitus DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v43n1.41
Kesesuaian Hasil Pengukuran Sudut Bilik Mata Depan antara Pentacam dan Ultrasound Biomicroscopy Zulkarnain, Maulina; Enus, Sutarya; Prahasta, Andika
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 46, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Penilaian segmen anterior, khususnya pemeriksaan sudut bilik mata depan memegang peranan penting dalam mendiagnosis dan penatalaksanaan penyakit glaukoma. Pentacam dan ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) mampu mengukur sudut bilik mata depan secara kuantitatif dan objektif, namun pemeriksaan UBM lebih invasif sedangkan Pentacam tanpa kontak dengan permukaan bola mata. Tujuan penelitian untuk mencari kesesuaian antara Pentacam dan UBM dalam mengukur sudut bilik mata depan. Penelitian ini merupakan studi analitik deskriptif dengan uji kesesuaian antara dua metode pengukuran, dengan subjek penderita glaukoma dan bukan glaukoma di Rumah Sakit Mata Cicendo Bandung, periode November–Desember 2010, berjumlah 42 mata dari 31 orang. Dilakukan pemeriksaan pada area nasal dan temporal sudut bilik mata depan menggunakan kedua alat tersebut. Uji kesesuaian menggunakan Bland and Altman dan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji-t berpasangan. Secara statistik tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada sudut terbuka, hasil pengukuran sudut bilik mata depan area nasal dan temporal antara Pentacam (37,51; 40,49; p=0,55) dan UBM (38,87; 40,76; p=0,22), namun limit of agreement yang didapatkan menunjukkan rentang yang luas, area nasal (dari 11,94 sampai -18,14) dan area temporal (dari 11,51 sampai -15,31) pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Pada sudut tertutup terdapat perbedaan bermakna hasil pengukuran sudut bilik mata depan area nasal dan temporal antara Pentacam (27,33; 36,65; p<0,001) dan UBM (31,47; 37,34; p<0,001), sedangkan limit of agreement yang didapatkan menunjukkan rentang pada area nasal (dari 4,51 sampai -16,65) dan area temporal (dari 2,98 sampai -14,73) pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Simpulan, pengukuran sudut bilik mata depan dengan menggunakan Pentacam memiliki kesesuaian yang tidak baik dibandingkan dengan UBM pada kelompok sudut terbuka, dan tidak memiliki kesesuaian pada kelompok sudut tertutup. [MKB. 2014;46(1):28–33]Kata kunci: Glaukoma, Pentacam, sudut bilik mata depan, ultrasound biomicroscopy Compatibility of the Outcomes in Measurement of the Anterior Chamber Angle between Using Pentacam and Ultrasound BiomicroscopyThe assessment of anterior segment, especially the examination of anterior chamber angle, plays an important role in diagnosing and managing glaucoma. Pentacam and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) were able to measure the anterior chamber angle quantitatively and objectively; however, UBM examination is invasive, where as Pentacam is without contact with eye globe surface. The aim of this study was to seek the conformation between Pentacam and UBM in measuring the anterior chamber angle. The study was analytic descriptive study with the agreement of both measurements in 42 eyes of 31 patients with glaucoma and non-glaucoma Cicendo Eye Hospital Bandung, in period of November to December 2010. The examination used both instruments in nasal and temporal area of anterior chamber angle with equal illumination. The agreement test using Bland and Altman and hypothesis using paired t-test. Statistically, there were no significant differences in anterior chamber open angle of nasal and temporal area between using Pentacam (37.51; 40.49; p=0.55) and UBM (38.87; 40.76; p=0.22), while the limit of agreement indicated wide range in nasal area (11.94 to -18.14) and in temporal area (11.51 to -15.31) in 95% confidence interval. In closed angle of anterior chamber, there was a significant difference at nasal and temporal area between using Pentacam (27.33; 35.65; p<0.001) and using UBM (31.47; 37.34; p<0.001), while the limit of agreement showed (4.01 to -16.65) for nasal area (2.98 to -14.73) for temporal area in 95% confidence interval. In conclusion, the measurement of the anterior chamber in open-angle group using Pentacam indicated poor agreement with using UBM; and there is no agreement in closed angle group. [MKB. 2014;46(1):28–33]Key words: Anterior chamber angle, glaucoma, Pentacam, ultrasound biomicroscopy DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v46n1.224

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