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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

WARTAZOA
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 02166461 EISSN : 23546832 DOI : 10.14334

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 785 Documents

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Strategies for Increasing Buffalo Productivity through Improvement in Feed and Genetic Chalid Talib; Tati Herawati; Hastono .
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 2 (2014): JUNE 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Buffalo is indigenous livestock of Asia, classified as beef buffaloes that evolve in Southeast Asia and China and dairy buffaloes exist in Indo-Pakistan and Mediteranian. In Indonesia, beef buffaloes are known as swamp buffalo and there are seven new buffalo breeds namely Pampangan, Sumbawa, Moa, Toraya, Simelue, East Kalimantan and South Kalimantan. Buffaloes are reared in extensive traditional system characterized by low growth rate and reproduction ability due to feed shortage and high inbreeding rate. Feed improvements in female is required to get dry matter intake 2.5-2.7% of body weight (BW) that consist of 70% roughage and 30% concentrates, will show a clear sign of estrus. In the male when feed consumption is 2.7-3.5% of BW; it will perform growth rate of 0.6 kg/head/day. Genetic improvement is conducted through selection based on BW in certain ages, reproduction ability and parents without recessive alleles. Distribution of proven bulls and their sperm in outbreeding system would improve the production and reproduction performance, reduce inbreeding level and increase breeding farmer’s income. It is expected that in the long term, the population of buffaloes in Indonesia will increase. Key words: Buffalo, strategies, feed, genetic

Strategy for Developing Local Chicken Sofjan Iskandar
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 16, No 4 (2006): DECEMBER 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Chicken industry in Indonesia offer jobs for people in the village areas . The balance in development industry of selected and local chicken has to be anticipated as there has been threat of reducing importation of grand parent stock of selected chicken due to global avian influenza . In the mean time, high appreciation to the local chicken has been shown by the existence of local chicken farms in the size of business scale . For local chicken business, the government has been built programs, projects, and infrastructures, although the programs and projects were dropped scattered in to several institutions, which were end up with less significant impact to the people. Therefore, it is the time that the government should put more efforts to integrate various sources . focusing in enhancing local chicken industry . Key words : Local chicken industry, synergism, government programmes

Infectious Coryza (Snot) in Chicken in Indonesia Anni Kusumaningsih; Sri Poernomo
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 10, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Infectious coryza (snot) is an infectious disease of poultry, especially chicken, caused by Haemophilus paragallinarum (Hpg). The bacterium is small gram negative, non-motile, microaerophilic, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) dependent. In Indonesia, 3 serotypes of Hpg, A, B and C have been isolated. The course of the disease is usually about 1-3 weeks. In poultry farms with vaccination program, the mortality rate is very low, about 0-5%, but morbidity rate can reach 30-40% with loss of egg production up to 10-50%. Disease control with vaccination using a bivalent (A and C serotypes) or trivalent (A, B and C serotypes) killed vaccine is practiced. The treatments are carried out with drugs including antibiotics and sulpha preparation. Result of antibiotic sensitivity test of Hpg isolates shown that mostly of these isolates were resistance to colistin and streptomycin. Key words : Infectious coryza, Haemophilus paragallinarum, chicken

Stephanofilariasis (Cascado) in Cattle Sarwitri Endah Estuningsih
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 4 (2007): DECEMBER 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Stephanofilariasis which is called as Cascado is characterized by dermatitis in cattle. This disease is caused by nematode from the genus of Stephanofilaria and transmitted by the fly vector. In general, the disease is characterized by pruritis, loss of hair, ulceration, exudation and haemorrhage depending on the stage of infection. Control of the disease could be done by drug treatment of the infected animals and eradication of the fly vector periodically. The disease easily spreads, therefore farmers and the veterinary officers in the fields should pay attention on this disease. Key words: Cascado, Stephanofilaria, cattle, fly vector, dermatitis

The Potency and Utilization of Cassava and Sweet Potato Leaves as Feed Resources for Small Ruminant Juniar Sirait; K Simanihuruk
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 20, No 2 (2010): JUNE 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Cassava and sweet potato leaves are agricultural byproducts which are potential to be utilized as feed for small ruminants. In year 2009, it is assumed that dry matter productions of cassava and sweet potato leaves are 2,590,929 and 348,008 tons, respectively. Cassava and sweet potato leaves, both contain high level of protein (> 20%) so that they are good protein sources for goats. Cassava leaves, however, contain cyanide acid (HCN) that varied depended on the age and require wilting process before fed to goat. Several experiments on utilization of cassava or sweet potato leaves for small ruminants showed positive responses on animal performance and could replace 50% of concentrate feed. Besides, cassava leaves can reduce worm eggs while sweet potato leaves contain high lutein. At present, the development of cassava and sweet potato is expected to provide feed as byproduct for ruminant. Key words: Cassava, sweet potato, feed resource, ruminant

Characteristics of White Duck Mojosari and its Future Development for Commercial Duck Meat Agus Suparyanto
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DECEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

White duck Mojosari will own the good enough prospect when used as by component in forming of duck meat type. Egg production average was 224 eggs per bird per year, and its was competed with brown plumage. Average of egg weight is 65.15 ± 4.84 g, the length of egg is 54.95 ± 2.49 mm and wide surface of egg is 45.66 ± 2.33 mm. White plumage for laying duck type perhaps will be more a lot of constraint. Farmer habit for color pattern believed, that was as proudly varieties breeder on the each area. Serati duck still a lot of constraint because the consumer demand is more like with white performance and cleanness product. This condition was opinion by existence of chicken broiler which enough modern skill and progress in developed. The solution of overcome is crossing between white plumage duck and white plumage muscovy drake will very help to get the product desired by consumer. Expected of Serati duck could be developed for farm breeder industry and opportunities for the farmer business in villages. Key words: Mojosari duck, feather color pattern, Serati, commercial

Characterisation and Identification of Avian Influenza Virus (AI) Dyah Ayu Hewajuli; NLP I Dharmayanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 2 (2008): JUNE 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Avian Influenza is caused by Influenza A virus which is a member of Orthomyxoviridae family. Influenza A virus is enveloped single stranded RNA with eight-segmented, negative polarity and filament or oval form, 50 – 120 by 200 – 300 nm diameters. Influenza A viruses have been found to infect birds, human, pig, horse and sometimes in the other mammalian such as seal and whale. The viruses are divided into different subtypes based on the antigenic protein which covers the virus surface i.e. Haemaglutinin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA). In addition, the nomenclature of subtype virus is based on HA and NA i.e HxNx, for example H5N1, H9N2 and the others. According to pathogenic, it could be divided into two distinct groups, they are Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) and Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza (LPAI). The Avian Influenza viruses have been continuously occurred and spread out in some continents such us America, Europe, Africa and Asian countries. The outbreak of Avian Influenza caused high mortality on birds and it has been reported that in human case Avian Influenza subtype H5N1 virus has caused several deaths. To anticipate this condition, an effort to prevent the transmission of Avian Influenza is needed. These strategic attempts include biosecurity, depopulation, vaccination, control of virus movement, monitoring and evaluation. Laboratory diagnostic plays an important role for successful prevention, control and eradication programs of Avian Influenza. Recently, there are two diagnostic methods for Avian Influenza. They are conventional (virological diagnosis) and molecular methods. The conventional method is usually used for initial diagnostic of Avian Influenza. The conventional method takes more time and more costly, whereas the molecular method is more effective than conventional method. Based on the available diagnostic technique, basically diagnostic of Avian Influenza is done by serology test, isolation and identification as well as pathogenicity test. Key words: Avian Influenza, Characterisation, Identification, Laboratory Diagnostic

Productive and Reproductive Performances of Female Etawah Crossbred Goats in Indonesia I Ketut Sutama
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 1 (2009): MARCH 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Although Etawah Crossbred (PE) goat is considered to be dual purpose (meat and milk) goat, it is mainly raised for meat production. Since early 1990, there has been a growing interest of the farmer in some places to raise PE goat for milk production without sacrificing its role to produce kids for meat. The average birth weight of PE kids varied widely (2.8 – 5 kg), resulted in a high variation in weaning weight (9 – 14 kg). A high pre-weaning mortality of 10 – 50% was a major source of lost in goat production in Indonesia, partly due to low birth weight and/or miss mothering ability. Young female PE goat reached puberty at 8 – 12 months of age and at body weight of about 18 – 22 kg or about 53 – 60% of mature body weight. Gestation length varied between 142 – 156 days, and first post partum estrous occurred at 3 – 5 months after parturition took place, resulted in 8 – 10 months of kidding intervals. Lactation period lasted for 5 – 8 months with total milk yield of 177 – 203 kg/lactation (average 0.85 kg/day). Although milk yield of PE goat was not as high as milk yield of some other dairy goats, the ability of PE goat to cope with harsh local environment, particularly climate and feed conditions, was an advantage. Therefore, raising PE goat would still be an important part of farmer activities in the rural areas in Indonesia. Key words: PE goat, reproduction, milk production

Dietary Fibres: Their Analysis in Animal Feeding, and Their Role in Rabbit Nutrition and Health Thierry Gidenne
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 23, No 4 (2013): DECEMBER 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Two centuries ago Heinrich Einhof developed the so-called Weende method (crude fibre), to first deals with the fibre content of the feeds for ruminants, and proposes to isolate a residue called the "crude fibre". Then, dietary fibre concepts evolve and differ in animal feeding compared to human nutrition and health. Animal nutritionists deal with various fibre sources, often from whole plants (forages, by products of seeds processing), and recover a larger range of polysaccharidic components, including other polymers, such polyphenolic (lignins, tannins) or polylipidic compounds (cutins). Dietary fibres are generally defined as polysaccharides and associated substances resistant to mammal enzyme digestion and absorption that can be partially or totally fermented in the gut. However, today this topic is still subjected to very active research, because of the complexity of the physical structure and chemical composition of the plant cell walls, and in the wide and different physiological effects of these different constituents. The importance of dietary fibre in animal feeding is due to its influence on rate of passage, mucosa functionality and its role as substrate for gut microbes performances and digestive health. This review will describe the definition and different structure of fibres and cell wall constituents and their analytical methods. Key words: Dietary fibre, analysis, rabbit, nutrition, health

Effects of Toxic Compounds in Contaminated Drinking Water for Livestock Yuningsih .
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 15, No 2 (2005): JUNE 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Good water quality is a broad term, which encompasses taste, mineral and organic content, salinity, solids, microbes and potential natural or chemical contaminants in the safety level . Due to the rapid development of industrial companies without a proper waste water treatment, the source of drinking water for animal can be contaminated by toxic compounds . Water resources for livestock must be free from the contamination qualitatively as well as quantitatively . This paper describes some contaminants in the drinking water, their effects on livestock, and methods to measure their level. Key words: Water quality, toxic compounds, livestock

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Journal Mail Official
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Indonesian Center for Animal Science Research and Development Jl. Raya Pajajaran Kav E-59 Bogor 16151 Bogor Indonesia

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Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA