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AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 01260537     EISSN : 24778516     DOI : https://doi.org/10.17503
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Brawijaya Indonesia in collaboration with Indonesian Agronomy Association (PERAGI). The aims of the journal are to publish and disseminate high quality, original research papers and article review in plant science i.e. agronomy, horticulture, plant breeding, soil sciences, plant protection and other pertinent field related to plant production. AGRIVITA is published three times per year. The Journal has been indexed in SCOPUS, Scimago Journal Ranks (SJR), Emerging Source Citation Index ( ESCI-Web of Science), EBSCO, ProQuest, Google Scholar and others international indexing. AGRIVITA is accredited first grade (Sinta 1/S1) for five years (2018-2023) based on Decree No: 30/E/KPT/2018 by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (Ristek Dikti), The Republic of Indonesia. We accept submission from all over the world. All submitted articles shall never been published elsewhere, original and not under consideration for other publication.
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Articles 947 Documents
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Soybean Adaptation Mechanisms to Drought Through Stomatal Regulation, Carbon Assimilation, and Water Use Efficiency in Sustainable Farming Systems Aminah, Aminah; Saida, Saida; Edy, Edy; Palad, Marliana S.; Nuraeni, Nuraeni; Haris, Abdul; Robbo, Anwar; Boceng, Annas; Fadel, Muh.; Akbar, Abd.
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 48, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i0.5002

Abstract

Unlike other crops, soybeans can be produced for both direct human consumption and industrial use. However, soybean production is highly sensitive to drought. This is because drought conditions can reduce photosynthesis and crop yield. This study aimed to investigate drought adaptations in soybean plants, including stomatal control, drought-induced carbon assimilation, and avoidance. The study was conducted in a greenhouse under controlled conditions using a split-plot design with 3 stress levels (100%, 50%, and 30% of field capacity), 4 varieties (Dering-1, Dering-2, Detap-1, and Argomulyo), and 2 stress periods (vegetative and generative). Strong variation in yield was observed across all drought-affected plant growth factors, including photosynthetic rate and grain yield. Under moderate stress conditions (achieving a 0.8 t/ha yield), the Detap-1 variety fully maintained photosynthetic capacity and appropriately modulated stomatal closure and stomatal regulation to achieve the most efficient water control. This leads to the conclusion that Detap-1 is best suited to the dryland conditions of the varieties studied due to its strong physiological adaptability.
In Vitro Somatic Embryogenesis and Regeneration of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens) from West Sumatra Renfiyeni, Renfiyeni; Yora, Muharama; Meyuliana, Aulia
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 48, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v48i1.4928

Abstract

The development of superior cultivars and the availability of high-quality seedlings require stable in vitro propagation. This study evaluated the effectiveness of different culture media for the in vitro propagation of local West Sumatra cayenne peppers using a Completely Randomized Design with eight treatments and six replications. Further testing used the Duncan Multiple Range Test. This research was conducted in the tissue culture laboratory of Mahaputra Muhammad Yamin University, Solok, West Sumatra. Callus initiation and shoot regeneration were conducted on MS medium with various auxin–cytokinin combinations, while root induction was tested on MS and WPM supplemented with auxins. Explants consisted of the first leaf and epicotyl from 21-day-old chili seedlings. The highest callus induction (100%) was observed on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l IAA and MS medium supplemented with 4 mg/l 2,4-D for both types of explants. The highest embryogenic callus formation (98.45%) was obtained on MS + 3 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l IAA. Optimal shoot regeneration (5.29 shoots) was achieved on MS + 2 mg/l BAP + 1 mg/l NAA, whereas the best root induction occurred on WPM + 1 mg/l NAA.
Analyzing the Impact of Land Resource Dimension on Konjac (Amorphophallus onchophyllus) Yield and Land Suitability Criteria Using PLS-SEM and Boundary Line Methods In Gorontalo, Indonesia Nurdin, Nurdin; Pembengo, Wawan; Adam, Echan; Moonti, Agustinus; Rahman, Rival; Suparwata, Dewa Oka; Angelia, Ika Okhtora; Azis, Muhammad Arief; Arsyad, Silviana; Dude, Suyono; Zakaria, Fauzan; Bagu, Fitria S.; Apriliani, Silvana; Mokoginta, Meity M.; Pade, Satriawati; Rajib, Md. Mijanur Rahman; Hakiman, Mansor
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 48, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i0.4861

Abstract

The current land suitability criteria for konjac are incomplete and fail to consider land dimensions and quality, which influence optimal yield. This research aims to develop criteria for konjac land suitability based on the dimensions, quality, and characteristics of selected land. In Gorontalo Province, Indonesia, 131 land units were surveyed to obtain data on the quality and characteristics. Selection of land dimensions, quality, and characteristics using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS). Meanwhile, the optimum yield and distinguished land suitability criteria for konjac plants using the boundary line method. The results indicated that intrinsic and extrinsic dimensions determined the new land suitability criteria. In the intrinsic dimension, land quality was assessed based on root conditions, oxygen availability, nutrient availability, nutrient retention, and sodicity. For the extrinsic dimension, land quality only comprised temperature, water availability, land preparation, and erosion hazard. Land characteristics in the intrinsic dimension consisted of soil drainage, texture, bulk density, particle density, porosity, pH, organic C, CEC, base saturation, total N, available P, and exchangeable K. For the extrinsic dimension, land characteristics included slope, soil erosion, surface rocks, and rock outcrops. The highest optimum yield of konjac was 9.17 t/ha, and the lowest was 6.69 t/ha, respectively.
Sugar Palm Metabolism and Tolerance to Climate Change: A Little-Known Study of Physiology, Anatomy, and Biochemistry Wisnubroto, Muhammad Parikesit; Cahyo, Andi Nur; Phuoc, Le Huu; Amin, Muhammad; Ernawati, Ernawati
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 48, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v48i1.4957

Abstract

Climate change is related to changes of climate patterns that impact unpredictable weather phenomena. These phenomena can include extreme heat, extremely low temperatures, drought, or extremely high rainfall. With high adaptability, sugar palm (Arenga pinnata Merr.) can be one of the conservative plants that have a vital role in mitigating global climate change. Sugar palms have a high ability of carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration and store it in the form of biomass. The results of the review show that palm trees have an inherent tolerance mechanism, for example under dry conditions, sugar palm produces lignin to strengthen cell walls and increase antioxidant in the form of osmoprotectants. However, the lack of empirical data and detailed studies hinders a deeper understanding of the limits of this tolerance. This article highlights significant research gaps and recommends future studies to investigate in more detail gene-environment interactions, genetic adaptation potential, and the role of specific metabolites in sugar palm. Overall, sugar palm has a fairly high carbon absorption capacity of > 85 t/ha/year. Therefore, this article is expected to not only fill the knowledge gap but also serve as a foundation for conservation efforts and the sustainable use of sugar palm in facing global climate.
Culture Environment Affects PLB or Shoot Proliferation Rate of a Phalaenopsis Orchid New Type: Proposing a Shorter Breeding Scheme Sanjaya, Lia; Widiarsih, Sasanti; Dwimahyani, Ita; Budiarto, Kurniawan; Utami, Dwinita Wikan; Muljono, Djoko
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 48, No 2 (2026): IN PRESS
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i0.4828

Abstract

The global trade value of Phalaenopsis is still promising; therefore, the prospects for future orchid agribusiness remain widely open. As a part of Indonesian new-variety registration, seeds of the registered variety must meet a quality standard within two years. In addition, a reliable, large-scale supply of uniform seeds is vital to the industry. Research on clonal propagation of Phalaenopsis orchids has been studied for the last three years, but the proliferation rate of PLBs remains unsatisfactory. This might be related to the relatively low temperature of the micro environment. Placing the cultures in the 'acclimatization' room provided with a conducive micro-environment resulted in a significant increase in PLBs/shoots (30-50/explant). It is assumed that the proliferation rate of PLBs/shoots can be increased by setting the optimum exposure time. Two temperature regimes were implemented; the first was a 29-32°C light condition (14 hours) followed by a 22–25°C 10-hour dark period, and the second was the opposite: cooler temperatures during the 14-hour light period (22-24°C) and warmer temperatures during the 10-hour dark period (25-28°C). In this paper, we present the results of an extensive three-year study on the multiplication of the Phalaenopsis orchid, leading to a much shorter orchid crossbreeding scheme.
Phenological Stage Application of Gibberellin to Enhance Fruit Quality of Melon (Cucumis melo ‘Fujisawa’) under NFT Hydroponic System Hidayat, Ramdan; Fasya, Elfira Rizki Oktaviana; Nugrahani, Pangesti; Zakiyah, Nur Meili
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 48, No 2 (2026): IN PRESS
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i0.5140

Abstract

National melon production remains suboptimal due to the crop’s sensitivity to the environment and lack of management practices. This study analyzed the interaction between GA₃ concentration (0, 50, 100, 150 ppm) and application timing (pre-anthesis, anthesis, post-anthesis) on growth, yield, and fruit quality of Fujisawa melon in an NFT hydroponic system. Significant concentration × timing interactions (p<0.05) optimized fruit traits at 100 ppm + anthesis: weight increased by 0.49 kg (24.1%) to 2.03 kg, flesh thickness by 1.33 cm (25.7%) to 5.17 cm, diameter by 1.79 cm (10.9%) to 16.38 cm, and volume by 413 cm³ (21.2%) to 1,950 cm³ vs. control. Regardless of timing, 100 ppm GA₃ accelerated flowering (2.71 days) and harvest (3.87 days) vs. control and increased total soluble solids by 2.33 to 16.33ºBrix. Pre-anthesis application enhanced plant length by 8.57–9.41 cm and hastened flowering by 0.87–0.99 days compared to other timings. Leaf number and fruit cavity were unaffected by either treatment (p>0.05). The regression for fruit traits at anthesis (R²=0.74–0.85) confirmed optimum concentrations of 67.50–138.50 ppm; ≥150 ppm diminished benefits. These findings provide recommendations: 100 ppm GA₃ at anthesis maximizes yield components, 75 ppm at flexible times increases sweetness levels.
Effect of Defoamer of Botanical Insecticide Nanoemulsion Paramentandiol to Control Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Fadhlurrahman, Rayhan; Lina, Eka Candra; Nelly, Novri
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 48, No 2 (2026): IN PRESS
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i0.4779

Abstract

Formulating a stable para-menthane-3,8-diol (PMD) nanoemulsion requires a balanced ratio of active ingredients and surfactants. Increasing the active ingredient may improve efficacy but can reduce stability, while excessive surfactant levels may cause unwanted foaming during application. This study evaluates the use of a defoamer to improve nanoparticle stability and enhance the biological activity of the formulations against Spodoptera frugiperda. The research was conducted in two stages: (1) characterization of particle stability using the DLS method and (2) evaluation of insecticidal activity through the leaf-dip bioassay. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by the LSD test; LC50 and LC95 values were determined via Probit analysis using POLO PLUS. The addition of a defoamer significantly improved the physicochemical properties and performance of the PMD nanoemulsion. The formulation achieved a refined particle size of 202.2 nm and a PDI of 0.20, both within acceptable nanoparticle standards. At a concentration of 0.25%, the defoamer-enhanced formulation demonstrated superior biological efficacy, including a 0.07% increase in LC95 efficiency and 3.14% growth inhibition. The treatment reduced pupal formation and adult emergence by 8% and altered the sex ratio. The addition of a defoamer improves the physical properties of the nanoemulsion and its biological efficacy against Spodoptera frugiperda.
Growing Media Affects Broccoli Morpho-Physiological Traits and Mineral Composition in Response to Salt Stress Roosta, Hamid Reza; Salari, Hadi; Abolghasemi, Reza
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 48, No 2 (2026): IN PRESS
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i0.4982

Abstract

Among abiotic stresses in vegetable production, salt stress is very important. This study was conducted to introduce suitable growing media to reduce salinity effects in hydroponics. So, the pot culture of broccoli was investigated in a factorial experiment. Here, the effects of six different growing media (100% cocopeat, 25% cocopeat + 75% perlite, 75% cocopeat + 25% perlite, 100% perlite, 50% peat + 50% pumice, and 100% sand) and three salinity levels (0, 100, 150 mM NaCl) on broccoli cv. Sakura were examined. Based on the results, salinity caused a decrease in plant performance. However, different salinity levels had varying effects. When the chlorophyll content and Ca, K, and Fe concentrations in plant leaves decreased as a result of high salt levels, the broccoli yield decreased. The different growing media exhibited highly distinct performances. Due to the substantial interactions between the growing media and salt, it is possible to regulate the media factors to lessen the effects of salinity on plants. Perlite did not support the growth of broccoli, but it did hasten the plants' early flowering times. It was discovered that among the growing media, the optimal medium in both saline and non-saline treatments was 50% peat + 50% pumice. Accordingly, this growing medium is recommended for broccoli production.
Reducing Rice Straw Burning Through Governance and Innovation: Toward Sustainable and Productive Rice Farming in Rural Malang, Indonesia Oraby, Ghada Abd Elsattar Mohammed; Putra, Fadillah; Natsir, M. Halim; Siswanto, Dian
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 48, No 2 (2026): IN PRESS
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i0.5009

Abstract

Rice straw burning in the open field remains a dominant activity in Singosari District, Malang Regency, Indonesia. This has several negative impacts on environmental quality and organism health, yet the implementation continues due to its perceived cost-effectiveness. The results and relevance of this article are based on findings from research conducted using a mixed-method design, including surveys, in-depth interviews, and ethnographic fieldwork. The result also shows that most smallholders (58.1%) still burned rice straw, but most of them (96.8%) would adopt green technology if they received sufficient support and facilitation. The research also indicates that farmers employing alternative methods to burning receive a 10-14% boost in yields, a good sign of what sustainability can do for food production. The major barriers to the adoption of green technology were: ignorance and lack of training (67.7%), cost of equipment (16.1%), non-availability of appropriate technology (9.7%), time constraints (6.5%), and lack of policy implementation. This study suggests that rice straw could be used as animal feed, compost, and biomass energy to mitigate pollution and meet productivity demands.
Screening of Streptomyces spp. Isolated from a Cameroonian Ecosystem for Biological Control of Cassava Bacterial Blight Disease Nardis, Nkoudou Ze; Loïc, Ze Abada; Olivier, Bébiné Biédi Didier; Ngang, Jean Justin Essia
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 48, No 2 (2026): IN PRESS
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i0.4965

Abstract

The global increase in cassava bacterial blight disease (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) has been leading to the investigation of new strategies to tackle this problem. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial potential of 30 soil Streptomyces strains by initial screening against Xam, isolated from infected cassava leaves. The isolates demonstrating the strongest inhibitory effects were selected to extract their methanolic secondary metabolites following practical antibacterial biocontrol assessment.  This was done by treating infected cassava plants with the methanolic extracts and monitoring for 14 days. The results showed that, among the 30 soil streptomyces strains, two isolates, encoded BEL_12 and KER_2, exhibited strong inhibitory effects. Their methanolic extracts showed inhibitory activity against Xam, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 32 µg/ml for BEL_12 and 2 µg/ml for KER_2. The CBB incidence on cassava leaves KER_2 and BEL_12 methanolic extracts was 24% and 88%, respectively. This study demonstrated the remarkable potential of Cameroonian soil Streptomyces spp. to produce bioactive compounds that suppress CBB and lay the basis for developing sustainable, eco-friendly biocontrol agents to reduce reliance on chemical pesticides in affected regions.

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