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Current Biochemistry
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23557877     EISSN : 23557931     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education
Current Biochemistry (CB) publishes the results of original research that contribute significantly to the understanding of the chemical compound and reaction that occur within living organism. Preference will be accorded to manuscripts that develop new concepts or experimantal approaches, particularly in the advancing areas of biochemistry science. Manuscripts that are primarily theoretical in nature or in the field of bioinformatics must be directed toward explaining important results previously not understood, making important predictions that can be experimentally tested, or developing segnificant advances in theory of general interest to biochemists. Submission of manuscripts in emerging areas in biochemistry, chemical biology, biophysics, proteomics, model studies and structures, cellular and molecular biology, computational biochemistry, biotechnology, and new methods development is encouraged especially if they address basic biochemical mechanisms.
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Articles 111 Documents
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Development of Trichodermin Nanoemulsion Based on Medium Chain Triglycerides as Antifungal of Ganoderma boninense in vitro Muhammad Alwin Azhari; Ike Wahyuni Putri; Ahmad Irvan Pratama; Radika Evita Hidayah; Laksmi Ambarsari
Current Biochemistry Vol. 4 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : IPB University

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Abstract

Trichodermin has antifungal activity against Ganoderma boninense, but it is volatile and insoluble in water. Research on trichodermin as antifungal G.boninense has been done, but not yet at the stage of altering the nature of the compound. This study aims to develop trichodermin as antifungal G. boninense in the form of nanoenkapsulat with observed aspects including formulation, encapsulation, characterization, and antifungal activity. Trichodermin is extracted from Trichoderma harzianum by maceration. Nanoemulsion is made using Emulsion Inversion Point (EIP) method and encapsulation is done by spray drying. Antifungal activity was tested using a modified dual culture assay method. The results showed the rendement of trichodermin extraction of 0.70%. The best nanoemulsion formula is nanoemulsion with Tween 80 concentrations of 75% of the total organic phase. The formula nanoemulsi has a size of 231.95 nm, polydispersity index of 0.348, and zeta potential of -35.6 mV. Encapsulation has a yield of 5.79%. The encapsulated powder has a moisture content of 5.79%, contains a typical functional group of trichodermin compounds, and is round with an uneven surface. The antioxidant activity of nano-trichodermin encapsulation is higher than trichoderminextract and positive control (hexaconazole) with PIRG value of 84.40%.
Antioxidant Activity, Inhibition α-Glucosidase of Ethanol Extract of Strychnos nitida G. Don and Identification of Active Compounds Stefani Dhale Rale; Hasim Hasim; Syamsul Falah
Current Biochemistry Vol. 5 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : IPB University

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Abstract

This study aims to find the treatment of diabetes using natural materials by exploring plants in the province of East Nusa Tenggara. his research was conducted out by extracting the Strychnos nitida G.Don stem using a method of maceration by ethanol 70%. Ethanol extract was then fractionated using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Simplicia from maceration and fractionation results were then tested for antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibition activity and identification of active compounds. The results showed that ethyl acetate fraction had the lowest IC50 value of 86.83 μg / ml. Results of the α-glucosidase activity test showed that ethyl acetate fraction and n-heksan fraction at 900 ppm had the highest percentage of inhibition of 34.23% and 33.89%. Identification using LCMS/MS method showed that ethyl acetate fraction consist of Benzenemethamine, N, N-dioctyl- as an antioxidantcompound and compound 24-methyl-5-cholestone-hexol as an antidiabetic compound. From the results of this study, we concluded that the extract of kayu ular Strychnos nitida G.Don stem has inhibition activity toward α-glucosidase enzyme.
Effectiveness of Gnetum gnemon Peel Extract as an Antihyperuricemic in White Rats Rattus norvegicus Akhmad Endang Zainal Hasan; Husnawati Husnawati; Chintia Ayu Puspita; Agus Setiyono
Current Biochemistry Vol. 7 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.7.1.3

Abstract

Melinjo (gnetum gnemon) peel extract is believed to have potential as antihyperuricemic agent, however, in vivo assays have yet to be conducted to prove the antihyperuricemic activity. The objectives of this research were to analyze antihyperuricemic activity of melinjo peel extract in Sprague Dawley male white rat. A total of 24 rats were divided into 6 groups, which are a normal, positive, and negative group, 70% ethanolic extract of melinjo peel dose 450 mg/kg BW (ET I) and dose 900 mg/kg BW (ET II), and water extract of melinjo peel dose 93.35 mg/kg BW (EA). The results show that antihyperuricemic potency of 70% ethanolic extract of melinjo peel (ET1 and ET2) was more effective than allopurinol dose 90 mg/kg BW with a percentage decrease of 50% and 54%. Ethanol extract of melinjo peel was able to reduce uric acid levels to be in the range of normal values (<5 mg / dL). Bodyweight gain of rats given ethanol extract of melinjo peel dose 450 mg/kg BW had values that were close to the normal group. Melinjo peel extract contained flavonoid, tannins, saponin, and triterpenoid.
Cytotoxic Activity of Citral from Cymbopogon nardus as Anticancer of MCM-B2 Cell Hasim Hasim; Surya Pangidoan Nasution; Silvi Octavia Kurniawati; Indah Rachmawati
Current Biochemistry Vol. 7 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.7.1.4

Abstract

Cancer is a deadly disease caused by cell abnormalities characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. One type of cancer that is the second leading cause of death is breast cancer. Lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus) is a plant containing citral and geraniol which has the potential as an anticancer. This research was aimed to analyze the potential of essential oils from citronella as antiproliferation of MCM-B2 breast cancer cells. The results of this research showed that lemongrass essential oil was able to significantly reduce the growth of MCM-B2 cancer cells (p<0.05). The concentration of 3 ppm showed an significant difference in doxorubicin, and the concentration of 24 ppm had the highest inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 5.38 ppm. Keywords: Antiproliferation, breast cancer, MCM-B2, essential oils, fragrant lemongrass
Perbedaan Bagian-bagian Tanaman Krokot (Portulaca grandiflora Hook.) terhadap Kandungan Total Fenolik dan Flavonoid serta Aktivitas Antioksidan Husnawati Husnawati; Ukhradiya Magharaniq Safira Purwanto; Aulia Ayu Rispriandari
Current Biochemistry Vol. 7 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.7.1.2

Abstract

Antioksidan diperlukan untuk menangkal radikal bebas dalam tubuh serta stress oksidatif yang mendorong proses penuaan dan berbagai penyakit degeneratif. Portulaca grandiflora Hook. diketahui memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan. Perbedaan bagian-bagian tanaman dapat menyebabkan perbedaan kandungan fitokimia, yang kemudian dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas antioksidannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur kandungan total fenolik dan flavonoid pada organ daun, batang tua, batang muda, dan bunga dari tanaman krokot (Portulaca grandiflora Hook.) yang diekstrak menggunakan etanol 96% serta menentukan aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak tersebut dengan metode DPPH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap organ tanaman krokot mengandung konsentrasi senyawa fenolik dan flavonoid yang berbeda. Kandungan total fenolik dan flavonoid paling tinggi terdapat pada bagian daun (113.26 ± 3.85 mg GAE/g dan 97.99 ± 1.28 mg QE/g), tetapi aktivias antioksidan tertinggi terdapat pada bagian batang tua dengan nilai IC50 122.15 ± 1.30 ppm (tergolong antioksidan sedang). Kata kunci: Antioksidan, Fenolik, Flavonoid, Portulaca grandiflora Hook.
Perbedaan Penggunaan Metode untuk Produksi Glukosamin dari Limbah Cangkang Bekicot Achatina fulica Siti Maesunah Gilang Maya; Raden Roro Fine Ayu Putri; Aisyah Sahara; Galuh Adhiyaksa Ashari; Abdurrahman Zaky; Dimas Andrianto
Current Biochemistry Vol. 4 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : IPB University

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Abstract

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease. This disease occurs when the joint feels painful due to mild inflammation that arises due to activity with the bone of end friction joints. Glucosamine has been proven to stimulate the production of cartilage and inhibit the enzyme that destroys cartilage. Glucosamine which was obtained from the hydrolysis of chitin occurs in a variety of animals such as the shell of crustacea, insects, arthropods, and the shell of molluscs (snail shells). There is a large snail population in Indonesia. Some restaurants and people make use by product snails as food sources. However, this process leaves snail shell as a by product. The high yield of glucosamine produced from snail shells use methods such as reflux+water bath and reflux+magnetic stirrer was 1.47%. Glucosamine hydrochloride was obtained through autoclave at 121 °C and pressure 1 atm for 70 minutes. The presence of chitin, chitosan, glucosamine was confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy. A joint pain ointment was prepared using glucosamine hydrochloride from snail shells concentration at 1 % w/w. Results of this research will be very useful for the reduction of agricultural pests while simultaneously generating a new product that can lift the economic value of snail shells. Keywords: Chitin, Chitosan, Glucosamine, Osteoarthritis, Snail Shells
Pemanfaatan Bakteri Sebagai Pereduksi Emisi Gas Metana Pada Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineesis Jacq.) Nisa Widya Amanda; I Made Artika; Iman Rusmana
Current Biochemistry Vol. 4 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : IPB University

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Abstract

Kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu tumbuhan penghasil minyak terbesar di Indonesia. Proses pengolahan buah kelapa sawit menjadi minyak memiliki dampak negatif, yakni terciptanya gas metana. Gas metana merupakan salah satu gas penyumbang efek rumah kaca yang menyebabkan pemanasan global. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan cara untuk menurunkan emisi gas metana. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah penggunaan bakteri untuk menurunkan emisi gas metana pada limbah cair pemrosesan buah kelapa sawit. Bakteri diisolasi dari limbah cair kelapa sawit. Terhadap isolat tunggal yang diperoleh dilakukan uji aktivitas enzim soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO) dan particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO). Isolat dengan aktivitas methane monooxygenase tertinggi dipilih untuk analisis sekuen DNA dan konstruksi pohon filogenetika. Tahap isolasi bakteri menghasilkan 13 isolat koloni tunggal. Uji aktivitas methane monooxygenase menunjukkan bahwa semua isolat tidak memiliki aktivitas sMMO. Sebaliknya, semua isolat memiliki aktivitas pMMO dengan tingkat berbeda yaitu dengan rentang nilai antara 0.10 – 0.22 M/mL kultur/hari. Analisis sekuen DNA menunjukkan bahwa isolat terpilih adalah Klebsiella sp. Berdasarkan uji Gram diketahui bahwa bakteri ini termasuk bakteri Gram negatif. Bakteri berpotensi digunakan untuk menurunkan emisi gas metan pada limbah cair pemrosesan buah kelapa sawit. Kata kunci: Klebsiella sp, 16S rRNA, Metana, pMMO, sMMO.
Potency of Ethanol Extracts of Palm Seeds (Phoenix dactylifera L.) as Antidiabetic with Inhibition Kinetics Parameter Lisa Giovanny; Faliha Arinda Lestari; Nurul Marfira; Laksmi Ambarsari; Siti Warnasih
Current Biochemistry Vol. 6 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.6.2.1

Abstract

Dates seeds are one of the byproducts of the date palm juice industry which has the potential for further processing. Dates seeds contain active compounds that are known to have ability to inhibit αglucosidase. This study aims to measure the activity of 70% ethanol extract and the fraction of date palm seeds with a mechanism in inhibiting αglucosidase. The measurement of inhibitory activity was carried out by extracting date palm seeds using 70% water and ethanol. The extraction product is then fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water. Then the total phenolic and flavonoid calculations were calculated for each extract and fraction. Measurement of α-glucosidase inhibition activity was measured based on reaction of substrate to enzyme by the addition of inhibitors. The results showed that the ethanolextract had the highest total phenolic and flavonoid, which were 76.86 mg GAE / g and 21.19 mg QE / g, respectively. n-hexane fraction have the best inhibitory activity seen from the IC50 value, which is 12.69 mg/L. The kinetics of inhibition of 70% ethanol extract of date palm seeds are mixed inhibition. Keywords: α-glucosidase, date seeds, flavonoids, kinetic inhibition, phenolics
Antibacterial activity of Stichopus hermanii and Stichopus variegatus methanol extract Hendra Susanto; Mega Safithri; Kustiariyah Tarman
Current Biochemistry Vol. 5 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : IPB University

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Abstract

Since 500 years ago sea cucumber has been used as wound healing medicine. Sea cucumbers are thought to function as a cell growth factor and have the potential as an antibacterial agent. This study aims to determine whether the methanol extract of sea cucumber has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa so that it can be used to help diabetic wound healing of people infected with the same bacteria. The extraction method used was maceration with methanol to dried frozen simplicia. The simplicia was obtained by freeze drying to liquid preparation of heated fresh sea cucumber. The antibacterial activity test was performed using well diffusion method. There were no any antibacterial activity found in the two methanol extracts of sea cucumber. Keywords: antibacterial agent, Stichopus hermanii, Stichopus variegatus
Antibacterial activity of Stichopus hermanii and Stichopus variegatus methanol extract Susanto, Hendra; Safithri, Mega; Tarman, Kustiariyah
Current Biochemistry Vol. 5 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : IPB University

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Abstract

Since 500 years ago sea cucumber has been used as wound healing medicine. Sea cucumbers are thought to function as a cell growth factor and have the potential as an antibacterial agent. This study aims to determine whether the methanol extract of sea cucumber has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa so that it can be used to help diabetic wound healing of people infected with the same bacteria. The extraction method used was maceration with methanol to dried frozen simplicia. The simplicia was obtained by freeze drying to liquid preparation of heated fresh sea cucumber. The antibacterial activity test was performed using well diffusion method. There were no any antibacterial activity found in the two methanol extracts of sea cucumber. Keywords: antibacterial agent, Stichopus hermanii, Stichopus variegatus

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