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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 24426636     EISSN : 23553987     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21776
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition (IJHN) merupakan jurnal ilmiah yang memuat artikel penelitian di bidang gizi manusia dan di terbitkan oleh Jurusan Gizi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya Malang dan terbit dua kali dalam setahun (bulan Mei dan November).
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Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Suplemen " : 10 Documents clear
Perbedaan Kekuatan Genggam Berdasarkan Status Gizi pada Pasien DM Tipe 2 (Handgrip Strength Difference based on Nutritional Status in Type 2 Diabetic Patients) Rohimah, Banun; Sugiarto, Sugiarto; Probandari, Ari; Wiboworini, Budiyanti
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Suplemen "Malang Current Issues On Nutrition (MCION)"
Publisher : Jurusan Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (322.308 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2016.003.Suplemen.2

Abstract

AbstrakDiabetes melitus (DM) merupakan masalah utama kesehatan masyarakat. Kondisi malnutrisi dapat terjadi pada pasien DM. Malnutrisi menyebabkan kelainan sensorimotor dan pengecilan otot yang bervariasi pada tiap tahapannya. Penilaian penurunan kekuatan genggam disarankan sebagai metode untuk mendeteksi kekurangan gizi di bidang klinik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kekuatan genggam berdasarkan status gizi IMT pada pasien DM tipe 2. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel adalah 153 pasien DM tipe 2 di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam rawat jalan RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Semua sampel diukur kekuatan genggam menggunakan handgrip dynamometer dan untuk Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dengan penimbangan berat badan menggunakan timbangan digital dan pengukuran tinggi badan menggunaan microtoise kemudian dimasukkan rumus IMT. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu uji t independen untuk mengetahui perbedaan nilai rerata kekuatan genggam, perhitungan koefisien korelasi Pearson untuk mengetahui hubungan kekuatan genggam dengan IMT, dan model regresi linear untuk prediksi skor dari karakteristik ke variabel kekuatan genggam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada 153 subjek memiliki rentang usia 38-68 tahun dengan rata-rata 56±7,13 tahun. Terdapat perbedaan kekuatan genggam berdasar jenis kelamin dan pekerjaan pada status gizi baik dan kurang, sedangkan perbedaan kekuatan genggam berdasar pendidikan hanya pada status gizi baik. Nilai kekuatan genggam antara status gizi kurang vs. status gizi baik = 22,28±9,69 kg vs. 22,98±8,27 kg (p=0,807). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan kekuatan genggam antara status gizi kurang dan status gizi baik berdasarkan IMT pada pasien DM tipe 2.Kata kunci : Kekuatan genggam, IMT, DM Tipe 2 AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a major health problem. Malnutrition is common among diabetic patients. Malnutrition may cause sensory motor disorders and muscle wasting in varying degrees. Handgrip strength (HGS) asessment is recommended to detect undernutrition in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to determine the HGS in type 2 diabetic patients. This was an observational study with cross sectional design. 153 type 2 diabetes outpatients of internal medicine clinic in Dr Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta were recruited using purposive sampling technique. HGS level was measured using handgrip dynamometer. The bodyweight and height were measured using digital weight scale and microtoise, respectively. The body mass index (BMI) was determined from body weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. Independent sample t test was used to determine the difference of HGS level based of BMI index; Pearson correlation coefficient  measures the correlation between HGS and BMI while linear regression models were used to predict score from characteristic to HGS variable. Overall, 153 type 2 diabetes patients aged 38-68 year-old were participated in this study. The mean level of age was 56±7,13 year-old. The difference of HGS level was found based on gender and type of jobs, both normoweight and underweight group while HGS difference based on educational level was only found in normoweight group. HGS between underweight vs. normoweight group was 22,28±9,69 vs 22,98±8,27 kgs (p=0,807). There was no significant difference of HGS in type 2 diabetic patients with underweight and normoweight status.Keywords: Handgrip Strength, BMI, Type 2 Diabetes.
Potensi “Khimelor” sebagai Tepung Komposit Tinggi Energi Tinggi Protein Berbasis Pangan Lokal (Health Potential of “Khimelor” as Composite Fluor Having Both High Energy and High Protein Level Based on Local Food) Tanuwijaya, Laksmi Karunia; Gita, Amanda Putri; Ummi, Ismi Indah; kusuma, titis sari; Ruhana, Amalia
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Suplemen "Malang Current Issues On Nutrition (MCION)"
Publisher : Jurusan Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (801.529 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2016.003.Suplemen.8

Abstract

AbstrakPenggunaan tepung terigu sebagai bahan dasar produk makanan untuk diet tinggi energi tinggi protein masih cukup besar. Kedelai, kacang hijau, bayam merah dan daun kelor merupakan bahan pangan lokal sumber zat gizi yang potensial untuk diolah menjadi tepung komposit pengganti tepung terigu, yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai produk makanan jadi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh proporsi kedelai, kacang hijau, bayam merah dan daun kelor (KhiMeLor) terhadap mutu gizi, mutu protein dan organoleptik tepung komposit. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan desain Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Taraf perlakuan berupa perbedaan komposisi tepung terigu dibanding tepung komposit (kedelai, kacang hijau, bayam merah, dan daun kelor) yaitu P0 (100% : 0%); P1 (75% : 25%); P2 (50% : 50%); P3 (25% : 75%); dan P4 (0% : 100%). Kandungan karbohidrat, protein, dan lemak diuji menggunakan uji proksimat sedangkan kandungan zat besi dan beta karoten diuji dengan metode Spektrofotometri.  Mutu protein ditinjau dari asam amino pembatas dan mutu cerna protein. Mutu organoleptik diuji menggunakan hedonic scale scoring pada 20 panelis agak terlatih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa P4 memiliki kandungan energi (393,80 ± 2,46 kkal/100g), protein (32,85 ± 0,52%), dan lemak (9,12 ± 0,37%), tertinggi dibanding 4 perlakuan lain dengan perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05). Kandungan zat besi dan beta karoten tertinggi pada P3 yaitu 15,02 ± 0,80 mg/kg dan 5816,9 ± 289,1 µg/100g. Asam amino pembatas pada P4 adalah metionin dan sistein, dengan mutu cerna 88,21%. P2 memiliki tingkat kesukaan tertinggi terhadap warna dan tekstur, namun semakin banyak penambahan tepung komposit semakin rendah penerimaan panelis terhadap parameter aroma (p<0,05).Kata kunci : tepung komposit, pangan lokal, KHiMeLor AbstractThe use of wheat flour as the basic ingredients of food products for high energy high protein diet is considerably high. Soybeans, mung beans, red leaf spinach and moringa leaf is local food sources of nutrients that are potential to be processed into a composite flour substituting wheat flour, which can be utilized for a variety of food products. The research was aimed to know the influence of proportion of soybeans, mung beans, red leaf spinach and moringa leaf (KhiMeLor) on the quality of nutrition, protein and organoleptik quality of composite flour. This was experimental research with a complete random design. The treatment were several composition mixtures of wheat and composite flour, consisting of soybean, mung bean, red leaf spinach and moringa leaf ) P0 (100% : 0%); P1 (75% : 25%); P2 (50% : 50%); P3 (25% : 75%); P4 (0% : 100%). The content of carbohydrate, protein and fat was analyzed using proximate analysis. The quality of protein was examined from limiting amino acid and protein digestibility score. The sensory test was used to examine the costumer acceptance on sensory parameters. Statistical analysis used One Way Anova which  showed that substitution of  soy bean, mung bean,  moringaleaf and red spinach significantly (p=0,000) increases protein level. The limiting amino acid of P0,P1 and P2 was Lysine, but P3 and P4 was methionine. Protein digestibility of composite fluor was less than P0 (96%). The result of sensory evaluation showed that there was significant difference in aroma (p=0,000) and texture (p=0,029) which decreases as there is an increase of proportion composite flour. The conclusion was different proportion of soy bean, mung bean, moringa leaf and red spinach  influences the nutrition quality and sensory evaluation of composite flour.Keyword : composite flour, local food, KHiMelor
Gambaran Masalah Gizi pada 1000 HPK di Kota dan Kabupaten Malang (Illustration of Nutritional Problem in the First 1000 Days of Life in Both City and District of Malang, Indonesia) Rahmawati, Widya; Wirawan, Nia Novita; Wilujeng, Catur Saptaning; Fadhilah, Eriza; Nugroho, Fajar Ari; Habibie, Intan Yusuf; Fahmi, Ilmia; Ventyaningsih, Agustiana Dwi Indiah
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Suplemen "Malang Current Issues On Nutrition (MCION)"
Publisher : Jurusan Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (495.412 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2016.003.Suplemen.3

Abstract

AbstrakMasa 1000 hari pertama kehidupan (HPK) merupakan masa terpenting dalam daur kehidupan manusia.  Status gizi pada 1000 HPK akan mempengaruhi terhadap  kualitas kesehatan, intelektual dan produktivitas pada masa yang akan datang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji gambaran status gizi pada 1000 HPK di wilayah Kota dan Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian ini menganalisis database dan laporan kegiatan survey gizi (Pre Dietetics Internship, Program Studi Ilmu Gizi-Universitas Brawijaya) di wilayah Kota dan Kabupaten Malang dalam kurun waktu Februari 2012-Februari 2016 dengan sasaran ibu hamil (n 777), ibu menyusui (n 718), bayi (n 638) dan baduta (n 554). Status gizi diukur menggunakan metode antropometri, indikator status gizi ibu hamil: IMT sebelum hamil, LILA dan peningkatan BB/minggu; ibu menyusui: IMT dan LILA; bayi dan baduta: z-score BB/PB, PB/U dan BB/U. Asupan zat gizi diperoleh melalui metode 24h recall. Pola pemberian ASI, MP ASI dan faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi dikaji menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Seluruh data disajikan dalam statistik deskriptif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi masalah gizi pada subyek ibu hamil, menyusui, bayi dan baduta masih tergolong tinggi dan sedang. Sebanyak 18,9% ibu hamil kurus dan 30,3% gemuk di awal kehamilan, serta penambahan BB/minggu kurang=49,3%. Status gizi kurang pada ibu menyusui=8,4%. Kurus dan pendek termasuk kategori “masalah sedang” pada bayi dan baduta (kurus: 7,5% vs. 7,8%; pendek: 21,0% vs. 21,2%). Prosentase pemberian ASI termasuk tinggi (94,4%), namun pemberian prelakteal dan MP ASI dini tinggi (52,8% dan 66,5%), dan ASI Eksklusif rendah (28,8%). Masalah gizi di Kota dan Kabupaten Malang masih merupakan tantangan untuk diatasi.Kata Kunci: status gizi, ibu hamil, ibu menyusui, baduta, ASI Eksklusif AbstractThe first 1000 day of life is the most important period in human life. Nutritional status during this period highly influences the quality of health, cognitive and productivity in the future. This research aims to assess the nutritional status of the first 1000 days in City and District of Malang. This research analyses the database and report of nutritional survey (Pre Dietetics Internship, Nutritional Study Program University of Brawijaya) in area of City and District Malang from February 2012-February 2016. The research subjects included pregnant women (n 777), lactating mother (n 718), infant (n 638) and children under two year (n 554). Nutritional status was measured by using anthropometry method, with indicators for pregnant women: BMI pre pregnancy, MUAC and pregnancy weight gain; for lactating mother: BMI and MUAC; infant and under two year children: z-score weight-for-length, length-for-age dan weight-for-age. Nutrient intake was obtained by using 24h recall. Breastfeeding pattern, complementary feeding practice, and factors associated with nutritional status were collected by using structured questionnaire. All data was presented using descriptive statistics. Result shows that nutritional problem among pregnant women, lactating mother, infant and children under two year children was categorized into high and medium. There were 18,9% and 30,3% of pregnant women entering their pregnancy with underweight and overweight problem; and 49,3% low pregnancy weight gain. The percentage of underweight in lactating mother was  8,4%. Wasting and stunting in infant and children under two year were categorized as “medium problem” (wasting: 7,5% vs. 7,8%; stunting: 21,0% vs. 21.2%). There was 94,4% of infant receiving breastmilk. However exclussive breastfeeding practice only accounted for  28,8%, since there were 52,8% dan 66,5% of them received prelacteal and early complementary food. Nutritional problems in City and District Malang are still a challange and need to resolve.Keyword:  nutritional status, pregnant women, lactating mother, children under two year old, exclusive brestfeeding 
Karakteristik Organoleptik Formulasi Biskuit Berbasis Tepung Labu Kuning (Cucurbita moschata), Tepung Kacang Koro (Mucuna prurien), dan Tepung Sagu (Metroxilon sago) (The Organoleptic Characteristics of Biscuit Formulation with Curcubita moschata, Mucuna prurien, and Metroxilon sago Based Wati, Rachma; Novita, Rosi; Miko, Ampera
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Suplemen "Malang Current Issues On Nutrition (MCION)"
Publisher : Jurusan Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (581.548 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2016.003.Suplemen.10

Abstract

 Riskesdas (2013) menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi status gizi anak balita di Provinsi Aceh berdasarkan indeks BB/U, TB/U dan BB/TB diatas prevalensi nasional, yaitu berturut-turut 25%, 40% dan 15%. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi masalah gizi adalah pemberian makanan tambahan pada anak balita.  Pengembangan produk biskuit dari bahan pangan lokal dapat dijadikan salah satu alternatif makanan tambahan untuk meningkatkan status gizi anak balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik organoleptik formulasi biskuit berbasis pangan lokal dari tepung labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata), tepung kacang koro (Mucuna prurient) dan tepung sagu (Metroxilon sago). Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor yaitu kombinasi penggunaan tepung labu kuning, kacang koro dan sagu dalam formulasi biskuit. Pengujian sifat organoleptik metode hedonik merupakan parameter yang digunakan untuk menentukan formulasi biskuit yang paling disukai. Panelis yang digunakan adalah panelis semi terlatih sebanyak 30 orang. Hasil analisis sidik ragam ketiga formulasi biskuit terhadap parameter warna dan rasa biskuit menunjukkan hasil berbeda nyata pada selang kepercayaan 95% (α = 0,05), sedangkan untuk parameter aroma dan tekstur tidak memberikan hasil yang berbeda nyata. Berdasarkan karakteristik organoleptik, formulasi biskuit yang lebih disukai oleh panelis adalah biskuit dengan kombinasi tepung labu kuning 20 gram, tepung kacang koro 10 gram dan tepung sagu 20 gram.Kata kunci : biskuit, tepung labu kuning, tepung kacang koro, tepung sagu, organoleptik  Riskesdas (2013) shows that prevelance of children under nutrition in Aceh province based on index weight for age, height for age, and weight for height are above National prevalency, comprising 25%, 40%, and 15% respectively. One of the efforts conducted to reduce nutrition problem is the adminstration of supplementary food for children. Development of biscuit from local food can be used as supplemetary food to help the unfortunate children. This research was aimed to study the  organoleptic characteristic of biscuit formulation based on local food pumpkin flour (Cucurbita moschata), koro bean flour (mucuna prurien) and sago flour (Metroxilon sago). The research design used was one factor complete randomized design, with  the combination of pumpkin flour, koro bean and sago in biscuit combination. The quality of the biscuits was assessed organolepticaly using 30 semi trained panelists.  The result of the analysis of variance of colours and flavour paramaters showed a significant difference at  95% confident interval. The analysis of variance resulted in confident interval 95% (α=0,05), while from the smell and texture parameter it does not show a significantly different result. Based on the characteristic of organoleptics, the preferrred biscuit formulation chosen by panelists is biscuit with the combination of 20 g pumpkin flour, 10 g koro bean flour and 20 g sago flour.Keywords : biscuit, pumpkin flour, koro bean flour, sago flour, organoleptic
Mi “Mocafle” Peningkatan Kadar Gizi Mie Kering Berbasis Pangan Lokal Fungsional (Mocafle Noodle to Increase the Nutritional Level of Dry Noodles as Fuctional Local Food Based) Aliya, Lisana Shidiq; Rahmi, Yosfi; Soeharto, Setyawati
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Suplemen "Malang Current Issues On Nutrition (MCION)"
Publisher : Jurusan Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (504.887 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2016.003.Suplemen.4

Abstract

AbstrakBerdasarkan Riskesdas 2010, prevalensi balita Kurang Energi Protein (KEP) sebesar 17,9%. Penduduk Indonesia yang mengkonsumsi energi di bawah kebutuhan minimal sebanyak 40,7%, sedangkan untuk protein sebanyak 37%. Salah satu cara mengatasi KEP antara lain dengan diversifikasi pangan terutama di daerah rawan pangan ataupun masyarakat berdaya beli rendah. Pangan lokal fungsional yang bisa diupayakan adalah mocaf karena karbohidratnya tinggi dan lele karena proteinnya tinggi. Ketersediaan mocaf dan lele cukup melimpah dan mudah didapat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan formulasi tepung mocaf dan tepung lele pada produk Mie Kering “Mocafle” dapat diterima secara mutu fisik maupun mutu organoleptik dan terdapat peningkatan kadar zat gizinya. Metode penelitian Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 taraf perlakuan dan 5 kali replikasi. Taraf perlakuan berdasarkan proporsi tepung terigu, tepung mocaf, tepung tapioka, dan tepung lele dengan perbandingan P0 (100%; 0%; 0%; 0%), P1 (40%; 40%; 20%; 0%), P2 (35%; 40%; 20%; 5%), P3 (30%; 40%; 20%; 10%), dan P4 (25%; 40%; 20%; 15%). Parameter yang diamati adalah daya putus mie, rasa, warna, aroma, tekstur, karbohidrat, protein, lemak, dan kadar air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan penilaian terbaik panelis, mie “Mocafle” dengan formulasi tepung terigu 35%, tepung mocaf 40%, tepung tapioka 20%, dan tepung lele 5% secara mutu fisik dan mutu organoleptik relatif sama dengan mie kontrol, secara kandungan gizi proteinnya sedikit lebih rendah. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah dapat mewujudkan suatu produk berbahan dasar pangan lokal fungsional yang dapat diterima oleh masyarakat dan pemanfaatan mocaf dapat mengurangi ketergantungan kepada terigu.Kata kunci : tepung mocaf, tepung lele, mie kering, pangan lokal AbstractBased on Riskesdas 2010, the prevalence of toddler’s Protein Energy Deficiency (PEM) was accounting for 17.9%. Indonesian people consume under the minimal requirements as much as 40.7% for energy and 37% for protein. One of the ways to overcome PEM is food diversification, especially in food insecure areas and has low purchasing power. Local functional foods that could be secured are mocaf because of its high carbohydrate and catfish because of its high protein. The availability of mocaf and catfish is relatively abundant and easily obtained. The purpose of this research is to prove mocaf flour and catfish flour formulations on dried noodles "Mocafle" acceptable in their physical quality and organoleptic quality and to increase the nutritional quality. Research methods were completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 5 replications. Treatment was based on the proportion of wheat flour, mocaf flour, tapioca flour, and catfish flour with comparison P0 (100%:0%:0%:0%), P1 (40%: 40%: 20%: 0%), P2 (35%: 40%: 20%: 5%), P3 (30%: 40%: 20%: 10%), and P4 (25%: 40%: 20%: 15%). Parameters measured were breaking power of noodle, taste, color, flavor, texture, carbohydrates, protein, fat, and water content. The results showed that the best assessment based panelists was that "Mocafle" noodle with formulation of 35% wheat flour, 40% mocaf flour, 20% tapioca flour, and 5% catfish flour is relatively the same as standard noodles in their physical quality and organoleptic quality, while in their nutritional quality it has lower protein level. The conclusion of this study is that local functional food can be produced which can be accepted by the society and reduces wheat flour dependence.Keywords : mocaf flour,catfish fluor, dry noodles, local food
Ketersediaan dan Keragaman Pangan serta Tingkat Ekonomi sebagai Prediktor Status Gizi Balita (The Availability and Diversification of Food as Well as Economic Status as the Predictor of Nutritional Status of Children Under 5 Years Old) Wirawan, Nia Novita; Rahmawati, Widya
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Suplemen "Malang Current Issues On Nutrition (MCION)"
Publisher : Jurusan Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (472.93 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2016.003.Suplemen.9

Abstract

 Penyebab tidak langsung dari masalah gizi balita adalah ketersediaan pangan dan keragamannya. Ketersediaan dan keragaman pangan ini tidak terlepas dari tingkat sosial ekonomi keluarga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan dari keragaman pangan, ketersediaan pangan, dan tingkat ekonomi dengan status gizi balita di Kota Malang. Penelitian cross-sectional dengan metode multistage sampling pada 57 kelurahan di kota Malang dilakukan pada 115 keluarga yang mempunyai balita pada tahun 2014. Keragaman pangan tingkat rumah tangga diukur dengan kuesioner Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS), ketersediaan pangan rumah tangga dengan Household 7-days-food record, tingkat ekonomi dengan indikator jenis dan total pendapatan, persen pengeluaran untuk pangan (%PP) serta status gizi balita dengan indikator z-skor BB/TB, BB/U, dan TB/U. Analisis dilakukan dengan uji korelasi Spearmann/Pearson dan Fisher’s exact.  Rata-rata usia balita adalah 24,22 ± 15,74 bulan terdiri dari laki-laki 61 (53%) dan 54 (47%) perempuan. Prevalensi balita kurus 12,17%, pendek 26,09%, dan berat badan kurang 11,3%. Median HDDS adalah 9 dengan ketersediaan energi/kapita/hari sebesar 983,28 (631,58; 2210,97) kkal/kapita/hari. Rata-rata total pendapatan per rumah tangga adalah Rp.1.176.576±1,94 dan Rp.374.47±1,9 per kapita. Adapun %PP  sebesar 59,13±1,8%. Terdapat hubungan negatif antara z-skor BB/TB dan HDDS dengan dengan %PP (p=0.042, r=-0.19 dan p=0,002 dan r=-0,29) serta hubungan positif antara HDDS dengan jumlah pendapatan (p<0,001 dan r=0,378). Z-skor BB/TB juga mempunyai hubungan dengan jenis pendapatan (p<0,05). Kesimpulannya bahwa ada hubungan antara keragaman pangan dan pendapatan (jumlah dan jenis) dengan Z-skor BB/TB sehingga hal ini dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor status gizi.Kata Kunci: Keragaman pangan; ketersediaan pangan; status gizi; HDDS  The underlying cause of malnutrition among children under the age of five is food availability and food diversity. These factors are related to economic level of the household. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation betwen food availability and diversity as well as economic status and nutritional status of children under five in Malang City. A cross-sectional study with multistage sampling method from 57 villages in Malang city was conducted among 115 households having underfive age children in 2014. Food diversity was measured using  Household Dietary Diversity Score questionnaire (HDDS), household food availability using Household 7-day-food record, economic status using the indicator types of income, total income, and proportion of food expenditure (%FE). WHZ, WAZ and HAZ were used to determine nutritional status. Analisis was performed by Spearmann/Pearson correlation and Fisher’s exact.  The average age of children was 24,22 ± 15,74 months, consisting of 61 (53%) male and 54 (47%) female. Prevalence of wasting was 12,17%, stunting 26,09% and underweight 11,3%. Median HDDS was 9, food availaibilty in term of energy/person/day was 983,28 (631,58; 2210,97) kcal/person/day. The average income per household was Rp.1.176,576±1,94 and Rp.374.47±1,9 per person. Proportion of food expenditure was 59,13±1,8%. There was a negative correlation between WHZ and HDDS with %FE (p=0.042, r=-0,19 dan p=0,002 dan r=-0,29) and positive correlatition between HDDS and total income (p<0,001 dan r=0,378). WHZ was also correlated with types of incomes (p<0,05). The conclusion was that dietary diversity and income (types and amount) was correlated with WHZ. Therefore these indicators can be used as a predictor of nutritional status. Key words: dietary diversity; food availability; nutritional status; HDDS
Faktor Risiko Stunting Pada Anak Usia 6-23 Bulan di Kabupaten Jeneponto (Risk Factors of Stunting among Children Aged 6-23 Months in Jeneponto Regency) Hafid, Fahmi; Nasrul, Nasrul
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Suplemen "Malang Current Issues On Nutrition (MCION)"
Publisher : Jurusan Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (32.69 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2016. 003. Suplemen.5

Abstract

AbstrakStunting adalah retardasi pertumbuhan linier kurang dari -2 SD panjang badan menurut usia. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko stunting anak usia 6-23 bulan di Kecamatan Bontoramba Kabupaten Jeneponto. Jenis penelitian analitik dengan disain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah 410 Set e-files data Survei Gizi &amp; Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak Kecamatan Bontoramba Kabupaten Jeneponto 2014 jumlah sampel sebanyak 350 set data dengan teknik exhaustive sampling. Analisis data dengan uji Chi Square dan regresi logistic. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa faktor risiko stunting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Kecamatan Bontoramba Kabupaten Jeneponto adalah berat badan lahir rendah OR=4,018; 95%Cl 1,714-9,420, usia anak 12-23 bulan OR=2,688; 95%Cl 1,646-4,390, tinggi badan ibu &lt;150cm dengan OR=1,948 95%Cl 1,202-3,158, pengasuh anak tidak mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun OR=1,785; 95%Cl 1,102-2,893 serta imunisasi dasar yang tidak lengkap dengan OR= 1,673; 95%Cl 1,049-2,669. Berbagai tindakan pencegahan stunting anak usia di bawah dua tahun terutama pada kelompok berisiko stunting seperti anak dengan berat lahir rendah, tinggi badan ibu&lt;150cm dengan membiasakan praktik mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun serta imunisasi dasar yang lengkap.Kata Kunci: Stunting, Anak usia 6-23 bulan, BBLR AbstractStunting is a linear growth retardation of less than -2SD body height based on age from the WHO Child Growth Standards. This study was aimed to analyze the risk factors for Stunting of children aged 6-23 months in Regency of  Bontoramba Jeneponto. This type of research is analytic research with cross sectional design. The population was 410 Set e-files Nutrition Survey data and Maternal and Child Health District of Bontoramba Jeneponto 2014 with the total sample of 350 sets of data with exhaustive sampling technique. Data were analyzed by chi square test and logistic regression. The study found that the risk factors for Stunting in children aged 6-23 months in District Bontoramba Jeneponto is due to low birth weight OR = 4,018;95%Cl 1,714-9,420, age 12-23 months OR = 2,688; 95%Cl 1,646- 4,390), maternal height &lt;150cm with OR = 1,948; 95%Cl 1,202-3,158, caregivers not washing hands with soap OR = 1,785;95%Cl 1,102-2,893) and incomplete basic immunization with OR = 1,673; 95%Cl 1,049-2,669. There are various prevention of stunting in children aged under two years especially at-risk groups such as the stunting of children with low birth weight, maternal height &lt;150cm including getting the practice of washing hands with soap and complete basic immunization.Keywords: Stunting, Children aged 6-23 months, low birth body weight
Pengaruh Edukasi Gizi terhadap Feeding Practice Ibu Balita Stunting Usia 6-24 Bulan (The Effect of Nutritional Knowledge on Feeding Practice of Mothers Having Stunting Toddler Aged 6-24 Months) Dewi, Maryati; Aminah, Mimin
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Suplemen "Malang Current Issues On Nutrition (MCION)"
Publisher : Jurusan Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (213.378 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2016.003.Suplemen.1

Abstract

AbstrakStunting merupakan masalah gizi kurang yang kronis. Praktik pemberian makan merupakan salah satu faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap kejadian stunting, sehingga diperlukan adanya edukasi gizi mengenai praktik pemberian makan. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian adalah mempelajari pengaruh intervensi edukasi gizi terhadap perbaikan pengetahuan dan praktik pemberian makan (feeding practice) ibu yang memiliki balita stunting. Desain penelitian digunakan desain quasi experiment dengan pre-post test two group design. Lokasi penelitian adalah 6 posyandu di kelurahan Cibeureum Kota Cimahi yang memiliki prevalensi stunting cukup tinggi, jumlah subyek penelitian penelitian pada kelompok satu dan dua masing-masing adalah 20 orang dengan kriteria inklusi meliputi ibu memiliki anak balita stunting usia 6-24 bulan saat penelitian berlangsung, anak tidak cacat, ibu dapat diajak berkomunikasi, bersedia menjadi subyek penelitian penelitian. Intervensi berupa edukasi gizi menggunakan booklet PMBA, cara mencuci tangan yang benar, daftar ukuran rumah tangga dan contoh hidangan yang diberikan 3 kali dengan selang waktu 1 minggu. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi usia ibu, pendidikan, status bekerja, memberikan ASI, mulai MP-ASI, mendapat penyuluhan gizi, pre-post pengetahuan, pre-post feeding practice. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Wilcoxon dan uji Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan rerata yang bermakna pada skor pengetahuan sebelum dan setelah intervensi pada kedua kelompok (p=0,006; p=0,003), terdapat perbedaan rerata yang bermakna pada skor feeding practice sebelum dan setelah intervensi pada kedua kelompok (p=0,002; p=0,05).Kata kunci: stunting, pengetahuan gizi, feeding practiceAbstract Feeding practices was one of the factors that contribute to the incidence of stunting and nutritional education needed to improve feeding practices. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of nutritional educational interventions to improve the knowledge and mother’s practice of feeding who has stunting toddlers. The design of this study used quasi-experimental design with pre-post test of two group design. This research was done in the six Public Health Centres of Cibeureum Cimahi which has high prevalence of stunting with the total number of samples in this study were 40 people and the member of each group was 20 people who have a criteria of mothers having stunting toddler aged 6-24 months as the research proceeds, toddler not disabled, mothers being able to communicate, willing to be a sample.  The Intervention of nutritional education using a PMBA booklet, poster about proper wash hands, and food sample given three times at intervals of one week. Data collected were maternal age, education, work status, breastfeeding, complementary feeding, nutritional counseling administration, pre-post knowledge, pre-post feeding practice. The statistical analysis used was Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney test. The result showed there were differences between the mean which was significant in knowledge score before and after the intervention in both groups (p=0,006; p=0,003), there is a mean difference that was significant in scores of feeding practices before and after the intervention in both groups (p=0,002; p=0,05).Keywords: stunting, knowledge of nutrition, feeding practices
Hubungan Status Gizi dan Pola Makan terhadap Penambahan Berat Badan Ibu Hamil (Correlation between Nutritional Status and Dietary Pattern on Pregnant Mother’s Weight Gain) Harti, Leny Budhi; Kusumastuty, Inggita; Hariadi, Irwan
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Suplemen "Malang Current Issues On Nutrition (MCION)"
Publisher : Jurusan Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (282.387 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2016.003.Suplemen.6

Abstract

AbstrakStatus gizi dan pola makan merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi penambahan berat badan ibu hamil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan hubungan antara status gizi dan pola makan terhadap penambahan berat badan ibu hamil. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan pada 71 orang responden di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Penujak Kecamatan Praya Barat Nusa Tenggara Barat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner, SQ-FFQ, dan data dari buku KIA. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik responden, berat badan awal, berat badan saat hamil trimester 3 serta pola makan (pola makan makanan pokok dan lauk hewani). Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson pada program SPSS windows version 15. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden berstatus gizi normal dengan rata-rata IMT 21,68 kg/m2 (±1,887 SD), rata-rata penambahan berat badan selama kehamilan 7,06+ 3,956 SD, dan sebagian besar pola konsumsi makanan pokok adalah 6 porsi dan lauk hewani <4 porsi dan >4 porsi. Berdasarkan uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara status gizi terhadap penambahan berat badan (p= 0,008, r = -0,311), ada hubungan antara pola makan makanan pokok terhadap penambahan berat badan (p= 0,003, r = 0,344), dan ada hubungan antara pola makan lauk sumber hewani terhadap penambahan berat badan (p= 0,024, r = 0,268). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi dan pola makan (pola makan makanan pokok dan lauk hewani) terhadap penambahan berat badan ibu hamil.Kata kunci: status gizi, pola makan, penambahan berat badan ibu hamil AbstractNutritional status and diet are factors that influence weight gain for pregnant women. This study aims to prove the relationship between nutritional status and diet on weight gain for pregnant women. This study uses an analytic observational study with cross sectional approach conducted on 71 respondents in Public Health Centre of Penujak Praya District of West Nusa Tenggara Barat. Data was collected through interviews with questionnaires, SQ-FFQ, and data from KIA book. Data collected included the characteristics of the respondent, the initial weight loss, weight gain during pregnancy in the third trimester and diet (diet of staple food and animal protein dish). Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson correlation test in SPSS windows version 15. The results showed that most respondents have normal nutritional status with an average BMI of 21,68 kg / m2 (± 1,887 SD), the average weight gain during pregnancy 7,06+ 3,956 SD, and the majority of staple food consumption patterns is 6 servings and animal protein  side dish <4 servings and> 4 servings. Based on the statistical test it showed that there is a correlation between the nutritional status of the weight gain (p = 0,008, r = -0,311) and there is a relationship between diet of staple food to weight gain (p = 0,003, r = 0,344), and there is a correlation  between diet of dishes of  animal protein and weight gain (p = 0,024, r = 0,268). The conclusion of this study indicates that there is a significant relationship between nutritional status and diet (diet of staple food and animal protein  side dish) and weight gain for pregnant women.Keywords: nutrition, diet, weight gain of pregnant women
Pandangan Sosial Budaya terhadap ASI Eksklusif di Wilayah Panarung Palangkaraya (Social and Cultural Aspect toward Exclusive Breastfeeding in Panarung Palangkaraya) Hervilia, Dwirina; Munifa, Dhini
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Suplemen "Malang Current Issues On Nutrition (MCION)"
Publisher : Jurusan Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (296.009 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2016.003.Suplemen.7

Abstract

AbstrakFaktor sosial budaya merupakan suatu faktor pendorong yang cukup kuat terhadap seseorang untuk berperilaku. Faktor sosial budaya ini yang membentuk seorang ibu mau untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif. Seorang ibu yang lingkungan sosialnya mendukung ASI eksklusif juga akan mempengaruhi sikap ibu untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif. Menurut laporan bulanan di Puskesmas Panarung pada bulan September 2015 angka cakupan ASI eksklusifnya adalah 5,81%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Diketahuinya sikap dan faktor sosial budaya ibu terhadap ASI eksklusif. Metode yang dipergunakan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan cara mengeksplorasi sumber-sumber informasi melalui wawancara mendalam kepada ibu dan tenaga kesehatan di Puskesmas sebagai informan. Dilakukan juga observasi partisipatif  kepada ibu dan bayi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan Semua informan berpendapat bahwa makanan yang paling bagus diberikan untuk bayi adalah Air Susu Ibu (ASI). Tetapi pada pelaksanaannya para ibu merasa masih banyak menghadapi kesulitan. Tenaga kesehatan bersikap positif dan menganggap bahwa kemauan ibu untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif merupakan kunci untuk keberhasilan. Informan percaya akan adanya makanan pelancar ASI kebanyakan menjawab bahwa sayuran hijau yang dapat memperlancar produksi ASI. Seperti daun katuk, pucuk pepaya, dan kacang-kacangan. Makanan prelakteal yang diberikan berupa madu hutan, air kopi, santan kental, air gula merah dan susu formula. Makanan prelakteal dipercaya secara budaya turun temurun contohnya untuk memberikan madu hutan karena manis, air kopi supaya tidak step, santan kental untuk membersihkan perut. Pemberian makanan bayi yang dilakukan informan paling banyak dipengaruhi oleh orang tua. Ada juga peran bidan, tetangga, posyandu dan ada juga yang mencari informasi sendiri. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah menurut informan sosial budaya sangat mempengaruhi, ibu bayi sangat terpaku dan patuh dengan adat kebiasaan. Karena banyak informasi-informasi yang berdasar pada sosial budaya tidak relevan dengan informasi kesehatan.Kata kunci : ASI eksklusif, sosial budaya, makanan prelakteal. AbstractSocio-cultural factors is an adequately strong driving factor towards someone to behave. This socio-cultural factors shape a mother’s willingness to give breast feeding exclusively. A mother who supports her neighborhood to do exclusive breast feeding will also affect the attitude of the mother to give breast feeding exclusively. According to the monthly reports on the number of Puskesmas Panarung coverage exclusive breast feeding figures was 5,81%. The purpose of this research is to know the attitudes and socio-cultural factors of the mother toward  exclusive breast feeding The method used was a qualitative approach by exploring the sources of information through in-depth interviews to mothers and health workers in Puskesmas as informants as many as 28 people. Participatory observation was also performed to mothers and babies. The research results obtained by all informants argued that most good food given to infants is breast feeding. But in practice the mother feels that there are still many difficulties. Health workers had positif minds and assumed that the mother's willingness to provide exclusive breast feeding is a key to success. The informant believed the presence of food that can increase the production of breastmilk such as green vegetables including katuk leaves, cassava leaves, and beans. Prelacteal food was  given in the form of forest honey, coffee, thick coconut milk, brown sugar liquid, and infant formula. Prelacteal food was culturally trusted among generations for example, by giving the forest honey because of its sweetness, coffee drink due to its property to prevent from seizures, thick coconut milk to cleanse the stomach. Baby feeding administration conducted by informants were heavily influenced by parents. There is also midwife, neighbors, Posyandu’s role as well as the effort of individual information . It was then concluded from this study that social and cultural aspects are heavily influential in which mothers are very obedient with local customs. In addition, much information based on soial and cultural aspect is not relevant with healt information.Keywords : breast feeding exclusively, social culture, prelacteal food

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