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Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry)
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 19079850     EISSN : 25992740     DOI : 10.24843/JCHEM
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) publishes papers on all aspects of fundamental and applied chemistry. The journal is naturally broad in scope, welcomes submissions from across a range of disciplines, and reports both theoretical and experimental studies.
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 518 Documents
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HIDROLISIS RUMPUT LAUT (Glacilaria sp.) MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ENZIM DAN ASAM UNTUK PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL Yohanes Armawan Sandi; Wiwik Susanah Rita; Yenni Ciawi
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 10, No. 1 Januari 2016
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (108.749 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2016.v10.i01.p02

Abstract

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of enzyme and acids concentration on the yield of glucose produced in the hydrolysis of Glacilaria sp. in the production of bioethanol. The concentrations of cellulase used were 200 units/mL, 400 units/mL, 600 units/mL, 800 units/mL and the concentration of sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) used were 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% (w/v). The concentration of reduction sugar was determined using Anthrone and analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and the determination of ethanol concentration was carried out by using gas chromatography. The results showed that the contents of reducing sugar produced by sulphuric acid (H2SO4) hydrolysis were 26,19%; 36,69%; 41,40%; 45,0% (v/v), by hydrochloric acid (HCl) were 12,12%; 14,03%; 15,17%; 16,50% (v/v), and by cellulase enzyme were 46,15%; 46,73%; 47,68%; 48,25% (v/v). Optimum concentration of reducing sugar produced by hydrolysis using 800 units/mL cellulase was 48,25% (v/v). The optimum length of fermentation to produce bioethanol using Glacilaria sp. as raw material was 5 days. In the fermentation, inoculum with a concentrations of 5% and 10% (w/v) produced 0,85% and 1,51% (v/v) ethanol.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SUSU SKIM TERHADAP HASIL DNA METAGENOMIK DIISOLASI DARI TANAH HUTAN MANGROVE Ni Putu Frida Oktaningtias Widiarthi; Ketut Ratnayani; I Nengah Wirajana
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 8, No. 1 Januari 2014
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (125.962 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2014.v08.i01.p03

Abstract

Cell lysis is the most important step for quality and quantity of metagenomic DNA isolated from an environmental samples. The aim of the research was to compare the quality (integrity and purity) of the metagenomic DNA isolated using the direct cell lysis method from mangrove forest soil with and without skim milk. The total of metagenomic DNA isolated from mangrove forest soil result was analyzed by the spectrophotometric UV-Vis method at ? 230, 260, and 280 nm; and also by using the agarose gel electrophoresis. The results showed that metagenomic DNA can be isolated from mangrove forest soil. The agarose gel electrophoresis results showed that the total DNA quality obtained by the direct cell lysis using buffer lysis with skim milk was relatively less fragmented and the band intensity of DNA was higher compared with direct cell lysis using buffer lysis without skim milk. The results of spectrophotometry indicated that the purity of DNA isolated with and without skim milk was not significantly different against the humic acid (ratio on A260/230). As shown by the A260/280 ratio, the total DNA isolated without skim milk had higher purity level than with skim milk.
PERUBAHAN KUALITAS MINYAK GORENG AKIBAT LAMANYA PEMANASAN M. M. Manurung; N. M. Suaniti; K. G. Dharma Putra
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 12 No.1 Januari 2018
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (252.238 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2018.v12.i01.p11

Abstract

Penggunaan minyak goreng secara berulang-ulang atau pemanasan minyak yang lama dapat mengubah sifat fisiko-kimia dari minyak baik minyak kemasan ataupun minyak curah. Perubahan ini menjadi ciri awal adanya kerusakan dari minyak goreng tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan perubahan kualitas minyak goreng akibat proses pemanasan, yang mengacu pada SNI - 2002. Syarat mutu dilihat dari bilangan peroksida(BP), bilangan Iod(BI), bilangan asam (BA) dan persentase asam lemak bebas (% FFA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, hingga pemansan 40 menit harganya berturut-turut untuk minyak kemasan BP = 6,225 meqO2/100g; BI = 32,464 g Iod/100g ; BA = 0,748 mgKOH/g; % FFA = 0,356 %; sedangkan untuk minyak curah adalah BP = 6,874 meq/100g ; BI = 25,37 g.Iod/100g; BA = 1,096 mgKOH/g ; % FFA = 0,513. Warna minyak berubah kuning kecoklatan menjadi coklat kehitaman
PREPARASI BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK JELANTAH KELAPA SAWIT I W. Suirta
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 3, No. 1 Januari 2009
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (185.49 KB)

Abstract

Synthesis of biodiesel from used cooking oil was carried out in two step reactions i.e esterification andtransesterification. The biodiesel obtained was analysed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometer (GC-MS).The quality was determined by comparing its physico chemical properties and compared to the Jerman Standard DINV 51606.The result of GC-MS showed 6 peaks coresponding to six methyl ester(biodiesel): methyl myristate, methylpalmitate, methyl linoleate, methyl oleate, methyl stearat and methyl arachydate. The biodiesel obtained has a densityof (0,8976±0,0003 g/mL), viscosity of (4,53±0,0872 mm/s), acid value of (0,4238±0,0397 mg KOH/g, and iodnumber of (9,3354±0,0288 g iod/100 g sample). There properties were in a good agreement with the standard JermanDIN 51606.
EFEKTIVITAS PENURUNAN KADAR SURFAKTAN LINIER ALKIL SULFONAT (LAS) DAN COD DARI LIMBAH CAIR DOMESTIK DENGAN METODE LUMPUR AKTIF Ni G. A. M Dwi Adhi Suastuti; I Nengah Simpen; Nanik Ayumi
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 9, no. 1 Januari 2015
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (176.542 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2015.v09.i01.p14

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the ability of the activated sludge in decreasing the concentration of surfactant Linear Alkyl Sulfonate (LAS) and COD in domestic wastewater. The study was begun with the preparation of liquid medium, then mixed with sediment samples to produce the activated sludge. The treatment was carried out by adding the activated sludge to 1250 mL of domestic sewage in the aeration system running for 168 hours. Observations of the LAS and COD values were performed in a period of 6, 24, 72, 120, and 168 hours. The results showed that 5 g activated sludge were able to reduce the values of LAS and COD of 99.70 and 91.08% respectively in 168 hours. The most significant declining values of LAS and COD took place at 6 hours treatment. The rate of declining values of LAS and COD were 82.78 and 55%
IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA TOKSIK EKSTRAK KLOROFORM KULIT BIJI NYAMPLUNG (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) Sri Rahayu Santi; I Wayan Suirta; Kadek Agus Andika Pratama
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 6, No. 2 Juli 2012
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (114.014 KB)

Abstract

Identification  of active toxic compounds from chloroform extract Nyamplung skin bean (Calophyllum inophyllum L) have been conducted. As much as 2,85 g n-hexane extract, 7,42 chloroform extract, and 4,71 water extract were resulted from 1 kg Nyamplung skin bean. Separation of  2 g  chloroform extract  using column chromatography (stationary phase: silica gel 60 and mobile phase chloroform-methanol 9,5:0,5) resulted  in four fraction with yellowish fraction (0,473 g) as the most toxic fraction (LC50 8,241 ppm). Identification using GC-MS showed that the isolate was hexadecanoic acid (21,02%), 8-octadecenoic acid (59,55%), and oktadecanoic acid(19,43%).
KANDUNGAN KIMIA MINYAK ATSIRI DARI KULIT BUAH JERUK BALI (Citrus maxima) SERTA UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli Komang Ardipa Saputra; Ni Made Puspawati; I Wayan Suirta
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 11. No. 1 Januari 2017
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (728.247 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2017.v11.i01.p10

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan aktivitas antibakteri minyak atsiri kulit buah jeruk Bali (Citrus maxima) dan  mengidentifikasi komposisi senyawanya. Minyak atsiri kulit buah jeruk Bali diekstraksi menggunakan metode destilasi uap dan komposisi senyawanya diidentifikasi menggunakan KG-MS ( Kromatografi Gas –Spektrometer Massa). Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli (E.coli ) dan  Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus). Minyak atsiri yang diperoleh dari ekstraksi kulit buah jeruk Bali berwarna bening, memiliki bau khas seperti jeruk dengan rendemen 0,14 %. Hasil uji aktivitas menunjukkan minyak atsiri kulit buah Jeruk Bali dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri  E.coli dan S.aureus. Pada konsentrasi 50, 75, dan 100 ppm minyak atsiri tersebut memberikan daya hambat yang kuat terhadap E.coli dengan diameter hambat berturut-turut, 11, 14, dan 17mm. Namun aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap  S.aureus pada 50 ppm tergolong sedang dengan daya hambat 9 mm, dan aktivitas yang kuat ditunjukkan pada konsentrasi 75 dan 100 ppm dengan daya hambat berturut-turut 11 mm dan 14 mm. Hasil analisis spektra KG-MS menunjukkan minyak atsiri kulit buah Jeruk Bali mengandung lima senyawa yang teridentifikasi sebagai senyawa ?-pinen, mirsen, limonen, germakren dan ?-asaron
KADAR Fe DAN Zn DALAM KRIM KENTAL MANIS KEMASAN KALENG EXPIRE DAN NON EXPIRE MENGGUNAKAN HIDROGEN PEROKSIDA (H2O2) UNTUK DESTRUKSI BASAH SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM (SSA) Putri Go; I W. Sudiarta; P. Suarya
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol.13 No.2 Juli 2019
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (596.327 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2019.v13.i02.p08

Abstract

Sweetened condensed milk is generally packaged in a can which is made from iron and zinc. Iron and zinc can have corrosion with the increasing of contact time and changing condition so that they will contaminate the milk. The purpose of this research are to determine the best wet destruction method, find out the effect of adding 30% H2O2 at varied volume in the process of wet destruction, to find out Fe and Zn content in expire and non-expired sweetened condensed milk and to compare the results with the national quality standard. Sample was wet destructed by using variation of 70% HNO3: 30% H2O2 which is 3:0 (method A); 3:0.5 (method B) 3:1 (method C); 3:2 (method D) then the results were measured by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Analysis of Fe used standard addition curve method whereas the analysis of Zn used calibration curve method. The results of the analysis showed that the best variation of HNO3:H2O2 in wet destruction method was 3:0.5 for Fe analysis and 3:2 for Zn analysis. The addition of 30% H2O2 at varied volume in wet destruction for Fe analysis gave significantly different results for non-expired sweetened condensed milk but were not significantly different for expired sweetened condensed milk. Whereas, the analysis of Zn gave significantly different results for both non-expired and expired sweetened condensed milk. The metal content in the expired and non-expired sweetened condensed milk which were wet destructed by using the best solvent compotition obtained 0,2759 and 0,7126 mg/kg for Fe and 4,1645 and 2,4367 mg/kg for Zn metal. The Fe and Zn content in the sweetened condensed milk are still below the maximum limit that set by SNI. Keywords: Fe, H2O2, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, sweetened condensed milk, Zn
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA TOKSIK PADA SPONS DARI PERAIRAN GILI SULAT-LOMBOK I M. Dira Swantara; Agus Supriyono; Mila Trinoviani
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 1, No. 2 Juli 2007
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1418.494 KB)

Abstract

The isolation and identification of toxic compound on sponge from BPPT collection sub P3-TFM derivedfrom Gili Sulat, Lombok waters has been conducted. The extraction applied was maceration method, which wastotally conducted using three kinds of solvents namely, methanol, dichloromethane, and n-hexane. The total extractobtained was then partitioned into liquid using ethyl acetate and n-butane respectively. The most toxic extraction wasseparated by chromatography column with sephadex LH-20 as the stationary phase and methanol as the mobilephase. Identification of the active isolate was conducted by gas chromatography - mass spectroscopy with the aim ofWiley 275.L. database.Toxin test to sponge of BPPT collection sub P3-TFM showed that SL2 sponge was proved to be the mosttoxic one. The most toxic fraction of SL2 sponge at LC50 at 100 ppm was assumed to be the combination of 7compounds, namely benzene acetatic acid (8.9%), dioktil hexadioate (4.5%), bis (2etilheksil) 1.2-benzeneboksilat(53.1%), 2, 6, 10, 15, 19, 23 hexamethyl 2, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22-tetracosahexene, (17.1%), nonacosane (7.8%),cholesterol (3.8%) and eicosane (4.8%).
FOTODEGRADASI METILEN BIRU DENGAN SINAR ULTRAVIOLET DAN KATALIS ZnO Ni Putu Diantariani; Ida Ayu Gede Widihati; I G. A. A. Ratih Megasari
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 8, No. 1 Januari 2014
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (171.485 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2014.v08.i01.p21

Abstract

Study on  photodegradation methylene blue with ultra violet light and catalyst ZnO has been carried out. This study include determination of quantity of catalyst ZnO optimum  with radiation and without radiation, the optimum of pH, the optimum UV light radiation time, and the effectivity of photodegradation at optimum condition. The results of the research showed that percentage of degradation highly influence by the quantity of catalyst, pH of the methylene blue solution, and time of ultra violet radiation.  In this study, quantity of catalyst ZnO optimum of degradation methylene blue with UV light radiation was 40 mg, whereas degradation methylene blue without UV light radiation was 50 mg. The optimum pH of fotodegradation methylene blue occurs at pH 12 and the optimum UV light radiation time was 5 hours.  The effectivity photodegradation methylene blue at optimum condition was (94,67 ± 0,35) %.

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