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Alchemy : Journal of Chemistry
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
ISSN : 20861710     EISSN : 24606871     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/al
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology
ALCHEMY: Journal of Chemistry (eISSN 2460-6871) is a scientific journal that focus on chemistry. This journal publishes a scientific article that cover research and review articles. Research topics for this journal such as natural science, physical chemistry, inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, environment, biochemistry, marine, energy and other related-sciences. ALCHEMY: Journal of Chemistry also accepts article about halal products and chemistry on Islamic perspectives.
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 203 Documents
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Isolasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Etanol Spons Stylotella sp Asal Kepulauan Selayar Aspina Damayanti; Asriani Ilyas; Firnanelty Firnanelty
ALCHEMY:Journal of Chemistry Vol 8, No 2 (2020): ALCHEMY: Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/al.v8i2.10213

Abstract

Isolation of secondary metabolite compound has been conducted from sponge Stylotella sp., Selayar Island. Stylotella sp., one of Demospongiae class sponge, is found spreading in Selayar Island. This study aims to determine secondary metabolite compounds contained in the ethanol extract of Stylotella sp. sponge by extraction, fractionation and purification methods. The purity test was carried out by three eluent systems of TLC, namely chloroform:ethyl acetate (9:1), n-hexane:acetone (9:1), and chloroform:acetone (9:1). Each eluent produced a single spot. FTIR analysis of Stylotella sp. isolate showed that the pure isolates contained alkaloid compounds with the appearance of a typical functional group of alkaloid compounds. Keywords: Alkaloids, sponge Stylotella sp, extraction  Telah dilakukan isolasi senyawa metabolit sekunder dari spons Stylotella sp. asal Kepulauan Selayar. Spons Stylotella sp merupakan spons kelas Demospongiae yang ditemukan penyebarannya di Perairan Pulau Selayar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdapat pada ekstrak etanol spons Stylotella sp. dengan metode ekstraksi, fraksinasi dan pemurnian. Uji kemurnian dilakukan dengan uji tiga sistem eluen pada KLT yaitu kloroform:etil asetat (9:1), n-heksan:aseton (9:1), dan kloroform:aseton (9:1). Masing-masing eluen menghasilkan noda tunggal. Isolat hasil analisis FTIR menunjukkan bahwa isolat murni mengandung senyawa alkaloid dengan munculnya gugus fungsi khas senyawa golongan alkaloid. Kata kunci: Alkaloid, spons Stylotella sp., ekstraksi
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Poly (Anthranilic Acid-Co-Formaldehyde) untuk Adsorpsi Ion Pb(II) Kartika, Siska Ela; Amran, Muhammad Bachri
ALCHEMY Vol 9, No 1 (2021): ALCHEMY: Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/al.v9i1.11476

Abstract

 Besides having a positive impact, rapid industrial development also gives a negative impact in the form of industrial waste causing environmental pollution. Lead is one of the heavy metal ions that become a primary indicator of pollution according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). The determination of lead directly in environmental samples is often difficult because of the very low concentration of metal ions and the matrix interferences. Therefore, preconcentration techniques that can simplify the matrix are required. Ionic exchange resins, functionalized chelating resins, and ion imprinted polymers are mostly used to preconcentrate the trace elements. Poly (anthranilic acid-co-formaldehyde) is polymer synthesized by mixing anthranilic acid, formaldehyde, and HCl. The poly (anthranilic acid-co-formaldehyde) was characterized by FTIR and SEM analysis. Characterization results indicate that polymerization reaction has been formed indicated by the vibration of the CH2 bridge. Poly (anthranilic acid-co-formaldehyde) has a relatively smooth surface with pores. The batch method was applied. The maximum adsorption for Pb(II) ions was 16.37 mg/g at pH 5 with a contact time of 10 minutes. Keywords: poly (anthranilic acid-co-formaldehyde), adsorption, lead Selain memberikan dampak positif, perkembangan industri yang pesat juga dapat memberikan dampak negatif berupa limbah industri penyebab pencemaran lingkungan. Timbal merupakan salah satu ion logam berat yang menjadi indikator primer pencemaran menurut United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Penentuan konsentrasi timbal secara langsung dalam sampel lingkungan seringkali sulit dilakukan karena terdapat pada konsentrasi renik dengan matriks yang rumit. Oleh karena itu, teknik prakonsentrasi yang dapat menyederhanakan matriks sangat diperlukan. Resin penukar ion, resin pengkhelat, dan ion imprinted polymers banyak digunakan untuk prakonsentrasi unsur renik. Poly (anthranilic acid-co-formaldehyde) merupakan polimer yang disintesis dengan cara mencampurkan asam anthranilat, formaldehida, dan HCl. Karakterisasi poly (anthranilic acid-co-formaldehyde) telah dilakukan menggunakan FTIR dan SEM. Hasil karakterisasi mengindikasikan bahwa reaksi polimerisasi telah terbentuk yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya vibrasi CH2 bridge. Poly (anthranilic acid-co-formaldehyde) memiliki morfologi permukaan yang relatif halus dan berpori. Metode yang digunakan untuk mempelajari kemampuan adsorpsi adalah metode batch. Kapasitas adsorpsi poly (anthranilic acid-co-formaldehyde) terhadap ion Pb(II) adalah 16,37 mg/g pada pH 5 dengan waktu kontak 10 menit. Kata kunci: poly (anthranilic acid-co-formaldehyde), adsorpsi, timbal
Identifikasi dan Uji Toksisitas terhadap Larva Udang (Artemia salina L.) Ekstrak Bekatul Menggunakan Variasi Jenis Pelarut dan Lama Ekstraksi Dewi Wardatul Jannah; Anik Maunatin; Akyunul Jannah
ALCHEMY:Journal of Chemistry Vol 8, No 2 (2020): ALCHEMY: Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/al.v8i2.11512

Abstract

 Rice bran was extracted using ultrasonic method with varied solvents (ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane) and extraction times (20, 25 and 30 minutes). The aim of this study was to determine toxicity value of rice bran extract with variation of solvents and extraction times. Rice bran extracts were tested its toxicity by BSLT method and its secondary metabolite by phytochemical test with reagents. Mortality data of shrimp larvae was analyzed by probit to determine LC50 values. Yield of ethanolic extract of rice bran for E1-20, E1-25 and E1-30 samples was 18.159, 19.132 and 18.280%, respectively. Rice bran extracts by ethyl acetate solvent (E2) and n-hexane (E3) gave different yields such as 8.302% (E2-20), 7.282% (E2-25), 9.18% (E2-30), 7.815% (E3-20), 7.125% (E3-25), and 7.279% (E3-30). All of rice bran extracts contained flavonoids, steroids and triterpenoids. LC50 values in ethanolic extract of rice bran for E1-20, E1-25 dan E1-30 samples were 613.258, 673.210 and 2217.255 ppm, respectively. Toxicity (LC50) values of ethyl acetate extract of rice bran were 1161.298 ppm (E2-20), 1170.774 ppm (E2-25) and 701.532 ppm (E2-30), while toxicity (LC50) values of n-hexane extract of rice bran were 592.901 ppm (E3-20), 617.425 ppm (E3-25) and 695.198 ppm (E3-30). Keywords: Rice bran, secondary metabolite, toxicity, ultrasonic method  Bekatul diekstrak menggunakan metode ultrasonik dengan variasi pelarut (etanol, etil asetat dan n-heksana) dan lama ekstraksi (20, 25 dan 30 menit). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui nilai toksisitas ekstrak bekatul dengan variasi pelarut dan lama ekstraksi. Ekstrak bekatul diuji kemampuan toksisitas terhadap larva udang dengan metode BSLT dan diuji fitokimia dengan reagen. Data kematian larva udang dianalisis dengan analisis probit untuk menentukan nilai LC50. Rendemen ekstrak etanol bekatul yang diperoleh pada sampel E1-20, E1-25 dan E1-30 masing-masing sebesar 18,159; 19,132; dan 18,280%. Adapun rendemen ekstrak etil asetat dan n-heksana bekatul sebesar 8,302% (E2-20), 7,282% (E2-25), 9,18% (E2-30), 7,815% (E3-20), 7,125% (E3-25) dan 7,279% (E3-30). Senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung pada masing-masing ekstrak adalah flavonoid, steroid dan triterpenoid. Nilai LC50 ekstrak etanol pada masing-masing sampel E1-20, E1-25 dan E1-30 adalah 613,258; 673,210 dan 2217,255 ppm. Ekstrak etil asetat bekatul pada sampel E2-20, E2-25 dan E2-30 memberikan nilai toksisitas dengan LC50 sebesar 1161,398; 1170,774 dan 701,532 ppm, berturut-turut. Nilai toksisitas (LC50) ekstrak n-heksana pada sampel E3-20, E3-25 dan E3-30 adalah 592,901; 617,425 dan 695,198 ppm, berturut-turut. Kata kunci: Bekatul, metabolit sekunder, toksisitas, metode ultrasonik 
Aktivitas Antibakteri Membran Nanokomposit Kitosan/Nanopartikel Perak Notriawan, Doni; Nesbah, Nesbah; Ernis, Gustria; Fadhila, Muhammad Adeng; Wibowo, Risky Hadi; Pertiwi, Reza; Ilfanisari, Vinolla
ALCHEMY Vol 9, No 1 (2021): ALCHEMY: Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/al.v9i1.11146

Abstract

The aim of this study was to make and test the antibacterial activity of chitosan/silver nanoparticles nanocomposite membranes. Nanocomposite membranes were synthesized by chitosan with pluronic using acetic acid as a solvent. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using the green synthesis method and the makasar fruit (Brucea javanica L. Merr) peel extract as a bioreductor. The silver nanoparticles were composited with a chitosan/pluronic mixture and printed on a glass plate. Nanocomposite membranes were characterized using the FTIR spectrophotometer and the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Nanocomposite membrane were tested for antibacterial activity against Escherechia coli. The UV-Vis spectra showed the formation of silver nanoparticles which were indicated by the absorption at 454 nm and the absorbance value of 0.405. Characterization using FTIR showed no new functional groups formed in the composites of chitosan and pluronic. SEM results showed the difference between the chitosan membrane and the nanocomposite membrane. The surface of nanocomposite membrane showed uneven compared to the chitosan membrane. Nanocomposite membranes have antibacterial activity to inhibit E. coli growth.   Keywords: nanocomposite, chitosan/silver nanoparticles, antibacterial Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat dan menguji aktivitas antibakteri membran nanokomposit kitosan/nanopartikel perak. Membran nanokomposit dibuat dengan mensintesis kitosan dengan pluronik menggunakan pelarut asam asetat. Nanopartikel perak disintesis menggunakan metode green synthesis dengan ekstrak kulit buah makasar (Brucea javanica L. Merr) sebagai bioreduktor. Nanopartikel perak dikompositkan dengan campuran kitosan/pluronik dan dicetak di atas plat kaca. Membran nanokomposit dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometer FTIR dan scanning electron microscope (SEM). Membran nanokomposit dilakukan uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Escherechia coli. Spektra UV-Vis menunjukkan terbentuknya nanopartikel perak yang ditandai adanya serapan pada panjang gelombang 454 nm dan absorbansi 0,405. Karakterisasi dengan FTIR menunjukkan tidak adanya gugus fungsi baru yang terbentuk pada komposit dari kitosan dan pluronik. Hasil SEM menunjukkan adanya perbedaan antara membran kitosan dengan membran nanokomposit. Permukaan membran nanokomposit terlihat tidak rata dibandingkan membran kitosan. Membran nanokomposit memiliki aktivitas bakteri sehingga dapat mengambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli. Kata kunci: nanokomposit, kitosan/nanopartikel perak, antibakteri
Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan Senyawa Kuersetin dan Ekstrak Lengkuas Menggunakan HPLC dan UV-Vis Bambang Cahyono; Christiana Suci Prihatini; Meiny Suzery; Damar Nurwahyu Bima
ALCHEMY:Journal of Chemistry Vol 8, No 2 (2020): ALCHEMY: Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/al.v8i2.10594

Abstract

The radical scavenging activity of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl (DPPH) is generally carried out using a spectrophotometric method. In this study, the value of the antioxidant activity was compared to the HPLC method. Samples used were pure quercetin and extracts of red galangal (Alpinia purpurata) and white galangal (Alpinia galanga). Analysis of antioxidant activity using a UV/Vis spectrophotometer was carried out at a wavelength of 515 nm. Analysis by HPLC method was carried out using an inverse phase with a UV/Vis detector at 515 nm. The results showed that the radical scavenging activity (IC50) of the pure quercetin produced was nearly the same value for the spectrophotometric method (16.24 ppm) dan the HPLC method (15.24 ppm). Even though, the antioxidant activity of pure quercetin was different from the extract. The red galangal extract gave IC50 of 488.43±1.13 ppm (spectrophotometric method) and IC50 of 68.12±10.19 ppm (HPLC method). The radical scavenging activity (IC50) of white galangal extract using the spectrophotometric method and HPLC method was 462.47±2.98 and 62.17±3.87 ppm, respectively. The allegation of other molecular interference in the radical reduction of the extract resulted in a conclusion that the HPLC is better than the spectrophotometric method for determining antoxidant activity of extract sample. Keywords: Antioxidant, Alpinia purpurata, Alpinia galanga, DPPH  Aktivitas peredaman radikal 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl (DPPH) pada umumnya dilakukan menggunakan metode spektrofotometer. Dalam penelitian ini, nilai aktivitas antioksidan tersebut telah dibandingkan dengan metode HPLC. Sampel ujinya adalah senyawa kursetin murni dan ekstrak lengkuas merah (Alpinia purpurata) dan lengkuas putih (Alpinia galanga). Analisis aktivitas antioksidan dengan spektrofotometer UV/Vis dilakukan pada panjang gelombang 515 nm. Analisis dengan metode HPLC dilakukan menggunakan fasa inverse dengan detektor UV/Vis pada 515 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas peredaman radikal senyawa murni kuersetin menghasilkan nilai yang hampir sama untuk kedua metode yaitu IC50 sebesar 17,05 ppm untuk metode spektrofotometer dan IC50 sebesar 15,74 ppm untuk metode HPLC. Akan tetapi, nilai aktivitas antioksidan kuersetin jauh berbeda untuk ekstrak. Ekstrak lengkuas merah memberikan IC50 sebesar 488,43±1,13 ppm (metode spektrofotometer) dan 68,12±10,19 ppm (metode HPLC). Aktivitas peredaman radikal ekstrak lengkuas putih dengan metode spektrofotometer dan HPLC dengan IC50 sebesar 462,89±5,38 dan 62,17±3,87 ppm, berturut-turut. Dugaan adanya interferensi molekul lain dalam analisis peredaman radikal terhadap ekstrak ini menghasilkan suatu kesimpulan bahwa metode HPLC lebih baik digunakan dalam analisis antioksidan dibandingkan metode spektrofotometer untuk sampel berupa ekstrak. Kata kunci: Antioksidan, Alpinia purpurata, Alpinia galanga, DPPH
Analisis Kadar Arsen (As) pada Sayur Kubis Hijau (Brassica oleracea L.) Pasca Erupsi Gunung Sinabung Cahyady, Boby; Taufik, Muhammad; Suharman, Suharman
ALCHEMY Vol 9, No 1 (2021): ALCHEMY: Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/al.v9i1.11108

Abstract

ount Sinabung has had an impact on the lives of surrounding farmers after the eruption. One of the negative impacts is the exposure of plants and animals around them to dangerous chemical compounds, especially heavy metals. This work aimed to analyze the levels of arsenic (As) in green cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) which was exposed after two months of the eruption. The sampling method was done using a simple random sampling technique at five points. The digestion process was carried out using hydrochloric acid and nitric acid. Arsenic analysis was performed using the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) at 193.7 nm with vapor hydride generation accessories. Concentration of arsenic exposed to green cabbage at five sampling points was 0.4102, 0.4936, 0.4501, 0.6425, and 0.6534 mg/Kg. The results obtained were lower than the maximum limit of arsenic contamination in vegetables, namely 1.0 mg/Kg based on SNI No. 7387:2009.Keywords: arsenic, Brassica oleracea L, AAS, SNI, Mount SinabungGunung Sinabung memiliki pengaruh kepada kehidupan petani di sekitarnya pasca erupsi. Salah satu dampak negatifnya adalah terpaparnya tumbuhan dan hewan di sekitar terhadap senyawa kimia yang berbahaya, khususnya logam berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kadar arsen (As) yang terdapat pada sayur kubis hijau (Brassica oleracea L.) yang terpapar setelah dua bulan erupsi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling di lima titik. Proses destruksi dilakukan dengan menggunakan asam klorida dan asam nitrat. Analisis arsen dilakukan dengan menggunakan atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) pada panjang gelombang 193,7 nm yang dilengkapi vapour hydride generation accessories. Kadar arsen yang terpapar pada sayur kubis hijau pada lima titik pengambilan sampel berturut turut sebesar 0,4102; 0,4936; 0,4501; 0,6425, dan 0,6534 mg/Kg. Kadar arsen yang diperoleh lebih rendah dari batas maksimum cemaran arsen dalam sayuran yakni 1,0 mg/Kg berdasarkan SNI No. 7387:2009.Kata kunci: arsen, Brassica oleracea L., AAS, SNI, Gunung Sinabung
Pengaruh Minimisasi Energi MMFF94 dengan MarvinSketch dan Open Babel PyRx pada Penambatan Molekular Turunan Oksindola Tersubstitusi Atika Umi Hanif; Prima Agusti Lukis; Arif Fadlan
ALCHEMY:Journal of Chemistry Vol 8, No 2 (2020): ALCHEMY: Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/al.v8i2.10481

Abstract

 In silico technique is widely used for drug discovery because it can predict the conformation of ligands in protein macromolecules and it can calculate the binding affinity. The energy minimization is carried out to make the ligand more stable near the initial state during molecular docking process. The Merck Molecular Force Field (MMFF94) is one type of energy minimization process often used in organic compounds. The molecular docking of substituted oxindole derivatives on indoleamine macromolecules 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO-1, PDB: 2D0T) by MMFF94 minimization operated by MarvinSketch and Open Babel in PyRx showed different results. The binding affinity energy obtained was also quite different, but the ligands have the same conformation and bind the same residue with slightly different bond distances. Keywords: Molecular docking, energy minimization, substituted oxindole, Merck Molecular Force Field 94  Teknik in silico banyak digunakan untuk penemuan senyawa obat karena dapat memprediksi konformasi suatu ligan dalam makromolekul protein dan mampu menghitung nilai afinitas ikatan. Proses minimisasi energi dilakukan untuk menjadikan ligan lebih stabil mendekati keadaan awal selama penambatan molekular berlangsung. Merck Molecular Force Field (MMFF94) adalah salah satu jenis persamaan minimisasi energi yang sering digunakan pada senyawa organik. Hasil pengujian pengaruh minimisasi energi dengan MMFF94 menggunakan program MarvinSketch dan Open Babel dalam PyRx pada turunan oksindola tersubstitusi alkil terhadap makromolekul 2,3-dioxygenase indoleamine (IDO-1, PDB: 2D0T) menunjukkan hasil dengan nilai yang berbeda. Energi afinitas ikatan yang didapatkan juga cukup berbeda, namun ligan memiliki konformasi yang sama dan mengikat residu yang sama dengan jarak ikatan yang sedikit berbeda. Kata kunci: Penambatan molekular, minimisasi energi, oksindola tersubstitusi, Merck Molecular Force Field 94
Free-Radical Scavenging Activity (FRSA) of Secondary Metabolite Extracted from Indonesian Eucheuma spinosum Inayah, Nurul; Masruri, Masruri
ALCHEMY Vol 9, No 1 (2021): ALCHEMY: Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/al.v9i1.10970

Abstract

IIndonesia is the biggest country in the production of red seaweed of Eucheuma spinosum. The red seaweed has bioactive compounds that have a potential activity such as phenolic compounds as well as carrageenan and pigments. This paper reported phytochemical analysis of E. spinosum harvested by a local farmer in Sumenep Island, East Java and free-radical scavenging activity (FRSA) derived from 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhdrazyl (DPPH) for several organic solvents. For extraction, dried powder is added with 5.0 mL of various solvents following by ultra-sonication assisted extraction for 30 minutes. The extract was separated by centrifugation for phytochemical analysis and radical scavenging evaluation. The prospecting of dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts indicated the potency for radical scavengers. Alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins were secondary metabolites that indicated the presence in the extracts. The best IC50 value was presented by ethyl acetate extracts (384,86 ppm) with 38.78% for 50 ppm, while IC50 values of n-hexane, methanolic, dicloromethane extracts were 410.12, 677.76 and 685.08 ppm, respectively. Keywords: Eucheuma spinosum, phytochemical analysis, radical scavenging activity
Analisis Kualitas Air Berdasarkan Parameter Fisika di Wilayah Kota Bengkulu Fades Br. Gultom; Refpo Rahman; Heriansyah Heriansyah
ALCHEMY:Journal of Chemistry Vol 9, No 2 (2021): ALCHEMY JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/al.v9i2.13517

Abstract

Water is a source of basic human needs. Clean water quality will affect environmental health and all activities in it. This study aimed to measure the quality of the water around beaches, rivers and swamps near settlements in Bengkulu City. The research location consisted of nine points with a radius of 0-2 km from the beach. Sampling was carried out using the stratified disproportional random sampling method with measured parameters including temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS) and water turbidity. The method used in the data analysis is the STORET scoring system. The samples were tested using TDS and turbidity meter based on the Arduino Uno ATMega 328. Results of temperature measurement showed relatively stable values in the range of 29-30°C; TDS values were 53-565 mg/L and water turbidity levels ranged from 90.8 to 1938.1 NTU. Based on the results of the analysis using the STORET scoring system, the water quality status in the study area was included in the medium polluted category (score -15) of 3 test parameters (temperature, TDS and water turbidity). Keywords: Water quality, physical parameter, STORET method, Bengkulu City Air merupakan sumber kebutuhan dasar manusia. Kualitas air yang bersih akan mempengaruhi kesehatan lingkungan dan seluruh aktivitas didalamnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur kualitas air yang ada di sekitar pantai, sungai dan rawa dekat pemukiman di Kota Bengkulu. Lokasi penelitian terdiri dari 9 titik dengan radius 0-2 km dari pinggir pantai. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode stratified disproportional random sampling dengan parameter yang diukur diantaranya suhu, total dissolved solids (TDS) dan kekeruhan air. Metode yang digunakan dalam analisis data yaitu sistem penilaian STORET. Pengujian sampel dilakukan dengan TDS meter dan turbidity meter berbasis Arduino Uno ATMega 328. Hasil pengukuran suhu menunjukkan nilai yang relatif stabil dengan kisaran 29-30°C; nilai TDS antara 53-565 mg/L dan tingkat kekeruhan air pada rentang 90,8-1938,1 NTU. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menggunakan sistem penilaian STORET, status mutu air di wilayah penelitian termasuk pada kategori cemar sedang (skor -15) berdasarkan 3 parameter uji (suhu, TDS dan kekeruhan air). Kata kunci: Kualitas air, parameter fisika, metode STORET, Kota Bengkulu
Ekstraksi Minyak Atsiri dari Bunga Mawar (Rosa hybrda L.) dengan Metode Solvent Free Microwave Extraction Yuyun Yuniati; Saras Nurani Putri; Pradipta Risang Ratna Sambawa; Donny Satria Bhuana; Mahfud Mahfud
ALCHEMY:Journal of Chemistry Vol 9, No 2 (2021): ALCHEMY JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/al.v9i2.11511

Abstract

To date, essential oils still play an important role in various aspects of human life. Flowers are essential oil-producing plants that still need to be further explored, of which rose petals (Rosa hybrda L.) are an option for types of flowers that have the potential to produce economical essential oils. In this study, solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) was used as an essential oil extraction method, which is considered safe because it does not use heat energy and chemical solvents which can be considered to trigger a decrease in the quality of the oil extract. The optimum microwave power in this study is 560 Watt with a yield of 0.0124%. The difference in the value of the feed intake ratio to the volume of the distiller (F/D) influences yield, where the F/D value of 0.15 g/mL gives the highest yield value of 0.0145%. The result of the Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) analysis shows rose flower essential oil extract provided a profile of 12 compounds, of which three dominant compounds are β-phenylethyl acetate, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-9-methylene-bicyclo-1-decene, and nonadecane. Keywords: Extraction, rose flower petals, solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME), essential oils Hingga saat ini, minyak atsiri masih memegang peranan penting untuk berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia. Bunga-bungaan merupakan tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri yang masih perlu dieksplorasi lebih lanjut, yang mana mahkota bunga mawar (Rosa hybrda L.) adalah satu opsi jenis bunga yang berpotensi sebagai penghasil minyak atsiri bernilai ekonomis. Pada penelitian ini digunakan solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) sebagai metode ekstraksi minyak atsiri yang dinilai aman karena tidak menggunakan energi panas dan bahan pelarut kimia yang dapat dianggap memicu penurunan kualitas ekstrak minyak. Daya microwave optimum pada penelitian ini adalah 560 Watt dengan perolehan yield sebesar 0,0124%. Perbedaan nilai rasio feed masuk terhadap volume distiler (F/D) memberikan pengaruh terhadap hasil rendemen, yang mana nilai F/D 0,15 g/mL memberikan nilai rendemen tertinggi sebesar 0,0145%. Hasil analisis Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak minyak atsiri bunga mawar memberikan profil 12 senyawa dengan tiga senyawa dominan yaitu β-phenylethyl acetate, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-9-methylene-bicyclo-1-decene, dan nonadecane. Kata kunci: Ekstraksi, mahkota bunga mawar, solvent-free microwave extraction

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