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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences

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Published by Universitas Brawijaya

ISSN : 20875517 EISSN : 25274376 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.

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Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 2 (2019)" : 10 Documents clear

The Use of Fish Flour and Palm Sugar Medium to Grow Mataram Indigenous Isolate of Entomopathogenic Bacillus thuringiensis for Controlling Aedes agypti Larvae Suryadi, Bambang Fajar; Hidayat, Hilal Aisyah; Tresnani, Galuh
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

To grow Mataram indigenous local isolate of entomopathonic Bacillus thuringiensis using 4 combinations of fish flour and palm sugar natural liquid medium. The culture was then tested against 3rd instar Aedes aegypti larvae to gain lethal concentration (LC) value within 72-hour test. Four combinations of fish flour and palm sugar liquid medium (in 1:1; 1:3; 1:5 and 1:7 weight ratio) were made to grow B. thuringiensis isolate Bt-TP2B. Cell, endospore and protein crystal were recorded every 24 hours within 72-hour incubation. Seventy-two-hour-old B. thuringiensis cultures from those media were serially diluted, then tested against 3rd instar B. thuringiensis larvae. Larval death was recorded every 24 hours within 72-hour observation to obtain lethal concentration (LC) values. Results from all medium were compared to those of NYSM standar medium. B. thuringiensis isolate BT-TP2B could grow in fish flour and palm sugar natural medium. The highest toxicity (the lowest LC) was seen on B. thuringiensis grown on fish flour and palm sugar natural medium in 1:1 weight ratio. The LC50 values were 1.98x103 cell/mL (in 24-hour observation) and 1.49x103 cell/mL (in 48-hour and 72-hour observation), while LC90 values were 1.35x103 cell/mL in 24-hour observation and 1.58x103 cell/mL in 48 and 72-hour observations). These values were lower (more toxic) compared to those of NYSM standard medium. Fish flour and palm sugar natural medium could be used to grow entomopathogenic B. thuringiensis. Moreover, this natural medium could increase toxicity of B. thuringiensis against B. thuringiensis3rd instar larvae.Â

Nutritional, Hypoglycemic, and Haematinic Potentiality of Edible Mushroom Pleurotus tuber-regium (Rumph. ex Fr.) Singer Dandapat, Sukumar; Kumar, Manoj; Ranjan, Rakesh; Sinha, Manoranjan Prasad
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Mycochemical composition, calorific value, the antioxidant activity of Pleurotus tuber- regium was analyzed and impact of P. tuber- regium extract on rat model especially glycemic, vitamins and blood parameters were explored to validate its medicinal importance. Mycochemical screening showed the presence of biochemicals such as phenols, flavonoids, proteins, carbohydrates etc. The extract showed good antioxidant activity (33.62% total antioxidant activity equivalent to 21.30 Âµg ascorbic acid). The extract showed dose -dependent hypoglycaemic activity by significant decreased average blood glucose level at high dose (100.62 Â± 1.04mg/dL) compare to control (124.40 Â± 1.45 mg/dL), haematinic activity by elevation of hemoglobin (14.75 Â± 0.24 g/dL) at a high dose of extract compared to control (11.66 Â± 0.21 g/dL). P. tuber-regium extract elevated vitamin B12 of rats at high dose of extract (449.60 Â± 3.12 pg/mL) compared to control (420.00 Â± 2.86pg/mL). P. tuber-regium extract showed a positive response to hypoglycemic, haematinic, and vitamin level of the body and posses high calorific value. Hence P. tuber-regium can be used as good fodder, medicinal and nutritional supplement.

Level of mRNA Insulin Gene and Blood Glucose STZ-Induced Diabetic Rat are Improved by Glucomannan of Amorphophallus muelleri Blume from East Java Forest Indonesia Fatchiyah, Fatchiyah; Nurmasari, Damai Aulia; Masruro, Nuri; Rohmah, Rista Nikmatu; Triprisila, Lidwina Faraline; Mulyati, Mulyati; Yamada, Takahisa; Ohta, Takashi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Diabetes mellitus is one of metabolic disorder with high level of blood sugar glucose and reduces pancreatic-insulin levels that are altered by unhealthy food and lifestyle. To manage the blood glucose and insulin level, we need the diabetes dietary management related with insulin gene cascade. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence glucomannan fiber to mRNA level of the insulin gene and genes cascade expression of target cells of type 1 diabetic rat. Three-month-old male (Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar) were fed with fiber of glucomannan of Amorphophallus muelleri Blume with dosage 0,06g/kg BW and 0.12g/kg BW every day during one month. RNA dot blotting with specific cDNA probe was performed mRNA level of insulin gene. The result of this study showed that glucomannan could reduce of body weight and blood glucose level significantly. The mRNA level of insulin gene of diabetic rats-treated 0.12g/kg BW glucomannan fiber dosage was the highest significance level among of all groups. In histopathological analysis, glucomannan was increasing significantly in IRS-1 level expression proliferate properly and consistently increasing of the PI3-K expression level in treated diabetic rats. This study indicates that the 0.12g/kg BW glucomannan was optimum dosage that effectively as role for alternative high-fiber therapy of type 1 diabetic through insulin receptor tyrosine kinase pathway.Â

Ecobiology Test of Mantangan Species (Merremia peltata (L.) Merr.) from the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Lampung Kurniawati, Kurniawati -; Muhadiono, Muhadiono; Hilwan, Iwan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Mantangan (Merremia peltata (L.) Merr.) is a woody liana. Nowadays, it has become invasive in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park. The objectives of this research were to analyze: 1) effect of light intensity on the growth of mantangan in natural and artificial shade, 2) effect of sand addition to the soil media and trimming on the growth rate of mantangan. Forest profile was made at the field in three locations with three light intensity levels: low, moderate, and high. A completely randomized design by three factors: shade, soil media and trimming were used. Parameters measured were stem length, leaf and buds number, fresh and dry weight. Forest profile analysis showed that high light intensity forest was dominated bay mantangan. In contrast, growth of mantangan was inhibited in low light intensity (75% shade), with lower dry weight (1.50 g). Soil media and trimming did not affect significantly on growth of mantangan.

Floristic and Phytoclimatic Study of a Sacred Grove Vegetation of West Midnapore District, West Bengal, India Sen, Uday Kumar; Bhakat, Ram Kumar
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.02.01

Traditional cultural and religious beliefs and practices play a crucial role in the conservation of the environment and biodiversity in the form of the sacred groves. The present study was carried out to explore the plant resources, their biological spectrum, leaf size spectra, the conservation status of a sacred grove, locally known as Narampur Barapir Astana (NBA) in West Midnapore district of West Bengal in India. Floristic list of the study revealed that the vegetation of NBA was diverse and composed of 277 species belonging to 238 genera distributed over 77 families under 36 orders according to APG IV classification. The dominant order and family in terms of species richness were Lamiales 27 (9.75%) and Fabaceae 32 (11.55%) respectively. The biological spectrum shows the study area was classified as â€œthero-chamae-cryptophyticâ€ type of phytoclimate. As regards the leaf size spectra, mesophyll 56 (20.22%) was found to be high. The study area being a sacred grove is fairly undisturbed. For the long-term conservation of germplasm of the grove some recommendations are suggested.

Red Yeast Rice Protects Hepatocytes conditions of Rats Receiving High Fat Diet Wahyuningsih, Doti; Elyani, Helmin; Damayanti, Dini Sri; Yahya, Arif; Fadli, Muhammad Zainal
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Triglyceride (TG) is a simple and the main lipid of the daily diet. Nowadays, TG is emerging as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and increasing clinical data that indicate a high level of this simple lipid in serum may alert and play a role in liver impairment. Red yeast rice (RYR) reduces serum TG in human and animals. The rice is widely used as a natural inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase to correct serum cholesterol level. Bioactive components of the rice are well known to have antioxidant properties. This study examined whether RYR protects hepatocytes by evaluating the serum AST-ALT, HDL-Cholesterol (HDL-C), TG levels, and the number of liver foam cells in hypertriglyceridemic rats. Twenty male Wistar rats were grouped into 5. Four groups received a high-fat diet (HFD), 40 g/animal/day for 60 days to induce hypertriglyceridemic condition. Along with the HFD treatment, three groups received 108, 54, and 27 mg/kgBW/day of RYR, respectively. Two other groups received standard and only HFD diet, respectively. Intracardiac blood was collected for measuring AST and ALT using AST or ALT activity assay Kit, respectively, serum TG and HDL-C by Enzymatic Caloric Test.Â Hematoxylin-Eosinâ€“stained 4Âµmm thick slices of liver tissues were prepared to count foam cell number by a light microscope with 400x magnificence. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis continued by the Mann Whitney U test. The p values of < 0.05 were considered to be significant. The present study found that 108, 54, and 27 mg/kgBW/day of RYR significantly decreased serum TG, HDL-C, AST, and ALT compared with those of hypertriglyceridemic rats receiving no RYR. The decreasing levels of the parameters were in relation to the doses of RYR. The doses of 108 and 54 mg/kgBW/day resulted in complete recovery of the liver tissues suffered from steatosis (p < 0.05). The RYR dose of 108 mg/KgBW/day completely corrects the serum HDL-C level. In conclusion, red yeast rice may have a potency to protect hepatocytes injuries due to hypertriglyceridemia.

The Role of Black Soybean and Purple Sweet Potato Active Compound on Advanced Glycation End-Product in Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rat Gofur, Abdul; Arifah, Siti Nur; Annisa, Yuslinda; Witjoro, Agung; Atho'illah, Mochammad Fitri; Lestari, Sri Rahayu
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.02.02

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the diabetes complications attacking kidney leading to kidney damage. Hyperglycemia accompanying DM causes the increase of Ad-vanced Glycation End-Product (AGE) and Receptor Advanced Glycation End-Product (RAGE) activity, then develop kidney damage and other diabetes compli-cations. The study aimed to investigate the effect of black soybean, purple sweet potato, or their combination on the expression of AGE, RAGE, and kidney necro-sis T2DM model rats. The rats were given with high-calorie diet for five weeks and then injected with a low dose of streptozotocin (30 m/kg Body Weight) in intraperitoneal. DM rats were divided into: normal, K- (T2DM), K+ (T2DM + glibenclamide 0.6 mg/kg body weight), P1 (T2DM + black soybean), P2 (T2DM + purple sweet potato), and P3-5 Combination 1-3 (T2DM + combination of black soybean and purple sweet potato in ratio of 1 : 3, 2 : 2, and 3 : 1). DM rats were then given the treatments for thirty days. The effect of black soybean, purple sweet potato, or the combination of both was evaluated through the expression of AGE, RAGE, and necrosis of renal tubules. The changes in renal tubules histological characteristics were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Immuno-histochemistry analysis of renal tubules was to evaluate AGE-RAGE expression after the treatments. The research results indicated that there was a significant dif-ference from the combination of black soybean and purple sweet potato in reduc-ing AGE, RAGE, and renal tubules necrosis. The BSB and PSP combination ratio of 1:1 was able to improve renal tubules, decrease the expression of AGE and RAGE towards near normal. The combination of black soybean and purple sweet potato could be used as one of the alternatives to improve kidney damage in dia-betic nephropathy.

Difference of Vitamin D and Interleukin-6 Levels in Children with Steroid- Resistant, Steroid-Sensitive and Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome Subandiyah, Krisni; Ghofar, Hervin Febrina; Fitri, Loeki Enggar
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is the most prevalent autoimmune glomerular disease in children and its pathogenesis is correlated with high level of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and low level of vitamin D. This study was aimed to investigate the difference of vitamin D and IL-6 level in steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), steroid sensitive (SSNS), and idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). This research was designed as cross sectional involving 45 subjects which then divided into 3 groups as follows: SRNS, SSNS, and INS. A level of serum 25 (OH)D was measured by Enzyme-linked Immuno Assay Method then categorized as sufficiency, insufficiency, and deficiency. Level of IL-6 serum was measured by ELISA method. Results showed that IL-6 level was significantly different among three groups, in which SRNS had the highest value (ANOVA, p < 0.05). Further analysis demonstrated that IL-6 level correlated with steroid resistance (Spearman correlation test, p = 0.000, r = 0.692). Vitamin D status was significantly different among three groups (Chi square, p = 0.03) and associated with steroid resistance (Spearman correlation test, p = 0.000, r = 0.568). Moreover, IL-6 level associated with 25 (OH) D level in SRNS group (Pearson correlation test, p = 0.020, r = 0.591) but not in the SSNS and INS group. We conclude that IL-6 levels were significantly higher in SRNS group as compared to other groups. Otherwise, vitamin D status were significantly lower in SRNS compared with other groups. An IL-6 level was negatively correlated with vitamin D status in patients with NS, specifically in SRNS group.

THE ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF TORBANGUN (COLEUS AMBOINICUS L.) LEAVES INCREASING MILK PRODUCTION WITH UP-REGULATED GENES EXPRESSION OF PROLACTIN RECEPTOR Iwansyah, Ade Chandra; Damanik, Rizal Martua; Kustiyah, Lilik; Hanafi, Muhammad
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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This study aim was to determine lactagogue effect of torbangun leaves to plasma levels of lactogenic hormone and gene expression of their receptors in mammary glands of lactation rats. Lactagogue activity was evaluated by volume of milk was produced by the rats treated with commercial milk booster contained ?katuk' leaves extract (AF), ethyl acetate fraction of torbangun leaves (EA), water extraction of torbangun leaves (AQ) and kaempferol (KP). Lactating rats (n=5) of Sprague dawley with six pups were fed with AF, EA, AQ, and KP in the amount of 50 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, 80 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The feed was given orally every two days and starting from day 2 after giving birth until day 28. The volume of milk was estimated by the increment pup weight after breastfed. The levels of serum lactogenic hormones were determined by ELISA methods. Moreover, in order to measure the gene expression of the lactogenic hormone's receptors in the mammary gland a real time - reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was performed. The results showed that ethyl acetate fraction of torbangun leaves (EA) (a) was not significantly stimulating the synthesis of serum prolactin and estradiol at day 14 and day 28 lactation period, (b) down-regulated the gene expression of estradiol receptor (ER?) at day 28, and (c) up-regulated the gene expression of prolactin receptor (PRLR) in mammary gland at day 14 and day 28. This study indicated that ethyl acetate fraction of torbangun leaves was induced milk production, within up-regulated the gene expression of prolactin receptor (PRLR) in the mammary gland of lactation rats.

MICROSATELLITE MARKER FOR GENETIC VARIATION ANALYSIS IN LOCAL CHILI PEPPER (CAPSICUM FRUTESCENS L.) INDUCED BY ETHYL METHANE SULFONATE (EMS) Juliandari, Ria Reinnata; Mastuti, Retno; Arumningtyas, Estri Laras; Arumningtyas, Estri Laras
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Mutation using Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) is a simple and quick method to produce genetic variation in chili pepper. In this study, a total of 3 genotypes of local chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.), i.e. Genotype 2 (G2), Genotype 7 (G7), and Genotype 11 (G11) were induced by EMS with concentrations of 0% (K0), 0.01% (K1), 0.02% (K2), and 0.04% (K3). Genetic variation analysis in mutant was performed based on 3 microsatellite markers CA 19, CA 27, CA 62. Those molecular markers successfully detected the genetic variation in chili pepper mutant based on the number and size of microsatellite alleles variation. The 3 genotypes of chili pepper mutant produced a total of 15 alleles with the average Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) value of 0.82. Compared to the control plant, genetic variations in genome level were observed in local chili pepper. Furthermore, the treatment of EMS with concentration of 0.04% produced the most notable genetic variation in 3 genotypes of local chili pepper.

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