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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri merupakan publikasi ilmiah primer yang memuat hasil penelitian primer komoditas perkebunan yang belum dimuat pada media apapun, diterbitkan oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan, DIPA 2011 terbit empat kali setahun.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 552 Documents
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KARAKTERISASI DAN EVALUASI WILAYAH PENGEMBANGAN TEMBAKAU CERUTU BESUKI ABDUL RACHMAN; FITRININGDYAH TRI KADARWATI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 9, No 1 (2003): Maret, 2003
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v9n1.2003.25-37

Abstract

Pada awalnya tembakau cerutu ditanam di wilayah Jember Utara. Tetapi karena berbagai masalah tembakau cerutu berkembang ke Wilayah Tengah dan Selatan Perkembangan ke wilayah baru belum diikuli oleh penyesuaian tcknologi Akihatnya mutu belum sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Penelitian tahun 1998 dan 1999 dilakukan di Kabupaten Jember dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang sifat klimatologi, lanah, kcragaan hasil dan mutu, kcragaan teknologi dan prefcrensi pasar Informasi ini akan digunakan sebagai dasar untuk perbaikan-pcrbaikan tcknologi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei. Daerah pengembangan lembakau cerutu di Jember dibagi liga wilayah, I Hara, Tengah. dan Selatan. sesuai dengan pembagian yang telah disetujui oleh masyarakat pctcmbakauan di Jember. Lima desa contoh diambil untuk mewakili liap wilayah. Penetapan contoh bcrdasar tipe tanah Icrluas dan selanjulnya ditclapkan desa dengan areal tembakau cerutu terluas untuk masing-masing tipe lanah Informasi pasar diperoleh dari wawancara dengan enam eksportir terkemuka Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua wilayah menghadapi masalah tanah berat yang sulit diolah, dan kandungan bahan organik, nitrogen dan fosfor tanah yang rendah Makin ke Selatan iklim semakin kering, bentuk lahan semakin datar, semakin linggi ketersediaan air di musim kemarau, kebutuhan pupuk nitrogen makin tinggi, dan peluang mendapatkan tembakau pembalut makin linggi. Harga tembakau wilayah Selatan tetinggi dari ketiga wilayah Untuk mempermudah pengelolaan disarankan agar wilayah dibagi dua yaitu wilayah Utara dan wilayah Tengah bagian Selatan dengan lahan bcrgelombang sebagai penghasil utama tembakau iller dan pembungkus dan wilayah Tengah bagian Selatan dan wilayah Selatan dengan lahan datar dan terscdianya air cukup, sebagai penghasil tembakau pembalut dan pembungkus.Kata kunci: Nicotiana tabacum, lembakau cerutu, karaktcrisasi lahan, evaluasi lahan ABSTRACT Characterization and evaluation of development region of besuki cigar tobaccoIhe beginning of cigar tobacco cultivation was in North Region of Jember Regency But due to several problems, the cultivation of cigar tobacco expanded to the Middle and South Region. In the new area, the technology of cigar tobacco was not yet adapted. So the tobacco quality did not match their expectation The research was conducted in 1998 and 1999 in Jember Regency, to get information about the characteistics of climate and soil, yield and quality performance, technology display, and market preference. This information should be used as basic knowledge to improve technology for besuki cigar tobacco. The research used survey method The tobacco cultivation was divided into three regions. Five villages were taken as sampling to represent for each region. Determining samples were based on the village has largest area of cigar tobacco located in largest area of soil type of each region. Market information was achieved from interview with six expoters. The result of this research showed thai Ihe more region lo Ihe Soudi was earlier planning date, flatter land, higher water available and nitrogen fertilization, and greater opportunity to get wrapper tobacco All region faced soil problems, were soil hardly cultivated, and low of organic matter, N, and P content of soil To make management of cigar tobacco cultivation easier, il was proposed lhai the area of cigar tobacco should be divided into two regions i.e. North Region and Middle Region of Southern part with wavy land for tobacco produce iller and binder tobacco, and Middle of Nothern part and South one for tobacco produce wrapper binder tobacco.Key words : Nicotiana tabacum, cigar tobacco, land characterization, land evaluation
PENGARUH PUPUK MAJEMUK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI DAN MUTU TEMBAKAU CERUTU BESUKI NO / Effect of Compound Fertilizer on Growth, Yield and Quality of Besuki NO Cigar Tobacco Djajadi Djajadi; Sulis Nur Hidayati
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 23, No 1 (2017): Juni, 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v23n1.2017.26-35

Abstract

Farmers of Besuki NO cigar tobacco use single fertilizer of ZA or Urea (as a source of N-ammonium), and SP36 (as source of P) in excessive rates which may increase cost of fertilizing and reduce tobacco quality. The experiment which was carried out at Ampel village, District of Wuluhan, Jember in 2015 had an objective to quantify the effect of NPK compound fertilizer on growth, yield, and quality of Besuki NO cigar tobacco. Treatments were packages of fertilizing which include source of compound fertilizer (NPK, KNO3, and KS) and frequency of fertilizer addition (3 and 4 times). The research used Randomized Block Design with 9 treatments of fertilizer package and they were repeated three times. As much 8 treatments of fertilizer packages were compared with farmer’s fertilizer package (650 kg Urea + 25 kg SP36 +100 kg ZA +200 kg KS with 4 times application). Results showed that the highest fresh yield of cigar tobacco (19,6 tons/ha) was produced by farmer’s package. However, the high dried leaves (2,5 ton/ha) and crop index (69,75) were yielded by tobacco with 250 kg NPK + 100 kg Urea + 200 kg ZA + 150 kg KS + 100 kg KNO3 per hectare which were applied 3 times.Keywords: NPK fertilizer, cigar tobacco, yield, grade index, crop indexAbstrakPada umumnya petani tembakau cerutu Besuki NO memberikan pupuk dengan dosis dan waktu pemberian berlebihan dengan jenis pupuk N-amonium, sehingga menyebabkan bertambahnya biaya pupuk dan penurunan mutu tembakau. Penelitian yang dilakukan di Desa Ampel Kecamatan Wuluhan, Jember pada musim tanam 2015 ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh paket pupuk majemuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi, dan mutu tembakau cerutu Besuki NO. Penelitian didesain menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 9 perlakuan paket pemupukan yang diulang tiga kali. Perlakuan paket pemupukan meliputi sumber pupuk majemuk NPK, KNO3, dan KS, dikombinasikan dengan frekuensi pemupukan sebanyak 3 dan 4 kali, sehingga diperoleh 8 paket pemupukan, yang dibandingkan dengan paket pemupukan petani (650 kg Urea + 25 kg SP36 +100 kg ZA +200 kg KS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan paket dosis petani (650 kg Urea + 25 kg SP36 +100 kg ZA +200 kg KS per hektar diberikan 4 kali menghasilkan produksi basah tertinggi (19,6 ton/ha). Namun demikian hasil tertinggi produksi kering (2,5 ton/ha) dan indeks tanaman (69,75) diperlihatkan oleh tembakau yang dipupuk dengan 250 kg NPK + 100 kg Urea + 200 kg ZA + 150 kg KS + 100 kg KNO3 per hektar dengan frekuensi pemberian 3 kali, yaitu saat tembakau berumur 3, 15, dan 30 hari setelah tanam.Kata kunci: pupuk majemuk, tembakau cerutu, produksi, indeks mutu, indeks tanaman
PEMANFAATAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT DAN FOSFAT UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SAMBILOTO / Utilizing Endophytic Bacteria and Phosphate for Growth and Yieald of Andrographis paniculata Gusmaini Gusmaini; Didy Sopandie; Sandra Arifin Aziz; Abdul Munif; Nurliani Bermawie
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 22, No 3 (2016): September, 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v22n3.2016.153-159

Abstract

Andrographis paniculta produce andrographolide, which have functions as raw material for medicine. One can stimulate andrographolide yield by utilizing endophytic bacteria and phosphate. This research objectives were to obtain effect of endophytic bacteria and phosphate on growth, yield and andrographolide content, N, P, and K uptake of A. paniculta. The research was conducted at the experimental garden of ISMCRI, at Cimanggu, Bogor from June 2012-February 2013. The trial was arranged in Random Block Design, factorial, 9 treatments and 3 replications. The first factor were endophytic bacteria; 1) without endophytic bacteria, 2) 20CD, and 3) 20BB. The second factor were the levels of P; 1) without P, 2) 27 kg/ha P, and 3) 54 kg/ha P. The results showed that Endophytic bacteria application and P fertilizer significantly increased plant growth, dry matter yield, andrographolide content and yield, and N, P, K uptake, but there were no interaction between endophytic bacteria and P treatments. Giving of endophytic bacteria improved content and yield of andrographolide ranging 16,9-29,9% and 37,6-45,7% respectively. A dossage of 27 kg/ha P was recommended to produce dry matter and andrographolide yield, and andrographolide content obtained 2.56%. The best andrographolide yield should be harvested at the beginning of generative phase.Keywords: Andrographis paniculata, andrographolide content, endophytic bacteria, phosphate, yield. AbstrakTanaman sambiloto merupakan tanaman penghasil andrografolid, yang berfungsi sebagai bahan baku obat. Salah satu yang dapat memacu produksi andrographolid tersebut dengan memanfaatkan bakteri endofit dan fosfat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bakteri endofit dan fosfat terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi dan kadar andrografolid serta serapan hara N, P, dan K pada tanaman sambiloto. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Cimanggu Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (Balittro), Bogor dari bulan Juni 2012-Februari 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, faktorial, 9 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu bakteri endofit; 1) tanpa bakteri, 2) 20CD, dan 3) 20BB. Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk P; 1) tanpa pupuk, 2) 27 kg/ha P, dan 3) 54 kg/ha P. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri endofit dan P nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan, produksi biomas, kadar dan produksi andrografolid, serta serapan hara N, P, dan K pada umur tanaman 14 MST, namun tidak terdapat interaksi antara kedua faktor tersebut. Pemberian bakteri endofit dapat meningkatkan kadar dan produksi andrografolid, masing-masing berkisar 16,9-29,9% dan 37,6- 45,7%. Dosis 27 kg/ha P direkomendasikan untuk menghasilkan produksi bahan kering dan produksi andrografolid, dengan kadar andrografolid yang diperoleh 2,56%. Produksi andrografolid terbaik, tanaman dipanen pada fase awal generatif.Kata kunci: Andrographis paniculata, andrografolid, bakteri endofit, pertumbuhan, fosfat, produksi.
GALUR HARAPAN KENAF ADAPTIF DI LAHAN BONOROWO, KABUPATEN LAMONGAN SUDJINDRO SUDJINDRO; MARJANI MARJANI; BAMBANO HELIYANTO; DUDUT SUNARDI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 7, No 1 (2001): Maret, 2001
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v7n1.2001.31-34

Abstract

Promising kenaf lines adaptive to flooded area in Lanongan districtThe objective of the trial was lo ind out the most adaptive kenaf lines for flooded area in Lanongan district with a productivity of at least 20% higher than the best control varieties. The trial was conducted at Mojoasem viliage, Larcn sub-district, Lanongan. The trial was designed as a randomized block in 3 replications. Twenty kenaf genotypes consisting of 17 kenaf new lines and 3 control varieties were tested in this experiment. Plot size and plant spacing used was 2 m x 10 m and 20 cm x 15 cm, respectively. The seeds were sown in September 1999. Parameters observed were plant height, stem diameter, frish weight and dry ibre weight. The results showed that lines He 85-9-73 , He 85-9-75. and He 583 were the most promising lines for flooded areas Lanongan with the productivity of 3.4, 3.1, and 3.0 tons dry ibre per ha.
BIOEKOLOGI DAN PENGARUH SERANGAN Sanurus indecora TERHADAP KEHILANGAN HASIL JAMBU METE TRI L. MARDININGSIH; ANDI M. AMIR; I. M. TRISAWA; I.G. N.R. PURNAYASA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 10, No 3 (2004): September, 2004
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v10n3.2004.112-117

Abstract

Jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas ekspor. Salah satu kendala dalam produksinya adalah serangan hama. Di Nusa Tcnggara Barat (NTB), Sanurus indecora telah menjadi isu utama dan dianggap sebagai salah satu hama yang scrius menyerang tanaman jambu mete. Untuk mengetahui bioekologi S. indecora dan pengaruh scrangannya terhadap kchilangan hasil jambu mete telah dilakukan penelitian di pertanaman jambu mete di Dusun Sambik Rindang, Desa Salut, Kecamatan Kayangan, Kabupaten Lombok Barat, NTB dan di laboratorium Entomologi, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Bogor dari April sampai Oktober 2003. Penelitian ini terdiri atas dua kegiatan penelitian yaitu di lapang dan di laboratorium. Kegiatan di lapang adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh serangan S. indecora terhadap kchilangan hasil, ekobiologi, dan musuh alami, sedang kegiatan laboratorium ialah tingkat parasitasi Aphanomerus sp. pada telur S. indecora. Penelitian pengaruh serangan S. indecora terhadap kehilangan hasil jambu mete dilakukan dengan perlakuan pucuk jambu mete yang dikurung dengan kurungan kasa dan yang tidak dikurung. Perlakuan yang dikurung ialah 25 pucuk jambu mete yang tidak terserang (tanpa) S. indecora yang telah mempunyai 5-12 bunga hermaprodit. Sebagai perlakuan yang tidak dikurung ialah 13 pucuk belum terserang S. indecora dan 12 pucuk jambu mete dengan kisaran bunga hermaprodit seperti tersebut di atas yang telah terserang S. indecora. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap perkembangan bunga mete, awal serangan pada pucuk dan berat gclondong. Untuk mengetahui sebaran 5. indecora dilakukan survei di tiga kapubaten di Propinsi NTB yaitu Lombok Barat, Lombok Timur dan Sumbawa dengan metode sampling. Penelitian biologi dilakukan terhadap 60 nimfa yang baru keluar secara individu dan diamati perkembangannya setiap hari. Penelitian untuk mengetahui musuh alami selain parasitoid telur, dilakukan pengamatan pada 10 pucuk jambu mete yang terserang 5. indecora. Pengamatan dilakukan tiap minggu. Tingkat parasitasi Aphanomerus sp. dihitung dengan mengamati parasitoid yang keluar dari 100 kelompok telur S. indecora setiap hari. Hasil penelitian di Dusun Sambik Rindang, Desa Salut, Kecamatan Kayangan, Kabupaten Lombok Barat, NTB menunjukkan bahwa serangan S. indecora menyebabkan kehilangan hasil jambu mete sebesar 57.83%. Hasil survei di tiga kabupaten yaitu Lombok Barat, Lombok Timur dan Sumbawa menunjukkan bahwa S. indecora ditemukan di tiga kabupaten tersebut. Dengan demikian 5. indecora merupakan salah satu hama utama jambu mete. Dari penelitian biologi, lama stadia telur S. indecora ialah 5-9 hari. Stadia nimfa terdiri dari 6 instar, total masa nimfa adalah 42 - 49 hari dan lama masa imago (serangga dewasa) ialah 5 -6 hai. Selain Aphanomerus sp. (Hymenoptera: Platygasteridae), beberapa musuh alami lainnya yang ditemukan di lapang yaitu laba-laba (Arachnida), kumbang Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), Braconidae, Chaleididae (Hymenoptera), belalang sembah (Orthoptera: Mantidae) dan Bocha amphilhoa (Diptera: Syrphidae). Persentase telur terparasit sebesar 9.78%. Persentase telur menjadi nimfa 8.32% dan telur yang tidak menetas 81.90%.Kata kunci : Jambu mete, bioekologi, Anacardium occidentale L , Sanurus indecora, hama, musuh alami, kehilangan hasil ABSTRACTBioecology of Sanurus indecora and the effect of its infestation on the loss of cashew yieldCashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is an export commodity. One of the constraints in cashew production is pest attack. In West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), a latid, S. indecora had become a serious issue and was suspected as one of serious pests attacking cashew plant. Experiments to determine the bioecology of 5. indecora and the yield loss of cashew due to the insect infestation were carried out in Sambik Rindang, Salut Village. Kayangan, Lombok Barat District, West Nusa tenggara and in the laboratory of Entomology, die Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute, Bogor from April to October 2003. Field activities were aimed to find out the effect of S. indecora infestation on yield loss of cashew, ecobiology, and natural enemies. Laboratory activity included parasitization stage of Aphanomerus sp. in 5. indicora. Study on the yield loss of cashew due to S. indecora was carried out by caging and uncaging shoots. Twenty two shoots with 5-12 hermaphrodite lowers were caged 13 shoots with 5-12 hermaphrodite lowers which imatially not attacked by S. indecora and 12 shoots with 5-12 hermaphrodite flowers already attacked by S. indecora. Observations were done on the development of cashew lowers, initial attack on shoots and weight of seeds. To determine the distribution of 5. indecora. a survey was conducted in three districts in West Nusa Tenggara Province namely West Lombok, East Lombok and Sumbawa, using sampling methods. Biology experiment was conducted by caging 60 newly nymphs individually on cashew seedlings and its development was observed every day. To determine natural enemies beside egg parasitoid, observation was conducted on 10 shoots attacked by S. indecora. Parasitization of Aphanomerus sp. was counted by observing natural enemies emerged from 100 egg clusters of 5. indecora. Observation was carried out once a week. Results of the experiment in Sambik Rindang, Salut Village, Kayangan, Lombok Barat District, West Nusa Tenggara showed that the latid caused 57.83% yield loss of cashew. Results of survey in three districts namely West Lombok, East Lombok and Sumbawa, showed that S. indecora was found in those three districts. Therefore, It can be concluded that 5. indecora was a serious pest of cashew plant. The biology experiment showed the duration of its eggs was 5-9 days, nymphs was 42 - 49 days, and adults was 5-6 days. The nymph consisted of six instars. Beside Aphanomerus sp. (Hymenoptera: Platygasteridae), the natural enemies found in the field were spiders (Arachnida), "lady beetle" (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Braco-nidae, Chaleididae (Hymenoptera), mantid (Orthoptera: Mantidae) and Bocha amphilhoa (Diptera: Syrphidae). The parasitization of Aphano-merus sp. was 9.78%. The eggs hatched to be nymphs were only 8.32% and the eggs did not hatch were 81.90%.Key words: Cashew, Anacardium occidentale L., bioecology. Sanurus indecora, pest, natural enemy, yield loss
PENGARUH CEKAMAN AIR TERHADAP MUTU SIMPLISIA PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica L) MONO RAHARDJO; ROSITA SMD; RATNA FATHAN; SUD1ARTO SUD1ARTO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 5, No 3 (1999): Desember, 1999
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v5n3.1999.92-97

Abstract

Effect of water stress on the quality of Centella asiatica L. simplisiaResearch on the effect of water stress on Centella asiatica L. was done at the Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Cops, Bogor. fom January 1997 to March 1998. The objective of the research was to increase the quality of C asiatica L simplisia. Six treatments of water stress were applied based on the percentages of field capacity : (1) 100%, (2) 90%, (3) 80%. (4) 70%. (5) 60%, and (6) 50%. A randomized block design with five replications was used, and each replication in one treatment contained four polybags. Each polybag contained 9.25 kg of soil mixed with 750 g of dung, and 3 g of urea, TSP, and KCI respectively. Three plants o/C. asiatica L. fom Banjaran Bandung wee planted in each polybag. The teatment of water stress was applied one month after planting, then the plants were harvested al two months old. Observation of biomass production included : leaf number, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of leaves, petiole, and stem. Observation on the quality of simplisia included the contents of the contents of asiaticoside acid, asiatic acid, and madecasic acid. The result indicated that water stress showed negative correlation with biomass accumulation. Inceasing 1% of water stress decreased 191 mg of biomass accumulation. Application of water stess could inceased the quality of C*. asiatica L. simplisia. The optimum of asiaticoside acid at the treatment of 53.9% of field capacity was 3.56%, asiatic acid at the treatment of 65.1% of field capacity was 1.42%. and madecasic acid at the treatment of 68.5% of field capacity was 1.76%.
POTENSI BEBERAPA JENIS TUMBUHAN LIAR SEBAGAI SUMBER INFESTASI HeUcoverpa armigera Hbn. PADA TANAMAN TEMBAKAU DELI . NURINDAH; . SUJAK
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 9, No 2 (2003): Juni, 2003
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v9n2.2003.48-54

Abstract

Penelitian ketahanan hidup serangga hama pcmakan daun tembakau deli HeUcoverpa armigera (Ix'pidoplera: Noetuidac) dilakukan di pertanaman tembakau deli, Medan selama tahun 1999. Penelitian meliputi dua kegiatan. yailu kegiatan lapang dan laboratorium. Kegiatan lapang terdiri atas identifikasi dan padal populasi tumbuhan liar selama tidak ada petanaman tembakau deli (Agustusl)cscmbcr), seta pada padat populasi // armigera pada tumbuhan tersebul Penelitian laboratorium meliputi ketahanan hidup dan kcragaan reproduksi // armigera pada tumbuhan inang Selama tidak ada petanaman lembakau cerutu deli, serangga hama pcmakan daun ini bertahan hidup sedikitnya pada 10 spesies tumbuhan liar yang terdapat di sekitar lahan petanaman lembakau deli Pada umumnya, ketahanan hidup pada tumbuhan liar tersebut lebih rendah (30-70%) dibandingkan kalau hidup pada tanaman lembakau Walaupun larva //. armigera dapat menggunakan Ageratum conyzoides, Amaranthus spinosus. Mimosa pigra, dan M, pudica sebagai tanaman inangnya. tetapi serangga ini tidak dapal mencapai dewasa Pada tanaman Phylunthus amarus dan Euphorbia hirta. keperidian (masa reproduksi. fckunditas dan lertililas lelur yang dihasilkan) //. armigera lebih baik (masing-masing 1 190 dan 1 1 59 butir) danpada individu yang hidup pada tanaman tembakau (949 butir). tetapi fctililas telur yang dihasilkan lidak berbeda (masing-masing 84%) Pemanfaatan tumbuhan liar, terutama /.'. hirta, oleh //. armigera selama tidak ada petanaman tembakau deli berpotensi sebagai sumber infestasi hama ini pada tanaman tembakau deli pada musim tanam bcrikutnya.Kata kunci: Tembakau deli, HeUcoverpa armigera, ketahanan hidup, tumbuhan liar ABSTRACT Potency of wild plants as infestation sources of Hclicoverpa armigera on deli tobacco plants Research on the survival of tobacco budworm HeUcoverpa armigera (l-epidoptcra: Noetuidac) was conducted in deli tobacco field, Medan, in 1999 The research consisted of ield and laboratory activities. Field activity was conducted by observing wild plants used by //. armigera for surviving during off-season of deli tobacco This activity included identiication of the plants, population density in the area and larval population on the plants Laboratory activity included the effects of the wild plants on the budworm survival and reproduction performance During off-season of deli tobacco. //. armigera survives on, al least, 10 species of wild plants surrounding the tobacco ield In general, the survival of //. armigera on the wild plants was lower (30-70%) than that on tobacco Although larvae of //. armigera used A. conyzoides, A. spinosus. M. pigra, and M. pudica as their host plants, the insect failed to reach adult stage. The use of P. amarus and E. hirta by //. armigera as host plants resulted in a higher fecundity (1 190 and 1 159 eggs, respectively) than those of tobacco (949 eggs), however the fetility of the eggs was not different (84%). The use of wild plants by //. armigera, especially E. hirta during off-season of deli tobacco could be a potential infestation source of the pest on tobacco ield in the next season.Key words: Deli tobacco, HeUcoverpa armigera, survival rate, wild plants
KETAHANAN TEMBAKAl) TEMANGGUNG TERHADAP KUTU TEMBAKAU, Myzuspersicae (SULZER) (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) SUBIYAKTO SUBIYAKTO; GATOT MUDJIONO; SUWARSO SUWARSO; D. A. SUNARTO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 4, No 4 (1998): November, 1998
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v4n4.1998.109-114

Abstract

Resistance in Temanggung tobacco lines to tobacco aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer)The evaluation on the esistance of Temanggung obacco lines against tobacco aphid was carried out in Malang, from August 19% to March 1997. The experiments consisted of antixenosis and antibiosis resistance. The teatments wee four tobacco lines fom the original population: (1) S.2258, (2) S.2132, (3) S.l%3, (4) S.1965; four lines rom selected population: (5) S.2258/2/1/1, (6) S.2132/2/2/1/1, (7) S.1%3/3/2/1/2/1, (8) S.1%5/2/1/2/1/1; one local line: (9) Kemloko (Gober genjah); two varieties resistant and susceptible o tobacco aphid: (10) Coker 176, and (11) NC95. The treatments wee arranged in randomized block design, with three replications. The esults showed that the two lines from the selection evaluation: S.2258/2/1/1 and S.1%3/3/2/1/2/1 wee resistant to tobacco aphid. Both lines had high density of leaf trichomes, and can be used as resistant resources in plant breeding activities.
PENGARUH PROSES M EMBRAN U LTRAFILTRASI DAN ULTRAVIOLET TERHADAP KOMPOSISI GIZI, SIFAT FISIKOKIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK MINUMAN AIR KELAPA / The Effects of Ultrafiltration and Ultraviolet Process on Nutritional Composition, Physicochemical and Organoleptic SARI INTAN KAILAKU; BUDI SETIAWAN; AHMAD SULAEMAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 22, No 1 (2016): Maret, 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v22n1.2016.43-51

Abstract

The obstacle in developing coconut water-based product is its easily altered properties. Ultrafiltration and ultraviolet processing are potential to obtain a longer shelf life for coconut water drink without altering its nutritional values and unique organoleptic properties, unlike other processing techniques e.g. pasteurization and ultra high temperature. Shelf-life estimation experiment showed that ultrafiltration-and- ultraviolet-processed coconut water without any addition of food additives can be stored for 51 days in 00C. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of ultrafiltration and ultraviolet treatments on the nutritional, physicochemical and organoleptic properties of coconut water drink. The experiments were carried out at Food Analysis Laboratory, Indonesian Center of Agricultural Postharvest Research and Development, on January-April 2015. Coconut water was flown through the ultrafiltration membrane unit and ultraviolet light unit, samples were collected in three repetitions. Nutritional composition and physicochemical properties of fresh coconut water (FCW) and coconut water drink obtained from ultrafiltration and ultraviolet process (CUU) were evaluated and compared. Organoleptic analysis was done by 20 panelists, observations included quality hedonic (aroma, sweetness, saltiness, sourness and turbidity), and acceptance (preferance and ranking test), comparing FCW and CUU with commercial coconut water drink (CWD). CUU showed indistinguishable nutritional composition and physicochemical characteristics from FCW (p>0,05), except on total sugar (p=0,049), clarity (p=0,001), L* (lightness) (p=0,000) and b* (yellowish) (p=0,002). Panelists gave CUU a statistically equal rank to FCW, and better than CWD. The organoleptic characteristics of CUU were concluded as relatively same in saltiness and aroma as FCW, and less intense in sweetness and turbidity compared to CWD. After 10 days storage, panelists level of liking was higher for CUU compared to CWD in color (p=0,004) and general appearance (p=0,016).Keywords: coconut water, nutritional composition, organoleptic properties ultrafiltration, ultraviolet
POTENSI BAKTERI ANTAGONIS DALAM MENEKAN PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI JAHE KARDEN MULYA; SUPRIADI SUPRIADI; ESTHER M. ADHI; SRI RAHAYU; NURI KARYANI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 6, No 2 (2000): September, 2000
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v6n2.2000.37-43

Abstract

Potency of antagonist bacteria in inhibiting the bacterial wilt disease progress gingerBacterial wilt disease caused by Pseudomonas solanacearum is an important disease in ginger plant (Zingiber oicinale Rose.) in Indonesia. The objective of this research was to study the effectiveness of biological agents in inhibiting the progess of bacterial wilt on ginger. The research was conducted at the geenhouse of Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops in 1997-1998 then was followed with a ield experiment at Sukamulya Experimental Garden in 1998/1999. At the greenhouse experiment seven kinds of antagonists bacteria were formulated either individually or combination. Pseudomonas fluorescens (PF), P. cepacia (PC) and Bacillus sp. (BC), mixtue of PF + PC, mixtue of PC + BC, mixture of PF + BC, and mixtue of PF + PC + BC were tested in the geenhouse on ginger plant cultivars putih besar grown in the pot containing soil formerly used for growing P. solanacearum infected tomato. I he results of this experiment indicated that the combination of PF+PC+BC significantly suppressed the progress of bacterial wilt disease compaed to control and other tested combination. In the ield experiment carried out at the bacterial wilt disease endemic area the combinations of PF+PC+BC, Trichoderma harzianum (Bit-1) and combination of PF+PC+BC+BII-I were tested with two levels of application, i.e. two applications with two months interval and 4 application with one month interval. The results showed that the application of antagonists bacteria inhibited Ihe bacterial wilt disease progress and signiicantly increased ginger rhizome yield. The yield of the rhizome from the plants teated with different intervals were not different. However, the application of the antagonist bacteria were not able to eradicate ginger infection by Pseudomonas solanacearum thoroughly.

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