cover
Contact Name
Asy-Syariáh
Contact Email
Jurnalasy-syariah@uinsgd.ac.id
Phone
-
Journal Mail Official
ine.fauzia@uinsgd.ac.id
Editorial Address
-
Location
Kota bandung,
Jawa barat
INDONESIA
Jurnal Asy-Syari'ah
ISSN : 20869029     EISSN : 26545675     DOI : -
Memfokuskan diri pada publikasi berbagai hasil penelitian, telaah literatur, dan karya ilmiah lainnya yang cakupannya meliputi bidang ilmu syariah, hukum dan kemasyarakatan secara monodisipliner, interdisipliner, dan multidisipliner.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 259 Documents
TRANSGENDER DAN REDEFINISI KHUNTSA DALAM KAJIAN MEDIS DAN FIQIH KONTEMPORER: STUDI KASUS APRILIO MANGANANG-AMAR ALFIKAR Ahmad Asrof Fitri; Sansan Ziaul Haq
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 24, No 1 (2022): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v24i1.16513

Abstract

This research, which examines transgender and khuntsa in contemporary fiqh and medic, is inspired by the news on Aprilio Manganang and Amar Alfikar, who changed their gender due to medical and psychological problems. Aprilio was diagnosed with hypospadias, while Amar suffered from gender dysphoria. In classical fiqh literature, the concept of khuntsa is identified from a physical point of view only, which is generally categorized into khuntsa ghairu musykil if the person's gender can still be known and khuntsa musykil if the genitals cannot be ascertained after a medical research process. The purpose of this study is to determine the fiqh review of the transgender cases of Aprilio Manganang and Amar Alfikar. Using the library research method, this study finds that Aprilio is considered a khuntsa ghairu musykil because of hormonal and physical tendencies to men. While Amar, although born with female genital, gender dysphoria makes her feel that she is in an inappropriate body, thus causing self-harming. In the perspective of contemporary fiqh with psychological approach, the problem experienced by Amar require scholars to review the definition of khuntsa. The criteria of khuntsa musykil can be expanded by considering psychological disorders that arise from internal issues, not due to external influences.Penelitian yang mengkaji tentang transgender dan khuntsa dalam sudut pandang medis dan fikih kontemporer ini diilhami dari pemberitaan mengenai Aprilio Manganang dan Amar Alfikar, yang melakukan perubahan jenis kelamin dengan sebab masalah medis dan psikologis. Aprilio didiagnosa mengalami hipospadia berat, sementara Amar menderita gender dysphoria. Dalam literatur fikih klasik, konsep khuntsa acap kali hanya dilihat dan diidentifikasi dari segi fisik untuk ditentukan jenis kelaminnya, yang secara umum dikategorikan menjadi khuntsa ghairu musykil jika orang tersebut masih bisa diketahui kelaminnya dan khuntsa musykil bila setelah proses penelitian medis tidak dapat diketahui kepastian genitalnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tinjauan fikih terhadap kasus transgender Aprilio Manganang dan Amar Alfikar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah library research dengan kajian literatur. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Aprilio termasuk khuntsa ghairu musykil karena kecenderungan hormonal maupun penanda fisik yang terlihat mengarah jelas kepada laki-laki. Sementara Amar, meskipun terlahir dengan alat kelamin perempuan, secara psikis gender dysphoria membuatnya merasa berada dalam tubuh yang tidak sesuai, sehingga menyebabkan self-harming. Dalam sudut pandang fiqih kontemporer dengan pendekatan psikologis, persoalan yang dialami Amar secara moral mengharuskan ulama untuk meninjau kembali definisi khuntsa. Khuntsa musykil dapat diperluas cakupannya dengan memper­timbang­­kan kelainan-kelainan psikologis yang muncul dari internal diri seseorang, bukan akibat pengaruh eksternal.
PENEMUAN HUKUM CERAI GUGAT OLEH HAKIM PADA PENGADILAN AGAMA BERDASAR PARADIGMA POST-POSITIVISME Muhammad Helmi
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 23, No 2 (2021): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v23i2.15001

Abstract

This study aims to guide judges to the Religious Courts in realizing substantive justice about divorce decisions. Based on the Presidential Instruction on the Compilation of Islamic Law and the books of fiqh, if the wife filed for divorce, then she did not get a living from the ex-husband. However, there is a rule of a Supreme Court Circular, the rule is a wife filed for divorce, but she got a living from her ex-husband except for nusyus. The method is normative juridical with a paradigmatic study of Guba and Lincoln. In the ontology of the postpositivism paradigm, the judge views reality as imperfect rules. Therefore, the judge is obliged to explore the laws that live in the community. Epistemology is a rule that has limitations so that it adapts to situations and conditions, but judges must remain objective. The methodology goes from verification to falsification. Because the judge needs to criticize and falsify the injustice that occurs at trial for the wives, for example, the husband of a civil servant feels that he is difficult by the rules, so he orders his wife to sue for divorce which results in not getting a living from her ex-husband
INTEGRATION OF GREEN SUKUK AND CASH WAQF LINKED SUKUK FOR FINANCING AGRICULTURE SUSTAINABLE Annisa Nur Salam; Iskandar Iskandar
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 23, No 2 (2021): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v23i2.24059

Abstract

Abstract: Green sukuk has an underlying form of environmental preservation activities and is a form of Indonesia's commitment to addressing the impacts of climate change. The Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS) is a cash waqf investment in SBSN where the imbalance is channeled to social activities including social infrastructure which is a waqf asset. Based on the two-state sukuk innovations, in general, this research intends to integrate the implementation of green sukuk and CWLS in sustainability. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. The results of this study are the proposed Green CWLS model for financing the agricultural sector. This innovation will be a breakthrough in funding to reduce climate change as well as providing opportunities for Muslims who wish to invest socially, especially in the agricultural sector. Based on the contract used, green sukuk can use ijarah, murabahah, salam, ishtisna`, mudharabah and musyarakah contracts. While CWLS uses a wakalah contract. The hope is that this can become a new recommendation for policymakers such as the Ministry of Finance, the Indonesian Waqf Agency , the Ministry of Religion, and Bank Indonesia in advancing fiscal finance while trying to balance economic and environmental impacts which are currently the focus of all countries. In addition, this model also supports the agricultural sector to improve the welfare of local farmers and ensure food security and security for the people of Indonesia.
KONSEP WALI HAKIM DALAM PEMBARUAN HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM DI MALAYSIA DAN INDONESIA Akhmad Fadly Syahputera; Ferdiyan Ferdiyan
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 24, No 2 (2022): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v24i2.17735

Abstract

Abstract: Malaysia and Indonesia have reformed Islamic law by codifying Islamic family law through statutory regulations. However, between the two countries, there are quite striking differences in regulating guardian judges. This research aims to find out the substance and relevance of reforming Islamic marriage law in two countries related to judges' guardians. The study used a qualitative descriptive-analytical method with the application of laws, namely the Islamic Family Law (UUKI) of all states in Malaysia, the Republic of Indonesia Law no. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage (UUP), and the Compilation of Indonesian Islamic Marriage Law, especially regarding magistrate guardians. The study results show that the guardian of the king or guardian of the judge is officially and legally recognized in UUKI Malaysia and UUP Indonesia. However, Malaysia's UUKI has yet to have any detailed rules regarding technical procedures for the practice of magistrate guardians. In contrast, Indonesia has these rules even though they are in the form of a Regulation of the Minister of Religion (PMA). Regarding magistrate guardians, Malaysia and Indonesia are included in the Intra-Doctrinal Reform group, which tends to still adhere to conventional fiqh law.Abstrak: Malaysia dan Indonesia telah melakukan pembaruan hukum Islam dengan meng­kodifikasikan hukum keluarga Islam dalam bentuk perundang-undangan. Namun di antara kedua negara tersebut terdapat perbedaan yang cukup mencolok dalam mengatur wali hakim. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan substansi dan relevansi pembaruan hukum perkawinan Islam di dua negara terkait wali hakim. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan yaitu menelaah Enakmen Undang-undang Keluarga Islam (UUKI) semua negara bagian di Malaysia dan UU RI No. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan danKompilasi Hukum Islam atau UU Perkawinan (UUP) Indonesia khususnya tentang wali hakim. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa wali raja atau wali hakim diakui keberadaannya secara resmi dan sah dalam UUKI Malaysia dan UUP Indonesia. Namun dalam UUKI Malaysia belum ditemukan aturan secara rinci mengenai hal-hal terkait prosedur teknis pengamalan wali hakim, sedangkan Indonesia telah mencantumkan aturan tersebut walau dalam bentuk Peraturan Menteri Agama (PMA). Dalam hal wali hakim, Malaysia dan Indonesia termasuk dalam kelompok Intra-Doctrinal Reform yang cenderung masih berpegang kuat pada hukum fikih konvensional. 
KAJIAN HISTORIS MAQASHID SYARIAH SEBAGAI TEORI HUKUM ISLAM Ahmad Farikhin; Ahmad Hasan Ridwan; Heni Mulyasari
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 24, No 2 (2022): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v24i2.19332

Abstract

Abstract: The term maqashid was first proposed by al-Hakim al-Tirmidzy in the third century Hijiriyah, but has been conceptually invented and used since prophetic times with different terms. This study aims to find historical traces of maqashid sharia from original sources from time to time as sources of Islamic law after the Quran, Hadith, Ijma and Qiyas, which are discussed by contemporary scholars as solutions and breakthroughs in answering the legal vacuum caused by rapid changes. This research uses the istiqrai tahlili bayani method which focuses on tracing the traces of maqashid in Islamic scientific treasures. This research concludes that: First, maqashid sharia as a theory of Islamic law as it is known today by al-Juwaeny and elaborated by his disciple named al-Ghazaly later became a comprehensive scientific discipline by al-Syathiby in the eighth century Hijri; Secondly, the discussion of maqashid in this century has developed further with the addition of al-dharuriyat points according to the essential needs of contemporary Muslims such as guarding the people and the state not only sufficiently guarding al-dharuriyat but needing the development of al-dharuruyat points in order to support the progress of Muslims in various spheres of life; Third, maqashid sharia is the result of ijtihad that can change and develop according to the demands of progress as a solution that Islam can offer to the challenges of the times as initiated by Auda.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan jejak historis maqashid syariah dari sumber orisinal pada masa ke masa sebagai sumber hukum Islam setelah al-Quran, Hadits, Ijma dan Qiyas yang menjadi bahasan para cendikiawan kontemporer sebagai solusi dan terobosan dalam men­jawab kekosongan hukum akibat derasnya perubahan. Istilah maqashid pertama kali dikemukakan oleh al-Hakim al-Tirmidzy pada abad ketiga Hijiriyah, tetapi secara konseptual telah ditemukan dan digunakan sejak zaman kenabian dengan istilah yang berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode istiqrai tahlili bayani yang berfokus pada penelusuran jejak maqashid dalam khazanah keilmuwan Islam. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa: Pertama,  maqashid syariah sebagai teori hukum Islam seperti yang dikenal saat ini oleh al-Juwaeny dan dielaborasi oleh muridnya yang bernama al-Ghazaly kemudian menjadi disiplin ilmu pengetahuan secara komprehensip oleh al-Syathiby pada abad ke delapan Hijriyah; Kedua, pembahasan maqashid pada abad ini telah ber­kembang lebih jauh dengan adanya penambahan poin al-dharuriyat sesuai kebutuhan esensial umat Islam kontemporer seperti menjaga umat dan negara bahkan tidak hanya cukup menjaga al-dharuriyat namun perlu pengembangan poin-poin al-dharuruyat demi mendukung kemajuan umat Islam dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan; Ketiga, maqashid syariah merupakan hasil ijtihad yang bisa berubah dan berkembang sesuai tuntutan kemajuan sebagai solusi yang dapat ditawarkan Islam terhadap tantangan zaman seperti yang digagas oleh Auda.
BUILDING ASNAF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN INDONESIA: A PROPOSED PROGRAM FOR AMIL ZAKAT INSTITUTIONS Dian Friantoro; Muhammad Dzulfaqori Jatnika; Listia Andani; Lu'liyatul Mutmainah; Biki Zulfikri Rahmat
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 24, No 2 (2022): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v24i2.23067

Abstract

Abstract: Currently, the distribution of zakat is usually carried out consumptively to meet the basic needs of mustahiq (zakat recipient). Consumptive zakat provides a short-term effect and a dependency effect for asnaf (mustahiq). Therefore, zakat institutions can begin to develop sustainable productive zakat schemes for the welfare of mustahiq. The research aims to design a program and implementation model for Indonesia’s Asnaf Entrepreneurship Program (AEP). This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive-analytical methods through literature studies. The AEP program is aimed for asnaf, who meets the criteria of people in need and people experiencing poverty but have the capability to run a bussiness, both physically and mentally. Furthermore, the asnaf are given business assistance by zakat institutions. Assistance can be in the form of a capital loan with a qardh contract,  while business assistance can be in the form of consulting, training, and monitoring to achieve a profitable and sustainable business. AEP is implemented using the concept of collaborative management. Several zakat institutions may build an AEP compartment to support AEP applications. Mustahiq also can create a community based on the type of business or place of residence. AEP implementation may be challenging but has potential, not only for the benefit of asnaf but also for its multiplier effect on the Indonesian economy.
KONSEP LABA BERKAH DALAM PERDAGANGAN SYARIAH Zaen Udin Mansyur
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 24, No 2 (2022): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v24i2.16733

Abstract

Abstract: This study examines the concept of blessing profit, widely discussed by observers of the Islamic economy and claimed as an abstract matter. It has made its measurement nearly impossible without proper criteria. Using a descriptive analysis method to examine more profound matters that need to be done by both traders and buyers, this study shows that there are several matters that business people must carry out to obtain blessing profits, namely through the business preprocessing, process, and post-process stages. In the preprocessing stage, traders and buyers must possess theological values, which appear on a high devotion to God. In the following stage, the trade process is strengthened by instilling an honest, sincere, professional, friendly social, and generous attitude. This honest attitude will be shown in a sincere attitude of both parties and, in turn, a professional attitude will smoothen the activities, shown by increasing the number of customers along with an intense meeting (silaturrahim) and generosity. In the final stage, the acquired blessed profits are strengthened by evaluating trading activities and calculating profits to determine the amount of zakat that must be paid if the profit has reached the nisab.Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji konsep laba berkah yang banyak dibicarakan oleh para pemerhati ekonomi syariah yang diklaim sebagai perkara yang sangat abstrak, sehingga mengukurnya menjadi aktivitas yang sangat sulit, kecuali melalui kriteria-kriteria yang tepat. Penelitian ini menggunaka metode analisis deskriptif untuk mengkaji lebih mendalam tentang perkara-perkara  yang wajib dilakukan oleh para pelaku perdagangan baik itu pedagang maupun pembeli untuk mencapai laba berkah tersebut.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ciri-ciri pelaku bisnis memperoleh laba berkah dapat dilihat dari mulai tahap praproses, proses, dan pascaproses berbisnis. Pada tahapan praproses, seorang pebisnis diwajibkan mendasari sikap berdagangnya dengan nilai-nilai teologis dengan harapan dapat melahirkan pengabdian yang tinggi terhadap yang kuasa. Di tahapan berikutnya, proses berbisnis diperkuat dengan penanaman sikap yang jujur, ikhlas, professional, ramah, dan murah hati. Sikap jujur ini akan mendorong lahirnya sikap ikhlas kedua belah pihak dan melahirkan sikap profesional, sehingga aktivitas dagang berjalan dengan lancar yang ditandai dengan bertambahnya pelanggan dari waktu ke waktu. Tahapan akhir, perolehan laba berkah diperkuat melalui evaluasi aktivitas perdagangan, menghitung laba untuk mengetahui jumlah zakat yang harus dibayarkannya, jika laba tersebut telah mencapai nisab.
THE CONCEPT OF WASAṬIYYAH IN FIQH MUHAMMADIYAH PERSPECTIVE Tasnim Rahman Fitra; Devrian Ali Putra; Sukma Nada Desmanto
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 24, No 2 (2022): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v24i2.19727

Abstract

Abstract: This study discusses the concept of wasaṭiyyah Muhammadiyah's perspective on fiqh problem development, especially in Indonesia. It is related to the internal conflicts of Muslims in various aspects of life, includingIslamic law or fiqh. These disputes are caused by the friction between the two opposing ideologies in methodology and approach, sometimes caused by an intervention born through contradiction between liberals who want to free themselves from the shackles of textual understanding from the conservative group. In this case, Muhammadiyah occurs to introduce itself as an organization that seeks to offer concrete solutions through its wasaṭiyyah understanding. This study aims to reveal the concept of wasaṭiyyah in Muhammadiyah fiqh, which is related to the expression of the wasaṭiyyah idea in the fiqh produced by Muhammadiyah. This study uses a literature research method that focuses on wasaṭiyyah concepts as seen from the understanding of Muhammadiyah fiqh through decisions, congress results or the other fiqh products officially issued by Muhammadiyah. This study concludes that the concept of fiqh wasaṭiyyah Muhammadiyah tries to understand and place text and context proportionally to raise non-radical characteristics and also non-liberal. Furthermore, Muhammadiyah upholds the principle of tawāsuṭ which is combined with the codes of tawāzun and ta'ādul through an “Islam Berkemajuan" or the progressive Islam orientation.
Comparative Analysis of Halal Certification Mechanisms Between MUI and BPJPH According to the Perspective of Law No. 33 of 2014 Concerning Halal Product Guarantee Mochamad Doddy Syahirul Alam; Atem Atem; Murniyati Yanur; Ernida Alfiani Fauzi; M. Syaeful Anam
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 25, No 1 (2023): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v25i1.24313

Abstract

Abstract. This article aims to examine the diversity of halal certification in Indonesia. It is known that 2022 Indonesia's Muslim population will be the largest in the world. In line with that, the consumption of halal products in Indonesia is relatively high; therefore, Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantee mandates that products circulating in Indonesia are guaranteed reliability. Currently, Indonesia has a Halal Product Guarantee Agency (BPJPH), which has the task of ensuring those that enter, circulate, and are traded in Indonesia, as evidenced by the ownership of halal certification by business actors (PU) and halal labels on the products produced. This paper uses qualitative research with a literature study approach (literature review), namely conducting a descriptive analysis of secondary data. The results of this paper show a change in the management of halal certification, which was previously issued through the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) and is now by BPJPH. In addition, two schemes for applying for halal certification can be pursued by business actors in Indonesia, namely regular and self-declaration. Currently, halal products and the halal industry are growing not only nationally but also globally, and there are at least six halal industry sectors that are of concern halal food commodities, Islamic finance, Muslim-friendly travel (halal tourism), Modest Fashion, Media and recreation and Pharma & Cosmetic.
Sharia Compliance dalam Pelaksanaan Eksekusi Jaminan Gadai Rahn Fatima Retno Ningrum; Adang Sonjaya; Siti Puryandani; Dian Anggraeny Rahim
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 25, No 1 (2023): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v25i1.28809

Abstract

Abstract: This research is a comprehensive study of the implementation of executions carried out by murtahin on rahn pawn collateral, approached from the perspective of Sharia economic law. The study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive research methodology, which allowed for a detailed exploration of the execution of Rahn guarantees from the perspective of Sharia economic law. The normative legal approach was employed, using secondary sources to collect Islamic regulations and laws that were most relevant to the research problem. The research was then analyzed using the Sharia economic law doctrine. The findings of this research provide the procedures for executing rahn as per the Constitutional Court Decision Letter Number 18 of 2019, in accordance with the principles of Islamic sharia as regulated in the DSN-MUI Fatwa Number 92 of 2014 concerning financing accompanied by rahn.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk melakukan kajian terhadap pelaksanaan eksekusi yang dilakukan oleh murtahin atas jaminan gadai rahn dari sudut pandang hukum ekonomi syari’ah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang mengeksplorasi eksekusi jaminan rahn dalam pandangan hukum ekonomi syari’ah. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan hukum normatif dengan menggunakan sumber sekunder yang dikumpulkan dengan cara menginven­tarisir peraturan dan hukum islam yang sesuai dengan masalah penelitian. Penelitian ini kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan doktrin hukum ekonomi syariah. Hasil penelitian ini adalah tata cara pelaksanaan eksekusi dalam Surat Putusan Mahkamah konstitusi Nomor 18 Tahun 2019 sesuai dengan prinsip Syari’at Islam yang diatur dalam Fatwa DSN-MUI Nomor 92 Tahun 2014 tentang pembiayaan yang disertai rahn.