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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 986 Documents
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The operation and production in Penaeid farm: mini review aji, ludi parwadani
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 1, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Penaeid prawn demand in the world market has brought about a dramatic raise in the price of prawns, so, the aquaculture prawn industry also increase. Prawn farming can be divided by intensive, semi intensive or extensive culture system. Extensive culture system has low stocking densities, whereas, intensive culture (very high stocking densities) has highest level of environmental control such as recirculation system and stable ecological system. Predation and disease is the major obstacles in culture system. To deal with predation, farmers use net for covering the ponds and fencing the ponds. Disease organism such as parasites, bacteria, fungal and viruses may be eliminated through sterilization of the water. The commercial diets made from squid and white fish meal may replace fresh diet in semi-intensive culture as fish diet has a problem with preservation. Moreover, maintaining water quality such as dissolve oxygen, pH, nitrogen (ammonia and ammonium) and temperature is very important to support productivity and profitability in prawn farming. The most prominent aims at harvest are to pack the prawn in a way that avoids physical damage, minimize the quantity of prawn left on the bottom of pond, and directly chill prawn. Therefore, good management of water quality, feeding, disease, predation, and harvesting is important in prawn culture.Keywords : penaeid, prawn, culture, production, water quality
Genomic and Haplotype Comparison of Butanol Producing Bacteria Based on 16S rDNA Wiratno, Ekwan Nofa; Suharjono, Suharjono; Wardani, Agustin Krisna
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 6, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.01.01

Abstract

High butanol demand for transportation was support to butanol development. Exploration of butanol producing bacteria using genome comparison and biogeography give role to butanol industrialization. Objective of this research are butanol production, genome comparison and haplotype analysis of butanol producing bacteria from Ranu Pani Lake sediment using 16S rDNA sequences. Highest butanol concentrations were resulted by Paenibacillus polymyxaRP 2.2 isolate (10.34 ± 0.00 g.l-1) then Bacillusmethylotrophicus RP 3.2 and Bacillusmethylotrophicus RP 7.2 isolate (10.11 ± 0.01 g.l-1 and 9.63 ± 0.01 g.l-1). Number of bases (T, C, A, G) of group 1 are similar, but different with group 2. Least G+C content is Clostridium saccharobutylicum Ox29 (51.35%) and highest is Bacillus methylotrophicus RP 7.2. Conserve region (1044 bp) of 16S rDNA higher then variative region (367 bp). The number of 319 bp is PIS whereas single tone as much as 48 bp. There are 17 conserves sequences. All of butanol producing bacterial sequences was clustered to 8 haplotype. Based on source of bacteria, there are three group of haplotype. Group A was isolated from Asia, group B was isolated from America and group C was isolated from Europe.
Exploratory Evaluation of Retranslocation and Bioconcentration of Heavy Metals in Three Species of Mangrove at Las Cucharillas Marsh, Puerto Rico Mejías, Carla Lorraine; Musa, Juan Carlos; Otero, Juan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 3, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Heavy metal contamination in the coastal area of Cataño, Puerto Rico accountable to anthropogenic sources is of great concern due to the risk posed over the surrounding communities and adjacent ecosystems. Estuarine ecosystems are widely recognized for the presence of mangroves. This type of flora is recognized for their many beneficial properties for example, the ability to purge aquatic ecosystems where they stand. Exploratory analyses on the phytoaccumulative capacity of three mangrove species for ten metals (Hg, Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Zn) were performed in this research. Random soil samples and both green and senescent leaves of Rhizophora mangle, Laguncularia racemosa and Avicennia germinans from three different sites of Peninsula La Esperanza were analyzed in order to apply the retranslocation efficiency (RT%) and bioconcentration factor (BCF) concepts. After calculating the RT% and the BCF, comparison analyses among the three mangrove species were performed. In general, the results showed low RT% values for Avicennia in comparison with Rhizophora and Laguncularia. BCF values confirmed RT% results for Avicennia, showing higher heavy metal concentrations in its senescent leaves in contrast with the other species. Therefore, these preliminary results suggest that Rhizophora and Laguncularia act better as phytoremediators for heavy metals in polluted areas due to their ability to accumulate lower concentrations in senescent leaves; preventing further contamination in surrounding ecosystems by encapsulating the pollutants instead of exporting them.
Agarose Coated Culture Plate in Tumorsphere Culture of Cervical Cancer Cell Line HeLa: an Alternative to Non Adhesive Culture Plate Juniartha, Putu; Indra, Muhammad Rasjad; Sujuti, Hidayat; Lyrawati, Diana; Nurseta, Tatit
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 6, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.03.11

Abstract

Cervical cancer recurs in 90% cases and linked to cancer stem cells that able to self-renew and responsible for recurrence, metastasis, and mortality of cancer. Isolation and identification of cancer stem cells using serum-free medium needs expensive growth factors and consume time. This study try to grow tumor sphere using culture plate coated with 1% agarose as an efficient and economical alternative to non-adhesive culture plate. HeLa cell line was grew in culture plate coated with 1% agarose and non-adhesive culture plate using similar medium and culture condition. Tumor spheres morphology was observed and the colonies were counted in 7 days followed by single cell assay. Tumor spheres then counted for CD133+, CD34+, and Sox2 expression using flowcytometry. Culture plate coated with 1% agarose can be used as an economic and efficient alternative to culture tumor sphere. Using culture plate coated with 1% agarose, the tumor spheres formed in 7 days with similar morphology to non-adhesive culture plate. Tumorsphere had three dimensional – sphere shape that tightly attached, colonized, and overlapped. The tumor sphere colony counts of two plates were statistically have no significant difference (p=0,667). Single cell assay of a tumor sphere shows that it can grow new tumor spheres with similar morphology. The tumor sphere from culture plate coated with 1% agarose express CD133+ and CD34+ as much as 8.78% ± 2.14 and Sox2 as much as 35.30% ± 23.82 whereas tumor sphere from non-adhesive culture plate express CD133+ and CD34+ as much as 62.36% ± 1.06 and Sox2 as much as 98.86% ± 0.56 (p = 0000).
Morphometric Analysis of Local Fish from Banyu Biru Lake, Pasuruan Compared with Closely Related to Tor spp. from Indonesia Rahayu, Dwi Anggorowati; Nugroho, Endik Deni; Azrianingzih, Rodliyati; Kurniawan, Nia; Haryono, Haryono
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 3, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Banyu Biru is a natural lake in Sumber Rejo Village, Winongan District, Pasuruan Regency. There are local fishes in the Banyu Biru called sengkaring and tambra. Biological studies on these fishes are not so much known. This study aims to identify the relationship of sengkaring and tambra compared with the related species ( Tor spp.: Cyprinidae) from Indonesia. Morphometric analysis can be used to clustering and understanding the relationship of taxa. Each species represents 17 specimens (Tambra and Sengkaring) and measured 22 characters (in mm) by using digital caliper and the additional characters (21 characters). The canonical, clustering, similarity and distances were used. Based on morphometric measurements, sengkaring and tambra had similarity with the four species found in Indonesia. Commonly, the population of Sengkaring and Tambra was critical; therefore, studies needed to be carried out to support conservation.
Study of Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase and Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase in Breast Cancer Patients receiving Chemotherapy. Basnyat, Anil Singh; Jha, Abimanyu; Pathak, R; Shrestha, Bhupal Govinda
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.02.07

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer worldwide, being a major cause of morbidity in female. In Nepal it is the second most common type of cancer among females of perimenopausal age group. More than one quarter of the BC diagnosed in young Nepalese female, with familial history of breast cancer, early pregnancy, longer lactation and estrogen exposure and often with tumors showing aggressive biological behaviors. Anthracyclines (Doxorubicin) based treatment regime were reported to cause cardiotoxicity by increasing intramyocardial free radical production, lipid alterations and decreasing antioxidant level. Oxidative stress involving cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is widely accepted mechanism but the molecular basis of chemotherapy induced organ toxicity remains highly controversial. An increased rate of metabolism and oxidative stress results rapid turnover of cancer cells that modulates the enzyme level in blood circulation. Serum LDH and GGT level correlates with tumor burden, metastatic character of BC and intensity of organtoxicity. The aim of our study is to evaluate the serum level of LDH and GGT in BC patients receiving chemotherapy and correlate these enzyme levels with different stages of BC. A total number of 150 subjects were included in the study, comprising 90 histopathologically confirmed 24 to 76 years aged patients of different breast cancer stages, receiving at least 3 cycles of 5-Fluorouracil, Adriamycin and Cyclophosphamide (FAC) chemotherapy. Sixty age- matched healthy women were enrolled as controls. Blood samples from each individual was collected after informed consent and analysed for serum LDH and GGT levels using standard biochemical methods. Data were analyzed using student's paired 't' test, Pearson correlation test and ANOVA. Serum LDH and GGT levels were significantly (p<0.001) increased in BC patients as compared to control group. When all 4 stages of BC were compared to control group, LDH and GGT showed steady and progressive increase in the activities of these enzymes from stage I-IV. The study concludes that serum LDH and GGT may be sensitive, specific and cost effective biomarkers in early diagnosis of breast cancer, assessing cancer prognosis and response to treatment.
Morphological Variation of Six Pigmented Rice Local Varieties Grown in Organic Rice Field at Sengguruh Village, Kepanjen Subdistrict, Malang District Shinta, Shinta; Indriyani, Serafinah; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 4, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Indonesia is the third richest country for pigmented rice source. Morphological character of pigmented rice in Indonesia is less reported since recent publications and descriptions of pigmented rice are only limited to black rice of Cempo Ireng variety and red rice of Aek Sibundong variety. Pigmented rice varieties in Indonesia are cultivated in an organic way. These varieties are Wojalaka black rice of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Manggarai of NTT, Toraja of South Sulawesi, Cempo Ireng of Central Java and red rice of Aek Sibundong (leading variety) and Baubau of Southeast Sulawesi. The objective of research was to compare the morphological variation of root, stem, leaf, panicle, floret and the colour of milk mature grain and mature grain by observing the vegetative and generative parts of six local rice varieties. Research had been conducted from February 2012 to February 2014 in Sengguruh Village, Kepanjen District, Malang Regency. This study type was quasi-experiment with eleven replications. Group Random Design was used. The observation was given upon vegetative, reproductive and maturity phases as groups. Independent variables in this research were six rice varieties, while the dependent variable was morphological variation (root, stem, leaf, panicle, floret, milk mature grain and mature grain). The data of morphological variation were tabulated through MS Excel 2007 for windows. Descriptive data analysis was used to determine the average rate and the deviation standard of each variable. Data were analyzed by ANOVA at a cut off value of α of 0.05. It was followed by HSD Tukey Test facilitated by SPSS 16.0. The analysis of multivariate data in cluster and biplot was carried out with PAST. The result of the study indicated that there was morphological difference on stem, leaf, panicle, floret, milk mature grain and mature grain. The colour of the stem in Aek Sibundong variety was purple, while that of other varieties was green. Toraja and Manggarai varieties had the highest height with 163-168 cm, followed by Cempo Ireng with 139 cm, Wojalaka and Baubau with 110-112 cm. Aek Sibundong Variety had the lowest height with 99 cm. Aek Sibundong and Wojalaka varieties had 6-7 internodes which were the greatest number of internode, while other varieties only had 4-5 internodes. Some varieties, such as Aek Sibundong, Wojalaka and Baubau had short and small leaf. The leaflet angle of Aek Sibundong and Baubau were 140 and it might be said as upright, while that of Wojalaka was 430 or moderate. Cempo Ireng, Manggarai and Toraja had its 63-880 of the leaflet angle or it was said as flat. Cempo Ireng and Wojalaka were included into Rice Indica Group while Toraja, Manggarai, Cempo Ireng and Baubau belonged to Rice Javanica Group. There were two morphological groups. Group 1 included Toraja, Manggarai and Cempo Ireng, while Group 2 consisted of Aek Sibundong, Baubau and Wojalaka.
Segmental Duplications: A Possible Mechanism of Hominid Uplift through MicroRNA Diversification Endriga, Maria A.; Burog, Aldrich Ivan Lois D.; Dalmacion, Denise Lauren V.; Deocaris, Custer C.
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 1, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.1.1.%x

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are ~21 nucleotide-long gene silencers. Segmental duplications (SD) are among the driving forces in acquiring new genes. Both miRNA and SD are believed to have played a significant role in evolution, particularly in the divergence of humans (Homo sapiens) from the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). This study determines the distribution of miRNAs in humans and in chimpanzees, and presents a hypothesis on its significance in the occurrence of segmental duplications. MiRNA sequences from miRBASE were subjected to BLAT and BLAST to determine if miRNAs are located in SD regions or not. Homology between miRNAs was determined with ClustalW. BLAST was then used to determine whether the non-homologous human miRNA are homologous to any other part of the chimpanzee genome. We found that all 695 human miRNAs are found exclusively in SD regions, and that 67 are de novo miRNAs. Thirteen are homologues of chimpanzee miRNA, and 11 were possibly derived from non-miRNA regions in chimp. Of these, 6 were located in SD regions of the chimpanzee genome. Results indicate that miRNA evolution occurs within regions of segmental duplication and suggest that the presence of miRNA duplicates allows more exposure to mutations that could necessitate diversification, and possibly evolution, through sub- and neofunctionalization.Keywords:
Modulation of Granulocyte Cells Development by VipAlbumin® Administration in BALB/C Mice with Diabetes Mellitus Adi Pradana, Andi Rizki; Ibrahim, Mansur; Sasmito Djati, Muhammad; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 5, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.05.03.05

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that is caused either by the decrease of insulin secretion frompancreatic β cells or the insensitivity of target cells against insulin. High glucose levels (hyperglycemia condition)can trigger the formation of free radicals, the main cause of diabetes micro and macrovascular complications. Theformation of free radicals and AGE (advanced glycation end-products) is assumed to became the key factor in thedecline of granulocyte cell production as well as the disruption of these cells functional activity. The purpose ofthis research was to determine the role of VipAlbumin® in inhibiting the adverse effects of increased blood glucoselevels, which highly influence the production of granulocyte. This study was divided into in vitro and in vivostage. BALB/C mice were used as experimental animals at in vivo stage and induced to undergo diabetes through100 mg/kg BW streptozotocin (STZ) injection at the age of 5 days. VipAlbumin® administered orally for 14 days,which began when mice reached the age of 14 weeks. The administration of VipAlbumin® divided into 3 dosesi.e. 0,01664 mg/gr BW (1st dose), 0,416 mg/gr BW (2nd dose), and 10,4 mg/gr BW (3rd dose). The further step wasa flowcytometric analysis to see the development of granulocyte cells relative amount, which were isolated fromthe bone marrow. The result of this analysis shows that VipAlbumin® administration, particularly at the 2nd and3rd dose, were able to modulate granulocyte cells development in the bone marrow.
Polymorphism of Plasmodium Falciparum Dihydrofolate Reductase and Dihydropteroate Synthase Genes among Pregnant Women with Falciparum Malaria in Banjar District, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia Fitriah, Fitriah; Sulistyawati, Sriwijayanti; Riyanto, Sugeng; Budiono, Budiono; Basuki, Sukmawati; Dachlan, Yoes P; Uemura, Haruki
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 2, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Pregnant women are highly vulnerable to malaria infection in its endemic areas, particularly infection by Plasmodium falciparum that can cause premature, low birth weight, severe anemia in pregnant women, and death. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for Intermittent Preventive Treatment for pregnant (IPTp) is used for malaria control in pregnancy recommended by the World Health Organization that has already been implemented in Africa. The P. falciparum resistance to SP has been reported in several malarial endemic areas, and mutations in the genes of Plasmodium falciparum Dihydrofolate Reductase (Pfdhfr) and Dihydropteroate Synthase (Pfdhps) are shown to be associated with parasite resistance to SP treatment. Genetic analysis of Pfdhfr and Pfdhps genes in pregnant women infected with P. falciparum has not yet been examined in Indonesia. The cross-sectional study was conducted at two subdistricts, Sungai Pinang and Peramasan, in Banjar district of South Kalimantan Province, where 127 pregnant women were recruited from 2008 to April 2010. Two important mutations in Pfdhfr gene (amino acid positions at N51 and S108) and three in Pfdhps gene (A437, K540 and A581) were analyzed by nested PCR-RFLP method. All of the seven pregnant women samples infected with P. falciparum presented PfDHFR 108N and PfDHPS 437G mutations. One of the samples had the additional mutation at PfDHPS 540, in which Lys is substituted by Glu. These results suggested that P. falciparum might present only some resistance to SP at Sungai Pinang and Peramasan subdistricts, Banjar District, South Kalimantan province, Indonesia. Although there were limited number of samples, this study showed only few mutations of Pfdhfr and Pfdhps genes in P. falciparum at Banjar district, South Kalimantan Province, that suggests SP might be effective for IPTp in this area. Thus, further analysis of the other mutation sites in Pfdhfr and Pfdhps genes and in vivo efficacy study of SP with more sufficient sample numbers will be necessary to confirm this preliminarily result.Keywords: PfDHFR and PfDHPS genes, Pregnant women, Falciparum malaria

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