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Jurnal Solum

solum
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Published by Universitas Andalas

ISSN : 18297994 EISSN : 02560835 DOI : https://doi.org/10.2057/jsolum

Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

Focuses and scopes of Jurnal Solum is to publishes all aspects in the original research of soil science or review covering: Soil physic and soil conservation, Soil mineralogy, Soil chemistry and soil fertility, Soil biology and soil biochemical, Soil genesis and classification, Land survey and land evaluation, Land development and management environmental.

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Tanah

Articles 173 Documents

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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN DOLOMIT TERHADAP BEBERAPA SIFAT KIMIA TANAH GAMBUT DAN PERTUMBUHAN SERTA HASIL TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L) Farah Ilham; Teguh Budi Prasetyo; Sandra Prima
Jurnal Solum Vol 16, No 1 (2019): JURNAL SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

This research was aimed to study the effect of dolomite on chemical properties of peat soil and as well as on growth and yield of onion. The research was in form of pot experiment having 5 treatments (0 ton dolomite Ha-1 ; 2.5 ton dolomite Ha-1 ; 5 ton dolomite Ha-1 ; 7.5 ton dolomite Ha-1 ; 10 ton dolomite Ha-1) and 3 replications which were allocated in Completely Randomized Design. Parameters analyzed were pH H2O, available sulphur, available phosphorus, CEC, and exchangeable cations, as well plant height, plant dry weight, sulphur uptake, and diameter of tubers. Data resulted were analyzed the variance using F-test at 5% level of significance and then it was continued using Duncan New’s Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at 5% level if F-test > F-table. The results showed that 10 ton dolomite Ha-1was the optimum dose to improve chemical characteristics of peat soils. It increased pH H2O by 1.16 unit, sulphur uptake by 0.005 %, available phosphorus by 5.7 ppm, CEC by 9.67 Cmol Kg-1 and exchangeable K by 0.09 Cmol Kg-1, Mg by 0.19 Cmol Kg-1, Ca by 0.31 Cmol Kg-1 compared to soil without treatment ( 0 ton Ha-1 ). It also increased production of onion, especially plant height by 22.63 cm, plant fresh weight by 43.14 g and dry weight by 2.89 g, tuber fresh weight by 21.92 g, and dry weight by 2.89 g, sulphur uptake by 0.03 %, and diameter of tubers from none to be 2.00 cm compared to soil without treatment.Key words : dolomite, peat soils, onion, soil chemical characteristics

HUBUNGAN STOK KARBON TANAH DAN SUHU PERMUKAAN PADA BEBERAPA PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI NAGARI PADANG LAWEH KABUPATEN SIJUNJUNG Gunadi Gunadi; Juniarti Juniarti; Gusnidar Gusnidar
Jurnal Solum Vol 17, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

The content of soil C-organic is strongly influenced by land management. Plants tend to increase soil organic C-stock, however an increase in soil temperature can increase the rate of decomposition of soil organic matter which will reduce soil organic C-stock. The aim of the study is to look at the relationship of soil organic carbon stock (SOCS) with changes in soil surface temperature. The study was conducted using a survey method consisting of 5 stages, namely preparation, pre-survey, main survey, soil analysis in the laboratory and data processing. Soil sampling is done by purposive random sampling under several land units (LU). LU is limited by the order of the soil, slope, and land use. Based on the land unit map, we found 14 land units in the study area. Soil samples were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm. Surface temperature measurements are carried out directly in the field using a room temperature thermometer. The parameters analyzed are organic-C, organic particulate-C, and bulk density (BD). The research data were processed statistically using simple linear regression equations. The results showed that the measurement of rice field surface temperature had the highest temperature of 34 0C, and rubber plantations had the lowest temperature of 28 0C. Organic-C affects soil BD, the higher the value of organic-C, the lower the BD value. The highest carbon stock was found in soil unit 10 with rubber plantations with a slope of 8-15%, 41 kg m-2 and decreased with increasing slope. The difference in the value of SOCS in rice fields is influenced by land management, because there is no return of crops residue in the form of straw to the ground. The results of the regression analysis showed that surface temperature did not have a significant effect on the SOCS value.Keywords : carbon stock, land use, Padang Laweh

KARAKTERISTIK SIFAT FISIKA TANAH ULTISOL AKIBAT PEMBERIAN BIOCHAR BERBAHAN BAKU SISA TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT Abdul Rauf; Supriadi Supriadi; Fitra Sawal Harahap; Makruf Wicaksono
Jurnal Solum Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

The physical characteristics of ultisols due to the provision of biochar made from palm oil plant residue aims to determine the effect of giving various biochar made from oil palm plant residues on the physical properties of Ultisols. The research design used completely randomized design, consisting of 5 treatments, namely K = without giving biochar, BB = oil palm stem biochar, BP = oil palm frond biochar, BT = oil palm empty bunches biochar and BK = combination of biochar ingredients. Each treatment was repeated 4 times, so that the number of experimental units became 20 units. The parameters observed included soil density, soil porosity, soil texture, soil permeability and available water. The results showed that giving biochar significantly decreased the bulk weight and significantly increased the soil porosity of Ultisols.Key words : biochar, oil palm wastes, physical properties of soil and ultisol

PENGARUH APLIKASI BIOCOCOTIN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SAWI PADA TANAH PASIR PESISIR PANTAI Anandyawati Anandyawati; Merlian Zikri; Eko Sumartono; Ridha Rizki Novanda; Amir Husaini Karim Amrullah; Ari Anggoro
Jurnal Solum Vol 17, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

The great potential in coastal sandy lands is followed by various problems and limiting factors that cause the acceleration of land use for agricultural purpose run very slowly. To overcome these limiting factors, appropriate modification and implementation of innovation is needed, namely the providing of soil conditioning materials, such as organic matter. One source of organic material that is still very rarely used, affordable, easy and cheap and simple in its application is the waste of coconut powder and human waste which we call biococotin. Providing of biococotin in coastal sandy lands decreases basic pH near neutral, increasing levels of N, P, K, C-Organic and cation exchange capacity has decreased from 7.20 to 6.40%. N levels increased from 0.021% to 0.17%, P-available increased from 2.52 ppm to 20.13 ppm, K levels increased from 2.52 cmol (+) to 9.35 cmol (+) and CEC increased from 4, 04 cmol (+) / kg becomes 7.07 cmol (+) / kg. The best growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves, longest leaf length and longest leaf width) are shown by treatment 2 which is half the dose of NPK and biococotin. The best average planting weight and yield per ha is shown by treatment 2, which is half the dose of NPK and biococotin, which is 44.03 grams / plant and 26.41 tons / ha bicocotin. Keywords : Biococotin, Coastal area, Cocopeat

PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max L.) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN VERMIKOMPOS DAN BIOCHAR DI TANAH ULTISOL Elisa Ester Sirait; Nelvia Nelvia; Hafiz Fauzana
Jurnal Solum Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

The use of organic matter in agricultural production is important in increasing crop production, especially in Ultisols. This study aimed to study the interaction between vermicompost and biochar on the growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) in Ultisols. The research was carried out in the experimental station of the Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University, Bina Widya Tampan campus, Pekanbaru from July - September 2018. The research used factorial design form in a completely randomized design. The first factor is vermicompost which consists of 4 levels (doses of 0, 25, 50 and 75 g of polybag-1) while the second factor is biochar consisting of 4 levels (doses of 0, 25, 50 and 75 g of polybag-1) for each combination repeated 4 times. The parameters observed were the number of effective roots, proportion of effective nodules, plant height, number of primary branches, age of plants, age of harvest, proportion of well-fused pods, number of seeds, seed weight and weight of 100 seeds. The results showed that the interaction of vermicompost at a dose of 25 g.polybag-1 following a dose of 50 g.polybag-1 biochar increased the number of effective root nodules, the proportion of effective root nodules, the number of primary branches, the proportion of pithy pods, and accelerated plant age and soybean plant age compared without treatment but not significantly compared to other combinations.Key words : Soybean, vermicompost, biochar

LAND CREATIONS AND FARMING SYSTEM TO INCREASE OF RICE PRODUCTIVITY AND FARMER’S INCOME (CASE STUDY IN BATANG TAMPO IRRIGATION SYSTEM - LINTAU BUO) Ayendra Asmuti; Agita Tjandra
Jurnal Solum Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

It is estimated that around 95 percent of national rice production is supplied from paddy fields, so the paddy fields is very strategic in national food securities. Therefore, the potential carrying capacity and productivity of rice fields must be maintained and developed. But on the contrary the productivity of paddy fields in Sub Das Tampo, Lintau Buo Utara, Tanah Datar District, West Sumatra, there is an indication of a decrease in paddy productivity in the last 10 years (Agita and Ayendra 2018). Decreased paddy productivity is indicated as a result of 1.) Drainage or nutrient deficit due to harvest carried out more than what is given through fertilization or addition of nutrients from irrigation water, 2). Excess or lack of certain nutrients due to unbalanced fertilization, 3). Decreased of soil organic content in the land and 4). Decrease in the quality of rice field management, especially: a). the use of inorganic fertilizers which causes low organic matter content and soil texture becomes porous quench, so it is less able to hold water, b). use of rotary plow in tillage for a long time which causes the processing layer and the depth of the root zone to become shallower ( into 10-15 cm), c). less intense of crop maintenance. This research was carried out by creating of soil tillage from 10-15 cm to 20-25 cm using a plow and increasing of organic matter by adding manure of 50 tons / ha (5% soil tillage zone ) to the rice fields in the Farmers Group of Tanjung Mutiara in Tampo Irrigation System, Nagari Lubuk Jantan , Kecamatan Lintau Buo Utara. The results of the study showed an increase in land productivity from an average of 3.2 tons / ha to 4.6 tons / ha and increase farmers' income by Rp 1.200.000 / ha.Key words : land creation, soil tillage, productivity

APLIKASI ULANG AZOSPIRILLUM TERSELEKSI PADA TANAMAN CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annum, L) YANG DITANAM PADA ULTISOL Imra Atil Mardya; Gusmini Gusmini; Agustian Agustian
Jurnal Solum Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

The endophytic bacteria are bacteria whose life cycle is partially or completely associated in the host plant tissue in various kinds of relationships (symbiosis) that it undergoes. The potential of endophytic bacteria as microbial resources is widely used as a biological control for plants, including as the producer of phytohormones and the agent of biocontrol and biofertilizer. This study aims to test selected endophyte bacterial isolates from chili as a biofertilizer to meet the nutrient requirements that are useful during the vegetative growth period of red chili in Ultisols. The study used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely A = fertilizer N recommendation; B = Azospirillum sp AK+ Fertilizer N recommendation; C = Azospirillum sp BT+ Fertilizer N recommendation; D = Azospirillum sp DN+ fertilizer N recommendation. Azospirillum sp AK and Azospirillum sp DN isolates gave better vegetative growth than those of Azospirillum sp BT isolates with average dry weight, respectively, 19.49 g and 18.93 g and with a height of 29.67 cm and 29.60cm. The superiority of the 2 isolates was also shown in the observation of the number of leaves 30.39 and 22.50 and the number of branches 6.45 and 6.28 respectively for Azospirillum sp AK and Azospirillum sp DN isolates.Key words : Endophytic bacteria, red chili, Ultisols

PENGARUH JENIS DAN CARA APLIKASI BAHAN ORGANIK TERHADAP HASIL PADI (ORYZA SATIVA L.) DI MEDIA TANAM GAMBUT Hapsoh Hapsoh; Isna Rahma Dini; Wawan Wawan; David Panusunan Natanael
Jurnal Solum Vol 18, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

This study aims to determine the types and ways of application of organic matter and the combination of both of the rice yields in peat growing media. This research has been carried out in the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agric ulture, Riau University, Campus Bina Widya Km 12.5, Simpang Baru Panam Sub-District, Tampan District, Pekanbaru, Riau. This research was carried out for 4 months, starting from May to August 2018. The research was conducted experimentally arranged according to a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern consisting of 2 factors. Factor I: organic matter of plant waste (O), namely: O1 (125 g rice straw), O2 (125 g soybean litter), O3 (oil palm empty fruit bunches 125 g) and Fact II: how to apply organic material (C), namely: C1 (mixed) and C2 (spread). The results obtained were analyzed using variance analysis and continued with the double range duncan's new multiple range test (DNMRT) at 5% level. However, the type of organic rice paddy yields results in the weight of the milled dry grain which is 106.94 g-138.23 g, the weight of 1,000 grains that is 26.40 g-26.95 g and soybean litter on the percentage of rice grain grain 86.24 g-88.00 g. Giving application method in the distribution gives results on the weight of dry milled unhulled rice that is 125.21 g-126.02 g, the weight of 1,000 grains that is 26.65 g-26.79 g and the percentage of unhulled grain that is 86.76 g-87 , 74 g and the combination of the type of organic rice paddy and the application method in the distribution gives the results of the weight of the milled dry rice which is 102.94 g - 140.87 g, the weight of 1,000 items, which is between 26.29 g - 27.27 g and soybean litter organic material types and application method are mixed namely 84.94 g - 88.50 g.Key words : application method, rice plant, rice straw, soybean litter, TKKS.

HUBUNGAN PERBEDAAN TINGGI MUKA AIR TERHADAP KADAR Cu DAN Zn DAUN SERTA PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) DI LAHAN GAMBUT Eko Jaya Siallagan; Wawan Wawan; Nelvia Nelvia
Jurnal Solum Vol 18, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Peatland is an important natural resource for human life because it can be used as growth of oil palm plantation. The growth of oil palm plantations in peatlands is strongly influenced by peat water management. This study aims to study the relationship of different water levels to the content of leaf Cu and Zn nutrients and the growth of oil palm plants (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in the peatlands. This research has been carried out on peatland areas in oil palm plantations of PT. Jatimjaya Perkasa Sei Bangko, Kubu District, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province. Analysis of soil samples and plants samples has been carried out at the Soil Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru. The research was conducted in December 2017 to January 2018. This research was conducted using a survey method, the determination of the location of the study using a purposive sampling method, determination of sampling location is determined by stratified sampling method, where the strata in this study are grouped according to different peat water levels namely water level < 40 cm , 40 - 60 cm, and > 60 cm with oil palm plants at the same age which is six years and the piezometer has been installed properly. The parameters that observed in this study were soil pH, availability of Cu and Zn nutrient, total soil-K, content of Cu, Zn and K leaves and growth of oil palm plants which included plant height, midrib length and leaflet. The observed data were analyzed for variance and tested further by DNMRT at the level of 5%, analyzed by regression to see the relationship between water level and parameters. The results showed that peatland with water level of 40 - 60 cm had a soil pH, K-total soil, Cu leaves, Zn leaves, midrib length and the highest oil palm plantations compared to peat land with a groundwater level < 40 cm and > 60 cm, and has a different length of leaflets.Key words : Cu and Zn nutrient, Oil palm plantation, Peatlands, Water Level.

ISOLASI DAN UJI POTENSI BAKTERI NITRIFIKASI ASAL TANAH KEBUN KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN APLIKASI TANDAN KOSONG DAN LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT Huryatul Islam; Nelvia Nelvia; Delita Zul
Jurnal Solum Vol 18, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

This study aimed was to isolate nitrifiying bacteria from oil palm plantations fertilized with empty fruit bunch (EFB) and palm oil mill effluent (POME) and to analyze their potency. The soil samples were sampled from private oil palm plantations by purposive sampling method are mixed application (EFB + POME), EFB application, POME application and without application (C), and each location was taken 3 times. Isolation of nitrifiying bacteria was perfomed by using Nitrosomonas sp. and Nitrobacter sp. spesific media. The parameters observed were bacterial cells number, number of isolates and their potency. The results showed cells number of nitrifiying bacteria range 8.0 – 11.40 x 105cfu g-1 soil. A total of 18 isolates were isolated and potentially oxidized ammonium and nitrate. The best potential of bacteria in oxidizing ammonium at a concentration of 500 ppm (NH4)2SO4 was isolate NSC34 (3.4 ppm), and isolate with the best potential to produce nitrate at a concentration of 500 ppm (NH4)2SO4 were isolate of NBC225 (26.1 ppm). The most optimal activity of isolate bacteria to nitrifiying occurred at a concentration of 500 ppm (NH4)2SO4 and at 4 days incubation time.Key words : Nitrifiying bacteria, palm oil empty fruit bunch, palm oil mill effluent

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