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Nexus Biomedika
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
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Articles 292 Documents
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The Difference of Forced Vital Capacity Ratio (%FVC) between Junior High School Students Living in High Altitude and Low Altitude Fery Ardi Kurniawan; Yuliana Heri Suselo; Amandha Boy Timor Randita
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Abstract

Background: Environment will affect the condition and bodys ability to adapt. The difference of characteristics and environmental conditions between high altitude and low altitude causes the adaptation of body, in order to work normally. This adaptation causes change in many organ systems including the respiratory system. Forced Vital Capacity Ratio (%FVC) is the ratio between Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and predicted value of vital capacity. FVC is influenced by lungs ability to compliance and recoil. The limitations on these ability will reduce the ability to inspire the air so it will be difficult to get oxygen. This research aimed to analyze the difference of %FVC between junior high school students living in high altitude and low altitude. Methods:This research was a cross-sectional observational analytic. The subjects were 30 male students of SMP Amal Mulya Tawangmangu Karanganyar (altitude 966 meters) and 30 male students of SMP Negeri 2 Kretek Bantul (altitude 15 meters). The subjects were selected by using non random purposive sampling and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data of %FVC were measured by Minato AutoSpiro AS.300 Spirometry. The data were analyzed using Independent t-test with significance level ? = 95%. Results: Mean of %FVC of junior high school students in high altitude was 77.67 8.806 whereas mean of that in low altitude was 76.38 8.493 with p = 0.564. Conclusions: There is no significant difference of %FVC between junior high school students living in high altitude and low altitude. Keywords: Forced Vital Capacity Ratio (%FVC), high altitude, low altitude, spirometry
Efektifitas Olahraga Aerob Intensitas Berat Dalam Meningkatkan Kadar High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Plasma Aldila Akhadiyati Narwienda; . Kiyatno; Sinu Andhi Yusuf
Nexus Biomedika Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Background: The value of regular aerobic exercise in increasing HDL level of plasma has accepted widespread acceptance. In contrast, the only few studies have examined the effect of HDL-C level to exercise training. The objective of this study was to determine the most effective intensity of the aerobic exercise in increasing HDL plasma level. Method: This was an experimental laboratory study with randomized pre-test and post-test control group design. This study was conducted from April to June 2012 at Laboratory of Physiology FK UNS. Forty subjects were divided into four groups based on purposive sampling method. There were control group, mild-intensity group, moderate-intensity group and high-intensity group. The HDL level tests were taken before and after eight weeks of intervention. The results then were analyzed with one-way ANOVA test. Results: Based on one-way ANOVA test, there was significant difference among groups in the study (p = 0.002). Based on multiple comparison analyzes, (1) there was no significant difference between the raise of HDL plasma level in control group and mild-intensity group (p = 0.749), (2) there was significant difference between the raise of HDL plasma level in control group and moderate-intensity group (p = 0.044), and (3) there was significant difference between the raise of HDL plasma level in control group and high-intensity group (p = 0.002). Conclusions: High-intensity aerobic exercise was the most effective in increasing the HDL plasma level. Keywords: HDL, aerobic exercise, intensity
Potency of Moringa Leaf Extract (Moringa oleifera, Lam.) in Lowering the fatty infiltration of Heart on Hypercholesterolemia Rat (Rattus norvegicus). Raden Ismail Hafidh Adinugroho; Endang Listyaningsih Suparyanti; Muthmainah Muthmainah
Nexus Biomedika Vol 6, No 2 (2017): Nexus Biomedika
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Abstract

Introduction: The high consumption of high cholesterol foods associated with increased mortality from cardiovascular disease. Because of the side effects like myopathy and the high price of hipercholestrolemia therapy, public interest for the use of natural medicine increased. Moringa leaves contain flavonoids, polyphenols, and ?-sitosterol so that it can reduce fatty infiltration at heart. Histological Study of effect moringa leaves on heart has never been performed before. This study aimed to determine whether the extract of Moringa leaf (Moringa oleifera Lam.) can lower the fatty infiltration of heart on hypercholesterolemia rat model (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory with post test only control group design. A sample of male rats were consisting of Sprague Dawley rats, weight 150-200 g, aged 2-3 months. The sampling technique used is incidental sampling. Twenty eight of samples were randomly divided into four groups, each group consisted of 7 rats.Group KK is given aquades. Group K (-), K1, and K2 is given a high-fat diet for 42 days. Group K1 and K2 were each given Moringa leaf extract at a dose of 200 and 400 mg pe kg of body weight from day 42nd until day 70th. Termination was performed on 71th day, then their hearts were prepared for specimen stained with hematoxylin eosin. Heart ventricle fat area was observed with 1000x magnification on light microscope. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-wallis comparative test and then Post-hoc test Mann Whitney was performed (? = 0.05). Results: The observation area of fat at left and right ventricle in KK, K (-), K1, K2 were 378.8153.32; 1280.15133.94; 386.7457.87; and 326.129.89 ?m. Kruskall-Wallis test showed significant result (p = 0.000). Mann Whitney test results showed no statistically significant difference in area of ventricle fat (p <0.05) among all groups, except between groups of KK and K1 (p = 0.633). Conclusion: The extract of leaves of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) can reduce steatosis / fatty liver histopathology picture rat heart (Rattus norvegicus) model of hypercholesterolemia. Keywords:Moringa leaf extract, heart, fatty infiltration, rat.
Deteksi Gen P14ARF Pada Spesimen Blok Parafin Lidah Penderita Karsinoma Sel Skuamosa Di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Jinan Fairuz Anindika Rakhmat; Pradipto Subiyantoro; Vita Nirmala A
Nexus Biomedika Vol 2, No 3 (2013): Nexus Biomedika
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Background : The oral cavity cancer is twenty most common cancer that occurs in the world.Around90%oral cavity cancer cell carcinoma is squamous andmost of the incidents come from tongue. p14ARF gene is one of the tumor suppressor gene that can prevent the occurrence of a tumor. The purpose of this research was to know the existence of p14ARF gene in paraffin block specimens of the tongue of the squamous cell carcinoma patients in the Regional Public Hospital Dr. Moewardi. Methods : This studywas explorative and descriptive research. Paraffin block samples of the tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients were used in this study. The objectof this research was p14ARF gene located on chromosomes 9p21. The samples were separated from the Paraffin Block and their DNAwere isolated. The DNA products, then, were amplified byPCR and their PCR products were runin agarose gel electrophoresis. Later, the gel was visualized withGel Documentation and analyzed to detect the p14ARF gene. Results : On the visualisation of the gel product, the p14ARF gene was detected in one sample with atypical band pattern and it was not detected on the eight other samples. Conclusion : Only one sample of the tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients which was positive expressed p14ARF gene with atypical band pattern while the eight other samples were not. Keywords : tongue squamous cell carcinoma, p14ARF, oral cavity cancer
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Bit Merah (Beta vulgaris L.) terhadap Struktur Histologis Ginjal Mencit (Mus musculus) Akibat Paparan Minyak Kelapa Sawit Pemanasan Berulang Fitri Febrianti Ramadhan; . Muthmainah; Vitri Widyaningsih
Nexus Biomedika Vol 3, No 3 (2014): Nexus Biomedika
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Abstract

Background: One of plants with abundant antioxidant compounds is red beet (Beta vulgaris L.). That antioxidant compounds can be found in betalain pigment, ?-karoten, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, flavonoid, mineral Cu, Mn, Zn and selenium. This research was conducted to prove the nefroprotective effect and the optimal dose of ethanol extract of red beet which can prevent renal cells damage of mice induced by deep frying palm oil. Methods: This research was laboratory experimental research. Samples were thirty Swiss webster male mice, 2-3 months old and 20 grams of each weight divided into 5 groups randomly, each groups have six mice. Normal control group (KKn) wasnt given any treatments, only aquades. The second group (KP) was induced 0.06 ml/ 20 g weight deep frying palm oil orally and aquades every day for 14 days that can cause renal cells damaging. KP1, KP2, and KP3 were given nephroprotector treatment of ethanol red beet extract with dosage 5.6 ml/ 20 g weight, 11.2 ml/ 20 g weight, and 22.4 ml/ 20 g weight and then after an hour induced 0.06 ml/ 20 g weight frying palm oil orally every day for 14 days. Renal histological imaging were assessed by the sum of the cell nucleus picnosis, cariorecsis, and cariolysis. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and followed by Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons test. (? = 0.05) Results: One-way ANOVA test showed that the value of p was < 0.001. Mean of each group were KKn (8.671.27), KP (44.631.31), KP1 (33.881.15), KP2 (22.751.70), and KP3 (12.791.38). Post hoc multiple comparisons test results showed there was significant. Mean difference of KP-KP1, KP1-KP2, and KP2-KP3 were respectively 10.75, 11.12, and 9.96. Conclusions: The nefroprotective effect and the optimal dose of ethanol extract of red beet can prevent renal cells damaging of mice induced by deep frying palm oil. Keywords: red beet, deep frying palm oil, histology of renal
Correlation between Infection of Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) and Peripheral Blood Eosinophil Levels amongElementary Student at Barengan Village, Teras Subdistrict, Boyolali. Aulia Nadhiasari; Bambang Sukilarso Sakiman; Paramasari Dirgahayu
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 2 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
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Background: The Parasitic infection, caused by intestinal helminths, accounts for significans burden of human disease in developing countries including Indonesia. In chronic infection, eosinophilia occurs as protection against helminth parasites. Increasing eosinophils is often associated with diseases, such as allergy, nephrotic syndromes, leoffler diseases, and also helminthiasis. However, there are little data to prove this unequivocally. This study aimed to determine the correlation between soil transmitted helminths infections and the levels of peripheral blood eosinophil among elementary students at Barengan Village, Teras Subdistrict, Boyolali Methods: This study was conducted by an observational analytic research in a cross sectional approach at Elementary School students in Barengan Village, Teras Subdistrict, Boyolali on periode of October-November 2014. We conducted on 74 samples according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were collected from stool, peripheral blood and questionnaires and then were statistically analyzed with Chi Square test to determine their correlation. Results: Our study showed that the prevalence of helminthiasis among student was 47.3% and Chi Square Analyzes between STH infection and eosinophilia had the value of p=0.041 with Odds Ratio= 2.695. Conclusions:Barengan Village, Teras Subdistrict, Boyolali is still an endemic area for helminthiasis (47.3%). This study shows correlation between soil transmitted helminthes infections and increasing the levels of peripheral blood eosinophil among elementary students at Barengan Village, Teras Subdistrict, Boyolali. Keywords: Soil transmitted helminths, eosinophil, elementarystudents of SD Barengan
Perbedaan Kadar Kuersetin pada Propolis Ekstrak Etanol dan Propolis Ekstrak Air Nurrini Susanti Yulianti; Diding Heri Prasetyo; Sri Hartati H
Nexus Biomedika Vol 1, No 2 (2012): Nexus Biomedika
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Background: Propolis contains flavonoids. One of them is quersetin. Solvent used is propolis extraction influence quercetin level of the extract. This research aims to determine whether there is a difference of Quercetin Level in Ethanol Extract Propolis and Water Extract Propolis. Methods: This research is an experimental research. Subject of this research is propolis from Gejen RT 3 RW 2, Kerjo, Karanganyar. The samples were carried out by purposive sampling. Concentration of quercetin is determined by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer by Prussian-blue methode. Five samples are made for each extract. The data then analized using unpaired t-test by SPSS 17 for windows. Results: Averages of quercetin level in this research are 10,04800,53798 g/mL in Ethanol extract propolis and 1,04400,06804 g/mL in Water Extract propolis with p < 0,05. Conclusions: There are differences in there is a difference of quercetin content in Ethanol Extract Propolis and Water Extract Propolis. Keywords: Propolis, Quercetin level, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Prussian-blue
Antifungal Test of Caricature Plant (Graptophyllum pictum [L.] Griff.) Ethanol Extract to The Growth of Candida albicans In Vitro Victoria Husadani Permata Sari; Sri Haryati; Sigit Setyawan
Nexus Biomedika Vol 6, No 1 (2017): Nexus Biomedika
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Introduction: Much of data states that there has been resistance to candidiasis therapy drugs. It is necessary to consider candidiasis therapy using alternative medicines. Caricature plant (Graptophyllum pictum [L.] Griff.) investigated because it suspected contains compounds that have the potential against the growth of Candida albicans, such as alkaloid, saponin, tannin and flavonoid. The purpose of this research is to determine the antifungal effect of caricature plant (Graptophyllum pictum [L.] Griff.) ethanol extract to the growth of Candida albicans in vitro. Methods: This type of research is an laboratory experimental, post test only with control group design. Research conducted at the Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Sebelas Maret University. The subject of this research is Candida albicans cultured. The measured variable is the caricature plant (Graptophyllum pictum [L.] Griff.) ethanol extract with concentration 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, and diameter of inhibition zone. The data were taken after incubation at 37C for 48 hour. Data were analyzed with Pearson correlation test dan one way ANOVA test with Post-Hoc Tamhane test. Results: Pearson correlation test showed that there are positive correlation between the antifungal effect with increase concentration of caricature plant (Graptophyllum pictum [L.] Griff) ethanol extract. There is significant differences between all concentrations with negative control. There is no significant differences between antifungal effects of concentration 35% with ketoconazole. Conclusion: Caricature plant (Graptophyllum pictum [L.] Griff.) ethanol extract starting concentration at 15% has antifungal effect to the growth of Candida albicans. Caricature plant (Graptophyllum pictum [L.] Griff) ethanol extract concentration of 35% is thought to have an equal effect with the antifungal ketoconazole. Keywords: Caricature plant (Graptophyllum pictum [L.] Griff.) ethanol extract, the antifungal effect, Candida albicans
Ko-infeksi Virus Hepatitis B dan Virus Hepatitis C pada Penderita HIV/AIDS di Surakarta, Indonesia Raden Artheswara Sidhajati; Afiono Agung Prasetyo; Yulia Sari
Nexus Biomedika Vol 2, No 2 (2013): Nexus Biomedika
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Background: One problem in HIV treatment is HBV/HCV co-infection due to their similarity in the transmission routes. HBV/HCV co-infection is believed increasing the risk of hepatotoxicity, hepatocellular carcinoma, steatosis, fibrosis, and also rapidly lead to AIDS in the HIV patients. The purpose of this study was to find out the status of HBV/HCV co-infection among HIV patients in Surakarta. Methods: In November-December 2011 all of HIV patients (n=65) visited the Voluntary Counseling and Testing in Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta were involved in the study. Clinical data and blood samples were retrieved from all patients. Serological assays to detect the presentation of HBsAg and anti-HCV were performed in all samples. Results: There were 17% (11/65) HIV patients infected with the hepatitis viruses. Six point two percent (4/65) was HBsAg+, 10.8% (7/65) was anti-HCV+, and 0% with triple infection. There were 57.1% (4/7) females and 42.8% (3/7) males detected with anti-HCV+. Males and females, each was found 50% (2/4) in HBsAg+. Ninety one percent (10/11)HIV patients with both HBV or HCV co-infection were under 50 years old .None of routine blood test was significant with HBsAg+ or anti-HCV+. Conclusions: Several HIV patients had co-infection with Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus, and most of them were females under 30 years. HIV patients should be checked the status of HBV and HCV co-infection in order to have a better therapeutic management. Keywords: HIV co-infection, Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus
Deteksi Gen TIMP-2 pada Karsinoma Sel Skuamosa Lidah dari Spesimen Blok Parafin Muhammad Rama Anshorie; Pradipto subiyantoro .; Vita Nirmala
Nexus Biomedika Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Biomedika
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Background : Tongue cancer is the most common intraoral site of cancer occurs throughout the world. When it is diagnosed at early stages of development, the tongue cancer has 80 to 90 % survival rate. Although it has a high survival rate, most patients were diagnosed at a late stage. The purpose of this study was to detect the gene as an inhibitor of cancer cell metastasis factor in a paraffin block sample. Method : This research utilized DNA isolated from 14 parafin blocks which served as samples. First, the DNA were amplified using PCR with appropiate primer. Then electrophoresis were performed to detect the presence of TIMP-2 gene in all of samples. Result : TIMP-2 gene was not detected in all of 14 samples. Summary : This research showed that TIMP-2 gene was not found on agarose gel, indicating that TIMP-2 gene was not present in all of the samples.

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