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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 08538654     EISSN : 20892241     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology
The Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology (IJBiotech) is an open access, peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary journal dedicated to the publication of novel research in all aspects of biotechnology, with particular attention paid to the exploration and development of natural products derived from tropical—and especially Indonesian—biodiversity. IJBiotech is published biannually and accepts original research articles featuring well-designed studies with clearly analyzed and logically interpreted results. A strong preference is given to research that has the potential to make significant contributions to both the field of biotechnology and society in general.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 537 Documents
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Enhanced erythritol production by UV-mutated Yarrowia lipolytica and Moniliella pollinis using glucose and molasses as carbon sources Riahna Kembaren; Regina Natasya; Ihsan Tria Pramanda; Solmaz Aslanzadeh
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.90540

Abstract

Erythritol, a sugar alcohol, is commercially produced through fermentation. Yarrowia lipolytica and Moniliella pollinis serve as efficient erythritol producers due to their osmotic tolerance. Optimizing the cost-effectiveness of erythritol production involves harnessing strains capable of utilizing low-cost carbon sources. This study examines the impact of two different carbon sources (glucose and molasses) on the growth and erythritol production of native and UV-induced mutant strains of Y. lipolytica and M. pollinis. In the glucose-based medium (GYM), the M. pollinis SP5 mutant strain achieved the highest erythritol biosynthesis, with a yield mass of 0.275 g/g and a volumetric productivity of 0.052 g/L/h, while in the molasses-based medium (MYM), it attained a yield mass of 0.120 g/g and a volumetric productivity of 0.065 g/L/h. Random mutagenesis might improve erythritol biosynthesis by increasing enzyme activity and altering carbon flux. Molasses emerged as a potential carbon source for M. pollinis, which favors sucrose hydrolysis and glucose metabolism for erythritol production. To further enhance erythritol yield with M. pollinis, it is advisable to increase the concentration of molasses, adjust the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio in the MYM medium, and optimize the fermentation systems.
Molecular analyses of antimicrobial resistance characteristic of Klebsiella pneumoniae strain CJK 500 2.1.2 isolated from Cikijing River Irawati, Wahyu; Ong, Michael Kayne; Purnomo, Jonathan Suciono; Jo, Juandy
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.110454

Abstract

Many areas in Indonesia face severe pollution from copper and antibiotics, impacting microbial diversity and underscoring the need for effective remediation strategies. Harnessing of copper- and antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a promising approach. This study evaluates the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile of copper-accumulating Klebsiella pneumoniae strain CJK 500 2.1.2 as a bioremediation agent candidate. Whole-genome analysis of K. pneumoniae CJK 500 2.1.2 revealed multiple AMR genes, primarily encoding efflux pumps, with one fieF gene facilitating resistance to heavy metals. The disk-diffusion assay highlighted multidrug-resistance traits, regardless of CuSO4. Notably, increased cefoxitin resistance in the presence of CuSO4 and intermediate susceptibility to tetracycline were observed, which was corroborated by a broth microdilution assay. The genome analysis identified 22 virulence factors (VFs) and 16 insertion sequences (ISs), with some ISs located near AMR and VF genes, suggesting possible horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Overall, K. pneumoniae CJK 500 2.1.2 showed a potential as a model study for bioremediation research on genetically engineered microorganism (GEM). Through risk assessment, GEMs have the possibility to be applied to copper and antibiotics bioremediation.
Triclosan phytoremediation by Glycine max and the rhizobacterium Ochrobactrum sp. MC35 under controlled hydroponic conditions Sipahutar, Merry Krisdawati; Xuan, Nguyen Thi Kim; Duc, Ha Danh
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.112363

Abstract

Triclosan, a common antimicrobial compound, persists in wastewater and sludge because conventional treatment systems do not completely remove it, leading to ecological and health risks. This study investigates the mechanisms of triclosan phytoremediation by Glycine max and its rhizobacterium Ochrobactrum sp. MC35 under controlled hydroponic conditions. A laboratory hydroponic experiment was conducted in which soybean seedlings were exposed to 50–200 µg L–1 TCS, with and without bacterial inoculation. TCS concentrations and metabolites were quantified using LC–MS/MS, while enzymatic activities, including peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, laccase and esterase, were measured spectrophotometrically. Degradation kinetics were evaluated using first-order models, and principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to assess correlations among the variables. The combined plant–microbe system achieved 85.4 ± 3.2% triclosan removal within 10 days, nearly twice that of plant-only treatments. Chemical analysis confirmed transient formation of methylated and hydroxylated intermediates, followed by complete degradation through sequential demethylation, hydroxylation and oxidative cleavage pathways. Kinetic modeling exhibited first-order behavior (R2 > 0.96) with an apparent rate constant of 0.312 d–1 in the inoculated system, indicating enhanced microbial degradation. Enzymatic assays showed significant increases in peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, laccase and esterase activities, supporting cooperative detoxification between plant and microbe. PCA indicated a close association between enzymatic activity and degradation efficiency, suggesting coordinated rhizospheric interactions. Overall, Glycine max not only absorbed triclosan, but also enhanced its microbial breakdown, likely through exudate-mediated enzyme induction. The findings provide mechanistic insight into bioaugmented phytoremediation and highlight its potential as a sustainable, nature-based strategy for removing persistent antimicrobial pollutants from aquatic environments.
Pentagamavunone-1 and its derivative, Chemoprevention Curcumin Analog-1.1, modulate PD-L1 and CD80 expression in breast cancer stem cells Alif, Iffan; Putra, Agung; Jenie, Riris Istighfari; Ikawati, Muthi'
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.114332

Abstract

Breast cancer stem cells (bCSCs) exhibit high plasticity, therapeutic resistance and immune evasion, making them critical targets for effective cancer immunotherapy. Pentagamavunone-1 (PGV-1), a curcumin analog, and its derivative, Chemoprevention Curcumin Analog-1.1 (CCA-1.1), possess cytotoxic and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-modulating properties. However, their potential role in modulating immune-related phenotypes in bCSCs remains unclear. In the study, bCSCs derived from the MDA-MB-231 cell line were treated with PGV-1 or CCA-1.1 to evaluate cytotoxicity, apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, stemness-associated markers and immune checkpoint expression. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay. Apoptotic, stemness and immune-checkpoint profiles were analyzed using flow cytometry. PGV-1 exhibited stronger cytotoxicity against bCSCs than CCA-1.1, characterized by lower IC50 values (10.70 and 28.78 µM for PGV-1 and CCA-1.1 respectively at 24 h) and greater induction of apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Both compounds at concentrations of 2.67 and 7.19 µM significantly (p < 0.001) induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and reduced the CD44+CD24– stem-like population, indicating loss of stemness and enhanced differentiation. Importantly, PGV-1 significantly downregulated PD-L1 while upregulating CD80, suggesting a shift toward immunophenotypic alterations associated with a potentially more immunogenic profile. These dual effects of cytotoxic and preliminary immunophenotypic modulation highlight the ability of PGV-1 to overcome immune resistance in bCSCs. Further investigation using immune cell–based functional assays or in vivo models is required to validate whether the observed immunophenotypic modulation translates into functional immune activation and to assess the potential of PGV-1 in a co-immunotherapy setting.
Generation of a bivalent dengue virus-like particle targeting DENV-1 and DENV-2 in Pichia pastoris Kusumawardani, Shinta; Yusuf, Muhammad; Yosua, Yosua; Syafrudin, Elza Nurrachmanita; Baroroh, Umi; Nurainy, Neni; Subroto, Toto
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.114770

Abstract

Dengue remains a major global health concern, with current licensed vaccines offering variable protection across the four virus serotypes and posing safety considerations related to antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). To contribute toward improved vaccine design, we developed a bivalent virus-like particle (VLP) targeting DENV-1 and DENV-2, the two most prevalent serotypes in Indonesia. Consensus envelope (CE) protein sequences from Indonesian DENV-1 and DENV-2 strains were codon-optimized and co-expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115 using the AOX1 promoter. The expressed proteins were solubilized from membrane fractions under denaturing conditions, purified via Ni2+-affinity chromatography, and subjected to urea gradient dialysis for VLP assembly. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the formation of spherical VLPs. Western blot analysis confirmed expression and purification via anti-His detection, and supported antigenic integrity of the envelope proteins as recognized by anti-dengue E antibodies. The study demonstrates the feasibility of using P. pastoris for chimeric dengue VLP production based on regionally relevant strains. The findings support the development of serotype-focused VLP platforms as modular components in the development of future tetravalent dengue vaccines.
Metabarcoding analysis identifies the phyllosphere fungal communities associated with a newly emerged leaf fall disease in rubber plants in Indonesia Setyawan, Budi; Wibowo, Arif; Pujade-Renaud, Valérie; Subandiyah, Siti
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.115802

Abstract

Leaf fall disease of Hevea brasiliensis in Indonesia and Southeast Asia is an emerging threat to rubber production. While tentatively associated with Pestalotiopsis, Colletotrichum, and Neopestalotiopsis species, the disease etiology remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to identify the fungal community associated with symptomatic rubber leaves using culture-independent ITS amplicon sequencing. Leaf samples representing three symptom severity levels were collected from Central Java and South Sumatra. Fungal community composition analysis revealed that geographic origin, rather than symptom severity, was the primary driver of community clustering. Phyllosticta and Colletotrichum were consistently dominant across all samples, with Phyllosticta displaying notably higher relative abundance. Phyllosticta was identified as a newly reported pathogen of H. brasiliensis. Minor proportions of Pestalotiopsis, Neopestalotiopsis, Corynespora, and Pestalotia were also detected. Multigene phylogenetic analysis (ITS and β-tubulin) revealed three major clades corresponding to Neopestalotiopsis, Pestalotiopsis, and Colletotrichum. Pathogenicity assays confirmed that representative isolates reproduced field symptoms. This first metagenomic assessment of the phyllosphere mycobiota in diseased rubber leaves identifies Phyllosticta as a critical yet overlooked component of the leaf fall disease complex, providing insights into fungal ecology and pathogenic interactions underlying this emerging production threat.
Whole-genome sequencing of endophytic Bacillus cereus ELSZ6 isolated from Smilax zeylanica L. reveals antimicrobial potential against multidrug-resistant pathogens Zuhri, Rozana; Retnaningrum, Endah; Widiyastuti, Yuli; Susidarti, Ratna Asmah
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.116786

Abstract

The increasing global prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections has intensified the search for new antibacterial agents from underexplored natural sources. Endophytic bacteria associated with medicinal plants are recognized as potential producers of bioactive secondary metabolites. This study aims to isolate and characterize antibacterial endophytic bacteria from Smilax zeylanica collected in Bukit Duabelas National Park, Jambi, Indonesia. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from roots, stems, leaves and rhizomes using a surface sterilization method, which was validated by a final rinse test which showed no microbial growth. Antibacterial activity was screened using a dual culture assay on Nutrient Agar against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) WS 29 and Escherichia coli RES 22-2020, followed by phenotypic and genomic characterization. A total of 45 endophytic bacterial strains were obtained, of which seven exhibited inhibitory activity against both pathogens. Strain ELSZ6 showed the strongest inhibition and was characterized as Gram-positive, rod-shaped, and endospore-forming. Whole genome sequencing identified the strain as Bacillus cereus (6.3 Mbp; 50× coverage). Genome mining using antiSMASH revealed several biosynthetic gene clusters associated with secondary metabolites, including bacillibactin, zwittermicin A and petrobactin. The findings indicate that strain ELSZ6 represents a potential candidate for further investigation as a source of antibacterial compounds for use against MDR bacteria.

Page 54 of 54 | Total Record : 537

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