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Cropsaver : Journal of Plant Protection
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26215756     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The objective of the CROPSAVER Journal is to present articles containing interesting and strategic issues. This journal discusses the discussion of articles with discussion rooms in the fields of plant pests and diseases, technology for pest control, taxonomy, insect physiology, biological insects, toxicology of pesticides, settlement pests that help research, research and research.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 107 Documents
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Application Methods of Compost and Vermicompost for Suppressing Damping off Disease (Rhizoctonia solani) in Tomato Seedling Istifadah, Noor; Baharudin, Aziz; Hartati, Sri
CROPSAVER Vol 7, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v7i1.55226

Abstract

Damping off caused by Rhizoctonia solani is an important soil-borne disease in tomato nursery. In addition to their role as organic fertilizer, compost and vermicompost are able to suppress plant diseases. Compos and vermicompost can be applied directly or in the form of their soaking water or teas. This study evaluated the abilities of compost, vermicompost, compost tea and vermicompost tea to inhibit R. solani in vitro and suppress damping off disease in tomato seedlings. The in vitro experiment used completely randomized design, while the experiment in tomato seedlings used randomized complete block design. The in vitro experiment examined nonsterile and sterile suspension or teas of compost and vermicompost. The treatments in tomato seedling experiment were compost or vermicompost applied in the growth media (25% v/v), compost or vermicompost tea applied to the tomato seedlings every 3 days or 7 days, and untreated check. The results showed that in the agar media containing suspension of compost or vermicompost nonsterile was dominated by Trichoderma spp. colonies and therefore the growth of R. solani was inhibited by 58.5-60.0%. The sterile preparation of compost, vermicompost and their teas did not inhibit the pathogen. Compost and vermicompost incorporated to the growth media suppressed damping off disease caused by R. solani by 54.2-66.7%. The abilities of compost and vermicompost to suppress the disease and support plant growth were better than their teas. Drenching the seedlings with compost tea every 3 or 7 days suppress damping off disease by 31.0-41.7%. However, vermicompost tea showed disease suppression (27.6-37.1%) only if it was applied every 3 days.
Does competition between Pardosa pseudoannulata and Menochilus sexmaculatus reduce the predation rate on brown planthopper? Septriani, Utari; Syahrawati, My; Arneti, Arneti
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.51131

Abstract

Pardosa pseudoannulata and Menochilus sexmaculatus are classified as natural enemies of the brown planthopper or BPH (Nilaparvata lugens). This study aimed to determine the effect of differences in density on mortality and their predation rate in suppressing the BPH population. This study used a completely randomized design of 15 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of different densities of two predators (1, 2, and 3 individuals). The variables observed were predator mortality, predation rate, competition between predators, and competition behavior. The results showed that competition between predators at different densities was not directly related to predator mortality and the predation rate of joint predators. Predator density tended to increase the predation rate, especially on M. sexmaculatus (R=0.894), while the density of P. pseudoannulata and joint predators was moderate (Rpardosa=0.587, Rjoint=0.522). M. sexmaculatus won the competition when its population increased. Equal competition occurred in the composition of 1 P. pseudoannulata and 3 M. sexmaculatus (P1M3); in this composition, no deaths were found due to competition, with the predation rate reaching 86.7%. Cannibalism dominates intraspecific competition between individuals of P. pseudoannulata, while interspecific competition occurs between the two species, causing sub-lethal effects.
Bioactivity of Kipahit Flower Extract Tithonia Diversifolia on Mortality and Eating Behavior of Larvae Crocidolomia Pavonana Pertiwi, Fitri Dewi; Syahputra, Edy; Ramadhan, Tris Haris
CROPSAVER Vol 7, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v7i1.51763

Abstract

Using of synthetic insecticides to control the C. pavonana pest could have negative impacts. As an alternative control, using plant extracts is relatively safer in controlling these pests. This research aims to study the bioactivity flower of kipahit T. diversifolia extract on mortality and feeding behavior of C. pavonana larvae. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method using methanol. Bioassay for insecticidal activity was carried out using the residual method on the leaves against larvae II. Feeding on treated leaves was carried out for 48 hours. the antifeedant assayed for 24 hours of exposure to instar III. The concentration - mortality relationship was analyzed using probit analysis. Data on development time are expressed as the average value ± standard deviation. The results showed that the activity of kipahit flower extract had an LC50 of 0.51% and an LC95 of 3.86%. These extract with choicw method at the sub lethal dose tested inhibit the feeding activity by 24.90%, 53.96%, 76.34% respectively, while the no choice method inhibits feeding activity by 27.20%, 59.69% 86.40%, respectively.
Antagonistic Endophytic Fungi from Papaya Fruit Against Anthracnose Causing Pathogens (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) on Papaya Fruit Nasahi, Ceppy; Amatullah, Hana Lathifah; Kurniadie, Denny
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.47087

Abstract

Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides considered a major disease on papaya fruit. One way to control plant diseases is to use antagonistic fungi as biocontrol agents. Several antagonistic fungi can be found in plant tissues (endophytic fungi). This study aims to get endophytic fungi from papaya fruit antagonistic to the fungus C. gloeosporioides. The research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and five replications on in-vitro and in-vivo tests. The results showed that three isolates of endophytic fungi found from papaya fruit were Fusarium sp., Aureobasidium sp., and Acremonium sp., which had an inhibition of 63.5%, 67.86%, and 7.52%, respectively. Fusarium sp. and Aureobasidium sp. are potentially considered antagonist fungi in controlling the fungus C. gloeosporioides in in-vitro testing based on the inhibition results were more than 60%. Aureobasidium sp. is considered potential antagonist fungi according to the colonization or growth of C. gloeosporioides mycelium inhibition that emerges on papaya up to 97%. 
Effects of Eucalyptus (Melaleuca cajuputica) and Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) Essential Oils on Mortality of Mealybugs (Planococcus minor) on Mangosteen Syaf, Mia Sri Lestari; Dewi, Vira Kusuma; Puspasari, Lindung Tri; Ismayati, Maya
CROPSAVER Vol 7, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v7i1.53042

Abstract

Planococcus minor is one of the pests prohibited from entering several destination countries during the mangosteen export process. Control of P. minor can be achieved by using patchouli and eucalyptus essential oils. The objective of this research is to determine the effects of patchouli and eucalyptus essential oils on the mortality of P. minor, with the aim of developing control measures to prevent mangosteen export failures. This study was conducted at the Class 1 Agricultural Quarantine Station in Bandung from May to December 2023. The method used is the experimental method with a Randomized Complete Block Design. Contact and neurophysiological tests were conducted with 13 treatments, including distilled water control, distilled water + tween 80 control, synthetic pesticide with abamectin 0.005%, patchouli essential oil at concentrations of 0.13%, 0.18%, 0.24%, 0.32%, 0.43%, and eucalyptus essential oil at concentrations of 0.22%, 0.29%, 0.39%, 0.51%, 0.68%, each repeated three times. The research results indicate that mortality of P. minor caused by 0.43% concentration of patchouli essential oil did not significantly differ from abamectin, with a rate of 96.67%. The LC50 values for patchouli and eucalyptus essential oils were 0.19% and 0.42%, respectively. The LT50 value of eucalyptus essential oil is lower when compared to the LT50 value of patchouli essential oil. The LT50 value of eucalyptus essential oil at the highest concentration of 0.68% was 49.94 JSP. Patchouli essential oil at concentrations of 0.43% and 0.32% had different LT50 values of 37.27 and 50.73 JSP. Furthermore, based on morphological observations that eucalyptus and patchouli essential oils affect the morphology of mealybugs.
Effectiveness Of Liquid Smoke from Oil Palm Solid Waste Against Spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) Ainun, Khairunissa; Giffari, Fahri Rijal; Widayani, Neneng Sri; Fathussalam, Muhammad; Haryadi, Dudi; Yuwono, Indra; Dono, Danar
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.51908

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the largest producers of palm oil commodities in the world. Massive palm oil production to meet high demand can pose risks in increasing waste production. The processing of solid palm oil waste into liquid smoke through pyrolysis is carried out as an effort to mitigate environmental damage caused by greenhouse gases. Components in liquid smoke can be utilized as natural insecticides. This research aims to determine the potential of liquid smoke from solid palm oil waste, namely fiber and frond, to control Spodoptera frugiperda. The testing method uses a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 11 treatments repeated three times. Liquid smoke application is done by dipping the feed, which is then given to S. frugiperda instar II. The results show that liquid smoke from fronds causes higher mortality in S. frugiperda compared to liquid smoke from fibers. At a concentration of 4%, liquid smoke from fronds and fibers caused S. frugiperda mortality of 63.33% and 40%, respectively. Liquid smoke application also suppressed feed consumption by 72.98% lower than the control and caused an extension of time from instar II-VI at the 4% application concentration. The use of liquid smoke from palm fronds and fibers can be used as an insecticide as one of the pest control techniques and a solution for utilizing palm oil waste.
Effect of Temperature on Biological Character of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith Ramadhan, R. Arif Malik; Isnaeni, Selvy
CROPSAVER Vol 7, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v7i1.50407

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda is a pest that is capable of migrating over a wide range. Currently, the S. frugiperda attack can be said to be comprehensive in almost all regions of Indonesia. The level of adaptability of S. frugiperda to the suitability of the agroecosystem needs to be reviewed further in order to predict the potential for S. frugiperda attacks in the future. This research aims to test the suitability of temperature for the biological activity of  S. frugiperda. The treatments tested in this study included temperatures (A) 34.0±2.2 oC, (B) 27.0±4.1 oC, and (C) 19.0±1.3 oC. Each treatment used 5 larvaes 2nd instar and was repeated 6 times so that the number of test insects used was 120. The parameters observed in this study included growth, development, feeding activity and mortality rate of the test insects. The data obtained was then analyzed using ANOVA and tested further with DMRT at an error level of 5%. Differences in rearing temperature can affect growth, development, feed consumption and larval mortality. Temperature (B) 27±4.1 ℃ is the most suitable temperature for S. frugiperda. Temperatures (A) 34.0±2.2 ℃ and (C) 19.0±1.3 ℃ are less suitable temperatures, but S. frugiperda can still carry out its life cycle. This research can provide an overview to anticipate S. frugiperda attacks that may occur due to global warming in the future.
The Abilities of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma sp. to Suppress Powdery Mildew Disease on Tomato Leaves Istifadah, Noor; Maharani, Febry Aulia Riski
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.49011

Abstract

Powdery mildew caused by Oidium sp. is an important disease on tomatoes cultivated in the greenhouse. Biological control is an environmentally-friendly method for plant disease control. The objective of this study was to examine the abilities of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma sp. isolated from compost tea to suppress powdery mildew disease on tomato leaves. The experiments were arranged in randomized complete block design with seven treatments consisting application of B. subtilis, Trichoderma sp., the combination of both microbes, molasses (1%), water and control (untreated leaves). In the first experiment, the treatments were applied on the infected leaves as curative strategy, while in the second experiment the treatments were applied at 7, 4, and 1 day before and every 3 days after pathogen inoculation. The results showed that B. subtilis, Trichoderma sp. or combination of both microbes that were applied in the infected leaves only reduced the disease severity by 29–33%. However, the application of B. subtilis every three days started at 7 days before pathogen inoculation suppressed powdery mildew by 93.7%, whereas combination of B. subtilis and Trichoderma sp. reduced the symptom on inoculated leaves by 85.3%. Spraying tomato leaves with 1% molasses reduced the infection rate and suppressed powdery mildew by 78.6%. Mixing the molasses with Trichoderma sp. suspension (10%, v/v) did not improve the level of suppression. This study showed that application of B. subtilis regularly as preventive measure is very potential for biological control of powdery mildew disease.
Effectiveness of Fermented Coffee Cherry Liquid Extract on Preference of Coffee Berry Borer (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari) at Coffee Plantation Rasiska, Siska; Widiantini, Fitri; Nadhira, Nadhira
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.50566

Abstract

Coffee Berry Borer (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari) are the major pest of coffee crops that can cause damage up to 40 percent. One attempt to control CBB was to use an attractant from the coffee cherry, whose potential can be enhance by fermentation. Fermented coffee will produce metabolites, such as lactic acid, ethanol, and ethyl acetate, which can increase the complexity of the aroma. The study aims to determine the effect of the fermented coffee cherry liquid extract on  CBB attractiveness, assess the intensity of the CBB attack, and other insects trapped. The method used in this research is an experiment designed in groups at the site of people’s coffee plantations, Sindangsari Village, Sukasari-Sumedang District. The treatment in this study was a fermented coffee cherry liquid extract, with a volume of aquadest (150ml), 90ml, 120ml, and 150ml, thus obtaining 9 treatments, and each repeated 3 times. Other insects trapped was identified in Pest Laboratory-Universitas Padjadjaran. The results showed that the treatment of wet fermented coffee cherry liquid extract and the volume of 120ml and 150ml could trap CBB better than the other treatments, but did not affect the intensity of CBB attack on coffee plants. Other trapped insects were dominanted by the Coleoptera order of the Staphillinidae family that acted as predators and Diptera of the Drosophillidae family wich acted like herbivores. Thus, fermented coffee fruit liquid extract can be used as a CBB attractant, but its use for the purpose of controlling CBB needs to be well designed so that it does not have a negative impact on natural enemies or other non-target insects.
Antagonistic Test of Endophytic Bacteria Against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae Causes of Moler Disease on Shallots Wihayyu, Afri; Resti, Zurai; Sulyanti, Eri; Darnetty, Darnetty; Khairul, Ujang
CROPSAVER Vol 7, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v7i1.54351

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae (FOCe) is a pathogenic fungus causing moler disease in shallots. One method of controlling this disease is by using endophytic bacteria. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that live in plant tissues without causing disease symptoms. This research aims to obtain the most effective endophytic bacteria in inhibiting the growth of the pathogenic fungus FOCe. The study employs a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 8 treatments with 3 replications each. The treatments include Bacillus sp. HI, Bacillus sp. SJI, Bacillus cereus P14, Bacillus cereus Se07, Bacillus subtilis, Serratia marcescens JB1E3, Serratia marcescens ULG1E4, and control. Tests conducted include the antibiosis test of endophytic bacterial cells using the dual culture method and the secondary metabolite test using media poisoning method. The observed parameters include inhibition zone, effectiveness of secondary metabolites, fresh weight, and dry weight of the FOCe fungus. All endophytic bacteria were capable of inhibiting the growth of FOCe. The most effective endophytic bacteria in inhibiting the growth of FOCe were found to be Serratia marcescens ULG1E4 and Serratia marcescens JB1E3. In the antibiosis test of endophytic bacterial cells, Serratia marcescens ULG1E4 exhibited an inhibition zone of 64.44%, while Serratia marcescens JB1E3 showed an inhibition zone of 61.11%. In the secondary metabolite compound test, the effectiveness values for Serratia marcescens ULG1E4 and Serratia marcescens JB1E3 were 95.31% and 95.03%, respectively.

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