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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
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Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 16 no. 01 (2026)" : 15 Documents clear
Vegetation Diversity in the Agroforestry System of Kuta Traditional Village, West Java, Indonesia: Vegetation diversity in the agroforestry system of Kuta Traditional Village Adnan, Bahana Aditya; Erlin, Euis; Dadi; Kurniawati, Tiktiek
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.01.02

Abstract

This study investigates vegetation diversity within the agroforestry system of Kuta Traditional Village, West Java, Indonesia, a community renowned for its long standing integration of ecological principles and cultural traditions in land management. Twenty plots (20 m × 20 m) were purposively established to assess vegetation structure across four growth stages: trees, poles, saplings, and seedlings. Data collection includes the number of species and the number of individuals of each species, followed by the calculation of the Important Value Index (IVI), Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H′), Margalef species richness index (R), and Pielou’s evenness index (E). Results indicated that Cocos nucifera and Arenga pinnata dominated the mature tree stage, while Coffea canephora prevailed at the pole stage. High diversity (H′ = 2.91–3.41) and richness (R = 5.13–6.23) were observed in trees, poles, and saplings, reflecting balanced community structures and sustainable regeneration. The seedling stage exhibited lower diversity (H′ = 2.67, R = 2.96) despite high evenness (E = 0.96), suggesting selective recruitment patterns. Principal Component Analysis revealed soil pH as the most influential environmental factor shaping species distribution. These findings underscore the importance of traditional agroforestry in sustaining biodiversity, supporting livelihoods, and maintaining ecological resilience, thereby highlighting its significance as a model for sustainable land use and biodiversity conservation in culturally significant landscapes.
Structural Homology Modelling, Molecular Docking and Initial Insight into Phenol Degradation Activity of Recombinant Tyrosinase from Lentinula edodes Mushroom: Structure and Phenol Decontamination by Lentinula edodes Tyrosinase David, Viaevanilly; Abdul Rasah, Mohd Nasir; Lindang, Herman Umbau; Mokhtar, Ruzaidi Azli Mohd; Seelan, Jaya Seelan Sathiya; Razali, Rafida; Budiman, Cahyo
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.01.05

Abstract

Tyrosinase is a copper-containing enzyme known for ability to degrade phenolic compounds, making it highly attractive for industrial applications, particularly in wastewater decontamination. While fungal tyrosinase is considered an excellent source for enzyme studies and applications, deeper investigations into its structural properties and phenol degradation activity are still needed. This study aims to elucidate the structural properties of tyrosinase from the mushroom Lentinula edodes (Edo-Tyr) and evaluate its phenol degradation activity. The amino acid sequence of Edo-Tyr was retrieved from GenBank (AB 033993.1) and used to construct three-dimensional models via Robetta, SWISS-MODEL, and Phyre2. The best model obtained from SWISS-MODEL indicated that the structure is predominantly helical, with a Cu2+ ion observed in the active site coordinated by His64, His90, His99, His261, His165, His289, and His290. Structural comparisons revealed similarity between Edo-Tyr and tyrosinase from Bacillus megaterium (Bm-Tyr), with an R.M.S.D of 1.38 Å. Sequence alignment further suggested that His265 serves as the active site in Edo-Tyr, analogous to His208 in Bm-Tyr. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated that the catalytic mechanism of Edo-Tyr likely involves hydroxylation via an electrophilic attack, potentially facilitated by a tyrosine rotation event. Key residues implicated in this process include His64, His265, His90, Pro277, and Asp262. Subsequent in vitro assays using a phenol solution confirmed the recombinant Edo-Tyr's ability to degrade phenol, achieving a 48% reduction in phenol concentration with 0.3 U/µL of tyrosinase. These findings confirm the potential application of Edo-Tyr in bioremediation, specifically for phenol decontamination, highlighting its promise for industrial and environmental applications. 
Phytochemical Screening and In Silico Prediction of Gynura divaricata Ethanolic Extract as A Potential PIM-1 Inhibitor: Phytochemical and In Silico Prediction of Gynura divaricata Puspitarini , Sapti; Hermanto, Feri Eko; Rohim, Abd; Dliyauddin, Moh; Hendratmoko, Ahmad Fauzi; Budiyanto, Mohammad; Ilhami, Fasih Bintang
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.01.06

Abstract

The pharmacological properties and traditional uses of medicinal plants often correlate with their bioactive constituents, which contribute to diverse therapeutic effects, including anticancer activity. Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and the discovery of novel anticancer agents from natural sources continues to be an important research focus. Gynura divaricata is a medicinal herb widely used in traditional Asian medicine for treating diseases. Recent studies have reported that G. divaricata contains several bioactive compounds. such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenoids, and alkaloids, which are known for their antioxidant and anticancer properties. However, despite its traditional use and pharmacological potential, the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer activity of G. divaricata remain poorly understood. This study aimed to screen the phytochemical content of the ethanolic leaf extract of G. divaricata and to predict its potential anticancer activity through computational analysis targeting the PIM-1 protein. The DPPH inhibition, total flavonoid content, and total phenolic content of the extract were evaluated. Phytochemical profiling was performed using LC-HRMS. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to predict the interactions between the active compounds of G. divaricata and the PIM-1 protein. The extract exhibited 50% DPPH inhibition at a concentration of 2071.01 ppm, with total flavonoid and total phenolic contents of 107.44 ± 4.41 mg QE/g and 10.96 ± 0.49 mg GAE/g, respectively. Identified bioactive compounds, including curcumin, (+)-ar-turmerone, and 4-coumaric acid, were further analyzed through molecular docking to assess their interactions with the PIM-1 kinase. The docking results revealed that these compounds showed favorable binding affinities to the active site of PIM-1, suggesting their potential as anticancer agents. This study is the first to report the potential of G. divaricata active compounds as PIM-1 inhibitors, warranting further validation through both in vitro and in vivo studies.  
In-silico Design and Testing of Tetra-Primer Arms-PCR for SNPs-Based Identification of Sumatran Tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae): ARMS-PCR SNP Identification of Sumatran Tiger Asrori, Ikrima; Novarino, Wilson; Tjong, Djong Hon; Roesma, Dewi Imelda
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.01.03

Abstract

The Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) is a subspecies of tiger classified as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) due to poaching and illegal trade. In the law enforcement process, it is very important to ensure that the sample is indeed from a Sumatran tiger. Seized samples from illegal trade cannot be identified based on their morphology because they have been degraded and processed into other forms. Previous studies have reported the use of molecular markers for Sumatran tiger identification, which involve lengthy procedures and analyses. Therefore, for a more effective identification process, faster and more accurate techniques are needed. This study aims to design tetra primers for the identification of Sumatran tiger subspecies, particularly from incomplete confiscated samples, using the Amplification Refractory Mutation System-Polymerase Chain Reaction (ARMS-PCR) technique based on Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers. The primers were designed using the Primer1 application and validated in silico with CloneManager and NCBI BLAST, as well as through direct testing on Sumatran tiger blood samples. The design results showed one pair of primers with optimal specifications, producing G allele fragments (452 bp), A allele fragments (408 bp), and internal control fragments (819 bp). Specificity testing results indicated that all samples were Sumatran tigers, with amplification bands at 452 bp and 819 bp. These results demonstrate that the developed tetra-primer ARMS-PCR assay provides a rapid and practical molecular approach for identifying Sumatran tiger samples, particularly for forensic verification of confiscated wildlife materials.
BRCA1-Associated Protein 1 and Its Role of Cell Cycle Regulation in Cancer: BRCA1-Associated Protein 1 In Cell Cycle Regulation Husain, Syarifuddin; Mohamed, Ruzianisra; Abd Halim, Khairul Bariyyah; Mohd Mutalip, Siti Syairah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/16.01.01

Abstract

BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle, exhibiting both tumor-suppressive and oncogenic roles. It controls the expression and stability of key cell cycle regulators, including cyclin D1, p27, and Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5), ensuring proper progression through the G1–S checkpoint. Dysregulation of these processes due to altered BAP1 activity can promote uncontrolled proliferation and contribute to tumor progression. This review focuses on the dual roles of BAP1 in cell cycle regulation and highlights how its functional impairment creates vulnerabilities that can be therapeutically exploited. Cyclin D1 is discussed as a potential target to mitigate cell cycle dysregulation driven by BAP1. By emphasizing the molecular mechanisms underlying BAP1 influence on transcriptional programs and protein stability, this work provides insights into strategies for managing malignancies associated with altered BAP1 activity. Mechanistic studies indicate that BAP1 exerts tumor-suppressive effects by interacting with Host Cell Factor-1, Breast Cancer Type 1 Susceptibility protein/BRCA1-Associated RING Domain 1, and KLF5 to maintain proper cell cycle progression. Conversely, BAP1 can exert oncogenic roles in certain cancers by stabilizing KLF5, enhancing cyclin D1 expression, and suppressing p27, thereby promoting proliferation through the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B/Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin and E2F/Retinoblastoma pathways. These findings underscore cyclin D1 as a convergent node of BAP1-mediated regulation, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target to restore cell cycle control in malignancies driven by BAP1 dysfunction.
Length-based Assessment of Jinga shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis) in CilacapWaters, Indonesia: Length-based Assessment of Jinga shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis) in Cilacap waters, Indonesia Harlyan, Ledhyane Ika; Zulfania, Herlian Putri; Bintoro, Gatut
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/awrryh48

Abstract

Cilacap Regency, Central Java, is a major fishing hub, and tropical shrimp, including Jinga shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis), are among the most valuable resources due to their high demand and economic importance. However, penaeid shrimp stocks in the Indonesian Fisheries Management Area (FMA) 573, including Cilacap waters, are reported to be overexploited. This study aims to assess the stock status of Metapenaeus affinis in Cilacap waters using length-based stock assessment methods, including the Length-Based Spawning Potential Ratio (LB-SPR) approach, to evaluate exploitation status relative to biological reference points. Sampling was conducted from December 2024 to March 2025, yielding 2,099 individuals collected from the Tegalkamulyan landing site. Biological parameters, including carapace length, body weight, sex, and gonad maturity stage, were analyzed. The results showed a negative allometric growth pattern (b = 1.5887). The length at first capture (Lc = 34.8 mm CL) was lower than the length at first maturity (L50 = 40.8 mm CL), indicating that most individuals are harvested before reproducing. The estimated spawning potential ratio (SPR) was 6%, confirming severe overexploitation. These findings highlight the urgent need for management measures, such as minimum size limits, improved gear selectivity, and seasonal closures, to ensure sustainable use of shrimp resources in Cilacap waters.
Bacterial Consortium Improves Sweet Corn Yield, Stover and Soil: Bacterial Consortium Improves Sweet Corn Yield, Stover and Soil Purwanti, Eny Wahyuning; Sa’diyyah, Iqomatus; Navitasari, Lisa; Waskito, Heru
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.01.04

Abstract

Plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are promising bio-stimulants for sustainable agriculture, enhancing crop growth, nutrient use efficiency, and soil fertility while reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers.  This study evaluated an indigenous consortium of Azotobacter vinelandii and Bacillus cereus on sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata). The study utilized a completely randomized design with three treatments: control (no PGPR), seed soaking and root drenching, each replicated five times. Growth parameters, yield, kernel quality, stover nutritive value, and soil fertility indicators were measured.  Both PGPR application methods significantly improved plant growth and yield.  Specifically, there was a marked increase in plant height, stem diameter, cob weight, and kernel sweetness (measured in °Brix). Furthermore, the quality of the stover used as animal feed substantially increased, characterized by higher crude protein, dry matter, and total digestible nutrients (TDN), while crude fiber, fat, and ash remained stable. The bacterial consortium successfully enhanced soil health and fertility indicators, including microbial populations, organic carbon content, and available phosphorus. Seed soaking consistently produced superior results compared to root drenching.  The indigenous PGPR consortium proved highly effective as a sustainable bio-stimulant, capable of boosting sweet corn productivity, improving stover feed value, and promoting soil health.  Farmers are advised to apply the consortium via seed soaking to maximize yield and quality while reducing fertilizer dependency, supporting sustainable crop–livestock’s integration.
Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Potential of Tridax procumbens Plant Fraction from West Sumatera, Indonesia: Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Potential of Tridax procumbens Widyawati; Situmeang, Boima
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.01.10

Abstract

Research on the Gletang plant (Tridax procumbens) is still in its nascent stages and requires further development. The presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, and tannins is one of the reasons for the potential possessed by T. procumbens. Our previous study successfully demonstrated the antibacterial activity of leaf, flower, and stem extracts against oral pathogenic bacteria, specifically Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus faecalis. This study introduces a bioactivity guided fractionation approach of Tridax procumbens, integrating phytochemical profiling, antioxidant, and antibacterial evaluations, coupled with LC-MS based compound identification to pinpoint the most active fraction. The fractionation of T. procumbens was carried out using column chromatography. Phytochemical screening tests, total phenolic and total flavonoid content analyses, antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity test were conducted for all fractions. The EATF was found to have the highest total flavonoid content (TFC) and total phenolic content (TPC), with mean values of 16.573 ± 0.04 mg QE/g and 10.993 ± 0.05 mg GAE/g, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity was also found in EATP with an IC50 of 5.839 ± 0.100 ppm. Antibacterial activity revealed that the EATP exhibited the best antibacterial activity against S. mutans and E. faecalis. The LC-MS analysis indicated the presence of octaverine, myristyl myristate, phenol, 2,2'-methylenebis(3,5,6-trichloro), and β-carotene in EATP. The findings provide a scientific basis for the development of plant based antibacterial agents targeting oral pathogens, while also supporting the advancement of evidence based phytopharmaceutical applications.
Analysis Distribution Patterns and Correlation of Ecological Characteristics Affecting the Existence of the Maleo Birds (Macrocephalon maleo) in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: Distribution and Ecological Drivers of Maleo in Central Sulawesi Abd. Karim , Wahyudin; Hadisusanto, Suwarno; Wibawaning Astuti, Raden Roro Upiek Ngesti; Pudyatmoko, Satyawan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.01.08

Abstract

Macrocephalon maleo is an endemic bird species of Sulawesi that selects nesting sites based on specific environmental conditions, particularly optimal soil temperature, moisture, water content, soil weight, and texture (including clay, dust, and sand composition). However, studies examining the relationship between soil physical characteristics and microclimatic factors across multiple nesting sites remain limited. This study aims to analyze the distribution patterns and the correlation of ecological characteristics that influence the existence of maleo in Central Sulawesi. The research was conducted from February 2024 to March 2025 at seven locations with a total of 23 coordinate points, including nesting grounds near geothermal sources (Saluki, Lore Lindu National Park), coastal areas (Taima, Moilong, Batui, Ampana, and Balingara), and a riverbank area (Bukit Jaya). Field observations were carried out for 10 days at each location, during which 197 maleo birds were recorded. Maleo distribution patterns were analyzed using the Morisita Index, while the relationships between ecological factors and maleo presence were assessed using Pearson correlation analysis. The Morisita Index indicates a clumped distribution pattern, with values ranging from 2.0 to 5.0. The average sand temperatures recorded were 33.9°C in the geothermal area (Saluki TNLL); 35.0°C, 34.4°C, 35.4°C, 33.13°C, and 32.9°C in the coastal areas (Taima, Moilong, Batui, Ampana, and Balingara), and 36.1°C in the riverbank area (Bukit Jaya). The results indicate that soil-related ecological factors, particularly water content, soil texture, and sand weight, had a stronger influence on maleo presence than ambient microclimatic variables such as air temperature, humidity, wind speed, and light intensity. Soil texture influences water retention, aeration, heat absorption, and soil consistency. Sandy soils tend to absorb and release heat efficiently, thereby creating suitable incubation conditions for maleo eggs in natural nesting habitats.
Community Structure and Ecological Roles of Soil Macrofauna in Sumatran Elephant Feces as an Effort to Conserve Soil Biodiversity in Bengkulu Elephant Training Center, Indonesia: Community Structure and Ecological Roles of Soil Macrofauna in Sumatran Elephant Feces Darmi, Darmi; Rizwar, Rizwar; Warosuly, Tri Nurhidayati; Julita, Helika
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.01.09

Abstract

Elephant feces are a source of organic material that has the potential to support soil ecosystem sustainability. Elephant feces serve as a microhabitat, providing nutrients and a place to live for soil macrofauna that plays an important role in soil decomposition. However, the understanding of the community structure and ecological contribution of macrofauna in elephant feces is still limited, especially in the Bengkulu Elephant Training Center area. The objective of this study was to analyze the community structure and ecological roles of soil macrofauna in Sumatran elephant feces at the Seblat Elephant Conservation Area. Soil macrofauna in elephant feces is divided into two groups, namely Macroarthropods and Oligochaeta (Megadrilli earthworms). Macroarthropod samples were collected using the handsorting method on each bolus of feces, while earthworms were collected using the square method and the handsorting method on feces that had undergone further decomposition. The community structure of soil macrofauna in elephant feces consists of 18 species. Arthropoda comprises 15 species belonging to the classes Hexapoda, Arachnida, Crustacea, and Diplopoda. Trigoniulus corallinus is a dominant macroarthropod species with an absolute category (very frequently found) and a wide distribution in elephant feces.  Oligochaeta consists of three species of megadrilli earthworms, namely Pontoscolex corethrurus, Drawida sp., and Pheretima  Javanica.  Drawida sp. have the highest density and were classified as constant (frequently found) in elephant feces. The Shannon-Wiener and Simpson’s diversity indices for soil macroarthropods are relatively high, whereas those for Oligochaeta are low. Based on ecological roles, soil macroarthropods consist of detritivores, omnivores, predators, and herbivores. Detritivores are dominant in elephant feces. Among the Oligochaeta, epigeic earthworms are more dominant than endogeic earthworms. The presence of elephant dung in the central area of the Elephant Training Center is a means of conserving soil biodiversity, thereby contributing to improving soil quality and fertility.

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