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International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology

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Published by Universitas Udayana

ISSN : 23033371 EISSN : 26559994 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Social,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science

International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology provides a unique venue for publishing original researches in biosciences and biotechnology, and ensures that authors could reach the widest possible audience. It publishes both full-length articles and short communications on all aspects of biotechnology and biosciences

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Articles 160 Documents

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THE USE OF BALIPLUS MINERAL FERTILIZER TO INCREASE PRODUCTION AND FARM INCOME OF Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Case Study in Andisol, Baturiti Tabanan Bali) Indayati Lanya; Nengah Netera Subadiyasa
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 5 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

Increased production of foodstuffs is required in line with increasing population. The tourism sector in Bali needs quality products that are both viable and environmentally friendly. Previous research since 2002-2016, found mineral fertilizer plus can increase the highest production, , increased soil quality, and increased farm income. The research location was in Baturiti Subdistrict. The plant tested was string bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) during first planting and residual effect of first fertilization (second planting). Eight fertilizer treatments: P0=control, P1=organic, P2= mineral, P3=chemical (NPK), P4=combination ½ (organic+chemical), P5=combination ½ (mineral+chemical), P6= Baliplus mineral fertilizer (BMF) =combination ½ (organic+mineral+chemical), and P7=combination ½(organic+mineral)], three replications. Parameters observed were bean weight, storage capacity, and value of farm income. The experimental designed used was Randomized Block Design, with Duncan's real test difference of 5%, using the Costat program. Fertilization was very influential and significantly affected to the production of the first planting and residual effects. The treatment using BMF in the first crop,resulted in the highest production (34.33 tons ha-1), highest production increase (62.92%), longest storage (36%) for one week, and the highest farm income (Rp 334 million ha-1). The P1 treatment showed the lowest production (25 ton ha-1), the lowest increase (18.45%), storage capacity (15.27%), and the lowest farm income (Rp 28.7 million ha-1). String bean with the highest residual effect (16.17 ton ha-1) was obtained in treatment P4. The average production of the remaining effect is 48.62% of the first crop. The use of mineral fertilizers plus bali can increase production, savings, and farm income, and reduce 50% of the use of chemical and organic fertilizers.

THE QUALITY AND TOTAL MICROBES OF BROILER CHICKEN IN TRADITIONAL MARKETS OF DENPASAR CITY Luh Yuni Surya Antari; I N. Tirta Ariana; G. A. M. Kristina Dewi
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 4 No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

The purpose of this study was to determine the quality and total microbes of broiler at different location in the traditional markets of Denpasar City. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments. The treatments used in this study, broiler chicken sold at traditional markets in East (DT), North (DU), West (DB), and South of Denpasar (DS). The data obtained from this study were analyzed by analysis of variance. If there were significant differences (P <0,05) among the treatments, then continued with Duncan's multiple range test. The variables used in this study were carcass weight, cooking loss, drip loss, water holding capacity, water content, protein, fat, ash, and total microbes. The results showed that on the average, the highest carcass weight in DB treatment was 1.482 grams, with other treatments to get results not significantly different (P>0,05). The result of this study for variable drip loss, water content, protein, fat, and ash significantly different (P<0,05), then research result for cooking loss, and water holding capacity, were not significantly different (P>0,05). The research result for total microbies broiler chicken at traditional markets in Denpasar City have a range of 1,84 x 104 to 2,62 x 104 CFU /gram. The results were still normal when compared to SNI 7388: 2009 which states that the maximum amount that the content of TPC 1x106 CFU/gram. From these results, it was concluded that there were similarities quality of broiler chicken (carcass weight, cooking loss, water holding capacity, and total microbes), however, there were differences in the quality of broiler seen from drip loss, water content, protein, fat, and ash of broiler at traditional markets in Denpasar City.

MULTIPLEX PCR FOR DETECTION OF CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDES TYPES OF Streptococcus pneumoniae CLINICAL ISOLATES IN BALI Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati; Ni Made Adi Tarini; I Putu Bayu Mayura
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 2 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Streptococcus pneumoniae is causative agent of non-invasive and Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases(IPD). One of the major virulence factors is capsular polysaccharides (CPS). The CPS is known as thepneumococcal vaccine component. Several types of S. pneumoniae CPS are dominant in Indonesiasuch as types 6, 23, 15, 33 and 12 in West Nusa Tenggara, type 7F in Jakarta, and types 6A/B dan15B/C in Central Java. No data is reported from Bali related to S.pneumoniae CPS typing. Therefore,the aim of this study was to determine CPS types of S. pneumoniae isolates in Clinical MicrobiologyLaboratory, Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali by using Multiplex PCR. Twenty-one isolatesthat were isolated from blood (11/52.4%), sputum (5/23.8%), and other clinical specimens (5/23.8%)were included in this study. Identification of S. pneumoniae was based on optochin test and presenceof pneumolysin gene (ply). Uniplex PCR was conducted to determine capsular type of each isolates,and then continued with Multiplex PCR 1 and 2, which used in-house positive controls. All isolateswere positive for the presence of ply, confirming the isolates were S. pneumoniae. Moreover, thisstudy showed that type 19F was the predominant type (7 isolates (66.7%)); 2 isolates (9.5%) werepositive for each type 23F and also for type 6A/B; and, there was only 1 isolate (4.8%) for each type7F and 15B/C. Total of 8 isolates (38.1%) were found to be nontypeable isolates. Multiplex PCR wassuccessfully identified different types of CPS. Development of Multiplex PCR could help indiagnosing and identifying capsular type of S. pneumoniae simultaneously.

THE ROLE OF ORGANIC MATTER ON IMPROVEMENT OF THE PROPERTIES OF KUSAMBA BEACH SAND SOIL, DAWAN SUB-DISTRICT, KLUNGKUNG REGENCY, BALI FOR WATERMELON (Citrullus lanatus Tunb) CULTIVATION Wiyanti Wiyanti; Ni Nengah Soniari; I Nyoman Dibia
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 6 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

The study on The Role of Organic Matter on Improvement of The Properties of Kusamba Beach Sand Soil, Dawan Sub-District, Klungkung Regency, Bali For Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Tunb) Cultivation was conducted in the green house of Agriculture Faculty, Udayana University, Bali. The aim of this study was to determine the role of organic matter in the soil properties of beach sand (Entisol type) to increase crop productivity of watermelon. The research used pot experiment with completely randomized design (CRD) method. The treatments used was organic fertilizer of waste cattle with base fertilizer (N, P, K). The dosage of organic fertilizer were: P0 (20% of the weight of soil); P1 (40%); P2 (60%), and P3 (80%). Each treatment was repeated three times, so in total were 12 pots treatment. Organic matter can decrease bulk density, soil permeability, and increase the total porosity of the soil. It was also able to increase total nitrogen, availability P in soil, dry weight of crop and the weight of the fruit at harvest. The highest bulk density was at P0 and the lowest was at P3 or decreased by 23.17%. The soil porosity increased by 7.98%, while the soil permeability decreased by 26.29%. The highest of total Nitrogen and P availability at treatment P3 which increased by 100% and 135.33% repectively when compared with P0. The dry weight of crop and weight of fruit at harvest increased of 48.81% and 97.70% when compared with treatment of P0.

CARBON STOCK DUE TO THE INTENSITY OF THE USE OF FOREST AREAS IN FOREST MANAGEMENT UNIT OF WEST BALI Wiyanti Wiyanti; Indayati Lanya; I Nyoman Merit; Made Antara
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 4 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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This study aimed to determine the magnitude of the changes in carbon stocks due to changes in forest utilisation. Location of the study include planted forests, coffee plantations, mix garden, and cajuput region. The method used in this study was to estimate carbon stock based on the weight of biomass both above the surface and underground. Measurements were made on the biomass of trees and undergrowth, necromass (dead plant parts), both woody and non-woody (litter), and reserve C in the soil. The results showed that there were considerable differences of carbon stock in each area utilisation. The highest carbon stock found in the mix garden (275.62 tonnes/ha), then decrease at mahogany forest (269.63 tonnes/ha), planted forests (231.45 tonnes/ha), old cajuput (Melaleuca cajuput) (118.53 tonnes/ha), trimmed cajuput (86.57 tonnes/ha), coffee plantations (74.37 tonnes/ha), and un-trimmed cajuput (56.78 tonnes/ha). The recommendation can draw out in this research are: ( 1 ) In the area of coffee planting, horticultural forestry can be developed in the form of rows of plants among the coffee plants and ( 2 ) cajuput planting can be done with the system surjan and each row of cajuput consists of 2 rows with a distance planting more tightly.

GROWTH PROFILES AND ETHANOL PRODUCTION OF TWO YEAST STRAINS Kluyveromyces marxianus IFO-288 AND Kluyveromyces marxianus IFO-617 DURING FERMENTATION OF SOYBEAN PULP HYDROLYZATE SUBSTRATES Kahar Muzakhar
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 1 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Two yeast strains, K.marxianus IFO-288 and K.marxianus IFO-617, were observed to utilize carbon andnitrogen sources obtained from enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean pulp (hydrolyzate). Under aerobiccondition where 1.5% hydrolyzate was used, the maximum biomass of the two yeast yield reached 30%with the protein contents of 47-53%. The two yeast strains also fermented the soybean pulp hydrolyzateand produced alcohol when anaerobic condition was set. The alcohol production effi ciencies of the K.marxianus IFO-288 and K. marxianus IFO-617were 49% and 59.7%, respectively in the medium containing1.5% hydrolyzate. These values were noticed to decrease for the two strains when the concentration of thehydrolyzate was increased. At the concentrations of 2.5% and 5% hydrolyzate for examples, the alcoholproduction effi ciencies of the K.marxianus IFO-288 became 42.5% and 18.5%, respectively, while 45.6% and20.8%, respectively were recorded in the medium inoculated with K. marxianus IFO-617. At 10% hydrolyzateconcentration, none of the yeast strains grew or produced alcohol, indicating that some inhibitory substancesin hydrolyzates were present in the fermentation medium.

ANALYSIS OF GENE TARGETING EVENTS IN BUCKWHEAT (Fagopyrum esculentum) TRANSFORMED b THE MUTANT STRAINS OF Agrobacterium tumefaciens THAT HAVE DEFICIENCY IN T-??DNA INTEGRATION STEP INTO PLANT GENOME Mineo Kojima; Putu Suparthana; Tsutomu Shimizu; Masahiro Nogawa
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Gene targeting events were analyzed in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum, var. Shinano No. 1) that werein planta transformed (T1) by the three strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring a gene targetingvector for an endogenous gene (acc.no.AB327276); M-??1 mutant (abvA::Tn5) and M-??31 mutant (virA::Tn5)strains, both of which are capable of transferring its T-??DNA into nucleus of host plant cell, but have adeficiency in T-??DNA integration step into chromosome and LBA4404 strain, being a commonly usedstrain. The results of both phenotype examination and Southern blot analysis implied that a targetingconstruct(s) was integrated into a different locus (loci) each depending on the strain of A. tumefaciens usedfor transformation. Both 5’-??end and 3’-??end flanking DNA segments that were expected from preciseinsertion of targeting construct into the endogenous U-??gene locus were obtained by PCR with 3 (23%)transformants out of the randomly selected 13 transformants by M-??1 mutant strain, while only 3’-??endflanking DNA segment was obtained with 3(21%) transformants out of 14 transformants by M-??31 strain.Taken together, the results suggested the potential of usage of a mutant strain of A. tumefaciens for genetargeting which has a deficiency in T-??DNA integration step into plant genome.

Content Articles Content Articles
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 3 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Content Articles

AGARWOOD PRODUCING FUNGAL INOCULANT FORMULATION IN KETIMUNAN TREE (Gyrinops versteegii DOMKE) I Made Mega; Dewa Ketut Suanda; Desak Nyoman Kasniari; I Gede Ketut Susrama
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 3 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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This study aimed to find out the agarwood producing fungal inoculant formulation that infect Ketimunan tree (Gyrinops versteegii DOMKE) effectively and resulted in high quality of agarwood. Randomized Completely Block Design was applied in this study with formulation of Fusarium solani and Rhizopus sp inoculant in liquid and solid form were combined as treatments. Treatments were: solid Fusarium solani inoculant, solid Rhizopus sp inoculant, mixture of solid Fusarium solani inoculant and solid Rhizopus sp inoculant, liquid Fusarium solani inoculant, liquid Rhizopus sp inoculant, mixture of liquid Fusarium solani inoculant and liquid Rhizopus sp inoculant, and mixture of solid and liquid of Fusarium solani and Rhizopus sp inoculants. There are three replicates for each treatment. Parameters measured were level of fragrance, agarwood color, and its resin content. The result showed that all formulations affected resin content significantly compared to control of agarwood. Mixture of liquid Fusarium solani and liquid Rhizopus sp inoculant showed the best quality agarwood with quality characteristics: brownish black or agarwood with black and brownish black color, very strong fragrance, and with 13.58% resin content.

DEVELOPMENT OF IN PLANTA TRANSFORMATION METHOD USING Agrobacterium tumefaciens THAT IS SIMPLE AND EFFICIENT AS WELL AS APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS PLANTS Mineo Kojima
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 1 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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A simple and effi cient in planta transformation method was developed. In the method, meristems of eitherapical or axillary buds of immature plants or apical buds of embryos in imbibed seeds, depending on plants,were inoculated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens after being pricked with a needle. The inoculated plants weregrown to maturation in pots under non-sterile conditions. Transformation was demonstrated by severallines of evidence obtained with mostly the progenies of T1 generation; phenotypic inheritance from T0plants to plants of the following generation, resistance of seed germination to antibiotics, detection of?-glucuronidase activity in transformants of T1 generation, detection of transgene by Southern blot andPCR analyses in T1 generation transformants and rescue from T1 generation transformants of the plasmidscomposed of T-DNA of binary vector and fl anking plant genomic DNA. The diverse species of plants such asbuckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), mulberry (Morus alba L.), kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus), rice (Oryza sativa),wheat (Triticum aestibvum L.), maize (Zea mays), and soybean (Glycine max) were shown to be effi cientlytransformed by our in planta method.

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